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Kim SS, Kang TW, Song KD, Cho SK, Lee MW, Rhim H, Sinn DH, Jung SH. Radiofrequency ablation and transarterial chemoembolisation as first-line treatment for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma or isolated intrahepatic recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma in transplanted livers. Clin Radiol 2016; 72:141-149. [PMID: 27742104 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) as a first-line treatment for isolated intrahepatic recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (IIR-HCC) after liver transplantation (LT). MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board. Between January 2005 and January 2015, 588 consecutive patients underwent LT for the treatment of HCC. Among them, 27 patients with IIR-HCCs after LT who were treated with RFA (n=6) or TACE (n=21) as a first-line treatment were retrospectively included in this study. Disease-free and overall survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Risk factors affecting these outcomes were assessed with Cox regression models. RESULTS Except for the total number of recurrent tumours and time-to-tumour recurrence after LT, baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the groups. The 2-year disease-free survival rates for RFA and TACE (20% versus 14%, respectively; p=0.180) and 4-year overall survival rates (33% versus 25%, respectively; p=0.065) were not significantly different between groups. In addition, the types of treatment were not associated with disease-free or overall survival in multivariate analyses. CONCLUSION TACE may be an effective treatment comparable to RFA in patients with IIR-HCC after LT when RFA is not feasible.
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Ghanem N, Jin JI, Kim SS, Choi BH, Lee KL, Ha AN, Song SH, Kong IK. The Anti-Müllerian Hormone Profile is Linked with theIn VitroEmbryo Production Capacity and Embryo Viability after Transfer but Cannot Predict Pregnancy Outcome. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:301-10. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yakunina N, Kim TS, Tae WS, Kim SS, Nam EC. Applicability of the Sparse Temporal Acquisition Technique in Resting-State Brain Network Analysis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:515-20. [PMID: 26585264 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The ability of sparse temporal acquisition to minimize the effect of scanner background noise is of utmost importance in auditory fMRI; however, it has considerably lower temporal efficiency and resolution than the conventional continuous acquisition method. The purpose of this study was to determine whether sparse sampling could be applied to resting-state research by comparing its results with those obtained by using continuous acquisition. MATERIALS AND METHODS We identified resting-state networks by using independent component analysis and measured their functional connectivity strength in 14 healthy subjects who underwent two 6-minute sparse (60 volumes) and continuous (360 volumes) imaging sessions. To account for the sample size difference, an additional continuous dataset was generated by temporally matching the continuous dataset to 60 volumes of the sparse dataset. RESULTS Consistent resting-state network maps were produced through all 3 datasets. Scanner background noise did not appear to affect the spatial constitution of the networks, whereas a larger sample size influenced it substantially. The strength of the intranetwork connectivity was similar through the 3 datasets. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that continuous acquisition is a recommended technique that should be applied in most of the resting-state studies due to its superior temporal efficiency and increased statistical power. The use of sparse temporal acquisition should be restricted to very particular conditions when continuous scanner noise is unacceptable.
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Seong M, Kang TW, Kim M, Kim SS, Jang KM, Kim YK, Kim SH. Tumefactive gallbladder sludge: the MRI findings. Clin Radiol 2016; 71:402.e9-402.e15. [PMID: 26874658 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the conventional and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of tumefactive gallbladder sludge. MATERIALS AND METHODS The institutional review board approved this retrospective study. Between January 2006 and January 2015, 3478 patients were diagnosed with gallbladder sludge by ultrasonography (US). Of them, 12 patients (eight male, four female; mean age, 63.6 years) with 12 tumefactive gallbladder sludge lesions, who underwent subsequent MRI for further evaluation within 1 month, were included in this study. Data regarding the clinical features, presence of enhancement, and signal intensities of the T2-, T1-, and diffusion-weighted images were collected. RESULTS All cases of tumefactive sludge were detected incidentally. None of the patients had any predisposing factors for biliary sludge. The tumefactive gallbladder sludge was predominantly seen as a well-defined mass-like lesion. It showed hyperintensity on T1-weighted images (91.7%, 11/12), and variable signal intensities on T2-weighted images. Most of the tumefactive sludge lesions showed no enhancement on the dynamic phases (90%, 9/10). There were no cases with diffusion restriction. Among the patients with follow-up US data (n=7), all the lesions were found to have either disappeared or decreased in size. CONCLUSION Although tumefactive gallbladder sludge on US can mimic gallbladder cancer, its hyperintensity on a T1-weighted image, and the absence of enhancement and diffusion restriction on MRI images can be helpful for differentiating it from a tumorous condition.
