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ADRIAN EK, WALKER BE. Incorporation of thymidine-H3 by cells in normal and injured mouse spinal cord. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1998; 21:597-609. [PMID: 14011122 DOI: 10.1097/00005072-196210000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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27
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ARAKI T, TERZUOLO CA. Membrane currents in spinal motoneurons associated with the action potential and synaptic activity. J Neurophysiol 1998; 25:772-89. [PMID: 14013544 DOI: 10.1152/jn.1962.25.6.772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Abstract
Using isolated frog spinal cords treated lightly with pentobarbital, intracellular recordings from motor neurons revealed hyperpolarization of the membrane following selected dorsal root stimulation. The response showed 5.0 msec latency, 6.4 msec rise time, and 16.9 msec time constant of decay. Its reversal potential was 7.6 mv more negative than resting membrane potential. Threshold of the membrane for spike generation increased corresponding to the time course of the hyperpolarization. Spike potential generation following excitatory synaptic activation (dorsal root, lateral column, and adjacent ventral root) was depressed during the hyperpolarizing potential. Therefore, this hyperpolarization can be designated as inhibitory synaptic potential (IPSP). Pentobarbital sensitivity suggests a polysynaptic pathway. Evidence is presented which suggests that the IPSP is initiated from terminals on the somatic portion of the membrane.
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LUNDBERG A, NORRSELL U, VOORHOEVE P. Pyramidal effects on lumbo-sacral interneurones activated by somatic afferents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998; 56:220-9. [PMID: 13931675 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1962.tb02497.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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HAMBURGER V, BALABAN M. Observations and experiments on spontaneous rhythmical behavior in the chick embryo. Dev Biol 1998; 6:533-45. [PMID: 13952299 DOI: 10.1016/0012-1606(63)90140-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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AFZELIUS BA, FRIDBERG G. The fine structure of the caudal neurosecretory system in Raia batis. Cell Tissue Res 1998; 59:289-308. [PMID: 14011174 DOI: 10.1007/bf00320449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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34
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Abstract
The kinetics of urea transport in the central nervous system have been studied in rabbits during sustained intravenous and intracisternal infusions of C12 and C14 urea. The steady state content of urea in the water phase of the white matter and cord was approximately equal to its content in plasma water. However, the water of whole brain and gray matter had levels of urea which exceeded those in plasma by 7 and 18%, respectively, whereas the urea in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was only 78% of the plasma level. Its rate of penetration into nervous tissue was approximately one-tenth as rapid as into muscle. The intravenous infusion of urea caused a significant decrease in water content of the brain and cord. It was estimated that urea infused into the subarachnoid space penetrated the central nervous system (CNS) tissues at four to five times the rate of transport from blood to CNS tissues. These studies suggest that intravenous infusions of urea lower CSF pressure by decreasing the volume of the brain and cord. The major barrier to urea penetration into nervous tissue is at the capillary level, and not the plasma membrane of the glial or neuronal cells.
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SASAKI K, OTANI T. Accommodation in motoneurons as modified by circumstantial conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998; 12:383-96. [PMID: 13986620 DOI: 10.2170/jjphysiol.12.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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BUSCH HF. ANATOMICAL ASPECTS OF THE ANTERIOR AND LATERAL FUNICULI AT THE SPINOBULBAR JUNCTION. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 1996; 11:223-37. [PMID: 14300480 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)64050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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BEYTH J, GUTMAN J. CHANGE OF VASOMOTOR RESPONSE TO CATECHOL AMINES ON REPEATED ADMINISTRATION. BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND CHEMOTHERAPY 1996; 24:612-23. [PMID: 14340915 PMCID: PMC1704033 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1965.tb01617.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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MUKHERJEE SK. INVOLVEMENT OF ANTERIOR HORN OF SPINAL CORD IN INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1996; 1:1112. [PMID: 14270193 PMCID: PMC2165518 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5442.1112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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MCMINN RM, VRBOVA G. THE EFFECT OF TENOTOMY ON THE STRUCTURE OF FAST AND SLOW MUSCLE IN THE RABBIT. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 49:424-9. [PMID: 14223302 DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.1964.sp001748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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WELLS W, GAINES D, KOENIG H. STUDIES OF PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDE METABOLISM IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM-I. METABOLIC EFFECTS AND METABOLISM OF 6-AZAURIDINE. J Neurochem 1996; 10:709-23. [PMID: 14087684 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1963.tb08927.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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PHILLIPS CG, PORTER R. THE PYRAMIDAL PROJECTION TO MOTONEURONES OF SOME MUSCLE GROUPS OF THE BABOON'S FORELIMB. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 1996; 12:222-45. [PMID: 14202441 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)60625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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WEIR DG, GATENBY PB. SUBACUTE COMBINED DEGENERATION OF THE CORD AFTER PARTIAL GASTRECTOMY. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1996; 2:1175-6. [PMID: 14060918 PMCID: PMC1874092 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.5366.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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LLINAS R, TERZUOLO CA. MECHANISMS OF SUPRASPINAL ACTIONS UPON SPINAL CORD ACTIVITIES. RETICULAR INHIBITORY MECHANISMS UPON FLEXOR MOTONEURONS. J Neurophysiol 1996; 28:413-22. [PMID: 14283063 DOI: 10.1152/jn.1965.28.2.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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TAUB A. LOCAL, SEGMENTAL AND SUPRASPINAL INTERACTION WITH A DORSOLATERAL SPINAL CUTANEOUS AFFERENT SYSTEM. Exp Neurol 1996; 10:357-74. [PMID: 14211932 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4886(64)90006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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GELFAN S, RAPISARDA AF. SYNAPTIC DENSITY ON SPINAL NEURONS OF NORMAL DOGS AND DOGS WITH EXPERIMENTAL HIND-LIMB RIGIDITY. J Comp Neurol 1996; 123:73-96. [PMID: 14199270 DOI: 10.1002/cne.901230108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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HENATSCH HD, MANNI E, WILSON JH, DOW RS. LINKED AND INDEPENDENT RESPONSES OF TONIC ALPHA AND GAMMA HIND-LIMB MOTONEURONS TO DEEP CEREBELLAR STIMULATION. J Neurophysiol 1996; 27:172-92. [PMID: 14129769 DOI: 10.1152/jn.1964.27.2.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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