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Petrov NV, Nalegaev SS, Belashov AV, Shevkunov IA, Putilin SE, Lin YC, Cheng CJ. Time-resolved inline digital holography for the study of noncollinear degenerate phase modulation. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:3481-3484. [PMID: 30067690 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.003481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent works demonstrated that digital time-resolved holography is the prospective approach to study nonlinear light-matter interaction processes. In this Letter, we present a straightforward inline holographic approach for studying degenerate phase modulation induced by an inclined collimated pump beam in the isotropic sample. The method is based on a minimization of the difference between experimentally acquired data and simulated inline holograms obtained from a numerical model of pump-probe interaction in optical nonlinear media. A sophisticated experimental data processing algorithm is implemented to provide high sensitivity and a signal-to-noise ratio eligible for soft interaction with a collimated pump beam. The integral phase shift determined by our method can be used to estimate the nonlinear refractive index and the relaxation time for material with a low damage threshold. We validated our approach for the case of soda-lime and BK7 glasses.
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Ngo AH, Lin YC, Liu YC, Gutbrod K, Peisker H, Dörmann P, Nakamura Y. A pair of nonspecific phospholipases C, NPC2 and NPC6, are involved in gametophyte development and glycerolipid metabolism in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 219:163-175. [PMID: 29655284 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipases play crucial roles in plant membrane lipid homeostasis. Nonspecific phospholipase C (NPCs) establish a unique class of phospholipases found only in plants and certain bacteria. Here, we show that two previously uncharacterized NPC isoforms, NPC2 and NPC6, are required for male and female gametophyte development in Arabidopsis. Double mutant plants of npc2-1 npc6-2 could not be retrieved because npc2-1 npc6-2 ovule and pollen development is affected. Genetic complementation, reciprocal crossing and microscope observation of npc2-1/- npc6-2/+ and npc2-1/+ npc6-2/- plants suggest that NPC2 and NPC6 are redundant and are required for normal gametophyte development. Both NPC2 and NPC6 proteins are localized to the plastids. Promoter-GUS assays in transgenic Arabidopsis revealed that NPC2 and NPC6 are preferentially expressed in floral organs rather than in leaves. In vitro enzyme assays showed that NPC2 and NPC6 hydrolyze phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, but not phosphatidate, being consistent with the reported substrate selectivity of NPCs. The amounts of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol were increased in buds but not in flowers of npc2-1/- npc6-2/+ and npc2-1/+ npc6-2/- plants, presumably due to reduced phospholipid hydrolysis activity in developing flowers. Our results demonstrate that NPC2 and NPC6 play crucial roles in gametogenesis during flower development.
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Chen W, Wang S, Zhang HX, Ruan D, Xia WG, Cui YY, Zheng CT, Lin YC. Optimization of dietary zinc for egg production and antioxidant capacity in Chinese egg-laying ducks fed a diet based on corn-wheat bran and soybean meal. Poult Sci 2018; 96:2336-2343. [PMID: 28339968 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of zinc supplementation on productive performance and antioxidant status in laying ducks. Five-hundred-four laying ducks were divided into 7 treatments, each containing 6 replicates of 12 ducks. The ducks were caged individually and fed a corn-soybean meal and wheat bran basal diet (37 mg Zn/kg) or the basal diet supplemented with 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, or 90 mg Zn/kg (as zinc sulfate). During the early laying period of 10 d (daily egg production <80%), egg production, daily egg mass, and FCR increased quadratically with increasing dietary Zn levels (P < 0.05). The highest egg production and daily egg weight were obtained when 30 or 45 mg Zn/kg diet was supplemented, with lowest FCR. Similarly, the highest egg production and daily egg mass were observed in the group supplemented with 30 or 45 mg Zn/kg during the peak laying period of the subsequent 120 d (daily egg production >80%). Average egg weight and feed intake did not differ among the groups of graded Zn supplementation.The egg quality was not affected by dietary Zn, including the egg shape index, Haugh unit, yolk color score, egg composition, and shell thickness. The activities of plasma activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) increased in a quadratic manner (P < 0.001) with increasing supplemental Zn. Plasma concentration of Zn increased quadratically (P < 0.05) as dietary Zn increased. The hepatic activity of Cu/Zn-SOD and GSH-PX increased quadratically (P < 0.05) with increasing dietary Zn. Plasma Zn concentrations were positively correlated with activities of T-SOD (P < 0.05), and positively with plasma Cu. Plasma concentration of reduced glutathione was correlated with plasma Cu. In conclusion, supplementation of Zn at 30 or 45 mg/kg to a corn-wheat bran and soybean basal diet may improve the productive performance and enhance the antioxidant capacity.