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Rim TH, Choi YS, Kim SS, Kang MJ, Oh J, Park S, Byeon SH. Retinal vessel structure measurement using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Eye (Lond) 2015; 30:111-9. [PMID: 26493040 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2015.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the reliability and validity of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) measurements of retinal vessel lumen diameters and wall thicknesses. METHODS SD-OCT was used to characterize the circular region around the optic disc of 40 eyes (20 subjects). The inner and outer sides (vitreal and choroidal sides) of the vessel wall and the luminal diameter were measured using intensity graphs. RESULTS Mean arterial and venous luminal diameters were 95.1±16.1 and 132.6±17.8 μm, respectively. The wall thicknesses of inner and outer sides of the artery were 23.9±4.9 and 21.2±3.5 μm, respectively. The wall thicknesses of the inner and outer sides of the vein were 20.7±4.2 and 16.3±4.3 μm, respectively. There were significant differences between the inner and outer wall thicknesses in both the artery and vein (P<0.01). Intra- and interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for lumen measurements were >0.95, and for wall thicknesses were >0.85, except for the outer wall thickness measurements. The mean value of outer and inner wall thicknesses showed good reproducibility, with ICCs of >0.85. CONCLUSION Intensity graph-assisted measurements using SD-OCT provided more objective information in finding boundaries of vessels. Luminal diameters and wall thicknesses obtained with OCT showed good overall reproducibility, with inner wall thicknesses being thicker, and with better reproducibility compared with outer wall thicknesses, where ICC values were the lowest among the inner wall thicknesses, mean thicknesses of inner and outer walls, and luminal diameters. When using SD-OCT measurements, caution is therefore advised when using only the outer wall as representative of the wall thicknesses.
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Park H, Chung YS, Yoon CH, Lee SH, Kim SS, Kang C, Choi BS. Presentation of available CTL epitopes that induction of cell-mediated immune response against HIV-1 Koran clade B strain using computational technology. HIV Med 2015; 17:460-6. [PMID: 26471354 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Theoretical predicting cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes are an important tool in vaccine design and CTL therapy for enhancing our understanding of the cellular immune system. We would like to identify available CTL epitopes against HIV-1 Korean clade B. CTL activity was assessed in freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Korean HIV patients in order to assess whether these CTL epitopes induce a cell-mediated immune response (CMI). METHODS NetCTLpan1.1 software, which is the most popular prediction computer software package, and full atom-based simulation (FABS), which is a 3D modelling system for binding activity between epitopes and human leucocyte antigen (HLA) molecules, were used to predict the peptide-spanning Env region binding to HLA-A*24:02, HLA-A*02:01 and HLA-B*15:01, which are frequently found in the Korean population. Granzyme B and interferon-γ ELISPOT assays were used to determine whether identified CTL epitopes induce CMI. RESULTS Three HIV-1 Korean clade B-specific Env CTL epitopes were identified: Gp41-RYL and Gp41-RQG are localized within gp41, and Gp120-LLQ within gp120. In in vitro assays using granzyme B ELISPOT, Gp120-LLQ and Gp41-RQG induced epitope-specific CTL responses in HLA-restricted cells. In ex vivo assay using IFN-γ ELISPOT, cell-mediated immune responses to Gp41-RYL were present in 50% of HLA-matched patients, and responses to Gp120-LLQ and Gp41-RQG were found in 33% of HLA-matched patients. CONCLUSION In this study, we found that a prediction pipeline for CTL epitopes might be based on the most popular computer prediction software and FABS methods. Our results suggest that these CTL epitopes may provide useful tools and information for the development of a therapeutic vaccine against HIV-1 Korean clade B.
