Inulin-induced differences on serum extracellular vesicles derived miRNAs in dairy cows suffering from subclinical mastitis

MicroRNA (miRNA) profiles vary with the nutritional and pathological conditions of cattle. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of inulin supplement on miRNA profiles derived from serum extracellular vesicles (EVs). Our goal was to determine the differences in miRNA expressions and analyse the pathways in which they are involved. Based on the results of California mastitis test and milk somatic cell counts, ten lactating cows with subclinical mastitis were randomly divided into two groups: an inulin group and a control group (n = 5 in each group). The inulin group received a daily supplement of 300 g of inulin while the control group did not receive any supplementation. After a 5-week treatment period, serum-derived EV-miRNAs from each cow were isolated. High-throughput sequencing was conducted to identify differentially expressed miRNAs. GO and KEGG bioinformatics analysis was performed to examine the target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs. The EV-RNA concentration and small RNA content were not affected by the inulin treatment. A total of 162 known miRNAs and 180 novel miRNAs were identified from 10 samples in the two groups. Among the known miRNAs, 23 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed between the two groups, with 18 upregulated and five downregulated in the inulin group compared to the control group. Pathway analysis revealed the involvement of these differentially expressed miRNAs in the regulation of cell structure and function, lipid oxidation and metabolism, immunity and inflammation, as well as digestion and absorption of nutrients. Overall, our study provides a molecular-level explanation for the reported beneficial health effects of inulin supplementation in cows with subclinical mastitis.

The influence of residual pectin composition and content on nanocellulose films from ramie fibers: Micro-nano structure and physical properties

In this study, cellulose nanofibril (CNF) films from ramie fibers were prepared with different pectin compositions and contents, and the influence of residual pectin on the overall performances of CNF films was evaluated. There was no significant effect of the residual pectin composition on the properties of obtained CNF films. However, when the content of residual pectin was increased from 0.45 % to 9.16 %, the surface area and water absorption of CNF films were increased from 0.2223 to 0.3300 m2/g, and from 93.51 % to 122.42 %, respectively. Pectin covers the CNF surface and act as a physical barrier between the cellulose fibrils; thus the nanocellulose films with high pectin content will have a loose and porous structure, resulting in a high surface area and a high water absorption. Besides, with the residual pectin content decreasing from 9.16 % to 0.45 %, the UVA light transmittance and tensile strength of CNF films were increased from 30.6 % to 59.9 %, and from 37.67 to 100.26 MPa, respectively. After removal of amorphous pectins in CNFs, the low pectin containing CNFs are able to pack more compactly to form a strong and thin film. This paper provides guidance for the preparation of CNF films with different performance requirements.

[Molecular epidemiological study on rubella virus circulating in Yunnan Province during 2011-2021]

Objective: To understand the genotype distribution and transmission pattern of rubella virus (RuV) circulating in Yunnan Province. Methods: Throat swab samples were collected from rubella outbreaks and sporadic cases in nine prefectures/cities of Yunnan Province from 2011 to 2021. Virus isolation, amplification of target genes and sequence determination were performed on the RuV-positive samples. The genotypes and lineages of Yunnan strains were determined by comparing them with the reference strains, and further phylogenetic analysis was performed with Yunnan strains and strains circulating in other provinces of China during the same period. Results: RuV circulating in Yunnan province during 2011-2021 showed significant genetic diversity, and three lineages, 1E-L1, 2B-L1 and 1E-L2, were detected. Two lineage-switches were also identified, including the conversion of 1E-L1 to 2B-L1 between 2012 and 2013, and the replacement of 2B-L1 to 1E-L2 after 2018. The time of the switches was basically consistent with the outbreak in Yunnan province in 2012 and the time of the rubella reemergence and epidemic between 2018 and 2019. The amino acid sequence of RuV virus strains in Yunnan province was highly conserved, and no important functional regions were changed. Conclusions: The transmission pattern of RuV in Yunnan province is generally consistent with the epidemic trend of RuV in other provinces of China.