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Lin YC, Kobayashi K, Wada H, Nakamura Y. Phosphatidylglycerophosphate phosphatase is required for root growth in Arabidopsis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:563-575. [PMID: 29476828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) is an indispensable lipid class in photosynthetic activity. However, the importance of PG biosynthesis in non-photosynthetic organs remains elusive. We previously identified phosphatidylglycerophosphate phosphatase 1 (PGPP1), which catalyzes the last step of PG biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. In the present report, we noted considerably shorter roots of the pgpp1-1 mutant compared to the wild type. We observed defective order of columella cells in the root apices, which was complemented by introducing the wild-type PGPP1 gene. Although PGPP1 is chloroplast-localized in leaf mesophyll cells, we observed mitochondrial localization of PGPP1 in root cells, suggesting possible dual targeting of PGPP1. Moreover, we identified previously uncharacterized 2 protein tyrosine phosphatase-like proteins as functional PGPPs. These proteins, designated PTPMT1 and PTPMT2, complemented growth and lipid phenotypes of Δgep4, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant of PGPP. The ptpmt1-1 ptpmt2-1 exhibited no visible phenotype; however, the pgpp1-1 ptpmt1-1 ptpmt2-1 significantly enhanced the root phenotype of pgpp1-1 without further affecting the photosynthesis, suggesting that these newly found PGPPs are involved in the root phenotype. Radiolabeling experiment of mutant roots showed that decreased PG biosynthesis is associated with the mutation of PGPP1. These results suggest that PG biosynthesis is required for the root growth.
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Vaneechoutte D, Estrada AR, Lin YC, Loraine AE, Vandepoele K. Genome-wide characterization of differential transcript usage in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 92:1218-1231. [PMID: 29031026 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Alternative splicing and the usage of alternate transcription start- or stop sites allows a single gene to produce multiple transcript isoforms. Most plant genes express certain isoforms at a significantly higher level than others, but under specific conditions this expression dominance can change, resulting in a different set of dominant isoforms. These events of differential transcript usage (DTU) have been observed for thousands of Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays and Vitis vinifera genes, and have been linked to development and stress response. However, neither the characteristics of these genes, nor the implications of DTU on their protein coding sequences or functions, are currently well understood. Here we present a dataset of isoform dominance and DTU for all genes in the AtRTD2 reference transcriptome based on a protocol that was benchmarked on simulated data and validated through comparison with a published reverse transciptase-polymerase chain reaction panel. We report DTU events for 8148 genes across 206 public RNA-Seq samples, and find that protein sequences are affected in 22% of the cases. The observed DTU events show high consistency across replicates, and reveal reproducible patterns in response to treatment and development. We also demonstrate that genes with different evolutionary ages, expression breadths and functions show large differences in the frequency at which they undergo DTU, and in the effect that these events have on their protein sequences. Finally, we showcase how the generated dataset can be used to explore DTU events for genes of interest or to find genes with specific DTU in samples of interest.
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Shi YK, Wang L, Han BH, Li W, Yu P, Liu YP, Ding CM, Song X, Ma ZY, Ren XL, Feng JF, Zhang HL, Chen GY, Han XH, Wu N, Yao C, Song Y, Zhang SC, Song W, Liu XQ, Zhao SJ, Lin YC, Ye XQ, Li K, Shu YQ, Ding LM, Tan FL, Sun Y. First-line icotinib versus cisplatin/pemetrexed plus pemetrexed maintenance therapy for patients with advanced EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma (CONVINCE): a phase 3, open-label, randomized study. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:2443-2450. [PMID: 28945850 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Icotinib has been previously shown to be non-inferior to gefitinib in non-selected advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients when given as second- or further-line treatment. In this open-label, randomized, phase 3 CONVINCE trial, we assessed the efficacy and safety of first-line icotinib versus cisplatin/pemetrexed plus pemetrexed maintenance in lung adenocarcinoma patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible participants were adults with stage IIIB/IV lung adenocarcinoma and exon 19/21 EGFR mutations. Participants were randomly allocated (1 : 1) to receive oral icotinib or 3-week cycle of cisplatin plus pemetrexed for up to four cycles; non-progressive patients after four cycles were maintained with pemetrexed until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) assessed by independent response evaluation committee. Other end points included overall survival (OS) and safety. RESULTS Between January 2013 and August 2014, 296 patients were randomized, and 285 patients were treated (148 to icotinib, 137 to chemotherapy). Independent response evaluation committee-assessed PFS was significantly longer in the icotinib group (11.2 versus 7.9 months; hazard ratio, 0.61, 95% confidence interval 0.43-0.87; P = 0.006). No significant difference for OS was observed between treatments in the overall population or in EGFR-mutated subgroups (exon 19 Del/21 L858R). The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events (AEs) in the icotinib group were rash (14.8%) and diarrhea (7.4%), compared with nausea (45.9%), vomiting (29.2%), and neutropenia (10.9%) in the chemotherapy group. AEs (79.1% versus 94.2%; P < 0.001) and treatment-related AEs (54.1% versus 90.5%; P < 0.001) were significantly fewer in the icotinib group than in the chemotherapy group. CONCLUSIONS First-line icotinib significantly improves PFS of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR mutation with a tolerable and manageable safety profile. Icotinib should be considered as a first-line treatment for this patient population.