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Kim SS, Lee SY, Park KJ, Park SM, An HJ, Hyun JM, Choi YH. Gluconacetobacter sp. gel_SEA623-2, bacterial cellulose producing bacterium isolated from citrus fruit juice. Saudi J Biol Sci 2015; 24:314-319. [PMID: 28149167 PMCID: PMC5272943 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose producing bacterial strain was isolated from citrus fruit juice fungus. The isolated strain was identified as Gluconacetobacter sp. gel_SEA623-2 based on several morphological characteristics, biochemical tests, and 16S rRNA conducted. Culture conditions for bacterial cellulose production by SEA623-2 were screened in static trays. Conditions were extensively optimized by varying the kind of fruit juice, pH, sugar concentration, and temperature for maximum cellulose production. SEA623-2 has a high productive capacity in citrus processing medium, but not in other fruits. The optimal combination of the media constituents for bacterial cellulose production is as follows: 10% citrus juice, 10% sucrose, 1% acetic acid, and 1% ethanol at 30 °C, pH 3.5. Bacterial cellulose produced by SEA623-2 has soft physical properties, high tensile strength, and high water retention value. The cellulose produced by the selected bacteria is suitable as a cosmetic and medical material.
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Jeon YK, Shin MJ, Kim MH, Mok JH, Kim SS, Kim BH, Kim SJ, Kim YK, Chang JH, Shin YB, Kim IJ. Low pulmonary function is related with a high risk of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008-2011. Osteoporos Int 2015; 26:2423-9. [PMID: 25956284 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sarcopenia is the age-related reduction of skeletal muscle mass in older individuals. Respiratory muscle strength may be related to skeletal muscle mass and, thus, the present study attempted to estimate the risk of sarcopenia relative to decreased pulmonary function. The present findings demonstrated that low pulmonary function was associated with low muscle mass in community-dwelling older adults. INTRODUCTION Lean body mass is related to pulmonary function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the relationship between muscle mass and pulmonary function in healthy older adults has yet to be clarified. Thus, the present study investigated the association of pulmonary function with muscle mass in an older community-dwelling Korean population. METHODS This study included 463 disease-free subjects over 65 years of age who underwent anthropometric measurements, laboratory tests, spirometry, and the estimation of appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM) mass in the 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Low muscle mass was defined as the value of ASM divided by height squared (ASM/height(2)) that was less than two standard deviations (SD) below the sex-specific mean of the young reference group. RESULTS Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1[L]) and forced vital capacity (FVC[L]) were positively correlated with ASM/height(2) in males (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) but not in females (p = 0.360 and p = 0.779, respectively). A univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that males with low FEV1 or FVC were more likely to have low muscle mass (odds ratio [OR] = 3.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.62-5.99 for FEV1; OR = 1.99, 95% CI 1.13-3.53 for FVC); similar results were found for females, but the significance was lower (OR = 11.37, 95% CI 0.97-132.91 for FEV1; OR = 7.31, 95% CI 1.25-42.74 for FVC). After adjusting for age, smoking, and moderate physical activity, a low FEV1 value was associated with low muscle mass in both males (OR = 2.90, 95% CI 1.50-5.63) and females (OR = 9.15, 95% CI 1.53-54.77). CONCLUSIONS Using nationally representative data from the 2008-2011 KNHANES, low pulmonary function was found to be associated with low muscle mass in community-dwelling older Korean adults.
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Kim S, Russell M, Henry M, Kim SS, Naik RR, Voevodin AA, Jang SS, Tsukruk VV, Fedorov AG. Dynamic modulation of electronic properties of graphene by localized carbon doping using focused electron beam induced deposition. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:14946-14952. [PMID: 26302897 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04063a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first demonstration of controllable carbon doping of graphene to engineer local electronic properties of a graphene conduction channel using focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID). Electrical measurements indicate that an "n-p-n" junction on graphene conduction channel is formed by partial carbon deposition near the source and drain metal contacts by low energy (<50 eV) secondary electrons due to inelastic collisions of long range backscattered primary electrons generated from a low dose of high energy (25 keV) electron beam (1 × 10(18) e(-) per cm(2)). Detailed AFM imaging provides direct evidence of the new mechanism responsible for dynamic evolution of the locally varying graphene doping. The FEBID carbon atoms, which are physisorbed and weakly bound to graphene, diffuse towards the middle of graphene conduction channel due to their surface chemical potential gradient, resulting in negative shift of Dirac voltage. Increasing a primary electron dose to 1 × 10(19) e(-) per cm(2) results in a significant increase of carbon deposition, such that it covers the entire graphene conduction channel at high surface density, leading to n-doping of graphene channel. Collectively, these findings establish a unique capability of FEBID technique to dynamically modulate the doping state of graphene, thus enabling a new route to resist-free, "direct-write" functional patterning of graphene-based electronic devices with potential for on-demand re-configurability.
