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Cheung JM, Ji X, Ivers H, Morin CM. 0512 Impact of a Patient Decision-Aid When Selecting Insomnia Treatments and Factors Associated with Decisional Conflict: Preliminary Findings from an Ongoing Pragmatic Clinical Trial. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Preferences play an important role in determining insomnia treatment outcomes, but the validity of patient choice is rarely assessed. Uninformed preferences can lead to decisional conflict, which can negatively impact on treatment initiation, adherence, and subsequent outcomes. The current study aims to evaluate the impact of integrating a patient decision-aid as part of a pragmatic clinical trial and to identify baseline covariates associated with clinically significant decisional conflict (CSDC).
Methods
Secondary analysis of an ongoing pragmatic clinical trial for a two-stage cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) intervention was undertaken. Participants were referred from primary care clinics in Quebec City, Canada. Upon enrolment, participants were guided by a decision-aid, outlining the risks and benefits of prospective treatment options, when selecting their preferred arm of treatment in Phase 1. Options included SHUTi, SHUTi combined with an existing medication or continuing usual treatment with medication alone. Participants also completed a battery of sleep and mental health measures at baseline. Prior to treatment initiation, the 4-item SURE (Sure of myself; Understand information; Risk-Benefit ratio; Encouragement) scale was administered to screen for CSDC. Relationships between CSDC and baseline covariates were explored using Pearson correlations.
Results
Of the 55 participants initially enrolled, 94.5% (n=52) of participants preferentially selected SHUTi, either as sole treatment (n=24) or in combination with an existing medication (n=28), over usual treatment with medication alone (n=3). Overall, CSDC was only reported by 5.5% (n=3) of the sample population, with no group differences observed, suggesting effective clarification of treatment options through the decision-aid. Interestingly, higher SURE scores (i.e. less decisional conflict) were negatively correlated with depressive symptoms (r= -0.295, n= 55, p= 0.029) and anxiety symptoms (r= -0.301, n= 55, p= 0.026). Correlations with age, insomnia symptoms, duration of insomnia and fatigue were not statistically significant.
Conclusion
The patient decision-aid appeared to resolve decisional conflict for 94.5% (n=52) of participants. Findings allude to the potential influence of emotional status on information processing pathways in an insomnia context, warranting further research.
Support
Research supported by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR-IRSC:0441002152).
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Ji X, Cheung JM, Ivers H, Morin CM. 0536 Motivation at Pretreatment and its Correlates in a Trial of Digital CBT For Insomnia: Preliminary Findings. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Pretreatment motivation is a critical variable in any intervention seeking to modify behaviors. Lack of motivation may hamper the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), especially when delivered online. This study aims to investigate baseline correlates of pretreatment motivation and its influence on treatment outcomes in the context of digitalized CBT-I.
Methods
This is a secondary analysis of an ongoing pragmatic trial conducted in primary care clinics of Québec City, Canada. The trial was designed to assess the efficacy of a stepped-care intervention for chronic insomnia in which participants received a digital CBT-I (SHUTi), alone or in addition to sleep medication they were already using. Pre-treatment motivation was measured using two items based on the perceived importance of improving sleep and readiness to change behaviors to improve sleep (Score range: 0 to 20; cronbach’s alpha 0.79). Baseline questionnaires included an extended version of Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Fatigue Severity Scale (FFS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Treatment outcome was measured by a change in ISI scores (i.e. ISI post - ISI pre).
Results
A total of 28 participants were included in the analysis. All participants preferentially selected ISI either as monotherapy (n=13)or in combination with their usual sleep medication (n=15). Participants’ motivation before treatment was high (Mean: 18.04; SD: 1.93). We did not find any associations between motivation and ISI score change or incidence of dropout. However, baseline fatigue was positively correlated with pretreatment motivation (r = 0.51, p = 0.005) and more severe insomnia symptoms were also associated with higher motivation (r=0.43, p=0.03). Specifically, perceived importance was associated with both nighttime and daytime insomnia symptoms while readiness for behavioral change was only associated with daytime impairments on energy, mood and social activities (all p = 0.01). Baseline anxiety and depressive symptoms were not correlated with motivation.
Conclusion
Insomnia-related daytime impairments and elevated fatigue levels appear to be linked to pretreatment motivation, especially for behavioral changes. Further study with greater statistic power is warranted to understand the relationship between participants’ motivation and treatment adherence or outcomes.
Support
CIHR0083000212
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Ji X, Cui Z, Xiang Y, Zhang Q, Qin K, Tang B, Wei Y. Complete Genome Sequence Analysis of the Cold-active Siphoviridae Bacteriophage from Pseudomonas fluorescens. Microbiology (Reading) 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261720030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Abratenko P, Alrashed M, An R, Anthony J, Asaadi J, Ashkenazi A, Balasubramanian S, Baller B, Barnes C, Barr G, Basque V, Berkman S, Bhanderi A, Bhat A, Bishai M, Blake A, Bolton T, Camilleri L, Caratelli D, Caro Terrazas I, Castillo Fernandez R, Cavanna F, Cerati G, Chen Y, Church E, Cianci D, Cohen E, Conrad J, Convery M, Cooper-Troendle L, Crespo-Anadón J, Del Tutto M, Devitt D, Domine L, Duffy K, Dytman S, Eberly B, Ereditato A, Escudero Sanchez L, Evans J, Fitzpatrick R, Fleming B, Foppiani N, Franco D, Furmanski A, Garcia-Gamez D, Gardiner S, Genty V, Goeldi D, Gollapinni S, Goodwin O, Gramellini E, Green P, Greenlee H, Gu L, Gu W, Guenette R, Guzowski P, Hamilton P, Hen O, Hill C, Horton-Smith G, Hourlier A, Huang EC, Itay R, James C, Jan de Vries J, Ji X, Jiang L, Jo J, Johnson R, Joshi J, Jwa YJ, Karagiorgi G, Ketchum W, Kirby B, Kirby M, Kobilarcik T, Kreslo I, LaZur R, Lepetic I, Li Y, Lister A, Littlejohn B, Lockwitz S, Lorca D, Louis W, Luethi M, Lundberg B, Luo X, Marchionni A, Marcocci S, Mariani C, Marshall J, Martin-Albo J, Martinez Caicedo D, Mason K, Mastbaum A, McConkey N, Meddage V, Mettler T, Miller K, Mills J, Mistry K, Mogan A, Mohayai T, Moon J, Mooney M, Moore C, Mousseau J, Murrells R, Naples D, Neely R, Nienaber P, Nowak J, Palamara O, Pandey V, Paolone V, Papadopoulou A, Papavassiliou V, Pate S, Paudel A, Pavlovic Z, Piasetzky E, Porzio D, Prince S, Pulliam G, Qian X, Raaf J, Radeka V, Rafique A, Ren L, Rochester L, Rogers H, Ross-Lonergan M, Rudolf von Rohr C, Russell B, Scanavini G, Schmitz D, Schukraft A, Seligman W, Shaevitz M, Sharankova R, Sinclair J, Smith A, Snider E, Soderberg M, Söldner-Rembold S, Soleti S, Spentzouris P, Spitz J, Stancari M, John JS, Strauss T, Sutton K, Sword-Fehlberg S, Szelc A, Tagg N, Tang W, Terao K, Thornton R, Toups M, Tsai YT, Tufanli S, Uchida M, Usher T, Van De Pontseele W, Van de Water R, Viren B, Weber M, Wei H, Wickremasinghe D, Williams Z, Wolbers S, Wongjirad T, Woodruff K, Wospakrik M, Wu W, Yang T, Yarbrough G, Yates L, Zeller G, Zennamo J, Zhang C. Search for heavy neutral leptons decaying into muon-pion pairs in the MicroBooNE detector. Int J Clin Exp Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.101.052001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sun Q, Wang Q, Wang X, Ji X, Sang S, Shao S, Zhao Y, Xiang Y, Xue Y, Li J, Wang G, Lv M, Xue F, Qiu C, Du Y. Prevalence and cardiovascular risk factors of asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis: the Kongcun Town Study in Shandong, China. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:729-735. [PMID: 31872951 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study was to investigate the prevalence and cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) of asymptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (aICAS) amongst middle-aged and older adults living in rural communities in China. METHODS This population-based study included 2019 subjects (aged ≥40 years, 52.3% women) who were free of stroke and living in rural communities in China. From October 2017 to May 2018, data on demographics, CRFs and health conditions were collected through face-to-face interviews, physical examination and laboratory tests. Asymptomatic ICAS was detected through a two-phase procedure: a screening phase with transcranial Doppler ultrasound, followed by a diagnostic phase with magnetic resonance angiography examination. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyse CRFs associated with aICAS. RESULTS Of the 2019 participants, aICAS was detected in 153 persons. The overall prevalence of aICAS was 7.6%, and the prevalence of moderate-to-severe aICAS was 5.0%. The multi-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of aICAS associated with CRFs was 2.40 (1.56-3.69) for hypertension, 1.91 (1.32-2.76) for high hypersensitive C-reactive protein, 1.68 (1.14-2.49) for diabetes and 1.61 (1.08-2.41) for overweight or obesity. When these four CRFs were aggregated, compared with participants without any of these factors, the multi-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of aICAS for persons concurrently having one, two and three or more of these factors were 1.14 (0.52-2.48), 2.91 (1.42-5.99) and 5.51 (2.64-11.50), respectively (P for linear trend <0.001). CONCLUSIONS Asymptomatic ICAS is common amongst rural-dwelling middle-aged and older Chinese people. Hypertension, diabetes, overweight or obesity and high hypersensitive C-reactive protein, especially when coexisting, are strongly associated with aICAS.
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Hao JP, Shi H, Zhang J, Zhang CM, Feng YM, Qie LY, Dong M, Ji X. Role of GSPE in improving early cerebral vascular damage by inhibition of Profilin-1 expression in a ouabain-induced hypertension model. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:6999-7012. [PMID: 30402867 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201810_16171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE), as one of the most popular natural drug extracted from the grape, has been reported to improve endothelial function and arteriosclerosis. However, little is known about the influence of GSPE on hypertension and vascular remodeling. Profilin-1, an Actin-binding protein, is closely involved in the remodeling of large vessels in ouabain-induced hypertension. To date, there is no effective prevention or treatment in place for the high incidence of ischemic stroke associated with hypertension. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of GSPE via inhibition Profilin-1 in ischemic cerebral cortices of ouabain-hypertension rats and potentially provide a new target to prevent stroke associated with hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS The blood pressure of male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was measured during a period of ouabain-induced hypertension. The expression of Profilin-1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the cerebral cortex were determined by quantitative Real Time-PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Histopathological and behavioral tests were also conducted. RESULTS Blood pressure elevation started at week 5 and reached clinical standards for hypertension at week 8. GSPE was proved to suppress Profilin-1 and VEGF levels through inhibition of Profilin-1-protein kinase B (AKT)-hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) signal pathway and promote eNOS expression. Moreover, the histopathological and ethiological improvement was observed in GSPE over-expression and Profilin-1 inhibition groups. CONCLUSIONS We detected that GSPE could improve cerebral vascular damage through inhibiting Profilin-1 in an ouabain-induced hypertension model.
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Ding L, Yang Z, Liu G, Ran N, Yi M, Li H, Zhao H, Tang L, Cheng H, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Ji X, Liu S. Safety and efficacy of taurine as an add-on treatment for tics in youngsters. Eur J Neurol 2019; 27:490-497. [PMID: 31618495 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The pathophysiological model of tics generally describes disruption of γ-aminobutyric acid transmission, and taurine is found to be an agonist of γ-aminobutyric acid receptors. The study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of taurine as an add-on treatment for tics. METHODS Four hundred and four youngsters with tic disorders were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of either oral taurine or placebo. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale was used to measure tic severity. The primary outcome measure was global severity scores reduced by more than 60% compared with baseline scores. RESULTS Three hundred and eighty-two patients were successfully treated. At week 4, no significant differences were found in the treatment effect and the total occurrence of adverse drug reactions between the taurine and placebo groups. At week 12, the proportion of significant improvement in tics was significantly higher in the taurine group than the placebo group (53.4% with taurine versus 34.5% without taurine; relative risk 1.546; P < 0.001), and no group differences were found in the total occurrence of adverse drug reactions. CONCLUSIONS Taurine is safe and effective for tics.
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Xing J, Ji X, Sun Y, Zhu L, Jiang Q, Guo X, Liu J. Preparation and immunological characterization of an inactivated canine Clostridium perfringens type A vaccine. Lett Appl Microbiol 2019; 69:385-390. [PMID: 31529707 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens is the main cause of sudden death in dogs and currently there is no vaccine to prevent it. In this study, a canine C. perfringens type A strain was used to prepare a vaccine. C. perfringens was inactivated by formaldehyde and adjuvants were added. The safety and immunological characteristics of the inactivated C. perfringens vaccine were evaluated in mice and dogs. The results showed that the C. perfringens vaccine was safe and had immunoprotective activity. The serum antibody titre of immunized mice reached up to 6·25 × 104 . Both single immunization of 4 ml and dual immunizations of 2 ml each provided good immune protection, with five of five immunized dogs surviving. This study also studied a detoxified crude α-toxin extract vaccine. The results showed that a single immunization with 0·5 ml of the detoxified crude α-toxin extract vaccine provided immune protection, with five of five immunized dogs surviving. The inactivated C. perfringens type A vaccine can be used to prevent canine C. perfringens infections. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Clostridium perfringens is the main cause of sudden death in dogs and currently there is no vaccine to prevent it. In this study, an inactivated canine C. perfringens vaccine and a detoxified crude α-toxin vaccine were prepared. The safety and protective effects of these vaccines were evaluated using mouse and dog models. The vaccines were shown to be safe and to provide immune protection effects that can be used to prevent canine C. perfringens infection.