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Lin YC, Kobayashi K, Hung CH, Wada H, Nakamura Y. Arabidopsis phosphatidylglycerophosphate phosphatase 1 involved in phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis and photosynthetic function. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 88:1022-1037. [PMID: 27541283 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) is an indispensable lipid constituent of photosynthetic membranes, whose function is essential in photosynthetic activity. In higher plants, the biological function of the last step of PG biosynthesis remains elusive because an enzyme catalyzing this reaction step, namely phosphatidylglycerophosphate phosphatase (PGPP), has been a missing piece in the entire glycerolipid metabolic map. Here, we report the identification and characterization of AtPGPP1 encoding a PGPP in Arabidopsis thaliana. Heterologous expression of AtPGPP1 in yeast Δgep4 complemented growth phenotype and PG-producing activity, suggesting that AtPGPP1 encodes a functional PGPP. The GUS reporter assay showed that AtPGPP1 was preferentially expressed in hypocotyl, vasculatures, trichomes, guard cells, and stigmas. A subcellular localization study with GFP reporter indicated that AtPGPP1 is mainly localized at chloroplasts. A T-DNA-tagged knockout mutant of AtPGPP1, designated pgpp1-1, showed pale green phenotype with reduced PG and chlorophyll contents but no defect in embryo development. In the pgpp1-1 mutant, ultrastructure of plastids indicated defective development of chloroplasts and measurement of photosynthetic parameters showed impaired photosynthetic activity. These results suggest that AtPGPP1 is a primary plastidic PGPP required for PG biosynthesis and photosynthetic function in Arabidopsis.
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Wang SY, Chen SC, Lin YC, Kuo YC, Chen JY, Kao CM. Acidification and sulfide formation control during reductive dechlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane in groundwater: Effectiveness and mechanistic study. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 160:216-229. [PMID: 27376861 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the reductive dechlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCA) in groundwater, substrate injection may be required. However, substrate biodegradation causes groundwater acidification and sulfide production, which inhibits the bacteria responsible for DCA dechlorination and results in an odor problem. In the microcosm study, the effectiveness of the addition of ferrous sulfate (FS), desulfurization slag (DS), and nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) on acidification and sulfide control was studied during reductive dechlorination of DCA, and the emulsified substrate (ES) was used as the substrate. Up to 94% of the sulfide was removed with FS and DS addition (0.25 wt%) (initial DCA concentration = 13.5 mg/L). FS and DS amendments resulted in the formation of a metal sulfide, which reduced the hydrogen sulfide concentration as well as the subsequent odor problem. Approximately 96% of the DCA was degraded under reductive dechlorination with nZVI or DS addition using ES as the substrate. In microcosms with nZVI or DS addition, the sulfide concentration was reduced to less than 15 μg/L. Acidification can be controlled via hydroxide ions production after nZVI oxidation and reaction of free CaO (released from DS) with water, which enhanced DCA dechlorination. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction results confirmed that the microcosms with nZVI added had the highest Dehalococcoides population (up to 2.5 × 10(8) gene copies/g soil) due to effective acidification control. The α-elimination mechanism was the main abiotic process, and reductive dechlorination dominated by Dehalococcides was the biotic mechanism that resulted in DCA removal. More than 22 bacterial species were detected, and dechlorinating bacteria existed in soils under alkaline and acidic conditions.
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Luo HY, Li YH, Wang W, Wang ZQ, Yuan X, Ma D, Wang FH, Zhang DS, Lin DR, Lin YC, Jia J, Hu XH, Peng JW, Xu RH. Single-agent capecitabine as maintenance therapy after induction of XELOX (or FOLFOX) in first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: randomized clinical trial of efficacy and safety. Ann Oncol 2016; 27:1074-1081. [PMID: 26940686 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal strategy of maintenance therapy for patients with mCRC is controversial. This study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of maintenance therapy with capecitabine versus observation following inductive chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this randomized, open-label, multicenter, phase III trial, patients who received 18-24 weeks of induction chemotherapy with XELOX or FOLFOX and achieved disease control were randomly assigned centrally (1:1) to receive maintenance therapy of capecitabine or only observation until disease progression. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) from randomization; the secondary end points included overall survival (OS), PFS from induction treatment (PFS2) and safety. Analyses were done by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02027363. RESULTS Between 30 July 2010 and 15 September 2013, 274 patients were enrolled in the study from 11 sites in China and randomly assigned to maintenance group (n = 136) or observation group (n = 138). Clinicopathological characteristics were balanced in two groups. The median follow-up time from randomization was 29.0 months [interquartile range (IQR) 21-36 months]. The primary end point of PFS was statistically significantly longer in capecitabine maintenance group than in observation group {6.43 [95% confidence interval (CI) 5.26-7.71] versus 3.43 (2.83-4.16) months, HR 0.54 (0.42-0.70), P < 0.001}. The median OS of capecitabine maintenance group was longer than that of observation group, but not statistically significant [25.63 (22.46-27.80) versus 23.30 (19.68-26.92) months; HR 0.85 (0.64-1.11), P = 0.2247]. Similar safety profiles were observed in both arms. The most common grade 3 or 4 toxicities in capecitabine maintenance group versus observation group were neutropenia, hand-foot syndrome, and mucositis. CONCLUSIONS Maintenance therapy with a single agent of capecitabine can be considered an appropriate option following the induction of XELOX or FOLFOX in mCRC patients with acceptable toxicities. CLINICAL TRIALS NUMBER NCT02027363.