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McClelland S, Mackey SJ, Kim SS. The dangerous gamble of heparinization within two weeks of nonoperative traumatic acute subdural hematoma in patients with increased stroke risk: a case series. J Postgrad Med 2015; 60:194-7. [PMID: 24823523 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.132344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In traumatic acute subdural hematoma (aSDH) management, systemic anticoagulation is contraindicated, particularly during the first 2 weeks. We present two cases of patients with nonoperative aSDH whose stroke risk led to heparinization within 2 weeks of the initial hemorrhage and examine their outcomes to illustrate the risks and benefits associated with systemic anticoagulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two elderly males, on warfarin at baseline who developed traumatic nonoperative aSDH were heparinized within 2 weeks of aSDH onset. RESULTS One patient showed a decreased SDH volume on Day 19. The second patient developed sudden onset headache with fixed/dilated pupils on Day 5. In this patient, a CT scan of the brain revealed marked enlargement of the aSDH from 0.9 to 2.4 cm with midline shift of 1.5 cm, and uncal herniation that was incompatible with life. CONCLUSION Heparinization within two weeks of aSDH may cause SDH enlargement resulting in rapidly fatal neurologic deterioration. Further study is needed to more definitively address this issue.
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Kim JY, Kim SS, Jang HJ, Oh MY, Lee DH, Eom DW, Kang KS, Kim SN, Kwan HC, Ham JY, Kim WJ, Jang DS, Han DJ. 5,7-dihydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyflavone attenuates ischemic damage and apoptosis in mouse islets. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:1073-8. [PMID: 26036523 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transplantation of isolated pancreatic islets is a promising treatment for diabetes. 5,7-dihydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyflavone (Eupatilin), a pharmacologically active flavone derived from the Artemisia plant species, has been reported to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study examines the hypothesis that preoperative eupatilin treatment can attenuate ischemic damage and apoptosis before islet transplantation. METHODS Islets isolated from Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 2 groups, and cultured in medium supplemented with or without eupatilin. In vitro islet viability and function were assessed. After treatment with a cytokine cocktail consisting of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (INF)-γ, and interleukin (IL)-1β, islet cell viability, function, and apoptotic status were determined. The glutathione (GSH) and nitrous oxide (NO) levels were also measured. Proteins related to apoptosis were analyzed using Western blotting. RESULTS There was no difference in cell viability between the 2 groups. Islets cultured in the medium supplemented with eupatilin showed 1.4-fold higher glucose-induced insulin secretion than the islets cultured in the medium without eupatilin. After treatment with a cytokine cocktail, glucose-induced insulin release and the total insulin content of the islets were significantly improved in eupatilin-pretreated islets compared with islets not treated with eupatilin. Apoptosis was significantly decreased, and GSH levels were elevated in the eupatilin-pretreated group. Cytokine-only treated islets produced significantly higher levels of NO, iNOS, and caspase-3 than islets pretreated with eupatilin before cytokine treatment. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that preoperative eupatilin administration enhances islet function before transplantation and attenuates the cytokine-induced damage associated with NO production and apoptosis.
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Choi SA, Lee YE, Kwak PA, Lee JY, Kim SS, Lee SJ, Phi JH, Wang KC, Song J, Song SH, Joo KM, Kim SK. Clinically applicable human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells delivering therapeutic genes to brainstem gliomas. Cancer Gene Ther 2015; 22:302-11. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2015.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kim SS, Jang HJ, Oh MY, Eom DW, Kang KS, Kim YJ, Lee JH, Ham JY, Choi SY, Wee YM, Kim YH, Han DJ. Ginsenoside Rg3 enhances islet cell function and attenuates apoptosis in mouse islets. Transplant Proc 2015; 46:1150-5. [PMID: 24815149 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Revised: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transplantation of isolated islets is thought to be an attractive approach for curative treatment of diabetes mellitus. Panax ginseng has been used in oriental countries for its pharmacologic effects, such as antidiabetic and antiinflammatory activities. 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3), an active ingredient of ginseng saponins, has been reported to enhance insulin secretion-stimulating and antiapoptotic activities in pancreatic beta cells. We performed this study to examine the hypothesis that preoperative Rg3 administration can enhance islet cell function and antiapoptosis before islet transplantation. METHODS Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 2 groups according to the administration of Rg3 after islet isolation. Mouse islets were cultured in medium supplemented with or without Rg3. In vitro, islet viability and function were assessed. After treatment of islets with a cytokine cocktail (tumor necrosis factor α, interferon-γ, and interleukin-1β), cell viability, function, and apoptosis were assessed. RESULTS Cell viability was similar between the 2 groups. Islets cultured in medium supplemented with Rg3 showed 2.3-fold higher glucose-induced insulin secretion than islets cultured in medium without Rg3. After treatment with a cytokine cocktail, glucose-induced insulin release, total insulin content of islets, and apoptosis were significantly improved in Rg3-treated islets compared with cytokine-treated islets. Cytokine-treated islets produced significantly higher levels of nitric oxide (NO) than islets treated with Rg3. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that preoperative Rg3 administration enhanced islet function before islet transplantation and attenuated both cytokine-induced damage associated with NO production and apoptosis. Rg3 administration might be a prospective management to enhanced islet function and ameliorate early inflammation after transplantation.