A novel noninvasive brain-computer interface by imagining isometric force levels

Physiological circuits differ across increasing isometric force levels during unilateral contraction. Therefore, we first explored the possibility of predicting the force level based on electroencephalogram (EEG) activity recorded during a single trial of unilateral 5% or 40% of maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MVC) in right-hand grip imagination. Nine healthy subjects were involved in this study. The subjects were required to randomly perform 20 trials for each force level while imagining a right-hand grip. We proposed the use of common spatial patterns (CSPs) and coherence between EEG signals as features in a support vector machine for force level prediction. The results showed that the force levels could be predicted through single-trial EEGs while imagining the grip (mean accuracy = 81.4 ± 13.29%). Additionally, we tested the possibility of online control of a ball game using the above paradigm through unilateral grip imagination at different force levels (i.e., 5% of MVC imagination and 40% of MVC imagination for right-hand movement control). Subjects played the ball games effectively by controlling direction with our novel BCI system (n = 9, mean accuracy = 76.67 ± 9.35%). Data analysis validated the use of our BCI system in the online control of a ball game. This information may provide additional commands for the control of robots by users through combinations with other traditional brain-computer interfaces, e.g., different limb imaginations.

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation would be an alternative to implantable cervical vagus nerve stimulation in some situation

Implantable cervical vagus nerve stimulation (iVNS) is a representative and promising neuromodulation. However, the invasive nature restricts its application. Traditional auricular acupuncture treatment has a long history. The auricular branch of the vagus nerve (ABVN) is a branch on the surface of the ear. Some studies demonstrates that transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) would achieve similar effects as iVNS. TaVNS and iVNS share a common anatomical basis and acting mechanism. In this article, we made a comparison between iVNS and taVNS in indications and efficacy. The recent studies have revealed similar clinical efficacy of taVNS, taVNS would expand the indication of iVNS. High-quality clinical evidences are needed before taVNS become be an alternative of iVNS.

DrugormerDTI: Drug Graphormer for drug-target interaction prediction

Drug-target interactions (DTI) prediction is a crucial task in drug discovery. Existing computational methods accelerate the drug discovery in this respect. However, most of them suffer from low feature representation ability, significantly affecting the predictive performance. To address the problem, we propose a novel neural network architecture named DrugormerDTI, which uses Graph Transformer to learn both sequential and topological information through the input molecule graph and Resudual2vec to learn the underlying relation between residues from proteins. By conducting ablation experiments, we verify the importance of each part of the DrugormerDTI. We also demonstrate the good feature extraction and expression capabilities of our model via comparing the mapping results of the attention layer and molecular docking results. Experimental results show that our proposed model performs better than baseline methods on four benchmarks. We demonstrate that the introduction of Graph Transformer and the design of residue are appropriate for drug-target prediction.

Selective Cleavage of Chemical Bonds in Targeted Intermediates for Highly Selective Photooxidation of Methane to Methanol

Restrained by the uncontrollable cleavage process of chemical bonds in methane molecules and corresponding formed intermediates, the target product in the reaction of methane selective oxidation to methanol would suffer from an inevitable overoxidation process, which is considered to be one of the most challenging issues in the field of catalysis. Herein, we report a conceptually different method for modulating the conversion pathway of methane through the selective cleavage of chemical bonds in the key intermediates to suppress the generation of peroxidation products. Taking metal oxides, typical semiconductors in the field of methane oxidation as model catalysts, we confirm that the cleavage of different chemical bonds in CH₃O* intermediates could greatly affect the conversion pathway of methane, which has a vital role in product selectivity. Specifically, it is revealed that the formation of peroxidation products could be significantly prevented by the selective cleavage of C-O bonds in CH₃O* intermediates instead of metal-O bonds, which is proved by the combination of density functional theory calculations and in situ infrared spectroscopy based on isotope labeling. By manipulating the lattice oxygen mobility of metal oxides, the electrons transferring from the surface to the CH₃O* intermediates could directionally inject into the antibonding orbitals of the C-O bond, resulting in its selective cleavage. As a result, the gallium oxide with low lattice oxygen mobility shows a 3.8% conversion rate for methane with a high methanol generation rate (∼325.4 μmol g^-1 h^-1) and selectivity (∼87.0%) under room temperature and atmospheric pressure in the absence of extra oxidants, which is superior among the reported studies (reaction pressure: <20 bar).