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Hsiao J, Yuan TY, Tsai MS, Lu CY, Lin YC, Lee ML, Lin SW, Chang FC, Liu Pimentel H, Olive C, Coito C, Shen G, Young M, Thorne T, Lawrence M, Magistri M, Faghihi MA, Khorkova O, Wahlestedt C. Upregulation of Haploinsufficient Gene Expression in the Brain by Targeting a Long Non-coding RNA Improves Seizure Phenotype in a Model of Dravet Syndrome. EBioMedicine 2016; 9:257-277. [PMID: 27333023 PMCID: PMC4972487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dravet syndrome is a devastating genetic brain disorder caused by heterozygous loss-of-function mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene SCN1A. There are currently no treatments, but the upregulation of SCN1A healthy allele represents an appealing therapeutic strategy. In this study we identified a novel, evolutionary conserved mechanism controlling the expression of SCN1A that is mediated by an antisense non-coding RNA (SCN1ANAT). Using oligonucleotide-based compounds (AntagoNATs) targeting SCN1ANAT we were able to induce specific upregulation of SCN1A both in vitro and in vivo, in the brain of Dravet knock-in mouse model and a non-human primate. AntagoNAT-mediated upregulation of Scn1a in postnatal Dravet mice led to significant improvements in seizure phenotype and excitability of hippocampal interneurons. These results further elucidate the pathophysiology of Dravet syndrome and outline a possible new approach for the treatment of this and other genetic disorders with similar etiology.
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Lin YC, Hu WY. P-73 Develop a culturally oriented advance care planning intervention model for community older adults in taiwan – a study protocol. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2015-000978.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Lin YC, Liu YC, Nakamura Y. The Choline/Ethanolamine Kinase Family in Arabidopsis: Essential Role of CEK4 in Phospholipid Biosynthesis and Embryo Development. THE PLANT CELL 2015; 27:1497-511. [PMID: 25966764 PMCID: PMC4456650 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.15.00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipids are highly conserved and essential components of biological membranes. The major phospholipids, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), are synthesized by the transfer of the phosphoethanolamine or phosphocholine polar head group, respectively, to the diacylglycerol backbone. The metabolism of the polar head group characterizing each phospholipid class is poorly understood; thus, the biosynthetic pathway of major phospholipids remains elusive in Arabidopsis thaliana. The choline/ethanolamine kinase (CEK) family catalyzes the initial steps of phospholipid biosynthesis. Here, we analyzed the function of the four CEK family members present in Arabidopsis. Knocking out of CEK4 resulted in defective embryo development, which was complemented by transformation of genomic CEK4. Reciprocal genetic crossing suggested that CEK4 knockout causes embryonic lethality, and microscopy analysis of the aborted embryos revealed developmental arrest after the heart stage, with no defect being found in the pollen. CEK4 is preferentially expressed in the vasculature, organ boundaries, and mature embryos, and CEK4 was mainly localized to the plasma membrane. Overexpression of CEK4 in wild-type Arabidopsis increased the levels of PtdCho in seedlings and mature siliques and of major membrane lipids in seedlings and triacylglycerol in mature siliques. CEK4 may be the plasma membrane-localized isoform of the CEK family involved in the rate-limiting step of PtdCho biosynthesis and appears to be required for embryo development in Arabidopsis.
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Pi TW, Lin YH, Fanchiang YT, Chiang TH, Wei CH, Lin YC, Wertheim GK, Kwo J, Hong M. In-situ atomic layer deposition of tri-methylaluminum and water on pristine single-crystal (In)GaAs surfaces: electronic and electric structures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:164001. [PMID: 25824203 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/16/164001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The electronic structure of single-crystal (In)GaAs deposited with tri-methylaluminum (TMA) and water via atomic layer deposition (ALD) is presented with high-resolution synchrotron radiation core-level photoemission and capacitance-voltage (CV) characteristics. The interaction of the precursor atoms with (In)GaAs is confined at the topmost surface layer. The Ga-vacant site on the GaAs(111)A-2 × 2 surface is filled with Al, thereby effectively passivating the As dangling bonds. The As-As dimers on the GaAs(001)-2 × 4 surface are entirely passivated by one cycle of TMA and water. The presumed layerwise deposition fails to happen in GaAs(001)-4 × 6. In In0.20Ga0.80As(001)-2 × 4, the edge row As atoms are partially bonded with the Al, and one released methyl then bonds with the In. It is suggested that the unpassivated surface and subsurface atoms cause large frequency dispersions in CV characteristics under the gate bias. We also found that the (In)GaAs surface is immune to water in ALD. However, the momentary exposure of it to air (less than one minute) introduces significant signals of native oxides. This indicates the necessity of in situ works of high κ/(In)GaAs-related experiments in order to know the precise interfacial atomic bonding and thus know the electronic characteristics. The electric CV measurements of the ALD-Al2O3 on these (In)GaAs surfaces are correlated with their electronic properties.
