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Chen L, Chi Z, Liu GL, Xue SJ, Wang ZP, Hu Z, Chi ZM. Improved pullulan production by a mutant of Aureobasidium melanogenum TN3-1 from a natural honey and capsule shell preparation. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 141:268-277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Jiang H, Chen TJ, Chi Z, Hu Z, Liu GL, Sun Y, Zhang SH, Chi ZM. Macromolecular pullulan produced by Aureobasidium melanogenum 13-2 isolated from the Taklimakan desert and its crucial roles in resistance to the stress treatments. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 135:429-436. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Jiang H, Chi Z, Liu GL, Hu Z, Zhao SZ, Chi ZM. Melanin biosynthesis in the desert-derived Aureobasidium melanogenum XJ5-1 is controlled mainly by the CWI signal pathway via a transcriptional activator Cmr1. Curr Genet 2019; 66:173-185. [DOI: 10.1007/s00294-019-01010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Aung T, Jiang H, Liu GL, Chi Z, Hu Z, Chi ZM. Overproduction of a β-fructofuranosidase1 with a high FOS synthesis activity for efficient biosynthesis of fructooligosaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 130:988-996. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zhao SF, Chi Z, Liu GL, Hu Z, Wu LF, Chi ZM. Biosynthesis of some organic acids and lipids in industrially important microorganisms is promoted by pyruvate carboxylases. J Biosci 2019; 44:47. [PMID: 31180060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pyruvate carboxylase (Pyc) catalyzes formation of oxaloacetic acid from pyruvic acid by fixing one mole of CO2. Many evidences have confirmed that biosynthesis of some different kinds of organic acids and intracellular and extracellular lipids is driven by Pyc and over-expression of the PYC gene in the industrial microorganisms can promote production of the different kinds of organic acids and intracellular and extracellular lipids. Therefore, the Pyc from different sources is regarded as a key enzyme in microbial biotechnology and is an important target for metabolic engineering of the industrial microbial strains. However, very little is known about the native Pycs and their functions and regulation in the industrial microorganisms.
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Zhao SF, Chi Z, Liu GL, Hu Z, Wu LF, Chi ZM. Biosynthesis of some organic acids and lipids in industrially important microorganisms is promoted by pyruvate carboxylases. J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9853-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Aung T, Jiang H, Chen CC, Liu GL, Hu Z, Chi ZM, Chi Z. Production, Gene Cloning, and Overexpression of a Laccase in the Marine-Derived Yeast Aureobasidium melanogenum Strain 11-1 and Characterization of the Recombinant Laccase. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 21:76-87. [PMID: 30456695 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-018-9860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aureobasidium melanogenum strain 11-1 with a high laccase activity was isolated from a mangrove ecosystem. Under the optimal conditions, the 11-1 strain yielded the highest laccase activity up to 3120.0 ± 170 mU/ml (1.2 U/mg protein) within 5 days. A laccase gene (LAC1) of the yeast strain 11-1 contained two introns and encoded a protein with 570 amino acids and four conserved copper-binding domains typical of the fungal laccase. Expression of the LAC1 gene in the yeast strain 11-1 made a recombinant yeast strain produce the laccase activity of 6005 ± 140 mU/ml. The molecular weight of the recombinant laccase after removing the sugar was about 62.5 kDa. The optimal temperature and pH of the recombinant laccase were 40 °C and 3.2, respectively, and it was stable at a temperature less than 25 °C. The laccase was inhibited in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), and DL-dithiothreitol (DTT). The Km and Vmax values of the laccase for 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) was 6.3 × 10-2 mM and 177.4 M/min, respectively. Many synthetic dyes were greatly decolored by the laccase.
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Li YF, Jiang H, Hu Z, Liu GL, Chi ZM, Chi Z. Overexpression of an Inulinase Gene in an Oleaginous Yeast, Aureobasidium melanogenum P10, for Efficient Lipid Production from Inulin. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 28:190-200. [DOI: 10.1159/000493139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, in order to directly and efficiently convert inulin into a single-cell oil (SCO), an <i>INU1</i> gene encoding inulinase from<b><i></i></b> <i>Kluyveromyces marxianus</i> was integrated into the genomic DNA and actively expressed in an SCO producer <i>Aureobasidium</i> <i>melanogenum</i> P10. The transformant API41 obtained produced 28.5 U/mL of inulinase and its wild-type strain P10 yielded only 8.62 U/mL. Most (97.5%) of the inulinase produced by the transformant API41 was secreted into the culture. During a 10-L fermentation, 66.2% (w/w) lipid in the yeast cells of the transformant API41 and 14.38 g/L of cell dry weight were attained from inulin of 80.0 g/L within 120 h, high inulinase activity (23.7 U/mL) was also produced within 72 h, and the added inulin was actively hydrolyzed. This confirmed that the genetically engineered yeast of <i>A. melanogenum</i> P10 is suitable for direct production of lipids from inulin. The lipids produced could be used as feedstocks for biodiesel production.
