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Kleshchina IV, Eliseev II. [Characteristics of nutrition and vitamin supply in girls with metabolic syndrome]. GIGIENA I SANITARIIA 2011:68-70. [PMID: 21510051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of actual nutrition in girls with metabolic syndrome revealed excess dietary energy value due to the higher intake of fat and carbohydrates (mono- and disaccharides in particular) and the low intake of vitamin E. The vitamin status of the majority of girls with metabolic syndrome showed varying blood and urinary vitamin E, C, and B, deficiencies.
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[The alteration of vitamin status of adult population of the Russisn Federation in 1987-2009 (to the 40th anniversary of the Laboratory of Vitamins and Minerals of Institute of Nutrition at Russian Academy of Medical Sciences)]. Vopr Pitan 2010; 79:68-72. [PMID: 20804014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring of vitamin status of various groups of adult population (by vitamin serum blood level evaluation) during the period since 1987 on 2009 has shown that an authentic improvement of sufficiency with vitamin C takes place. At the present time the deficiency of B group vitamins has been determined much more often than the deficit of vitamins C, A and E. The revealed deficiencies don't depend on a place of residing and a professional accessory and, as a rule, affect not any one vitamin, but have a character of combined insufficiency of B group vitamins and some other vitamins.
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Krasikov SI, Kuz'micheva NA, Alekhina EM. [Impact of environmental pollution with variable valence metals on the pediatric population's provision with vitamins in an agroindustrial region]. GIGIENA I SANITARIIA 2009:35-38. [PMID: 19799222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The urinary and serum levels of vitamins B1, B2, B3, A, E, and C were analyzed in 300 children aged 2 to 7 years, who lived in the Orenburg Regions areas having a varying oxidative load. The most severe deficiency of vitamins was observed in the children residing in the regional area characterized by the highest oxidative load.
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Pilz S, Henry RMA, Snijder MB, van Dam RM, Nijpels G, Stehouwer CDA, Tomaschitz A, Pieber TR, Dekker JM. 25-hydroxyvitamin D is not associated with carotid intima-media thickness in older men and women. Calcif Tissue Int 2009; 84:423-4. [PMID: 19308629 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-009-9238-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Eastell R, Arnold A, Brandi ML, Brown EM, D'Amour P, Hanley DA, Rao DS, Rubin MR, Goltzman D, Silverberg SJ, Marx SJ, Peacock M, Mosekilde L, Bouillon R, Lewiecki EM. Diagnosis of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: proceedings of the third international workshop. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94:340-50. [PMID: 19193909 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2008-1758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common clinical problem. The purpose of this report is to guide the use of diagnostic tests for this condition in clinical practice. PARTICIPANTS Interested professional societies selected a representative for the consensus committee and provided funding for a one-day meeting. A subgroup of this committee set the program and developed key questions for review. Consensus was established at a closed meeting that followed. The conclusions were then circulated to the participating professional societies. EVIDENCE Each question was addressed by a relevant literature search (on PubMed), and the data were presented for discussion at the group meeting. CONSENSUS PROCESS Consensus was achieved by a group meeting. Statements were prepared by all authors, with comments relating to accuracy from the diagnosis subgroup and by representatives from the participating professional societies. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that: 1) reference ranges should be established for serum PTH in vitamin D-replete healthy individuals; 2) second- and third-generation PTH assays are both helpful in the diagnosis of PHPT; 3) DNA sequence testing can be useful in familial hyperparathyroidism or hypercalcemia; 4) normocalcemic PHPT is a variant of the more common presentation of PHPT with hypercalcemia; 5) serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels should be measured and, if vitamin D insufficiency is present, it should be treated as part of any management course; and 6) the estimated glomerular filtration rate should be used to determine the level of kidney function in PHPT: an estimated glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 ml/min.1.73 m2 should be a benchmark for decisions about surgery in established asymptomatic PHPT.