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Kanehara K, Cho Y, Lin YC, Chen CE, Yu CY, Nakamura Y. Arabidopsis DOK1 encodes a functional dolichol kinase involved in reproduction. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 81:292-303. [PMID: 25406445 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Dolichol phosphate (Dol-P) serves as a carrier of complex polysaccharides during protein glycosylation. Dol-P is synthesized by the phosphorylation of dolichol or the monodephosphorylation of dolichol pyrophosphate (Dol-PP); however, the enzymes that catalyze these reactions remain unidentified in Arabidopsis thaliana. We performed a genome-wide search for cytidylyltransferase motif-containing proteins in Arabidopsis, and found that At3g45040 encodes a protein homologous with Sec59p, a dolichol kinase (DOK) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. At3g45040, designated AtDOK1, complemented defects in the growth and N-linked glycosylation of the S. cerevisiae sec59 mutant, suggesting that AtDOK1 encodes a functional DOK. To characterize the physiological roles of AtDOK1 in planta, we isolated two independent lines of T-DNA-tagged AtDOK1 mutants, dok1-1 and dok1-2. The heterozygous plants showed developmental defects in male and female gametophytes, including an aberrant pollen structure, low pollen viability, and short siliques. Additionally, the mutations had incomplete penetrance. These results suggest that AtDOK1 is a functional DOK required for reproductive processes in Arabidopsis.
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Yunus IS, Cazenave-Gassiot A, Liu YC, Lin YC, Wenk MR, Nakamura Y. Phosphatidic acid is a major phospholipid class in reproductive organs of Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2015; 10:e1049790. [PMID: 26179579 PMCID: PMC4623421 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2015.1049790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipids are the crucial components of biological membranes and signal transduction. Among different tissues, flower phospholipids are one of the least characterized features of plant lipidome. Here, we report that floral reproductive organs of Arabidopsis thaliana contain high levels of phosphatidic acid (PA), a known lipid second messenger. By using floral homeotic mutants enriched with specific floral organs, lipidomics study showed increased levels of PA species in ap3-3 mutant with enriched pistils. Accompanied gene expression study for 7 diacylglycerol kinases and 11 PA phosphatases revealed distinct floral organ specificity, suggesting an active phosphorylation/dephosphorylation between PA and diacylglycerol in flowers. Our results suggest that PA is a major phospholipid class in floral reproductive organs of A. thaliana.
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Lin YC, Su KW, Huang KF, Chen YF. Pattern formation of second harmonic conical waves in a nonlinear medium with extended defect structure. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:27859-27868. [PMID: 25402028 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.027859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate the propagation of the conical second harmonic fields generated from a nonlinear crystal with extended defects to investigate their pattern formation. The generated second harmonic waves are found to be the interference of multiple Bessel-like beams that originate from distinct longitudinal layers inside the crystal. To reconstruct the experimental results, we model the individual Bessel-like beam to be the superposition of an ensemble of identical decentered Gaussian waves with random phases. We present that the randomness of the phases leads the Bessel-like beams to show wave profiles with different extent of localization. Moreover, we use the coherent superposition of the developed wave functions with a phase factor to manifest the interference of multiple Bessel-like beams. The relative phases among the Bessel-like beams are shown to be closely related to the near and far-field patterns. With the experimental observations and the theoretical model, the relative phases are decided to successfully reconstruct the propagation characteristics of the multiple Bessel-like beams.