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Wang G, Yang X, Duan J, Zhang N, Maya MM, Xie Y, Bi X, Ji X, Li D, Yang Q, Fan Z. Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: MR Black-Blood Thrombus Imaging with Enhanced Blood Signal Suppression. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1725-1730. [PMID: 31558501 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The residual blood flow artifact is a critical confounder for MR black-blood thrombus imaging of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. This study aimed to conduct a validation of a new MR black-blood thrombus imaging technique with enhanced blood signal suppression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-six participants (13 volunteers and 13 patients) underwent conventional imaging methods followed by 2 randomized black-blood thrombus imaging scans, with a preoptimized delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation (DANTE) preparation switched on and off, respectively. The signal intensity of residual blood, thrombus, brain parenchyma, normal lumen, and noise on black-blood thrombus images were measured. The thrombus volume, SNR of residual blood, and contrast-to-noise ratio for residual blood versus normal lumen, thrombus versus residual blood, and brain parenchyma versus normal lumen were compared between the 2 black-blood thrombus imaging techniques. Segmental diagnosis of venous sinus thrombosis was evaluated for each black-blood thrombus imaging technique using a combination of conventional imaging techniques as a reference. RESULTS In the volunteer group, the SNR of residual blood (11.3 ± 2.9 versus 54.0 ± 23.4, P < .001) and residual blood-to-normal lumen contrast-to-noise ratio (7.5 ± 3.4 versus 49.2 ± 23.3, P < .001) were significantly reduced using the DANTE preparation. In the patient group, the SNR of residual blood (16.4 ± 8.0 versus 75.0 ± 35.1, P = .002) and residual blood-to-normal lumen contrast-to-noise ratio (12.4 ± 7.8 versus 68.8 ± 35.4, P = .002) were also significantly lower on DANTE-prepared black-blood thrombus imaging. The new black-blood thrombus imaging technique provided higher thrombus-to-residual blood contrast-to-noise ratio, significantly lower thrombus volume, and substantially improved diagnostic specificity and agreement with conventional imaging methods. CONCLUSIONS DANTE-prepared black-blood thrombus imaging is a reliable MR imaging technique for diagnosing cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.
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Abratenko P, Adams C, Alrashed M, An R, Anthony J, Asaadi J, Ashkenazi A, Auger M, Balasubramanian S, Baller B, Barnes C, Barr G, Bass M, Bay F, Bhat A, Bhattacharya K, Bishai M, Blake A, Bolton T, Camilleri L, Caratelli D, Caro Terrazas I, Carr R, Castillo Fernandez R, Cavanna F, Cerati G, Chen Y, Church E, Cianci D, Cohen EO, Collin GH, Conrad JM, Convery M, Cooper-Troendle L, Crespo-Anadón JI, Del Tutto M, Devitt D, Diaz A, Domine L, Duffy K, Dytman S, Eberly B, Ereditato A, Escudero Sanchez L, Esquivel J, Evans JJ, Fitzpatrick RS, Fleming BT, Franco D, Furmanski AP, Garcia-Gamez D, Genty V, Goeldi D, Gollapinni S, Goodwin O, Gramellini E, Greenlee H, Grosso R, Gu L, Gu W, Guenette R, Guzowski P, Hackenburg A, Hamilton P, Hen O, Hill C, Horton-Smith GA, Hourlier A, Huang EC, James C, Jan de Vries J, Ji X, Jiang L, Johnson RA, Joshi J, Jostlein H, Jwa YJ, Karagiorgi G, Ketchum W, Kirby B, Kirby M, Kobilarcik T, Kreslo I, Lepetic I, Li Y, Lister A, Littlejohn BR, Lockwitz S, Lorca D, Louis WC, Luethi M, Lundberg B, Luo X, Marchionni A, Marcocci S, Mariani C, Marshall J, Martin-Albo J, Martinez Caicedo DA, Mason K, Mastbaum A, Meddage V, Mettler T, Mills J, Mistry K, Mogan A, Moon J, Mooney M, Moore CD, Mousseau J, Murphy M, Murrells R, Naples D, Nienaber P, Nowak J, Palamara O, Pandey V, Paolone V, Papadopoulou A, Papavassiliou V, Pate SF, Pavlovic Z, Piasetzky E, Porzio D, Pulliam G, Qian X, Raaf JL, Rafique A, Ren L, Rochester L, Rogers HE, Ross-Lonergan M, Rudolf von Rohr C, Russell B, Scanavini G, Schmitz DW, Schukraft A, Seligman W, Shaevitz MH, Sharankova R, Sinclair J, Smith A, Snider EL, Soderberg M, Söldner-Rembold S, Soleti SR, Spentzouris P, Spitz J, Stancari M, John JS, Strauss T, Sutton K, Sword-Fehlberg S, Szelc AM, Tagg N, Tang W, Terao K, Thomson M, Thornton RT, Toups M, Tsai YT, Tufanli S, Usher T, Van De Pontseele W, Van de Water RG, Viren B, Weber M, Wei H, Wickremasinghe DA, Wierman K, Williams Z, Wolbers S, Wongjirad T, Woodruff K, Wu W, Yang T, Yarbrough G, Yates LE, Zeller GP, Zennamo J, Zhang C. First Measurement of Inclusive Muon Neutrino Charged Current Differential Cross Sections on Argon at E_{ν}∼0.8 GeV with the MicroBooNE Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:131801. [PMID: 31697542 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.131801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurement of the double-differential and total muon neutrino charged current inclusive cross sections on argon at a mean neutrino energy of 0.8 GeV. Data were collected using the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber located in the Fermilab Booster neutrino beam and correspond to 1.6×10^{20} protons on target of exposure. The measured differential cross sections are presented as a function of muon momentum, using multiple Coulomb scattering as a momentum measurement technique, and the muon angle with respect to the beam direction. We compare the measured cross sections to multiple neutrino event generators and find better agreement with those containing more complete treatment of quasielastic scattering processes at low Q^{2}. The total flux integrated cross section is measured to be 0.693±0.010(stat)±0.165(syst)×10^{-38} cm^{2}.
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Sha Y, Xie Y, Chen ZJ, Yang XY, Luo J, Zhang BL, Zhang X, Ji X, Li ZM. [Interference research of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on the pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis rats]. ZHONGHUA LAO DONG WEI SHENG ZHI YE BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LAODONG WEISHENG ZHIYEBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 2019; 37:401-407. [PMID: 31256519 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effect of the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(UC-MSCs) on the pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis rats. Methods: SPF male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, silica model group and UC-MSCs treatment group with 12 rats each group. SiO(2) intra-tracheal injection(0.5 ml of 50 mg/ml/rat) were applied to silica model group and UC-MSCs treatment groups. After that UC-MSCs treatment group received 1 ml UC-MSCs suspension (3×10(6) cells/ml) by tail vein injection on the 29th, 36th, 43th and 50th day after exposure to the first silica suspension. On the 60th and 75th day after exposure to silica suspension, all animals were examed for pulmonary CT. Then the rats were euthanized on 75th day after the first exposure to silica.Lung's histopathological examination of the rats from all the groups were carried out. The content of hydroxyproline in lungs, TGF-β1 and IL-6 in serum were examined. Results: The lung's histopathological examination showed no obvious inflammatory cell and no fibrosis in the lung tissue of the control group, there were a lot of inflammatory cell aggregation and collagen fiber deposition in silica model group, while in the UC-MSCs intervention group and treatment group, there were less inflammatory cells and collagen fiber. The rats from silica model groups had higher HYP, TGF-β1 and IL-6 than the rats from UC-MSCs treatment group and control group. Lung fields of rats in the control group were clear and no obvious high-density shadow. Different-sized granular high-density shadows or reticular fibrous shadows were found diffusely distributed in the lungs of the rats in silica model group. Lung field of rats in UC-MSCs intervention group and treatment group were less high density shadows, and more clear. Conclusion: UC-MSCs can alleviate the pulmonary fibrosis in silica model rats through regulating the secretion of some fibrosis related cytokines.