Methane photooxidation with nearly 100% selectivity towards oxygenates: proton rebound ensures the regeneration of methanol

Restrained by uncontrollable dehydrogenation process, the target products of methane direct conversion would suffer from an inevitable overoxidation, which is deemed as one of the most challenging issues in catalysis. Herein, based on the concept of hydrogen bonding trap, we proposed a novel concept to modulate methane conversion pathway to hinder the overoxidation of target products. Taking boron nitride as a proof-of-concept model, for the first time, it is found that the designed N-H bonds can work as hydrogen bonding trap to attract electrons. Benefitting from it, the N-H bonds on the BN surface rather than C-H bonds in formaldehyde prefer to cleavage, greatly suppressing the continuous dehydrogenation process. More importantly, formaldehyde will combine with the released protons, which leads to a proton rebound process to regenerate methanol. As a result, BN shows a high methane conversion rate (8.5%) and nearly 100% product selectivity to oxygenates under atmospheric pressure.

A182 PREDICTING HIGH DIRECT HEALTHCARE COSTS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE IN THE FIRST YEAR FOLLOWING DIAGNOSIS

Background

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to rise rapidly among Canadian children. The care of children results in higher direct healthcare costs than adults with IBD. It is imperative that we identify individuals who will become the highest-cost users of the health system in order to intervene early and decrease the individual- and system-level burden of IBD.

Purpose

To develop a predictive-model for high-cost health system users and (2) identify factors associated with high-cost healthcare use.

Method

Incident cases of IBD diagnosed ≤17y residing in Ontario and enrolled in the Canadian Children IBD Network (CIDsCaNN) between Dec 31 2013 and Jan 31 2019 were linked deterministically using health card number to health administrative data. Using a validated algorithm, direct healthcare costs accumulated between the 31^st and 365^th day after diagnosis were calculated using data from CIDsCaNN (medications) and health administrative data (health system encounters, including surgery). A predictive model was created to determine high-cost (≤25^th percentile) and medium-cost (26^th to 75^th) users, compared to low-cost users (>75th) using ordinal logistic regression. Potential predictive variables were determined a priori based on clinical significance and magnitude of univariable association, based on sample size-informed degrees of freedom. Variables from CIDsCaNN data included: IBD type, age at diagnosis, sex, first line of therapy (steroids, aminosalicylates, exclusive enteral nutrition; yes or no, not mutually exclusive), disease activity (severe vs. moderate vs. none/mild based on PUCAI [UC] or wPCDAI [Crohn’s]). Predictive variables from the health administrative data included: rural/urban residence, hospitalization at diagnosis, intestinal resection or colectomy within 3 months of diagnosis, emergency department visit ±1 month of diagnosis, and a mental health encounter within the first year following diagnosis. Anti-TNF treatment was excluded from models due to the strong correlation with the outcome (direct costs). Overall model fit was estimated with a c-statistic.

Result(s)

Among the 487 (57% Crohn’s) children included in the study, the mean (sd) direct costs accumulated between the 31^st and 365^th days following IBD diagnosis was $14,451 (14,665). The mean cost among high-cost users was $33,533 (16,530); medium-cost users, $11,038 (5322); low-cost users, $2530 (831). The predictive model identified high-cost users of the health system with acceptable model fit (c-statistic 0.69). The relative contribution of individual variables, as measured by odds ratio (OR), is reported in the Table.

Image

Conclusion(s)

The direct healthcare costs of pediatric IBD are substantial. Children with IBD who become high-cost users of the health system were identifiable using characteristics at diagnosis (e.g., need for mental health care, emergency visits, older age). Further research should assess whether interventions in patients at-risk for becoming high-cost users may help to reduce costs.

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Ontario Academic Health Sciences Centres Alternate Funding Plan Innovation Fund

Disclosure of Interest

E. Kuenzig: None Declared, R. Duchen: None Declared, T. Walters Grant / Research support from: Janssen, Abbvie, Psfizer, Ferring, Amgen, Consultant of: Janssen, Abbvie, Psfizer, Ferring, Amgen, D. Mack: None Declared, A. Griffiths Grant / Research support from: Abbvie, Consultant of: Abbvie, Amgen, BristolMyersSquibb, Janssen, Lilly, Takeda, Speakers bureau of: Abbvie, Janssen, Takeda, C. Bernstein Grant / Research support from: Research grants from Abbvie Canada, Amgen Canada, Pfizer Canada, and Sandoz Canada and contract grants from Janssen, Abbvie and Pfizer, Consultant of: Abbvie Canada, Amgen Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, JAMP Pharmaceuticals, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada, Sandoz Canada, Takeda, Speakers bureau of: Abbvie Canada, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada and Takeda Canada, G. Kaplan Grant / Research support from: Ferring, Consultant of: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, Amgen, Sandoz, Pendophram, and Takeda, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, Amgen, Sandoz, Pendophram, and Takeda, A. Otley Grant / Research support from: Research support: AbbVie Global. Research site: AbbVie, Pfizer, Eli-Lily, Janssen, Consultant of: AbbVie Canada, W. Yu: None Declared, X. Wang: None Declared, J. Guan: None Declared, S. Fung: None Declared, E. Benchimol Consultant of: McKesson Canada, Dairy Farmers of Ontario (unrelated to medications used to treat inflammatory bowel disease)