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Kim SS, Mancuso CA, Huang WT, Erkan D. Social capital: a novel platform for understanding social determinants of health in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2014; 24:122-9. [PMID: 25199806 DOI: 10.1177/0961203314550224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to introduce the concept of social capital as a unique and distinct entity from the traditional psychosocial factors of social support, depressive symptoms, and self-efficacy in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, and to evaluate how social capital varies in an SLE sample according to demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, SLE patients completed the Adapted Social Capital Assessment Tool (A-SCAT), which measures cognitive and structural social capital. Patients also completed measures of social support, depressive symptoms, and SLE self-efficacy. Correlations were evaluated between social capital scores and demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables. RESULTS We recruited 89 patients (mean age: 39 ± 15 years old, 83 (93): female; mean SLEDAI: 4; mean SLICC 1). The mean A-SCAT score was 34 ± 15 (normal: 0-71); higher scores were associated with female sex, older age, higher education, Caucasian race, and non-Medicaid insurance (p ≤ 0.03 for all); associations were attributable to structural social capital. Social capital was not associated with depressive symptoms, self-efficacy, or affectionate and interaction social support, but was associated with informational and tangible social support (r = 0.39, r = 0.26, respectively, p ≤ 0.02). There were no associations between SLEDAI and SLICC and social capital, social support, and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Social capital is a novel construct that, like other traditional psychosocial measures, addresses aspects of SLE not reflected by markers of disease activity. Social capital, however, is distinct from traditional psychosocial measures and offers a new platform on which ideas of social connectedness can broaden our understanding of health and chronic illness.
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Park SY, Kim J, Kim BW, Wang HJ, Kim SS, Cheong JY, Cho SW, Won JH. Embolization of percutaneous transhepatic portal venous access tract with N-butyl cyanoacrylate. Br J Radiol 2014; 87:20140347. [PMID: 25027034 PMCID: PMC4453156 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20140347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and feasibility of N-butyl cyanoacrylate (N-BCA) embolization of percutaneous transhepatic portal venous access tract and to establish an appropriate technique. METHODS 40 consecutive patients underwent percutaneous transhepatic portal venous intervention for various reasons. Embolization of percutaneous transhepatic portal venous access tract was performed after the procedure in all of the patients using N-BCA and Lipiodol® (Lipiodol Ultra Fluide; Laboratoire Guerbet, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France) mixture. Immediate ultrasonography and fluoroscopy were performed to evaluate perihepatic haematoma formation and unintended embolization of more than one segmental portal vein. Follow-up CT was performed, and haemoglobin and haematocrit levels were checked to evaluate the presence of bleeding. RESULTS Immediate haemostasis was achieved in all of the patients, without development of perihepatic haematoma or unintended embolization of more than one segmental portal vein. Complete embolization of percutaneous access tract was confirmed in 39 out of 40 patients by CT. Seven patients showed decreased haemoglobin and haematocrit levels. Other complications included mild pain at the site of embolization and mild fever, which resolved after conservative management. 16 patients died during the follow-up period owing to progression of the underlying disease. CONCLUSION Embolization of percutaneous transhepatic portal vein access tract with N-BCA is feasible and technically safe. With the appropriate technique, N-BCA can be safely used as an alternate embolic material since it is easy to use and inexpensive compared with other embolic materials. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE This is the first study to investigate the efficacy of N-BCA for percutaneous transhepatic portal venous access tract embolization.