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Zhao SF, Jiang H, Chi Z, Liu GL, Chi ZM, Chen TJ, Yang G, Hu Z. Genome sequencing of Aureobasidium pullulans P25 and overexpression of a glucose oxidase gene for hyper-production of Ca2+-gluconic acid. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2018; 112:669-678. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-018-1197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ma Y, Chi Z, Li YF, Jiang H, Liu GL, Hu Z, Chi ZM. Cloning, deletion, and overexpression of a glucose oxidase gene in Aureobasidium sp. P6 for Ca2+-gluconic acid overproduction. ANN MICROBIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-018-1393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Zhang P, Wang ZP, Sheng J, Zheng Y, Ji XF, Zhou HX, Liu XY, Chi ZM. High and efficient isomaltulose production using an engineered Yarrowia lipolytica strain. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 265:577-580. [PMID: 30056834 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Isomaltulose is an ideal functional sweetener and has been approved as a safe sucrose substitute. It is produced mainly through sucrose isomerization catalyzed by sucrose isomerase. Here, to produce food-grade isomaltulose and improve its yield, the sucrose isomerase gene from Pantoea dispersa UQ68J was overexpressed in the non-pathogenic yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. When the engineered strain, S47, was fermented on 600 g/L sucrose in a 10-L bioreactor, a maximum isomaltulose concentration of 572.1 g/L was achieved. Sucrose isomerase activity was 7.43 U/mL, and yield reached 0.96 g/g. Moreover, monosaccharide byproducts were simultaneously transformed into intracellular lipids, thus reducing the production of undesirable compounds and resulting in high isomaltulose purity (97.8%) in the final broth. In summary, the bioprocess employed in this study provides an efficient alternative strategy for isomaltulose production.
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Liu NN, Chi Z, Liu GL, Chen TJ, Jiang H, Hu Z, Chi ZM. α-Amylase, glucoamylase and isopullulanase determine molecular weight of pullulan produced by Aureobasidium melanogenum P16. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:727-734. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jiang H, Xue SJ, Li YF, Liu GL, Chi ZM, Hu Z, Chi Z. Efficient transformation of sucrose into high pullulan concentrations by Aureobasidium melanogenum TN1-2 isolated from a natural honey. Food Chem 2018; 257:29-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Tang RR, Chi Z, Jiang H, Liu GL, Xue SJ, Hu Z, Chi ZM. Overexpression of a pyruvate carboxylase gene enhances extracellular liamocin and intracellular lipid biosynthesis by Aureobasidium melanogenum M39. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Chen TJ, Chi Z, Jiang H, Liu GL, Hu Z, Chi ZM. Cell wall integrity is required for pullulan biosynthesis and glycogen accumulation in Aureobasidium melanogenum P16. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:1516-1526. [PMID: 29550432 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pullulan and glycogen have many applications and physiological functions. However, to date, it has been unknown where and how the pullulan is synthesized in the yeast cells and if cell wall structure of the producer can affect pullulan and glycogen biosynthesis. METHODS The genes related to cell wall integrity were cloned, characterized, deleted and complemented. The cell wall integrity, pullulan biosynthesis, glycogen accumulation and gene expression were examined. RESULTS In this study, the GT6 and GT7 genes encoding different α1,2 mannosyltransferases in Aureobasidium melanogenum P16 were cloned and characterized. The proteins deduced from both the GT6 and GT7 genes contained the conserved sequences YNMCHFWSNFEI and YSTCHFWSNFEI of a Ktr mannosyltransferase family. The removal of each gene and both the two genes caused the changes in colony and cell morphology and enhanced glycogen accumulation, leading to a reduced pullulan biosynthesis and the declined expression of many genes related to pullulan biosynthesis. The swollen cells of the disruptants were due to increased accumulation of glycogen, suggesting that uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP-glucose) was channeled to glycogen biosynthesis in the disruptants, rather than pullulan biosynthesis. Complementation of the GT6 and GT7 genes in the corresponding disruptants and growth of the disruptants in the presence of 0.6 M KCl made pullulan biosynthesis, glycogen accumulation, colony and cell morphology be restored. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This is the first report that the two α1,2 mannosyltransferases were required for colony and cell morphology, glycogen accumulation and pullulan biosynthesis in the pullulan producing yeast.