High prevalence of vertebral deformity in tumor-induced osteomalacia associated with impaired bone microstructure

PURPOSE

Patients with tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) often suffer from irreversible height loss due to vertebral deformity. However, the prevalence of vertebral deformity in TIO patients varies among limited studies. In addition, the distribution and type of vertebral deformity, as well as its risk factors, remain unknown. This study aimed to identify the prevalence, distribution, type and risk factors for vertebral deformity in a large cohort of TIO patients.

METHODS

A total of 164 TIO patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. Deformity in vertebrae T4-L4 by lateral thoracolumbar spine radiographs was evaluated according to the semiquantitative method of Genant. Bone microstructure was evaluated by trabecular bone score (TBS) and high-resolution peripheral QCT (HR-pQCT).

RESULTS

Ninety-nine (99/164, 60.4%) patients had 517 deformed vertebrae with a bimodal pattern of distribution (T7-9 and T11-L1), and biconcave deformity was the most common type (267/517, 51.6%). Compared with patients without vertebral deformity, those with vertebral deformity had a higher male/female ratio, longer disease duration, more height loss, lower serum phosphate, higher bone turnover markers, lower TBS, lower areal bone mineral density (aBMD), lower peripheral volumetric BMD (vBMD) and worse microstructure. Lower trabecular vBMD and worse trabecular microstructure in the peripheral bone and lower spine TBS were associated with an increased risk of vertebral deformity independently of aBMD. After adjusting for the number of deformed vertebrae, we found little difference in clinical indexes among the patients with different types of vertebral deformity. However, we found significant correlations of clinical indexes with the number of deformed vertebrae and the spinal deformity index.

CONCLUSION

We reported a high prevalence of vertebral deformity in the largest cohort of TIO patients and described the vertebral deformity in detail for the first time. Risk factors for vertebral deformity included male sex, long disease duration, height loss, abnormal biochemical indexes and bone impairment. Clinical manifestation, biochemical indexes and bone impairment were correlated with the number of deformed vertebrae and degree of deformity, but not the type of deformity.

Bioturbation in sediment cores from the Clarion-Clipperton Zone in the northeast Pacific: Evidence from excess 210Pb

Radioactivity levels of ²¹⁰Pb and ²²⁶Ra were measured to evaluate the bioturbation coefficients and mixing depths in one sediment core collected from the polymetallic nodule area inside the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ), a contract area of the China Ocean Mineral Resources Association (COMR) in the eastern Pacific Ocean. With a steady-state diffusion mode, the bioturbation coefficient and mixing depth of the sediment core were estimated to be 81.5 cm²/a and 51.3 cm, respectively, higher than that of the sediment core from the previous results from abyssal or global areas, which may be attributed to the distribution of total organic carbon (TOC) abundance. In addition, the transport flux of TOC from the surface layer to the deep layer were evaluated to be 1.15 mmol/(cm²·a), resulting in 83,200 tons of carbon buried annually into the sediment in the CCZ, indicating that a potential carbon sink will be disturbed with future exploration.

Maternal Periconceptional Folic Acid Supplementation and DNA Methylation Patterns in Adolescent Offspring

BACKGROUND

Folate, including the folic acid form, is a key component of the one-carbon metabolic pathway used for DNA methylation. Changes in DNA methylation patterns during critical development periods are associated with disease outcomes and are associated with changes in nutritional status in pregnancy. The long-term impact of periconceptional folic acid supplementation on DNA methylation patterns is unknown.

OBJECTIVES

To determine the long-term impact of periconceptional folic acid supplementation on DNA methylation patterns, we examined the association of the recommended dosage (400 μg/d) and time period (periconceptional before pregnancy through first trimester) of folic acid supplementation with the DNA methylation patterns in the offspring at age 14-17 y compared with offspring with no supplementation.