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Boĭko ER, Potolitsyna NN, Boĭko SG, Larina VE, Zelenov VA. [Functional reserves of humans in North condition and its providing of fat-soluble vitamins]. Vopr Pitan 2008; 77:64-67. [PMID: 18669334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
It was been examined 810 healthy peoples inhabited in Russian European North. It was been shown that more than 35% of examined person from different group have lowered serum level of retinol and alpha-tocopherol. Described that alpha-tocopherol deficits occur more often and proposed that it cased as a result of free radical oxidation typical for North inhabitances.
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Li Y, Zhang J. Serum concentrations of antioxidant vitamins and carotenoids are low in individuals with a history of attempted suicide. Nutr Neurosci 2007; 10:51-8. [PMID: 17539483 DOI: 10.1080/10284150701250747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE Low consumption of fruits and vegetable has been reported in individuals with psychiatric disorders. We tested the hypothesis that antioxidant vitamins and carotenoids rich in fruits and vegetable may be consequently low among attempters. DESIGN AND METHODS As a part of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-1994, serum vitamins and carotenoids were measured in 6680 adults aged 17-39 years, who also completed a mental disorder diagnostic interview. Serum levels below gender-specific 1st quartile of the population were defined as low, otherwise as normal. RESULTS Compared with non-attempters, prevalence ratios (PRs) of low alpha-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin in attempters were 1.45 (95% CI = 1.06-1.98) and 2.12 (1.47-3.08), respectively, the mean differences (nonattempter-attempter) of vitamin C, lutein/zeaxanthin and lycopene were 6.071 mmol/1 (SE = 1.948, p < 0.005), 0.041 micromol/l (0.015, p < 0.005) and 0.045 micromol/l (0.015, p < 0.005) respectively. Total carotenoid was significantly lower (PR = 2.34 (1.56-3.49) and mean difference = 0.142 (0.058) micromol/l). These differences were reduced by adjustment for fruit/vegetables consumption, vitamin supplementation and serum cotinine, but remain significant for beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene and total carotenoids. CONCLUSION A history of attempted suicide is associated with low levels of antioxidant vitamins and carotenoids. Clinical importance of low antioxidants in attempters and interventional opportunity warrant further examination.
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Assantachai P, Lekhakula S. Epidemiological survey of vitamin deficiencies in older Thai adults: implications for national policy planning. Public Health Nutr 2007; 10:65-70. [PMID: 17212845 DOI: 10.1017/s136898000720494x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence and risk factors of vitamin deficiencies among older Thai adults. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted in four rural communities, one from each of the four main regions of Thailand. In total, 2336 subjects aged 60 years and over were recruited. Anthropometric variables, demographic data, blood glucose and lipid profile, albumin, globulin and blood levels of vitamin A, beta-carotene, folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin B1 were all measured. RESULTS The prevalence of vitamin deficiencies was 0.6% for vitamin B12, 6.1% for vitamin A, 9.9% for vitamin C, 30.1% for vitamin B1, 38.8% for erythrocyte folate, 55.5% for vitamin E and 83.0% for beta-carotene. Male gender was a common risk factor for at least three vitamin deficiencies, i.e. beta-carotene, folate and vitamin E. Being a manual worker was a common risk factor of beta-carotene and vitamin B1 deficiency. Poor income was found as a risk factor only in erythrocyte folate deficiency while increasing age was a significant factor only in vitamin C deficiency. CONCLUSION The prevalence of vitamin deficiencies among older Thai people was quite different from that found in Western countries, reflecting different socio-economic backgrounds. Vitamin deficiency was not only from poor food intake but also from the dietary habit of monotonous food consumption in older people. Some common associated factors of atherosclerosis were also significantly related to folate and vitamin E deficiencies.