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Xue SJ, Chi Z, Zhang Y, Li YF, Liu GL, Jiang H, Hu Z, Chi ZM. Fatty acids from oleaginous yeasts and yeast-like fungi and their potential applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2018; 38:1049-1060. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1428167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jiang H, Liu GL, Chi Z, Hu Z, Chi ZM. Genetics of trehalose biosynthesis in desert-derived Aureobasidium melanogenum and role of trehalose in the adaptation of the yeast to extreme environments. Curr Genet 2017; 64:479-491. [PMID: 29018921 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-017-0762-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Melanin plays an important role in the stress adaptation of Aureobasidium melanogenum XJ5-1 isolated from the Taklimakan desert. A trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene (TPS1 gene) was cloned from K5, characterized, and then deleted to determine the role of trehalose in the stress adaptation of the albino mutant K5. No stress response element and heat shock element were found in the promoter of the TPS1 gene. Deletion of the TPS1 gene in the albino mutant rendered a strain DT43 unable to synthesize any trehalose, but DT43 still could grow in glucose, suggesting that its hexokinase was insensitive to inhibition by trehalose-6-phosphate. Overexpression of the TPS1 gene enhanced trehalose biosynthesis in strain ET6. DT43 could not grow at 33 °C, whereas K5, ET6, and XJ5-1 could grow well at this temperature. Compared with K5 and ET6, DT43 was highly sensitive to heat shock treatment, high oxidation, and high desiccation, but all the three strains demonstrated the same sensitivity to UV light and high NaCl concentration. Therefore, trehalose played an important role in the adaptation of K5 to heat shock treatment, high oxidation, and high desiccation.
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Chen CC, Chi Z, Liu GL, Jiang H, Hu Z, Chi ZM. Production, purification, characterization and gene cloning of an esterase produced by Aureobasidium melanogenum HN6.2. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Khan I, Qayyum S, Ahmed S, Haleem KS, Mujaddad-ur-Rehman MUR, Liu GL, Chi ZM. Isolation and Characterization of Medicinally Important Marine Penicillium Isolates. PAK J ZOOL 2017. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/2017.49.2.435.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Khan I, Qayyum S, Ahmed S, Niaz Z, Fatima N, Chi ZM. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of a PVGOX gene encoding glucose oxidase in Penicillium viticola F1 strain and it's expression quantitation. Gene 2016; 592:291-302. [PMID: 27425865 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The PVGOX gene (accession number: KT452630) was isolated from genomic DNA of the marine fungi Penicillium viticola F1 by Genome Walking and their expression analysis was done by Fluorescent RT-PCR. An open reading frame of 1806bp encoding a 601 amino acid protein (isoelectric point: 5.01) with a calculated molecular weight of 65,535.4 was characterized. The deduced protein showed 75%, 71%, 69% and 64% identity to those deduced from the glucose oxidase (GOX) genes from different fungal strains including; Talaromyces variabilis, Beauveria bassiana, Aspergillus terreus, and Aspergillus niger, respectively. The promoter of the gene (intronless) had two TATA boxes around the base pair number -88 and -94 and as well as a CAAT box at -100. However, the terminator of the PVGOX gene does not contain any polyadenylation site (AATAAA). The protein deduced from the PVGOX gene had a signal peptide containing 17 amino acids, three cysteine residues and six potential N-linked glycosylation sites, among them, -N-K-T-Y- at 41 amino acid, -N-R-S-L- at 113 amino acid, -N-G-T-I- at 192 amino acid, -N-T-T-A at 215 amino acid, -N-F-T-E at 373 amino acid and -N-V-T-A- at 408 amino acid were the most possible N-glycosylation sites. Furthermore, the relative transcription level of the PVGOX gene was also stimulated in the presence of 4% (w/v) of calcium carbonate and 0.5 % (v/v) of CSL in the production medium compared with that of the PVGOX gene when the fungal strain F1 was grown in the absence of calcium carbonate and CSL in the production medium, suggesting that under the optimal conditions, the expression of the PVGOX gene responsible for gluconic acid biosynthesis was enhanced, leading to increased gluconic acid production. Therefore, the highly glycosylated oxidase enzyme produced by P. viticola F1 strain might be a good producer in the fermentation process for the industrial level production of gluconic acid.