METHODS

Two geographic sites in China from the 1993-1995 Community Intervention Program of folic acid supplementation were selected for the follow-up study. DNA methylation at 402,730 CpG sites was assessed using saliva samples from 89 mothers and 179 adolescents (89 male). The mean age at saliva collection was 40 y among mothers (range: 35-54 y) and 15 y among adolescents (range: 14-17 y). Epigenome-wide analyses were conducted to assess the interactions of periconceptional folic acid exposure, the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)-C677T genotype, and epigenome-wide DNA methylation controlling for offspring sex, geographic region, and background cell composition in the saliva.

RESULTS

In the primary outcome, no significant differences were observed in epigenome-wide methylation patterns between adolescents exposed and those non-exposed to maternal periconceptional folic acid supplementation after adjustment for potential confounders [false discovery rate (FDR) P values < 0.05]. The MTHFR-C677T genotype did not modify this lack of association (FDR P values < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, there were no differences in DNA methylation between adolescents who were exposed during the critical developmental window and those not exposed to the recommended periconceptional/first-trimester dosage of folic acid.

Chidamide-based 3-drug combination regimen reverses molecular relapse post transplantation in AML1-ETO-positive acute myeloid leukemia

Objective: We aimed to explore a new method to reverse early relapse in patients with AML1-ETO-positive acute myeloid cell transplantation. Methods: A chidamide-based 3-drug combination regimen was used in our center to treat patients with AML1-ETO-positive AML post transplantation but negative flow cytometry results. A retrospective analysis was performed of the survival rate and possible influencing factors of patients with relapse treated with this regimen in our center from January 2018 to January 2022. Results: The overall response rate was 95.8% (23/24), and the median number of treatment courses was 4 (range, 3-12 courses). The total molecular complete response (MCR) was 79.1% (19/24) after all treatments, and the molecular complete response was 37.5% (9/24) after one cycle of treatment but reached 58.3% (14/24) after four cycles; overall, the proportion of MCR increased gradually with the increase in treatment cycles. The projected 5-year overall survival rate was 73.9%. The projected 5-year leukemia-free survival rate was 64.8%, and the projected 1-year cumulative relapse rate was 35.5%. The incidence of grade II-IV graft-versus-host diseases (GVHD) was 29.2% (7/24), and that of grade III-IV GVHD was 20.8% (5/24), which could be effectively controlled by glucocorticoid therapy combined with calcineurin inhibitors The total incidence of chronic GVHD was 29.2% (7/24), and all cases were localized chronic GVHD. The total infection rate was 33.3% (8/24), mainly involving bacterial and fungal infections, and the incidence of life-threatening infections was 4.17% (1/24). The treatment-related mortality rate was 0%; and the total mortality rate was 20.8% (5/24). Nausea and vomiting, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia were common adverse reactions, all of which were Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade 2-3 events and reversible after drug withdrawal. In terms of immunity, Th1 cell counts gradually increased, Th17 cell counts gradually decreased, and the Th1/Th17 ratio gradually increased after treatment. The CD8⁺ T lymphocyte count increased gradually, while the CD4⁺ T lymphocyte count did not change significantly. Conclusion: Our chidamide-based 3-drug combination regimen led to a high remission rate and tolerable adverse reactions in patients with AML1-ETO-positive post-transplant relapse, and most patients can achieve long-term survival with this regimen.

UCHL1 Impairs Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell Osteogenesis in Periodontitis