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An FP, Balantekin AB, Band HR, Beriguete W, Bishai M, Blyth S, Butorov I, Cao GF, Cao J, Chan YL, Chang JF, Chang LC, Chang Y, Chasman C, Chen H, Chen QY, Chen SM, Chen X, Chen X, Chen YX, Chen Y, Cheng YP, Cherwinka JJ, Chu MC, Cummings JP, de Arcos J, Deng ZY, Ding YY, Diwan MV, Draeger E, Du XF, Dwyer DA, Edwards WR, Ely SR, Fu JY, Ge LQ, Gill R, Gonchar M, Gong GH, Gong H, Grassi M, Gu WQ, Guan MY, Guo XH, Hackenburg RW, Han GH, Hans S, He M, Heeger KM, Heng YK, Hinrichs P, Hor YK, Hsiung YB, Hu BZ, Hu LM, Hu LJ, Hu T, Hu W, Huang EC, Huang H, Huang XT, Huber P, Hussain G, Isvan Z, Jaffe DE, Jaffke P, Jen KL, Jetter S, Ji XP, Ji XL, Jiang HJ, Jiao JB, Johnson RA, Kang L, Kettell SH, Kramer M, Kwan KK, Kwok MW, Kwok T, Lai WC, Lau K, Lebanowski L, Lee J, Lei RT, Leitner R, Leung A, Leung JKC, Lewis CA, Li DJ, Li F, Li GS, Li QJ, Li WD, Li XN, Li XQ, Li YF, Li ZB, Liang H, Lin CJ, Lin GL, Lin PY, Lin SK, Lin YC, Ling JJ, Link JM, Littenberg L, Littlejohn BR, Liu DW, Liu H, Liu JL, Liu JC, Liu SS, Liu YB, Lu C, Lu HQ, Luk KB, Ma QM, Ma XY, Ma XB, Ma YQ, McDonald KT, McFarlane MC, McKeown RD, Meng Y, Mitchell I, Monari Kebwaro J, Nakajima Y, Napolitano J, Naumov D, Naumova E, Nemchenok I, Ngai HY, Ning Z, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Olshevski A, Patton S, Pec V, Peng JC, Piilonen LE, Pinsky L, Pun CSJ, Qi FZ, Qi M, Qian X, Raper N, Ren B, Ren J, Rosero R, Roskovec B, Ruan XC, Shao BB, Steiner H, Sun GX, Sun JL, Tam YH, Tang X, Themann H, Tsang KV, Tsang RHM, Tull CE, Tung YC, Viren B, Vorobel V, Wang CH, Wang LS, Wang LY, Wang M, Wang NY, Wang RG, Wang W, Wang WW, Wang X, Wang YF, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang ZM, Webber DM, Wei HY, Wei YD, Wen LJ, Whisnant K, White CG, Whitehead L, Wise T, Wong HLH, Wong SCF, Worcester E, Wu Q, Xia DM, Xia JK, Xia X, Xing ZZ, Xu JY, Xu JL, Xu J, Xu Y, Xue T, Yan J, Yang CC, Yang L, Yang MS, Yang MT, Ye M, Yeh M, Yeh YS, Young BL, Yu GY, Yu JY, Yu ZY, Zang SL, Zeng B, Zhan L, Zhang C, Zhang FH, Zhang JW, Zhang QM, Zhang Q, Zhang SH, Zhang YC, Zhang YM, Zhang YH, Zhang YX, Zhang ZJ, Zhang ZY, Zhang ZP, Zhao J, Zhao QW, Zhao Y, Zhao YB, Zheng L, Zhong WL, Zhou L, Zhou ZY, Zhuang HL, Zou JH. Search for a light sterile neutrino at Daya Bay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:141802. [PMID: 25325631 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.141802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A search for light sterile neutrino mixing was performed with the first 217 days of data from the Daya Bay Reactor Antineutrino Experiment. The experiment's unique configuration of multiple baselines from six 2.9 GW(th) nuclear reactors to six antineutrino detectors deployed in two near (effective baselines 512 m and 561 m) and one far (1579 m) underground experimental halls makes it possible to test for oscillations to a fourth (sterile) neutrino in the 10(-3) eV(2)<|Δm(41)(2) |< 0.3 eV(2) range. The relative spectral distortion due to the disappearance of electron antineutrinos was found to be consistent with that of the three-flavor oscillation model. The derived limits on sin(2) 2θ(14) cover the 10(-3) eV(2) ≲ |Δm(41)(2)| ≲ 0.1 eV(2) region, which was largely unexplored.
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Tanigawa S, Lee CH, Lin CS, Ku CC, Hasegawa H, Qin S, Kawahara A, Korenori Y, Miyamori K, Noguchi M, Lee LH, Lin YC, Lin CLS, Nakamura Y, Jin C, Yamaguchi N, Eckner R, Hou DX, Yokoyama KK. Erratum: Jun dimerization protein 2 is a critical component of the Nrf2/MafK complex regulating the response to ROS homeostasis. Cell Death Dis 2014. [PMCID: PMC4123110 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Nakamura Y, Liu YC, Lin YC. Floral glycerolipid profiles in homeotic mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 450:1272-5. [PMID: 24984150 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.06.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Flowers have distinct glycerolipid composition, yet its floral organ-specific profile remains elusive in Arabidopsis whose flowers are too tiny to dissect different floral organs. Here, we employed known floral homeotic mutants agamous-1 (ag-1) and apetala3-3 (ap3-3) to facilitate sample preparation enriched in different floral organs. The result of analysis on different polar glycerolipid classes and their fatty acid composition demonstrated that flowers of ap3-3 and ag-1 have distinct glycerolipid composition from that of wild type. Moreover, distinct set of glycerolipid biosynthetic genes is expressed in these mutants by qRT-PCR gene expression analysis. These data suggest that glycerolipid profile is distinct among different floral organs of Arabidopsis thaliana.