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Ashenfelter J, Balantekin AB, Band HR, Bass CD, Bergeron DE, Berish D, Bowden NS, Brodsky JP, Bryan CD, Cherwinka JJ, Classen T, Conant AJ, Cox AA, Davee D, Dean D, Deichert G, Diwan MV, Dolinski MJ, Erickson A, Febbraro M, Foust BT, Gaison JK, Galindo-Uribarri A, Gilbert CE, Gilje KE, Hackett BT, Hans S, Hansell AB, Heeger KM, Insler J, Jaffe DE, Ji X, Jones DC, Kyzylova O, Lane CE, Langford TJ, LaRosa J, Littlejohn BR, Lu X, Martinez Caicedo DA, Matta JT, McKeown RD, Mendenhall MP, Minock JM, Mueller PE, Mumm HP, Napolitano J, Neilson R, Nikkel JA, Norcini D, Nour S, Pushin DA, Qian X, Romero-Romero E, Rosero R, Sarenac D, Surukuchi PT, Telles AB, Tyra MA, Varner RL, Viren B, White C, Wilhelmi J, Wise T, Yeh M, Yen YR, Zhang A, Zhang C, Zhang X. Measurement of the Antineutrino Spectrum from ^{235}U Fission at HFIR with PROSPECT. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:251801. [PMID: 31347897 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.251801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports the first measurement of the ^{235}U ν[over ¯]_{e} energy spectrum by PROSPECT, the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum experiment, operating 7.9 m from the 85 MW_{th} highly enriched uranium (HEU) High Flux Isotope Reactor. With a surface-based, segmented detector, PROSPECT has observed 31678±304(stat) ν[over ¯]_{e}-induced inverse beta decays, the largest sample from HEU fission to date, 99% of which are attributed to ^{235}U. Despite broad agreement, comparison of the Huber ^{235}U model to the measured spectrum produces a χ^{2}/ndf=51.4/31, driven primarily by deviations in two localized energy regions. The measured ^{235}U spectrum shape is consistent with a deviation relative to prediction equal in size to that observed at low-enriched uranium power reactors in the ν[over ¯]_{e} energy region of 5-7 MeV.
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Adams C, Alrashed M, An R, Anthony J, Asaadi J, Ashkenazi A, Auger M, Balasubramanian S, Baller B, Barnes C, Barr G, Bass M, Bay F, Bhat A, Bhattacharya K, Bishai M, Blake A, Bolton T, Camilleri L, Caratelli D, Caro Terrazas I, Carr R, Castillo Fernandez R, Cavanna F, Cerati G, Chen H, Chen Y, Church E, Cianci D, Cohen E, Collin G, Conrad J, Convery M, Cooper-Troendle L, Crespo-Anadón J, Del Tutto M, Devitt D, Diaz A, Duffy K, Dytman S, Eberly B, Ereditato A, Escudero Sanchez L, Esquivel J, Evans J, Fadeeva A, Fitzpatrick R, Fleming B, Franco D, Furmanski A, Garcia-Gamez D, Genty V, Goeldi D, Gollapinni S, Goodwin O, Gramellini E, Greenlee H, Grosso R, Guenette R, Guzowski P, Hackenburg A, Hamilton P, Hen O, Hewes J, Hill C, Horton-Smith G, Hourlier A, Huang EC, James C, Jan de Vries J, Ji X, Jiang L, Johnson R, Joshi J, Jostlein H, Jwa YJ, Karagiorgi G, Ketchum W, Kirby B, Kirby M, Kobilarcik T, Kreslo I, Lepetic I, Li Y, Lister A, Littlejohn B, Lockwitz S, Lorca D, Louis W, Luethi M, Lundberg B, Luo X, Marchionni A, Marcocci S, Mariani C, Marshall J, Martin-Albo J, Martinez Caicedo D, Mastbaum A, Meddage V, Mettler T, Mistry K, Mogan A, Moon J, Mooney M, Moore C, Mousseau J, Murphy M, Murrells R, Naples D, Nienaber P, Nowak J, Palamara O, Pandey V, Paolone V, Papadopoulou A, Papavassiliou V, Pate S, Pavlovic Z, Piasetzky E, Porzio D, Pulliam G, Qian X, Raaf J, Rafique A, Ren L, Rochester L, Ross-Lonergan M, Rudolf von Rohr C, Russell B, Scanavini G, Schmitz D, Schukraft A, Seligman W, Shaevitz M, Sharankova R, Sinclair J, Smith A, Snider E, Soderberg M, Söldner-Rembold S, Soleti S, Spentzouris P, Spitz J, John JS, Strauss T, Sutton K, Sword-Fehlberg S, Szelc A, Tagg N, Tang W, Terao K, Thomson M, Thornton R, Toups M, Tsai YT, Tufanli S, Usher T, Van De Pontseele W, Van de Water R, Viren B, Weber M, Wei H, Wickremasinghe D, Wierman K, Williams Z, Wolbers S, Wongjirad T, Woodruff K, Yang T, Yarbrough G, Yates L, Zeller G, Zennamo J, Zhang C. First measurement of
νμ
charged-current
π0
production on argon with the MicroBooNE detector. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.091102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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64
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Lu D, Liu X, Feng S, Dong X, Shi X, Ji X, Fang T, Wang Z, Hong Z, Ye Y, Ren P, Diao D, Wu H, Xiong G, Wang H, Li M, Cai K. IDENTIFICATION OF THE RELATIVELY FIXED INTRATHORACIC ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS FOR ESOPHAGEAL SEGMENTATION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY FROM SOUTHERN CHINA. Chest 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.02.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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65
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Li Q, Luo L, Lu X, Ji X, Ji D, Feng H, Jiang S. PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS OF SERUM PROTEINS AT THE ONSET OF ARDS IN PATIENTS. Chest 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.02.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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66
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Waldburger D, Mayer AS, Alfieri CGE, Nürnberg J, Johnson AR, Ji X, Klenner A, Okawachi Y, Lipson M, Gaeta AL, Keller U. Tightly locked optical frequency comb from a semiconductor disk laser. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:1786-1797. [PMID: 30732226 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.001786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast semiconductor disk lasers (SDLs) passively modelocked using semiconductor saturable absorbers mirrors (SESAMs) generate optical frequency combs (OFCs) with gigahertz line spacings - a regime where solid-state and fiber lasers struggle with geometrical and Q-switching limitations. We stabilized both the frequency comb spacing and the offset without any additional external optical amplification or pulse compression. The overall noise performance is competitive with other gigahertz OFCs. A SESAM-modelocked vertical external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL) at a center wavelength around 1 µm generates 122-fs pulses with 160 mW average output power and we only needed 17-pJ pulse energy coupled into a silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguide for supercontinuum generation (SCG) and OFC offset stabilization.