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Lewerin C, Ljungman S, Nilsson-Ehle H. Glomerular filtration rate as measured by serum cystatin C is an important determinant of plasma homocysteine and serum methylmalonic acid in the elderly. J Intern Med 2007; 261:65-73. [PMID: 17222169 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2006.01732.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the dependence of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) on plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) and serum methylmalonic acid (MMA), as well as the consequences for the diagnosis of cobalamin and/or folic acid deficiency in an elderly community-dwelling population. DESIGN AND SETTING Population-based study of 209 community-dwelling subjects, mean age 76 years. INTERVENTIONS Four months' treatment study with oral vitamin B(12), folic acid and B(6) or placebo. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Determinants of tHcy and MMA: cystatin C as a marker of GFR and serum/plasma concentrations of vitamin B(12) and folate, age and sex. RESULTS Elevated cystatin C (>1.55 mg L(-1)) was found in 31.3% (men) and 13.0% (women). Elevated tHcy (> or = 16 micromol L(-1)) occurred in 53% and elevated MMA (> or = 0.34 micromol L(-1)) in 11% of all subjects. When GFR was taken into consideration, the proportion of elevated tHcy was reduced to 10% (20/209), whilst the proportion of elevated MMA was unchanged. Cystatin C was correlated with tHcy (r = 0.45, P < 0.001) and with MMA (r =0.28, P < 0.001), independently of vitamin B(12)- and folate status. According to multiple regression, independent predictors for tHcy were plasma folate (15%), cystatin C (11%) and vitamin B(12) (4%), and for MMA, cystatin C (8%) and vitamin B(12) (2%). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of elevated tHcy may be overestimated in elderly populations unless GFR is taken into account. Nomograms for evaluation of tHcy and MMA in relation to both cystatin C and serum creatinine are presented.
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Bayle S, Tardy B, Page Y, Diconne E, Zeni F, Bertrand JC. When vitamin deficiency mimics thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. J Am Geriatr Soc 2006; 54:369-70. [PMID: 16460397 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.00592_3.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Latz JE, Rusthoven JJ, Karlsson MO, Ghosh A, Johnson RD. Clinical application of a semimechanistic-physiologic population PK/PD model for neutropenia following pemetrexed therapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2005; 57:427-35. [PMID: 16322992 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-005-0035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2004] [Accepted: 04/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of these analyses was to examine the effect of variations in the explanatory factors of neutropenic response, identified by semimechanistic-physiologic population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling, on clinically important features of the absolute neutrophil count (ANC)-time profile (e.g, the nadir of the ANC [NANC], its timing [T (Nadir)], and the timecourse of recovery [T (Rec)]). METHODS Correlation analyses were used to evaluate the relationship of NANC, T (Nadir), and T (Rec) as a function of overall systemic exposure (AUC) and each of the covariates contained in the population PK/PD model. Simulations using the final PK/PD model were used to generate complete ANC-time profiles. Frequency counts of NANCs from the simulated profiles were used to quantitatively explore differences in the incidence and severity of neutropenia associated with a variety of scenarios (500 mg/m2 versus 600 mg/m2, normal vitamin deficiency markers versus elevated vitamin deficiency markers, and body surface area-based versus renal function-based dosing) and to evaluate the effect of individual explanatory factors with respect to neutropenic response. RESULTS Information obtained from correlation analysis and simulations was helpful in quantitatively exploring the impact of dose, exposure, and/or patient characteristics on neutropenic response. The information gained from these simulations provided supportive evidence for the decision to routinely include vitamin supplementation during pemetrexed treatment as a means of managing the risk of severe neutropenia secondary to pemetrexed administration. These techniques also provided information regarding the specific T (Nadir) and T( Rec) for inclusion in product labeling and suggested that a 14-day treatment cycle might be feasible for pemetrexed. CONCLUSION For population PK/PD models, to provide useful information for the practicing clinician or the clinical development team, it is not sufficient to look only at influences of covariates on model parameters. Rather, the modeling results need to be carefully investigated in terms of clinically relevant measures.
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Akhmetova SV, Terekhin SP. [Blood levels of vitamins in neonatal infants before and after correction of vitamin deficiency in their mothers]. GIGIENA I SANITARIIA 2005:40-3. [PMID: 16149309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents the data of a study of the vitamin status in the neonatal infants before and after correction of vitamin deficiency in their apparently healthy mothers.