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An FP, Balantekin AB, Band HR, Beriguete W, Bishai M, Blyth S, Brown RL, Butorov I, Cao GF, Cao J, Carr R, Chan YL, Chang JF, Chang Y, Chasman C, Chen HS, Chen HY, Chen SJ, Chen SM, Chen XC, Chen XH, Chen Y, Chen YX, Cheng YP, Cherwinka JJ, Chu MC, Cummings JP, de Arcos J, Deng ZY, Ding YY, Diwan MV, Draeger E, Du XF, Dwyer DA, Edwards WR, Ely SR, Fu JY, Ge LQ, Gill R, Gonchar M, Gong GH, Gong H, Gornushkin YA, Gu WQ, Guan MY, Guo XH, Hackenburg RW, Hahn RL, Han GH, Hans S, He M, Heeger KM, Heng YK, Hinrichs P, Hor Y, Hsiung YB, Hu BZ, Hu LJ, Hu LM, Hu T, Hu W, Huang EC, Huang HX, Huang HZ, Huang XT, Huber P, Hussain G, Isvan Z, Jaffe DE, Jaffke P, Jetter S, Ji XL, Ji XP, Jiang HJ, Jiao JB, Johnson RA, Kang L, Kettell SH, Kramer M, Kwan KK, Kwok MW, Kwok T, Lai WC, Lai WH, Lau K, Lebanowski L, Lee J, Lei RT, Leitner R, Leung A, Leung JKC, Lewis CA, Li DJ, Li F, Li GS, Li QJ, Li WD, Li XN, Li XQ, Li YF, Li ZB, Liang H, Lin CJ, Lin GL, Lin SK, Lin YC, Ling JJ, Link JM, Littenberg L, Littlejohn BR, Liu DW, Liu H, Liu JC, Liu JL, Liu SS, Liu YB, Lu C, Lu HQ, Luk KB, Ma QM, Ma XB, Ma XY, Ma YQ, McDonald KT, McFarlane MC, McKeown RD, Meng Y, Mitchell I, Nakajima Y, Napolitano J, Naumov D, Naumova E, Nemchenok I, Ngai HY, Ngai WK, Ning Z, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Olshevski A, Patton S, Pec V, Peng JC, Piilonen LE, Pinsky L, Pun CSJ, Qi FZ, Qi M, Qian X, Raper N, Ren B, Ren J, Rosero R, Roskovec B, Ruan XC, Shao BB, Steiner H, Sun GX, Sun JL, Tam YH, Tanaka HK, Tang X, Themann H, Trentalange S, Tsai O, Tsang KV, Tsang RHM, Tull CE, Tung YC, Viren B, Vorobel V, Wang CH, Wang LS, Wang LY, Wang LZ, Wang M, Wang NY, Wang RG, Wang W, Wang WW, Wang X, Wang YF, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang ZM, Webber DM, Wei H, Wei YD, Wen LJ, Whisnant K, White CG, Whitehead L, Wise T, Wong HLH, Wong SCF, Worcester E, Wu Q, Xia DM, Xia JK, Xia X, Xing ZZ, Xu J, Xu JL, Xu JY, Xu Y, Xue T, Yan J, Yang CG, Yang L, Yang MS, Ye M, Yeh M, Yeh YS, Young BL, Yu GY, Yu JY, Yu ZY, Zang SL, Zhan L, Zhang C, Zhang FH, Zhang JW, Zhang QM, Zhang SH, Zhang YC, Zhang YH, Zhang YM, Zhang YX, Zhang ZJ, Zhang ZP, Zhang ZY, Zhao J, Zhao QW, Zhao YB, Zheng L, Zhong WL, Zhou L, Zhou ZY, Zhuang HL, Zou JH. Spectral measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation amplitude and frequency at Daya Bay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:061801. [PMID: 24580686 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.061801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A measurement of the energy dependence of antineutrino disappearance at the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment is reported. Electron antineutrinos (ν¯(e)) from six 2.9 GW(th) reactors were detected with six detectors deployed in two near (effective baselines 512 and 561 m) and one far (1579 m) underground experimental halls. Using 217 days of data, 41 589 (203 809 and 92 912) antineutrino candidates were detected in the far hall (near halls). An improved measurement of the oscillation amplitude sin(2)2θ(13)=0.090(-0.009)(+0.008) and the first direct measurement of the ν¯(e) mass-squared difference |Δm(ee)2|=(2.59(-0.20)(+0.19))×10(-3) eV2 is obtained using the observed ν¯(e) rates and energy spectra in a three-neutrino framework. This value of |Δm(ee)2| is consistent with |Δm(μμ)2| measured by muon neutrino disappearance, supporting the three-flavor oscillation model.
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Mudd AB, White EJ, Bolloskis MP, Kapur NP, Everhart KW, Lin YC, Bussler WW, Reid RW, Brown RH. Students' perspective on genomics: from sample to sequence using the case study of blueberry. Front Genet 2013; 4:245. [PMID: 24324481 PMCID: PMC3841016 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in genomic sequencing technologies in the past decade have revolutionized the field of genomics, resulting in faster and less expensive sequencing. Holding back the potential for innovation, however, is a widespread lack of understanding of genomics and sequencing by the general public. In an attempt to remedy this problem, this paper presents an introduction to the fields of genomics, bioinformatics, and proteomics using the blueberry genome as a model case study of the plant genomics field. The blueberry (Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus) is often cited as a “super food” in the media due to its nutritional benefits and global economic importance. There have been a number of related genomic publications in the past 20 years; however, a completed genome and a full analysis into the health-related pathways are still needed. As exemplified by this blueberry case study, there are opportunities for future genomic research into numerous beneficial plant species. The solid background presented in this paper provides future researchers the foundation to explore these uncharted areas.