Periodontitis comprises a series of inflammatory responses resulting in alveolar bone loss. The suppression of osteogenesis of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) by inflammation is responsible for impaired alveolar bone regeneration, which remains an ongoing challenge for periodontitis therapy. Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) belongs to the family of deubiquitinating enzymes, which was found to play roles in inflammation previously. In this study, the upregulation of UCHL1 was identified in inflamed PDLSCs isolated from periodontitis patients and in healthy PDLSCs treated with tumor necrosis factor-α or interleukin-1β, and the higher expression level of UCHL1 was accompanied with the impaired osteogenesis of PDLSCs. Then UCHL1 was inhibited in PDLSCs using the lentivirus or inhibitor, and the osteogenesis of PDLSCs suppressed by inflammation was rescued by UCHL1 inhibition. Mechanistically, the negative effect of UCHL1 on the osteogenesis of PDLSCs was attributable to its negative regulation of mitophagy-dependent bone morphogenetic protein 2/Smad signaling pathway in periodontitis-associated inflammation. Furthermore, a ligature-induced murine periodontitis model was established, and the specific inhibitor of UCHL1 was administrated to periodontitis mice. The histological results showed increased active osteoblasts on alveolar bone surface and enhanced alveolar bone regeneration when UCHL1 was inhibited in periodontitis mice. Besides, the therapeutic effects of UCHL1 inhibition on ameliorating periodontitis were verified, as indicated by less bone loss and reduced inflammation. Altogether, our study proved UCHL1 to be a key negative regulator of the osteogenesis of PDLSCs in periodontitis and suggested that UCHL1 inhibition holds promise for alveolar bone regeneration in periodontitis treatment.

Nursing and Treatment Experience of COVID-19 with Facial Paralysis

Introduction

Facial paralysis is one of the nervous system manifestations reported about COVID-19. There has been no consensus on the treatment and nursing care of COVID-19 combined with facial paralysis. On May 2022, a COVID-19 case with facial paralysis was reported to make suggestions on nursing care and treatment based on successful experience of curing the case with traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine.

Case Presentation

A 27-year-old male, was hospitalized because of "low fever for 12 days and difficulty in left side facial muscle movement for 2 days." The diagnosis of facial paralysis and COVID-19 infection (mild type）is definite which is based on the patient's medical history and test results afterwards.

Management and Outcomes

Medical staff made a comprehensive plan on COVID-19's basic nursing including nutritional support, vital signs monitoring and psychological evaluation, medication guidance including corticosteroids and traditional Chinese medicine, and specialized nursing procedures of facial paralysis. The symptoms of the patient were significantly improved after treatment with traditional Chinese medicine and low-dose corticosteroids. The COVID-19 nucleic acid test turned negative 12 days after admission, and the facial paralysis recovered 1 month later after discharge.

Discussion

Facial paralysis and COVID-19 can coexist. This study finds that COVID-19 (mild type） patients can be treated with traditional Chinese medicine instead of antiviral drugs. This paper puts forward reasonable suggestions that the nursing plan of patients with COVID-19 complicated with specialized diseases should be formulated together with specialist nurses. The nursing plan needs to be implemented on the "General + Specialized" mode.

Hopes and fears regarding care robots: Content analysis of newspapers in East Asia and Western Europe, 2001-2020

Background

As a type of welfare technology, care robotics is now widely seen as a potential aide to rehabilitation, increasing independence and enhancing the wellbeing of people with disabilities and older adults. Research into and development of care robots have both been vigorously promoted in North America, Europe and Asia, and the competition for technological advancement in robotics is becoming fierce. AI ethics and policy guidelines are being established. However, there are still differences in attitudes and perceptions, as well as national policies regarding this type of welfare technology. Moreover, despite the anticipated usefulness, it is believed that progress has been slow in the diffusion of care robots.

Purpose

In order to explore how public discourses support technological innovation, such as care robots, while preparing society for potential risks and impact, we sought to ascertain whether public discourse on care robots varies from region to region. For example, what are the hopes and promises associated with care robots and what are the concerns?

Methods

To address these questions, this article explored how care robots have been portrayed in five major broadsheet newspapers in five jurisdictions in Asia and Europe (France, Great Britain, Hong Kong SAR, Ireland and Japan). We obtained 545 articles for the period between January 2001 and September 2020, more than half of which originated in Japan. A thematic analysis was conducted of these articles written in four languages (Chinese, English, French and Japanese).

Results

Positive and negative narratives were teased out, alongside other key prominent themes identified, such as Japan as the land of robots, the pandemic, and the impact of robots on the economy. As the number of robot-related articles grew from the year 2012 onwards, narratives became more nuanced in European newspapers, but not in Asian ones. Furthermore, recent articles began to address the social and relational impact of care robots, while providing concrete examples of improvements in the quality of life for users. Further careful examination will be necessary in the future in order to establish the impact of robotics use in rehabilitation for people with disabilities, older adults, their carers and society at large.