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Kodentsova VM, Vrzhesinskaia OA. [Vitamin metabolism and status in patients with gastrointestinal diseases]. Vopr Pitan 2005; 74:41-5. [PMID: 16265916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Principle differences in vitamin C, B2, B6, A, E and carotenoids sufficiency of healthy suffering from gastrointestinal diseases (gastric and duodenal ulcer, chronic gastritis, dyskinesia bile tracts) ulc adults and children has not been determined by means of the statistic analysis including such parameters as median, mode, insufficiency frequency, curves of vitamin blood plasma concentration distribution. Polyhypovitaminosis frequency among patients is a result of low vitamin content in reduced diets but not reflect vitamin metabolism alteration.
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Brosnan JT. Homocysteine and Cardiovascular Disease: Interactions Between Nutrition, Genetics and Lifestyle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 29:773-80. [PMID: 15630149 DOI: 10.1139/h04-050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that arises during methionine metabolism. Although its concentration in plasma is only about 10 micromolar, even moderate hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease. Elevations in plasma homocysteine are commonly found as a result of vitamin deficiencies, polymorphisms of enzymes of methionine metabolism, and renal disease. Pyridoxal, folic acid, riboflavin, and Vitamin B12 are all required for methionine metabolism, and deficiences of each of these vitamins result in elevated plasma homocysteine. A polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (C677T), which is quite common in most populations with a homozygosity rate of 10-15%, is associated with moderate hyperhomocysteinemia, especially in the context of marginal folate intake. Plasma homocysteine is inversely related to plasma creatinine in patients with renal disease. This is due to an impairment in homocysteine removal in renal disease. The role of these factors, and of modifiable life style factors, in affecting methionone metabolism and in determining plasma homocysteine levels is discussed. Key words: methionine, liver metabolism, folic acid, vitamin B12, polymorphisms, neural tube defects, end-stage renal disease, coffee consumption
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Lelevich VV, Borodinskiĭ AN. [Role of vitamins in metabolic correction of alcohol intoxication]. UKRAINS'KYI BIOKHIMICHNYI ZHURNAL (1999 ) 2004; 76:86-89. [PMID: 19621761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The status of some vitamins during chronic alcohol intoxication was considered. The efficacy and expediency of vitamin therapy in comprehensive treatment of alcoholism has been proved.
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Kurth C, Wegerer V, Reulbach U, Lewczuk P, Kornhuber J, Steinhoff BJ, Bleich S. Analysis of hippocampal atrophy in alcoholic patients by a Kohonen feature map. Neuroreport 2004; 15:367-71. [PMID: 15076770 DOI: 10.1097/00001756-200402090-00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the correlation of hippocampal volume with homocysteine, folate, vitamin B12 and B6 in alcoholic patients and healthy controls applying a Kohonen feature map (KFM) and conventional statistics. Representation of subjects on the KFM suggested an inverse correlation of hippocampal volume with blood levels of homocysteine and correlation with folate and vitamin B6. In conventional statistical analyses (t-test) reduced folate and increased homocysteine was found in alcoholics compared to healthy controls (p < 0.01). In female alcoholics vitamin B6 was reduced significantly (p = 0.03). Multiple linear regression analyses showed a significant correlation between average hippocampal volume and homocysteine (p < 0.001). KFM proved to be a sensitive tool for visualisation of statistical correlations in data sets even if no further statistical information is available.
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Abstract
Non-Asian individuals with Down syndrome are much more likely to develop epileptic seizure disorders than individuals without Down syndrome. Examination of nutrient and metabolite levels in patients with these two seemingly disparate disorders reveals numerous similarities. Compared to individuals without these disorders, individuals with Down syndrome and individuals with seizures may have lower levels of vitamin A, vitamin B1, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin C, magnesium, manganese, selenium, zinc, carnitine, carnosine, choline, and possibly serine. Excesses of copper, cysteine, phenylalanine, and superoxide dismutase are also sometimes encountered in both disorders. In addition to common nutritional lower levels and excesses, disorders of metabolism involving vitamin B6, vitamin D, calcium, and tryptophan may play a common role. This paper hypothesizes that nutritional factors may account for the high joint occurrence of these conditions. Further examination of these data may provide insights into nutritional, metabolic and pharmacological treatments for both conditions.