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Jeon YK, Shin MJ, Kim WJ, Kim SS, Kim BH, Kim SJ, Kim YK, Shin YB, Kim IJ. The relationship between pulmonary function and bone mineral density in healthy nonsmoking women: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010. Osteoporos Int 2014; 25:1571-6. [PMID: 24577346 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-014-2627-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to examine the association between pulmonary function and bone mineral density (BMD) in subjects who had never smoked. Pulmonary function was associated with BMD in premenopausal, but not postmenopausal, women. INTRODUCTION It has been reported that low bone mass is common in patients with pulmonary disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, in healthy nonsmoking women, the relationship between bone mass and pulmonary function has yet to be clarified. The object of this study was to determine whether pulmonary function is related to BMD in healthy nonsmoking women based on menopausal status. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional study based on data obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), a nationwide representative survey conducted by the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare in 2010. This study included 456 subjects who had never smoked and analyzed data concerning pulmonary function and BMD. RESULTS Functional vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) were correlated with BMD at lumbar spine, femur neck (FN), and total hip in premenopausal women (p = 0.030, p = 0.003, p = 0.019, respectively, for FVC; p = 0.015, p = 0.006, p = 0.059, respectively, for FEV1). However, FVC and FEV1 were only correlated with BMD at FN in postmenopausal women (p = 0.003 for FVC; p = 0.006 for FEV1). Body mass index (BMI), FVC, and FEV1 were significantly related with BMD at FN, even after adjusting for age and other confounding factors (β = 0.334, p < 0.001; β = 0.145, p = 0.017; and β = 0.129, p = 0.037, respectively) in premenopausal women. However, only age and BMI were correlated with BMD at FN (β = -0.268, p = 0.001 and β = 0.384, p > 0.001) in postmenopausal women after adjusting for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS Pulmonary function, including FVC and FEV1 are associated with BMD at FN in healthy nonsmoking premenopausal women but not in postmenopausal women.
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Lee SL, Lee HH, Ko YH, Song KY, Park CH, Jeon HM, Kim SS. Relevance of hepatoduodenal ligament lymph nodes in resectional surgery for gastric cancer. Br J Surg 2014; 101:518-22. [PMID: 24615472 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatoduodenal lymph node (HDLN) positivity is considered distant metastasis in gastric cancer according to the seventh American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) classification. In contrast, the International Union Against Cancer seventh edition and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association both consider HDLN as a regional lymph node that can be included in the context of a curative resection. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was justification for considering HDLN involvement as a distant metastasis for which resectional surgery could not have survival benefit. METHODS This study enrolled consecutive patients with gastric cancer having D2 or greater resections, with removal and pathological assessment of the HDLN, between 1989 and 2009. The pathological stage of all patients was determined based on the seventh AJCC criteria, with HDLN included as a regional lymph node. RESULTS A total of 1872 patients had their HDLN removed, of whom 68 had a metastatic lymph node in the hepatoduodenal ligament. The 5-year survival rate of these 68 patients was 30 per cent, compared with 47·7 per cent for those with stage III (P < 0·001) and 9·8 per cent for those with stage IV (P = 0·007) HDLN-negative tumours. The 5-year survival rate of 41 patients with HDLN metastasis and no evidence of distant metastasis at any other site was significantly higher than that among 120 patients with stage IV disease without HDLN metastasis (P < 0·001), whereas 5-year survival did not differ between the 41 patients with stage I-III disease with HDLN metastasis and 568 patients with stage III tumours without HDLN metastasis (P = 0·184). HDLN metastasis was not a significant factor for survival in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSION It is inappropriate to include the HDLN in the distant metastatic lymph node group in gastric cancer. The seventh AJCC criteria for node grouping should be revised.