Case report: Clinical report of co-occurrence of pituitary adenoma and meningioma in the sellar region after meningioma treatment

The coexistence of meningioma and pituitary adenoma is very rare, especially in the same location after meningioma surgery. Here, we reported a case of coexisting meningioma and pituitary adenoma secondary to postoperative meningioma in the sellar region in a patient who had not received radiation therapy before the second surgery. A 61-year-old woman underwent craniotomy for tumor resection for sellar meningioma in 2017, and postoperative imaging showed no residual in the surgical area. In 2022, the patient had a history of decreased vision again. MRI showed the possibility of postoperative pituitary adenoma in the sellar region. The patient underwent endoscopic resection of the skull base lesion again. After surgery, the patient's visual symptoms improved. Histology of the sellar tumor showed both meningioma (meningeal epithelial type and WHO grade I) and pituitary adenoma in the same section. The coexistence of meningioma and pituitary adenoma is a very rare surgical entity. This report provides a theoretical basis for the selection of intracerebral tumor surgery and provides a diagnostic basis and treatment reference for patients diagnosed with meningioma and pituitary adenoma at the same time.

Elevated SIRT3 Parkin-dependently activates cell mitophagy to ameliorate TNF-α-induced psoriasis-related phenotypes in HaCaT cells through deacetylating FOXO3a for its activation

Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is reported to be closely relevant to the pathogenesis of psoriasis, but its detailed functions and molecular mechanisms have not been fully studied. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms by which SIRT3 regulated the development of psoriasis. Specifically, we verified that SIRT3 was aberrantly downregulated in psoriasis-like skin tissues in mice models in vivo and TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT cells in vitro, compared to their corresponding normal counterparts. Functional experiments confirmed that upregulation of SIRT3 triggered cell mitophagy, restrained oxidative stress and inflammation, and inhibited excessive cell proliferation in the TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT cells in vitro, which were all ablated by co-treating cells with the mitophagy inhibitor 3-MA. Subsequently, the mechanism experiments uncovered that elevated SIRT3 deacetylated forkhead box class o 3A (FOXO3a) for its activation, which further activated the Parkin-dependent cell mitophagy in the HaCaT cells. Next, through performing the rescuing experiments, we validated that SIRT3 ameliorated TNF-α-induced psoriasis-associated phenotypes in the HaCaT cells via modulating the FOXO3a/Parkin signal pathway. Collectively, we concluded that SIRT3 triggered cell mitophagy through activating the FOXO3a/Parkin pathway to ameliorate TNF-α-induced psoriasis in the HaCaT cells, and this study provided evidences to support that SIRT3 could be used as important therapeutic target for the treatment of psoriasis.

Oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis induced by doxycycline in loach fin cells in vitro

Cytotoxicity, molecular function disorder, mitophagy, and apoptosis were studied in loach fin cells in vitro after exposure to doxycycline (DOX). The semi-lethal concentration of DOX in loach cells was calculated as 668.96 ± 2.83 mol/L. Loss of cell viability and increases in vacuoles and autolysosomes were evident in cells exposed to DOX at 200 and 400 μmol/L, and apoptotic bodies occurred at 600 μmol/L. In addition, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase, and Ca²⁺-ATPase activities increased significantly in cells exposed to 200 μmol/L DOX, and dose-dependent inhibitory effects on activities were observed in cells exposed to 400 and 600 μmol/L DOX. Quantitative gene expression showed that 400 and 600 μmol/L DOX could induce caspase-3- and caspase-8-mediated apoptosis as well as caspase-activated DNase in loach cells. Transcriptome sequencing in DOX vs. control groups found 16,288 differentially expressed genes, among which protein binding (2633, 31.91%) was the most significant in Gene Ontology terms. Furthermore, 11,930 genes were enriched in 298 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)pathways. The top three upregulated pathways included "lysosome", "protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum", and "proteasome". FPKM analysis indicated that most genes associated with autophagy and in "protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum", "TNF signaling pathway", and "NF-kappa B signaling pathway" were upregulated. This suggests that at lower concentrations, DOX induces reactive oxidative species (ROS) in loach fin cells to reduce cell proliferation. ROS in turn stimulate oxidant stress, ion excretion capability and mitophagy to maintain cell homeostasis. Apoptosis was induced in cells subjected to higher concentrations of DOX. The transcriptome data and pathways determined in this study will provide a foundation for the analysis of DOX toxicity in loach cells, which must be examined thoroughly to further understand the cytotoxic mechanism of antibiotics in fish cells.