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Ashenfelter J, Balantekin AB, Baldenegro C, Band HR, Bass CD, Bergeron DE, Berish D, Bignell LJ, Bowden NS, Bricco J, Brodsky JP, Bryan CD, Bykadorova Telles A, Cherwinka JJ, Classen T, Commeford K, Conant AJ, Cox AA, Davee D, Dean D, Deichert G, Diwan MV, Dolinski MJ, Erickson A, Febbraro M, Foust BT, Gaison JK, Galindo-Uribarri A, Gilbert CE, Gilje KE, Glenn A, Goddard BW, Hackett BT, Han K, Hans S, Hansell AB, Heeger KM, Heffron B, Insler J, Jaffe DE, Ji X, Jones DC, Koehler K, Kyzylova O, Lane CE, Langford TJ, LaRosa J, Littlejohn BR, Lopez F, Lu X, Martinez Caicedo DA, Matta JT, McKeown RD, Mendenhall MP, Miller HJ, Minock JM, Mueller PE, Mumm HP, Napolitano J, Neilson R, Nikkel JA, Norcini D, Nour S, Pushin DA, Qian X, Romero-Romero E, Rosero R, Sarenac D, Seilhan BS, Sharma R, Surukuchi PT, Trinh C, Tyra MA, Varner RL, Viren B, Wagner JM, Wang W, White B, White C, Wilhelmi J, Wise T, Yao H, Yeh M, Yen YR, Zhang A, Zhang C, Zhang X, Zhao M. First Search for Short-Baseline Neutrino Oscillations at HFIR with PROSPECT. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:251802. [PMID: 30608854 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.251802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports the first scientific results from the observation of antineutrinos emitted by fission products of ^{235}U at the High Flux Isotope Reactor. PROSPECT, the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment, consists of a segmented 4 ton ^{6}Li-doped liquid scintillator detector covering a baseline range of 7-9 m from the reactor and operating under less than 1 m water equivalent overburden. Data collected during 33 live days of reactor operation at a nominal power of 85 MW yield a detection of 25 461±283 (stat) inverse beta decays. Observation of reactor antineutrinos can be achieved in PROSPECT at 5σ statistical significance within 2 h of on-surface reactor-on data taking. A reactor model independent analysis of the inverse beta decay prompt energy spectrum as a function of baseline constrains significant portions of the previously allowed sterile neutrino oscillation parameter space at 95% confidence level and disfavors the best fit of the reactor antineutrino anomaly at 2.2σ confidence level.
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68
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Ji X, Zheng W, Zhang Q, He J, Yao W. 194 Lactulose and hydrogen-rich water protect against fusarium mycotoxin-induced intestinal injury in female piglets. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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69
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Sun W, Li W, Ji X, Li H, Qin K, Wei Y. Cold-Adapted Bacterial Diversity in Mingyong Glacier based on Combination Analysis of Fatty Acids and 16S rRNA Gene Sequence. Microbiology (Reading) 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261718060164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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70
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Ji X, Takahashi M, Morino S, Takakuwa T, Iijima H, Zhang X, Ishihara M, Kawagoe M, Hatanaka Y, Umezaki F, Yamashita M, Tsuboyama T, Aoyama T. Postpartum radiographic changes in pelvic morphology and its relation with symptoms of pregnancy-related symphysis pain. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2018. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog3964.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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71
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Ji X, Hu X, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Lin L, Xing P, Hao X, Wang Y, Li J. P3.01-47 Clinical Characteristics and Outcome for Patients with Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma Treated with First-Line Pemetrexed Plus Platinum. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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72
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Ji X, Zhu D, Pikielny C, Gorlova O, Landi M, Field J, Brennan P, Johansson M, Hung R, Mckay J, Amos C. MA06.10 Germline Mutation in ATM Affect Lung Cancer Risk with High Effect. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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73
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Ghanem LR, Kromer A, Silverman IM, Ji X, Gazzara M, Nguyen N, Aguilar G, Martinelli M, Barash Y, Liebhaber SA. Poly(C)-Binding Protein Pcbp2 Enables Differentiation of Definitive Erythropoiesis by Directing Functional Splicing of the Runx1 Transcript. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:e00175-18. [PMID: 29866654 PMCID: PMC6066754 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00175-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of the mammalian hematopoietic system is under a complex set of developmental controls. Here, we report that mouse embryos lacking the KH domain poly(C) binding protein, Pcbp2, are selectively deficient in the definitive erythroid lineage. Compared to wild-type controls, transcript splicing analysis of the Pcbp2-/- embryonic liver reveals accentuated exclusion of an exon (exon 6) that encodes a highly conserved transcriptional control segment of the hematopoietic master regulator, Runx1. Embryos rendered homozygous for a Runx1 locus lacking this cassette exon (Runx1ΔE6) effectively phenocopy the loss of the definitive erythroid lineage in Pcbp2-/- embryos. These data support a model in which enhancement of Runx1 cassette exon 6 inclusion by Pcbp2 serves a critical role in development of hematopoietic progenitors and constitutes a critical step in the developmental pathway of the definitive erythropoietic lineage.
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74
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Han Y, Li X, Ma C, Ji X, Li T, Zheng X, Zhang J, Yan J, Zhang D, Bai J. Seed targeting with tiny anti-miR-1297 inhibits EMT in melanoma cells. J Drug Target 2018; 27:75-81. [PMID: 29873263 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1481412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that have tissue- and cell-specific expression. They have the ability to regulate the malignant proliferation and transformation of tumour cells. The research focussed on the expression and role of miR-1297 in melanoma. We firstly found that miR-1297 is up-regulated in melanoma tissues and cell lines. Functionally, phosphatase and tension homology deleted on chromsome ten gene (PTEN) was used as a potential target for miR-1297 and detected using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). We then used chemical synthesis of anti-miR1297 to explore the influence on melanoma cells and examined the effects on A375 cell proliferation using MTT and western blotting methods. The results showed that anti-miR-1297 transfected A375 cells could inhibit the growth. Furthermore, transfection with anti-miR-1297 reduced PTEN protein expression and partially restrained A375 cells proliferation, migration and reversed Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) progression. In conclusion, we tentatively put forward that miR-1297 might be the key oncomiR in melanoma, and seed-targeted anti-miR-1297 might serve as a new tactic for miR-1297-based therapies.
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75
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Grevet JD, Lan X, Hamagami N, Edwards CR, Sankaranarayanan L, Ji X, Bhardwaj SK, Face CJ, Posocco DF, Abdulmalik O, Keller CA, Giardine B, Sidoli S, Garcia BA, Chou ST, Liebhaber SA, Hardison RC, Shi J, Blobel GA. Domain-focused CRISPR screen identifies HRI as a fetal hemoglobin regulator in human erythroid cells. Science 2018; 361:285-290. [PMID: 30026227 PMCID: PMC6257981 DOI: 10.1126/science.aao0932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Increasing fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels in adult red blood cells provides clinical benefit to patients with sickle cell disease and some forms of β-thalassemia. To identify potentially druggable HbF regulators in adult human erythroid cells, we employed a protein kinase domain-focused CRISPR-Cas9-based genetic screen with a newly optimized single-guide RNA scaffold. The screen uncovered the heme-regulated inhibitor HRI (also known as EIF2AK1), an erythroid-specific kinase that controls protein translation, as an HbF repressor. HRI depletion markedly increased HbF production in a specific manner and reduced sickling in cultured erythroid cells. Diminished expression of the HbF repressor BCL11A accounted in large part for the effects of HRI depletion. Taken together, these results suggest HRI as a potential therapeutic target for hemoglobinopathies.