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Noh JM, Park W, Suh CO, Keum KC, Kim YB, Shin KH, Kim K, Chie EK, Ha SW, Kim SS, Ahn SD, Shin HS, Kim JH, Lee HS, Lee NK, Huh SJ, Choi DH. Is elective nodal irradiation beneficial in patients with pathologically negative lymph nodes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and breast-conserving surgery for clinical stage II-III breast cancer? A multicentre retrospective study (KROG 12-05). Br J Cancer 2014; 110:1420-6. [PMID: 24481403 PMCID: PMC3960607 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 12/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the effects of elective nodal irradiation (ENI) in clinical stage II-III breast cancer patients with pathologically negative lymph nodes (LNs) (ypN0) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and radiotherapy (RT). METHODS We retrospectively analysed 260 patients with ypN0 who received NAC followed by BCS and RT. Elective nodal irradiation was delivered to 136 (52.3%) patients. The effects of ENI on survival outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS After a median follow-up period of 66.2 months (range, 15.6-127.4 months), 26 patients (10.0%) developed disease recurrence. The 5-year locoregional recurrence-free survival and disease-free survival (DFS) for all patients were 95.5% and 90.5%, respectively. Pathologic T classification (0-is vs 1 vs 2-4) and the number of LNs sampled (<13 vs ≥13) were associated with DFS (P=0.0086 and 0.0012, respectively). There was no significant difference in survival outcomes according to ENI. Elective nodal irradiation also did not affect survival outcomes in any of the subgroups according to pathologic T classification or the number of LNs sampled. CONCLUSIONS ENI may be omitted in patients with ypN0 breast cancer after NAC and BCS. But until the results of the randomised trials are available, patients should be put on these trials.
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Park NS, Kim SS, Lee YJ, Wang CK. Effects of longitudinal baffles on particles settling in a sedimentation basin. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2014; 69:1212-1218. [PMID: 24647186 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2013.818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of longitudinal baffles on particles settling performance within a full-scale sedimentation basin with a flow rate of 1,000 m(3)/hr. Comparative experiments on turbidity removal efficiency and sludge deposit distribution were performed in longitudinally baffled and non-baffled sedimentation basins. The turbidity removal rate in the baffled sedimentation basin was observed to be higher than that in the non-baffled basin. In addition, the depth of the sludge deposit in the baffled sedimentation basin was approximately 20% less than that in the non-baffled sedimentation basin, and the sludge concentration was 10% higher. To explain these results and to further investigate the effects of longitudinal baffles, the authors performed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation for both basin types. The results of this CFD simulation indicated that the flow, particularly near the outlet orifice, was more stable in the longitudinally baffled sedimentation basin. Moreover, it could be concluded that the longitudinal baffle enables a fully developed flow and is thus more effective for sedimentation.
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Jeong K, Kim H, Kim K, Kim SJ, Hahn BS, Jahng GH, Yoon KS, Kim SS, Ha J, Kang I, Choe W. Cyclophilin B is involved in p300-mediated degradation of CHOP in tumor cell adaptation to hypoxia. Cell Death Differ 2013; 21:438-50. [PMID: 24270407 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2013.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein (CHOP), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-response factor, is key to cellular survival. Hypoxia is a physiologically important stress that induces cell death in the context of the ER, especially in solid tumors. Although our previous studies have suggested that Cyclophilin B (CypB), a molecular chaperone, has a role in ER stress, currently, there is no direct information supporting its mechanism under hypoxia. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that CypB is associated with p300 E4 ligase, induces ubiquitination and regulates the proteasomal turnover of CHOP, one of the well-known pro-apoptotic molecules under hypoxia. Our findings show that CypB physically interacts with the N-terminal α-helix domain of CHOP under hypoxia and cooperates with p300 to modulate the ubiquitination of CHOP. We also show that CypB is transcriptionally induced through ATF6 under hypoxia. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that CypB prevents hypoxia-induced cell death through modulation of ubiquitin-mediated CHOP protein degradation, suggesting that CypB may have an important role in the tight regulation of CHOP under hypoxia.
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Kim SS, Jackson-Boeters L, Darling MR, Rieder MJ, Hamilton DW. Nifedipine induces periostin expression in gingival fibroblasts through TGF-beta. J Dent Res 2013; 92:1022-8. [PMID: 24004653 DOI: 10.1177/0022034513503659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gingival enlargement is a fibrotic condition that can arise from systemic administration of the dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker nifedipine. Periostin, a transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)-inducible matricellular protein, has been associated with fibrosis in numerous tissues, but its expression has never been examined in nifedipine-influenced gingival enlargement (NIGE). The objective of this study was to assess if periostin up-regulation is associated with NIGE and whether nifedipine induces periostin expression in gingival fibroblasts. In NIGE tissue (n = 6), periostin is overexpressed in the gingival connective tissue compared with healthy control tissue (n = 6). The transcription factor p-SMAD2/3, which is associated with canonical TGF-β signaling, localizes to the nuclei in both HGFs and oral epithelial cells in NIGE tissues, but not in control healthy tissue. In vitro culture of HGFs with 30 and 100 ng/mL of nifedipine significantly increased periostin mRNA and protein levels, which correlated with increased levels of active TGF-β and increased phosphorylation and nuclear localization of SMAD3. Blocking of canonical TGF-β signaling through inhibition of the TGF-β receptor I with SB431542 significantly reduced nifedipine-induced SMAD3 phosphorylation and periostin expression. Our results demonstrate that nifedipine up-regulates periostin in HGFs in a TGF-β-dependent manner.