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Ihara H, Hashizume N. [Evidence-based medicine (EBM) for assessment of vitamin deficiency]. RINSHO BYORI. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY 2003; Suppl 127:24-30. [PMID: 14653210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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Mathew JL, Kabi BC, Rath B. Anti-oxidant vitamins and steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome in Indian children. J Paediatr Child Health 2002; 38:450-37. [PMID: 12354259 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1754.2002.00016.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, it has been proposed that nephrotic syndrome is a consequence of an imbalance between oxidant and anti-oxidant activity. In the present study, the levels of micronutrient anti-oxidant vitamins (vitamin E, vitamin C, carotene and riboflavin) in Indian children with steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome were investigated. Their levels were measured during the acute proteinuric phase of the disease, as well as during clinical recovery (remission), in order to understand the possible role of nutritionally modifiable anti-oxidants in the aetiopathogenesis of the disease. METHODS The study was a hospital based, prospective cohort study. Serum and erythrocyte vitamin E, leucocyte vitamin C, serum carotene, erythrocyte riboflavin activity and serum malonyldialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in 30 consecutive cases of children with nephrotic syndrome (International Study of Kidney Diseases in Children (ISKDC) criteria) during the proteinuric phase of the disease and at 4 weeks after remission was induced by steroid therapy. The same biochemical parameters were measured in healthy siblings (controls) of the 30 patients. RESULTS Mean vitamin E (serum and erythrocyte), vitamin C and carotene were significantly lower during the proteinuric phase of the disease, and there was decreased erythrocyte riboflavin activity. There was significant elevation in the serum level of MDA during this phase. In addition, all these parameters tended to improve during remission, although complete normalization did not occur. CONCLUSION These vitamins were active in performing their anti-oxidant function, as indicated by significant depression in their levels during the acute (proteinuric) phase, followed by partial recovery during remission. It may be concluded that steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome in children is associated with oxidative stress.
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McDuffie JR, Calis KA, Booth SL, Uwaifo GI, Yanovski JA. Effects of orlistat on fat-soluble vitamins in obese adolescents. Pharmacotherapy 2002; 22:814-22. [PMID: 12126214 DOI: 10.1592/phco.22.11.814.33627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine whether orlistat causes fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies in African-American and Caucasian adolescents. DESIGN Prospective, open-label pilot study. SETTING Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health. PATIENTS Seventeen adolescents with body mass indexes above the 95th percentile for age, race, and gender who also had at least one obesity-related comorbid condition. INTERVENTION Subjects received orlistat 120 mg 3 times/day and a daily multivitamin supplement containing vitamin A 5000 IU, vitamin D 400 IU, vitamin E 300 IU, and vitamin K 25 microg. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS During 3-6 months of orlistat treatment, acute absorption of retinol (vitamin A) was not significantly altered, but absorption of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) was significantly reduced compared with baseline levels (p<0.001). Serum levels of vitamins A and E did not change significantly; however, there was a nonsignificant decrease in vitamin K. Mean vitamin D levels were significantly reduced compared with baseline (p<0.02) after 1 month of orlistat, despite multivitamin supplementation. CONCLUSION It may be prudent to monitor vitamin D concentrations in adolescents who take orlistat, even when a multivitamin is prescribed.
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Wattanapenpaiboon N. Cardiovascular risk in the Asia-Pacific region from a nutrition and metabolic point of view: vitamin deficiencies. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2002; 10:103-7. [PMID: 11710347 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6047.2001.00221.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the past, recommended vitamin or micronutrient intakes have often been based on levels that were adequate to prevent clinical deficiencies from developing. Once these levels were reached, clinicians and nutrition scientists generally attributed little value to higher vitamin intake from supplements or food sources. Evidence has continued to mount showing that the intake and serum concentration of certain vitamins above those necessary to prevent clinical deficiencies, might importantly influence health status. This paper discusses the association of anti-oxidant vitamins and cardiovascular disease, and the association of low intake or serum concentrations of folate, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12, and elevated serum homocysteine, resulting in an increase in vascular disease risk.