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Wang QQ, Lu Y, Ren ZY, Chi Z, Liu GL, Chi ZM. CreA is directly involved in pullulan biosynthesis and regulation of Aureobasidium melanogenum P16. Curr Genet 2016; 63:471-485. [DOI: 10.1007/s00294-016-0650-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Jiang H, Ma Y, Chi Z, Liu GL, Chi ZM. Production, Purification, and Gene Cloning of a β-Fructofuranosidase with a High Inulin-hydrolyzing Activity Produced by a Novel Yeast Aureobasidium sp. P6 Isolated from a Mangrove Ecosystem. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 18:500-510. [PMID: 27351759 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-016-9712-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
After screening of over 300 yeast strains isolated from the mangrove ecosystems, it was found that Aureobasidium sp. P6 strain had the highest inulin-hydrolyzing activity. Under the optimal conditions, this yeast strain produced an inulin-hydrolyzing activity of 30.98 ± 0.8 U/ml after 108 h of a 10-l fermentation. After the purification, a molecular weight of the enzyme which had the inulin-hydrolyzing activity was estimated to be 47.6 kDa, and the purified enzyme could actively hydrolyze both sucrose and inulin and exhibit a transfructosylating activity at 30.0 % sucrose, converting sucrose into fructooligosaccharides (FOS), indicating that the purified enzyme was a β-D-fructofuranosidase. After the full length of a β-D-fructofuranosidase gene (accession number KU308553) was cloned from Aureobasidium sp. P6 strain, a protein deduced from the cloned gene contained the conserved sequences MNDPNGL, RDP, ECP, FS, and Q of a glycosidehydrolase GH32 family, respectively, but did not contain a conserved sequence SVEVF, and the amino acid sequence of the protein from Aureobasidium sp. P6 strain had a high similarity to that of the β-fructofuranosidase from any other fungal strains. After deletion of the β-D-fructofuranosidase gene, the disruptant still had low inulin hydrolyzing and invertase activities and a trace amount of the transfructosylating activity, indicating that the gene encoding an inulinase may exist in the Aureobasidium sp. P6 strain.
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Chen M, Zhang W, Shao CL, Chi ZM, Wang CY. DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitor Induced Fungal Biosynthetic Products: Diethylene Glycol Phthalate Ester Oligomers from the Marine-Derived Fungus Cochliobolus lunatus. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 18:409-417. [PMID: 27245469 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-016-9703-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemical epigenetic manipulation was applied to the marine-derived fungus Cochliobolus lunatus (TA26-46) with a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor resulting in the significant changes of the secondary metabolites. Cultivation of C. lunatus (TA26-46) with 5-azacytidine led to the isolation of seven new diethylene glycol phthalate esters, cochphthesters A-G (1-6, 10), along with four known analogues (7-9, 11). Their structures were determined by extensive NMR spectroscopic spectra as well as MS data. Compounds 2-6 and 8-11, characterized by the cross-polymerization of phthalate across diethylene glycol via ester bonds, represent the first example of naturally occurring phthalate ester oligomers. Graphical Abstract Chemical epigenetic manipulation was applied to a marine-derived fungus resulting in significant changes of secondary metabolites.
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Zhou SH, Liu Y, Zhao YJ, Chi Z, Chi ZM, Liu GL. Enhanced exo-inulinase activity and stability by fusion of an inulin-binding module. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:8063-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7587-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Fu GY, Lu Y, Chi Z, Liu GL, Zhao SF, Jiang H, Chi ZM. Cloning and Characterization of a Pyruvate Carboxylase Gene from Penicillium rubens and Overexpression of the Genein the Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica for Enhanced Citric Acid Production. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 18:1-14. [PMID: 26470708 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-015-9665-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a pyruvate carboxylase gene (PYC1) from a marine fungus Penicillium rubens I607 was cloned and characterized. ORF of the gene (accession number: KM397349.1) had 3534 bp encoding 1177 amino acids with a molecular weight of 127.531 kDa and a PI of 6.20. The promoter of the gene was located at -1200 bp and contained a TATAA box, several CAAT boxes and a sequence 5'-SYGGRG-3'. The PYC1 deduced from the gene had no signal peptide, was a homotetramer (α4), and had the four functional domains. After expression of the PYC1 gene from the marine fungus in the marine-derived yeast Yarrowia lipolytica SWJ-1b, the transformant PR32 obtained had much higher specific pyruvate carboxylase activity (0.53 U/mg) than Y. lipolytica SWJ-1b (0.07 U/mg), and the PYC1 gene expression (133.8%) and citric acid production (70.2 g/l) by the transformant PR32 were also greatly enhanced compared to those (100 % and 27.3 g/l) by Y. lipolytica SWJ-1b. When glucose concentration in the medium was 60.0 g/l, citric acid (CA) concentration formed by the transformant PR32 was 36.1 g/l, leading to conversion of 62.1% of glucose into CA. During a 10-l fed-batch fermentation, the final concentration of CA was 111.1 ± 1.3 g/l, the yield was 0.93 g/g, the productivity was 0.46 g/l/h, and only 1.72 g/l reducing sugar was left in the fermented medium within 240 h. HPLC analysis showed that most of the fermentation products were CA. However, minor malic acid and other unknown products also existed in the culture.
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