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Lee K, Chiu I, Santos-Cortez RLP, Basit S, Khan S, Azeem Z, Andrade PB, Kim SS, Ahmad W, Leal SM. Novel OTOA mutations cause autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing impairment in Pakistani families. Clin Genet 2013; 84:294-6. [PMID: 23173898 PMCID: PMC6220893 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Seol JH, Kim JM, Kim SS, Na BR, Jung H, Cho JH, Kim JK. Comparison of polyvinyl alcohol coated nasal packing with non-absorbable nasal packing. Rhinology 2013; 51:137-42. [PMID: 23671894 DOI: 10.4193/rhino12.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of different nasal packing materials are available for prevention of nasal bleeding after endoscopic sinus surgery. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) coated nasal packing is an expandable packing for use in rhinological surgery. This innovative surf- ace treatment helps to reduce the possibility of adherence to tissue and of blood clotting within the sponge. The present study investigated the effects of PVA coated packing and non-absorbable packing with respect to pain, healing site and postoperative bleeding following endoscopic sinus surgery. METHODOLOGY Patients between 18-80 years of age undergoing sinus surgery were enrolled. Each patient`s ethmoid cavities were randomised to receive PVA coated packing material or the standard non-absorbable sinus packs. The remaining nasal packing material was removed on the 2nd day in the clinic. We determined visual analog scale score, bleeding time and wound healing status. A single rhinologist graded postoperative endoscopic appearance. Length of follow-up was 3 months. RESULTS Thirty three patients were recruited. There was a significant difference in the bleeding time between the two groups, but pain and wound healing were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSION PVA-coated nasal packing presents comparable characteristics with traditional nasal packing.
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Noh YH, Kim JY, Kim DH, Kim OH, Park J, Kee BS, Sohn DS, Kim D, Chung YH, Kim KY, Lee WB, Kim SS. [Recovery from parkinsonism with N-acetylcysteine-differentiated neurons]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2013; 47:618-624. [PMID: 24466751 DOI: 10.7868/s0026898413040186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The upregulation of dopaminergic neuronal differentiation is necessary for stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, neuronal differentiation efficiency increased by more than 2 times in P19 embryonic stem cells (ESCs) induced by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and retinoic acid (RA) as compared to RA alone, with suppressed glial differentiation. The majority of NAC-treated stem cells grafted into brains of PD mice differentiated into dopaminergic neurons and persisted well for 6 weeks. Parkinsonism was also greatly improved after grafting NAC-treated cells in comparison to cells treated with only RA. Our results strongly suggest that NAC treatment may be an effective strategy for generating stem cells fated to become dopaminergic neurons for PD clinical therapy.
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Kim SS, Perino G, Boettner F, Miller A, Goodman S. Salmonella septic arthritis of the knees in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2013; 22:740-3. [PMID: 23753601 DOI: 10.1177/0961203313491022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hematogenous Salmonella osteomyelitis is uncommon in immunocompetent hosts, but occurs with some regularity in immunosuppressed patients affected by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Surgical debridement with resection of compromised tissue is central to the surgical management of osteomyelitis. Persistence of septic arthropathy may result from inadequate debridement, areas of osteonecrosis (ON), and an abnormal cellular and humoral dysregulation characteristic of SLE. We describe a 53-year-old Hispanic female with SLE on immunosuppressive therapy, who developed acute salmonella-induced septic arthritis and osteomyelitis of both knees associated with ON and recurrent SLE synovitis. She received prolonged antibiotic therapy and an extensive surgical debridement as part of a successful two-stage bilateral total knee replacement. This report illustrates the significance of Salmonella enterica infection in SLE patients, and the role of underlying bone and joint pathology such as bone infarcts, sub-acute osteomyelitis, and SLE synovitis.
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