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76
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Ji X, Saylor J, Liu J. 0811 The Association between Habitual Midday Napping and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Adolescents. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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77
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Liu J, Ji X, Wang G, Li Y, Pinto Martin J. 0815 Child Behavioral Problems Mediate The Relationship Between Maternal Emotions During The Prenatal And Postnatal Period And Kindergarten Children’S Sleep Disturbances. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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78
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Liu J, Wang G, Ji X, Cui N, Liu X. 0834 Agreement Between Parent And Child Self-report Of Sleep Problems In Chinese Children. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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79
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Ji X, Humenik J, Yang D, Liebhaber SA. PolyC-binding proteins enhance expression of the CDK2 cell cycle regulatory protein via alternative splicing. Nucleic Acids Res 2018; 46:2030-2044. [PMID: 29253178 PMCID: PMC5829739 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx1255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The PolyC binding proteins (PCBPs) impact alternative splicing of a subset of mammalian genes that are enriched in basic cellular functions. Here, we focus our analysis on PCBP-controlled cassette exon-splicing within the cell cycle control regulator cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (CDK2) transcript. We demonstrate that PCBP binding to a C-rich polypyrimidine tract (PPT) preceding exon 5 of the CDK2 transcript enhances cassette exon inclusion. This splice enhancement is U2AF65-independent and predominantly reflects actions of the PCBP1 isoform. Remarkably, PCBPs' control of CDK2 ex5 splicing has evolved subsequent to mammalian divergence via conversion of constitutive exon 5 inclusion in the mouse CDK2 transcript to PCBP-responsive exon 5 alternative splicing in humans. Importantly, exclusion of exon 5 from the hCDK2 transcript dramatically represses the expression of CDK2 protein with a corresponding perturbation in cell cycle kinetics. These data highlight a recently evolved post-transcriptional pathway in primate species with the potential to modulate cell cycle control.
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80
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Bi Z, Sun C, Börjesson S, Chen B, Ji X, Berglund B, Wang M, Nilsson M, Yin H, Sun Q, Hulth A, Wang Y, Wu C, Bi Z, Nilsson LE. Identical genotypes of community-associated MRSA (ST59) and livestock-associated MRSA (ST9) in humans and pigs in rural China. Zoonoses Public Health 2018; 65:367-371. [PMID: 29377579 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the prevalence of MRSA in samples taken in households, with and without backyard pigs in villages in a rural area of Shandong Province, China. Community-associated MRSA and livestock-associated MRSA, belonging to ST59 and ST9, respectively, were identified in both humans and pigs. The genotypic and phenotypic comparison of isolates indicates that bidirectional transmission of MRSA has occurred between humans and pigs in the villages.
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81
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Lu P, Ji X, Wan J, Xu H. Activity of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells is Associated with Chronic Inflammation and Dysregulated Metabolic Homoeostasis in Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy. Scand J Immunol 2018; 87:99-107. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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82
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Gao DY, Ji X, Wang JL, Wang YT, Li DL, Liu YB, Chang KW, Qu JL, Zheng J, Yuan Z. Engineering a protein-based nanoplatform as an antibacterial agent for light activated dual-modal photothermal and photodynamic therapy of infection in both the NIR I and II windows. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:732-739. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02990j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-small protein-based nanoparticles with absorption in both the NIR I and II biological windows were designed as new photoactivatable antibacterial agents.
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83
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Wang Q, Cao P, Qi X, Yu T, Ji X, Xie L, An Q. General-purpose readout electronics for white neutron source at China Spallation Neutron Source. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:013511. [PMID: 29390715 DOI: 10.1063/1.5006346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The under-construction White Neutron Source (WNS) at China Spallation Neutron Source is a facility for accurate measurements of neutron-induced cross section. Seven spectrometers are planned at WNS. As the physical objectives of each spectrometer are different, the requirements for readout electronics are not the same. In order to simplify the development of the readout electronics, this paper presents a general method for detector signal readout. This method has advantages of expansibility and flexibility, which makes it adaptable to most detectors at WNS. In the WNS general-purpose readout electronics, signals from any kinds of detectors are conditioned by a dedicated signal conditioning module corresponding to this detector, and then digitized by a common waveform digitizer with high speed and high precision (1 GSPS at 12-bit) to obtain the full waveform data. The waveform digitizer uses a field programmable gate array chip to process the data stream and trigger information in real time. PXI Express platform is used to support the functionalities of data readout, clock distribution, and trigger information exchange between digitizers and trigger modules. Test results show that the performance of the WNS general-purpose readout electronics can meet the requirements of the WNS spectrometers.
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84
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Ji X, Can TV, Mentink-Vigier F, Bornet A, Milani J, Vuichoud B, Caporini MA, Griffin RG, Jannin S, Goldman M, Bodenhausen G. Overhauser effects in non-conducting solids at 1.2 K. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2018; 286:138-142. [PMID: 29241045 PMCID: PMC5767554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, it was observed that protons in non-conducting solids doped with 1,3-bisdiphenylene-2-phenylallyl (BDPA) or its sulfonated derivative (SA-BDPA) can be polarized through Overhauser effects via resonant microwave irradiation. These effects were present under magic angle spinning conditions in magnetic fields between 5 and 18.8 T and at temperatures near 100 K. This communication reports similar effects in static samples at 6.7 T and, more importantly, at temperatures as low as 1.2 K, in a different dynamic regime than in the previous study. Our results provide new information towards understanding the mechanism of the Overhauser effect in non-conducting solids. We discuss possible origins of the fluctuations that can give rise to an Overhauser effect at such low temperatures.
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85
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Zhou D, Meng R, Zhang X, Guo L, Li S, Wu W, Duan J, Song H, Ding Y, Ji X. Intracranial hypertension induced by internal jugular vein stenosis can be resolved by stenting. Eur J Neurol 2017; 25:365-e13. [PMID: 29114973 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by abnormally elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) without identifiable etiology. Recently, however, a subset of patients with presumed IIH have been found with isolated internal jugular vein (IJV) stenosis in the absence of intracranial abnormalities. METHODS Fifteen consecutive patients were screened from 46 patients suspected as IIH and were finally confirmed as isolated IJV stenosis. The stenotic IJV was corrected with stenting when the trans-stenotic mean pressure gradient (∆MPG) was equal to or higher than 5.44 cmH2 O. Dynamic magnetic resonance venography, computed tomographic venography and digital subtraction angiography of the IJV, ∆MPG, ICP, Headache Impact Test 6 and the Frisén papilledema grade score before and after stenting were compared. RESULTS All the stenotic IJVs were corrected by stenting. ∆MPG decreased and the abnormal collateral veins disappeared or shrank immediately. Headache, tinnitus, papilledema and ICP were significantly ameliorated at 14 ± 3 days of follow-up (all P < 0.01). At 12 ± 5.6 months of outpatient follow-up, headache disappeared in 14 out of 15 patients (93.3%), visual impairments were recovered in 10 of 12 patients (83.3%) and tinnitus resolved in 10 out of 11 patients (90.9%). In 12 out of 15 cases, the Frisén papilledema grade scores declined to 1 (0-2). The stented IJVs in all 15 patients kept to sufficient blood flows on computed tomographic venography follow-up without stenting-related adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Non-thrombotic IJV stenosis may be a potential etiology of IIH. Stenting seems to be a promising option to address the issue of intracranial hypertension from the etiological level, particularly after medical treatment failure.