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Baker H, DeAngelis B, Holland B, Gittens-Williams L, Barrett T. Vitamin profile of 563 gravidas during trimesters of pregnancy. J Am Coll Nutr 2002; 21:33-7. [PMID: 11838885 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2002.10719191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gestation imposes metabolic stress on the mother which heightens as pregnancy progresses. The need for quantifying circulating vitamins is important for identifying pitfalls in metabolic imbalance and nutritional status. For this reason we wanted to analyze blood vitamin concentrations of B12, thiamin, biotin, pantothenate, B6, niacin, riboflavin, folate, vitamins A, C, E and total carotenes to determine if imbalances occur during the trimesters of pregnancy. METHODS We randomly selected 563 gravidas who volunteered for this study from the obstetrical clinic of New Jersey Medical School; 132 were in 1st trimester, 198 were in 2nd trimester, and 233 were in 3rd trimester. All were healthy, taking a good diet and supplemented with vitamins. Blood, from an antecubital vein, was analyzed for thiamin, biotin, B12, B6, pantothenate, riboflavin, nicotinate, folates, vitamins A, E, C and total carotenes. Gravidas were classified as being normovitaminemic, hypervitaminemic or hypovitaminemic compared with blood vitamins seen in healthy non-pregnant, non-vitamin supplemented women. RESULT Hypervitaminemic levels of folate, biotin, pantothenate and riboflavin were found during any trimester of pregnancy due to vitamin supplementation. Despite the vitamin supplementation, a high percent of vitamin A, B6, niacin. thiamin and B 12 hypovitaminemia was noted during pregnancy trimesters. An especially high percentage of niacin deficiency was seen during the 1st trimester; it worsened in later trimesters; B12 deficits increased during the late trimesters. Combination deficits of niacin, thiamin, vitamins A, B6, B12 were noted in each of the trimesters. CONCLUSIONS Despite vitamin supplementation, a vitamin profile of pregnancy indicates that vitamin deficits exist during the trimesters. Also, combination hypovitaminemias of deficient vitamins were noted; this indicates that a vitamin deficit during pregnancy does not occur in isolation.
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Sidorov PI, Kirpich IA, Sorokovoi VI, Solov'ev AG, Buravkov SV, Degteva GN. Scanning electron microscopy of rat erythrocytes during chronic alcoholic intoxication combined with protein and vitamin deficit. Bull Exp Biol Med 2001; 132:705-8. [PMID: 11687858 DOI: 10.1023/a:1012548816530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2001] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Electron microscopy revealed morphological changes in erythrocytes from rats with chronic alcoholic intoxication kept on protein- and vitamin B-deficient rations. All animals had anisopoikilocytosis (up to 50%). Most pronounced changes in erythrocyte population attesting to accelerated erythrocyte aging (stomato- and microcytosis, discocyte swelling, and spontaneous hemolysis) were found in alcohol-fed rats kept on deficient ration.
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Bartesaghi S, Accinni R, De Leo G, Cursano CF, Campolo J, Galluzzo C, Vegezzi PG, Parodi O. A new HPLC micromethod to measure total plasma homocysteine in newborn. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2001; 24:1137-41. [PMID: 11248510 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(00)00573-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) in children may be an useful biochemical marker for genetic risk of premature cardiovascular disease. We reported a rapid, isocratic HPLC method able to process very small amount of newborn plasma samples. A blood sample from heel capillary circulation was collected, using a heparinized capillary glass tube. Plasma sample from 1 to 10 microl was derivatized with ammonium-7-fluorobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole-4-sulphonate after reduction with tri-n-butylphosphine and analyzed on Discovery C18 column, with a solution of acetonitrile-dihydrogenphosphate 0.1 M (8:92 v/v pH*2.1). This assay ensures a good recovery (95%), precision (CV 4.5%) and linearity (y=2.41x + 0.31, r=1). Due to its simplicity and reliability, our method is suitable for routine analysis of tHcy and other aminothiols (Cys, Cys-Gly, GSH) assessed for clinical and research purposes. With this HPLC method we have assayed tHcy levels in 1400 apparently healthy newborn babies (tHcy mean value=4.9+/-2.7 microM). In conclusion, this accurate and linear HPLC method allows measurement of tHcy in newborn during the routinary capillary blood collection in the fourth living day without any other invasive procedure.
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