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Chen W, Lv YT, Zhang HX, Ruan D, Wang S, Lin YC. Developmental specificity in skeletal muscle of late-term avian embryos and its potential manipulation. Poult Sci 2013; 92:2754-64. [PMID: 24046424 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike the mammalian fetus, development of the avian embryo is independent of the maternal uterus and is potentially vulnerable to physiological and environmental stresses close to hatch. In contrast to the fetus of late gestation in mammals, skeletal muscle in avian embryos during final incubation shows differential developmental characteristics: 1) muscle mobilization (also called atrophy) is selectively enhanced in the type II fibers (pectoral muscle) but not in the type I fibers (biceps femoris and semimembranosus muscle), involving activation of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation and suppression of S6K1-mediated protein translation; 2) the proliferative activity of satellite cells is decreased in the atrophied muscle of late-term embryos but enhanced at the day of hatch, probably preparing for the postnatal growth. The mobilization of muscle may represent an adaptive response of avian embryos to external (environmental) or internal (physiological) changes, considering there are developmental transitions both in hormones and requirements for glycolytic substrates from middle-term to late-term incubation. Although the exact mechanism triggering muscle fiber atrophy is still unknown, nutritional and endocrine changes may be of importance. The atrophied muscle fiber recovers as soon as feed and water are available to the hatchling. In ovo feeding of late-term embryos has been applied to improve the nutritional status and therein enhances muscle development. Similarly, in ovo exposure to higher temperature or green light during the critical period of muscle development are also demonstrated to be potential strategies to promote pre- and posthatch muscle growth.
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Yang SK, Tan N, Yan XM, Chen F, Long W, Lin YC. Thorium(IV) removal from aqueous medium by citric acid treated mangrove endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. #ZZF51. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2013; 74:213-219. [PMID: 23871201 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Thorium(IV) biosorption is investigated by citric acid treated mangrove endophytic fungus Fussarium sp. #ZZF51 (CA-ZZF51) from South China Sea. The biosorption process was optimized at pH 4.5, equilibrium time 90 min, initial thorium(IV) concentration 50 mg L(-1) and adsorbent dose 0.6 g L(-1) with 90.87% of removal efficiency and 75.47 mg g(-1) of adsorption capacity, which is obviously greater than that (11.35 mg g(-1)) of the untreated fungus Fussarium sp. #ZZF51 for thorium(IV) biosorption under the condition of optimization. The experimental data are analyzed by using isotherm and kinetic models. Kinetic data follow the pseudo-second-order model and equilibrium data agree very well with the Langmuir model. In addition, FTIR analysis indicates that hydroxyl, amino, and carbonyl groups act as the important roles in the adsorption process.
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Wang Y, Lin YC, So J, Du Y, Lo C. Conserved metabolic steps for sporopollenin precursor formation in tobacco and rice. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2013; 149:13-24. [PMID: 23231646 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of pollen wall with proper sporopollenin deposition is essential for pollen viability and male fertility in flowering plants. Sporopollenin is a complex biopolymer synthesized from fatty acid and phenolic derivatives. Recent investigations in Arabidopsis have identified a number of anther-specific genes involved in the production of fatty-acyl monomers potentially required for exine formation. The existence of ancient biochemical pathways for sporopollenin biosynthesis has been widely proposed but experimental evidence from plant species other than Arabidopsis is not extensively available. Here, we investigated the metabolic steps catalyzed by the anther-specific acyl-CoA synthetase (ACOS), polyketide synthase (PKS) and tetraketide α-pyrone reductase (TKPR). Using fatty acids as starting substrates, sequential activities of heterologously expressed tobacco enzymes NtACOS1, NtPKS1 and NtTKPR1 resulted in the production of reduced tetraketide α-pyrones. Transgenic RNA interference lines were then generated for the different tobacco genes which were demonstrated to be indispensable for normal pollen development and male fertility. Similarly, recombinant rice OsPKS1 and OsTKPR1 were shown to function as downstream enzymes of NtACOS1. In addition, insertion mutant lines for these rice genes displayed different levels of impaired pollen and seed formation. Taken together, reduced tetraketide α-pyrones appear to represent common sporopollenin fatty-acyl precursors essential for male fertility in taxonomically distinct plant species.
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Liu CC, Lin YC. Reclamation of copper-contaminated soil using EDTA or citric acid coupled with dissolved organic matter solution extracted from distillery sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 178:97-101. [PMID: 23545343 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Soil washing using a strong chelating agent is a common practice for restoring contaminated soils, but significant soil fertility degradation and high operation costs are the major disadvantages. Washing soil with a dissolved organic matter (DOM) solution has been identified as a method that can moderate the loss of nutrients in the soil and enhance metal removal. The DOM solutions were extracted from waste sludge obtained from a local whisky distillery. Single chelating washing and chelate-DOM washing were carried out using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citric acid, and DOM solutions to remediate highly Cu-contaminated soil. Two-phase washing using 0.34 M citric acid and then 1500 mg L(-1) DOM solution (pH 8.5) was found to be most favorable for the soil. With this treatment, 91% Cu was removed from the topsoil; the organic matter, cation exchange capacity, plant-available nitrogen, and available phosphate content increased by 28.1%, 103%, 17.7%, and 422%, respectively.
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