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86
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Li Y, He Q, Ji X, Wang X, Fan C, Li G. High circulating lymphocyte ratio has a positive relationship with pathological complete response and overall survival in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx660.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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87
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Ou GJ, Ji X, Wang J, Liu Z. Identification of the novel allele, HLA-DRB1*09:30
, by sequence-based high resolution typing. HLA 2017; 90:379-380. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.13153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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88
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Stagno JR, Liu Y, Bhandari YR, Conrad CE, Panja S, Swain M, Fan L, Nelson G, Li C, Wendel DR, White TA, Coe JD, Wiedorn MO, Knoska J, Oberthuer D, Tuckey RA, Yu P, Dyba M, Tarasov SG, Weierstall U, Grant TD, Schwieters CD, Zhang J, Ferré-D'Amaré AR, Fromme P, Draper DE, Liang M, Hunter MS, Boutet S, Tan K, Zuo X, Ji X, Barty A, Zatsepin NA, Chapman HN, Spence JCH, Woodson SA, Wang YX. Structures of riboswitch RNA reaction states by mix-and-inject XFEL serial crystallography. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767317099081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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89
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Yu H, Ji X, Ou GJ, Wang J, Chen Q. Detection of a novel HLA-B allele, HLA-B*39:119, in a Chinese individual. HLA 2017; 90:116-118. [PMID: 28374532 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
HLA-B*39:119 allele differs from HLA-B*39:01:01:01 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 488.
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90
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Lin Y, Zhao W, Shi Z, Gu H, Zhang X, Ji X, Zou X, Gong J, Yao W. Accumulation of antibiotics and heavy metals in meat duck deep litter and their role in persistence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli in different flocks on one duck farm. Poult Sci 2017; 96:997-1006. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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91
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Ou GJ, Wang J, Ji X, Yu H, Jiang L, Li L, Chen Q, Su PC, Liu Z. A study of HLA-B*15:02 in 9 different Chinese ethnics: Implications for carbamazepine related SJS/TEN. HLA 2017; 89:225-229. [PMID: 28205426 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HLA-B*15:02 is a known biomarker for carbamazepine (CBZ)-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) in some ethnic populations. The US FDA recommends B*15:02 screening for Asian and other populations with a high prevalence of B*15:02 prior to treatment with CBZ to prevent drug-related SJS/TEN. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1607 blood samples were collected from volunteer blood donors who were ethnic minorities living in the Yunnan province of southwestern China, including 153 Yi, 193 Naxi, 167 Miao, 156 Lisu, 166 Derung, 211 Bai, 184 Hani, 198 Dai, and 179 Zhuang. The genetic diversity of the HLA-B*15:02 genes in the ethnic minority samples was examined using sequence based typing at high resolution. RESULTS The allele frequencies of HLA-B*15:02 in the Yi, Naxi, Miao, Lisu, Derung, Bai, Hani, Dai, and Zhuang populations were 4.25%, 4.4%, 5.09%, 5.77%, 6.33%, 7.82%, 8.15%, 9.6%, and 15.36%, respectively. The frequencies of HLA-B*15:02 carriers in the Yi, Naxi, Miao, Lisu, Derung, Bai, Hani, Dai, and Zhuang populations were 8.5%, 8.8%, 9.58%, 10.9%, 12.65%, 15.64%, 16.3%, 18.69%, and 28.49%, respectively. CONCLUSION The HLA-B*15:02 allele frequencies indicated that the prevalence of B*15:02 was different among the different ethnic populations. Because the number of carriers of B*15:02 was high in some ethnic populations, larger studies are required to confirm these findings. The Zhuang population had the highest frequency of B*15:02 in this study. More attention should be paid to CBZ-induced SJS/TEN in Chinese minority populations.
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92
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Gao M, Ji X, Wang L, liu X, Sun J, Zhang Z, Zhou L, Yang J, Shi J. 130 Vas Clip by 3D Printing Use in Vas Deferens Obstruction Animal Model Studies. J Sex Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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93
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Wang C, Ji X, Wu X, Tang Z, Zhang X, Guan S, Liu H, Fang X. Frailty in Relation to the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease, Dementia, and Death in Older Chinese Adults: A Seven-Year Prospective Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:648-654. [PMID: 28537328 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-016-0798-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the relationship of general health decline assessed by frailty and risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). DESIGN A seven-year prospective cohort study. SETTING Secondary analysis of data from the Beijing Longitudinal Study on Aging. PARTICIPANTS Urban and rural community-dwelling people aged 60 and older at baseline. MEASUREMENTS Frailty was quantified using the deficit accumulation-based frailty index (FI), constructed from 40 health deficits at baseline. Dementia was diagnosed by DSM-IIIR. AD and vascular dementia (VaD) were diagnosed by NINCDS-ADRDA and NINDS-AIREN. The relationships between frailty and the risk of dementia, AD and death were evaluated through multivariable models. RESULTS Of 2788 participants at baseline (1997), 171 (11.1%) reported a history of dementia. In seven years, 351 people developed dementia (13%: 223 AD and 128 other types of dementia) and 813 died (29%). After adjustment for age, sex, education, and baseline cognition, baseline frailty status significantly associated with Alzheimer's disease and dementia and death. For each deficit accumulated, the odds ratio of death increased by 5.7%, and the odds ratio of dementia increased by 2.9% (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Frailty was associated with Alzheimer's disease and dementia over a seven years period. Frailty index might facilitate the identification of older adults at high risk of dementia for the application of the most effective, targeted prevention strategies.
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94
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Li Y, Panhwa F, Chen Z, Yuan F, Ji X, Hu P, Zhao G. Cryomicroscopic analysis of intracellular ice formation in porcine iliac endothelial cells upon cooling. CRYO LETTERS 2017; 38:315-320. [PMID: 29734433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND: Intracellular ice formation (IIF) plays an important role in cryopreservation and cryosurgery. IIF in porcine iliac endothelial cells (PIECs) has not been fully investigated. OBJECTIVE To analyze the phenomenon of IIF in PIECs during freezing. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cryomicroscopy system was used for observation of the cell morphology and for the count of IIF during freezing, while the theoretical model for probability IIF (PIF) was used to determine the nucleation kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. RESULTS PIF was observed at 40, 80 and 100 degree C/min upon cooling and 100 degree C/min upon warming, in the presence and absence of 1 M dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO). The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were obtained by fitting the PIF model to experimental data. CONCLUSION PIF increases along with the increased cooling rate. The addition of 1 M dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) decreases the onset IIF temperature, but increases PIF. Cooling rate and Me2SO concentration significantly affect IIF. The finding has significant implications in both cryopreservation and cryosurgery.
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95
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Pabbidi MR, Ji X, Maxwell JT, Mignery GA, Samarel AM, Lipsius SL. Inhibition of cAMP-Dependent PKA Activates β2-Adrenergic Receptor Stimulation of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 via Raf-1/MEK/ERK and IP3-Dependent Ca2+ Signaling in Atrial Myocytes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168505. [PMID: 27977772 PMCID: PMC5158063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported in atrial myocytes that inhibition of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) by laminin (LMN)-integrin signaling activates β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) stimulation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2). The present study sought to determine the signaling mechanisms by which inhibition of PKA activates β2-AR stimulation of cPLA2. We therefore determined the effects of zinterol (0.1 μM; zint-β2-AR) to stimulate ICa,L in atrial myocytes in the absence (+PKA) and presence (-PKA) of the PKA inhibitor (1 μM) KT5720 and compared these results with atrial myocytes attached to laminin (+LMN). Inhibition of Raf-1 (10 μM GW5074), phospholipase C (PLC; 0.5 μM edelfosine), PKC (4 μM chelerythrine) or IP3 receptor (IP3R) signaling (2 μM 2-APB) significantly inhibited zint-β2-AR stimulation of ICa,L in-PKA but not +PKA myocytes. Western blots showed that zint-β2-AR stimulation increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation in-PKA compared to +PKA myocytes. Adenoviral (Adv) expression of dominant negative (dn) -PKCα, dn-Raf-1 or an IP3 affinity trap, each inhibited zint-β2-AR stimulation of ICa,L in + LMN myocytes compared to control +LMN myocytes infected with Adv-βgal. In +LMN myocytes, zint-β2-AR stimulation of ICa,L was enhanced by adenoviral overexpression of wild-type cPLA2 and inhibited by double dn-cPLA2S505A/S515A mutant compared to control +LMN myocytes infected with Adv-βgal. In-PKA myocytes depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores by 5 μM thapsigargin failed to inhibit zint-β2-AR stimulation of ICa,L via cPLA2. However, disruption of caveolae formation by 10 mM methyl-β-cyclodextrin inhibited zint-β2-AR stimulation of ICa,L in-PKA myocytes significantly more than in +PKA myocytes. We conclude that inhibition of PKA removes inhibition of Raf-1 and thereby allows β2-AR stimulation to act via PKCα/Raf-1/MEK/ERK1/2 and IP3-mediated Ca2+ signaling to stimulate cPLA2 signaling within caveolae. These findings may be relevant to the remodeling of β-AR signaling in failing and/or aging heart, both of which exhibit decreases in adenylate cyclase activity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium Signaling/drug effects
- Calcium Signaling/genetics
- Carbazoles/pharmacology
- Cats
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/genetics
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Female
- Group IV Phospholipases A2/genetics
- Group IV Phospholipases A2/metabolism
- Heart Atria/cytology
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors/genetics
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors/metabolism
- Male
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf/metabolism
- Pyrroles/pharmacology
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/physiology
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96
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Ji X, Liu J. Subjective sleep measures for adolescents: a systematic review. Child Care Health Dev 2016; 42:825-839. [PMID: 27495828 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disturbances in adolescents have received significant attention because of their high prevalence and the negative health outcomes. Relative to objective measures, subjective sleep instruments have been the most practical tools used to identify sleep problems and assess responses to interventions in research and clinical settings. This systematic review aims to examine the psychometric properties of subjective measures that are used to assess sleep quality and disturbances among adolescents, identify the strength and limitation of each measurement and inform recommendations for practice. METHODS PubMed, Embase and PsycInfo were searched from 2000 through May 2016. The reference lists of important articles were included if they met the inclusion criteria. The available measures were evaluated and classified as positive, intermediate or poor according to the quality criteria for health status questionnaires. RESULTS Thirteen self-reported or parent-reported sleep measures met the inclusion criteria. Of the measurements reviewed, six were generic instruments assessing overall sleep quality and disturbances; five were dimension-specific instruments measuring daytime sleepiness, sleep insufficiency and sleep hygiene; and two were condition-specific instruments for insomnia. None of the subjective sleep measures for adolescents has a psychometric profile with all essential measurement properties. Specifically, the generic sleep measurements capture multiple dimensions but face issues of participant burden and compatibility. Among the domain-specific tools, the Cleveland Adolescent Sleepiness Questionnaire and the Chronic Sleep Reduction Questionnaire have achieved good psychometric merits but need further evaluation for responsiveness. Likewise, essential measurement properties of condition-specific tools for insomnia have yet to be established. CONCLUSIONS Because of the limited evidence, no definite recommendations can be made at this point. However, each available measurement has its own uniqueness and strength despite the limitations. Future research on measurement development and evaluation for adolescent sleep is needed to ensure the relevance and suitability to different stages of adolescence and social contexts.
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97
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Yu H, Ji X, Liu Z, Wang J, Chen Q. A novel HLA-B allele, HLA-B*15:399, identified in a Chinese individual. HLA 2016; 88:264-265. [PMID: 27667739 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
One nucleotide replacement in codon 41 of HLA-B*15:02:01 results in a novel allele, HLA-B*15:399.
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98
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Wu Q, Diao H, Yu M, Liu Q, Ji X, Ge Z, Jin T. Signaling pathway activation changes induced by Cd exposure combined with Cx43 silencing in HK-2. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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99
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Sun Y, Liang Y, Liu YQ, Gu S, Yang X, Guo W, Shi T, Jia M, Wang L, Lyu B, Zhou C, Liu A, Zang Q, Liu H, Chu N, Wang HH, Zhang T, Qian J, Xu L, He K, Chen D, Shen B, Gong X, Ji X, Wang S, Qi M, Song Y, Yuan Q, Sheng Z, Gao G, Fu P, Wan B. Nonlinear Transition from Mitigation to Suppression of the Edge Localized Mode with Resonant Magnetic Perturbations in the EAST Tokamak. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:115001. [PMID: 27661697 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.115001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Evidence of a nonlinear transition from mitigation to suppression of the edge localized mode (ELM) by using resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) in the EAST tokamak is presented. This is the first demonstration of ELM suppression with RMPs in slowly rotating plasmas with dominant radio-frequency wave heating. Changes of edge magnetic topology after the transition are indicated by a gradual phase shift in the plasma response field from a linear magneto hydro dynamics modeling result to a vacuum one and a sudden increase of three-dimensional particle flux to the divertor. The transition threshold depends on the spectrum of RMPs and plasma rotation as well as perturbation amplitude. This means that edge topological changes resulting from nonlinear plasma response plays a key role in the suppression of ELM with RMPs.
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100
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Liang D, Wang Y, Ji X, Hu H, Zhang J, Meng L, Lin Y, Ma D, Jiang T, Jiang H, Asan, Song L, Guo J, Hu P, Xu Z. Clinical application of whole-genome low-coverage next-generation sequencing to detect and characterize balanced chromosomal translocations. Clin Genet 2016; 91:605-610. [PMID: 27491356 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Individuals carrying balanced translocations have a high risk of birth defects, recurrent spontaneous abortions and infertility. Thus, the detection and characterization of balanced translocations is important to reveal the genetic background of the carriers and to provide proper genetic counseling. Next-generation sequencing (NGS), which has great advantages over other methods such as karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), has been used to detect disease-associated breakpoints. Herein, to evaluate the application of this technology to detect balanced translocations in the clinic, we performed a parental study for prenatal cases with unbalanced translocations. Eight candidate families with potential balanced translocations were investigated using two strategies in parallel, low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (WGS) followed-up by Sanger sequencing and G-banding karyotype coupled with FISH. G-banding analysis revealed three balanced translocations, and FISH detected two cryptic submicroscopic balanced translocations. Consistently, WGS detected five balanced translocations and mapped all the breakpoints by Sanger sequencing. Analysis of the breakpoints revealed that six genes were disrupted in the four apparently healthy carriers. In summary, our result suggested low-coverage WGS can detect balanced translocations reliably and can map breakpoints precisely compared with conventional procedures. WGS may replace cytogenetic methods in the diagnosis of balanced translocation carriers in the clinic.
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