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Chatterjee S. Digital gangrene in a woman with scleroderma. CMAJ 2022; 194:E649. [PMID: 35534026 PMCID: PMC9259403 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.212106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Sil A, Chakraborty U, Chandra A, Biswas SK. COVID-19 associated symmetrical peripheral gangrene: A case series. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102356. [PMID: 34920197 PMCID: PMC8626894 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has turned the world topsy-turvy since its onset in 2019. The thromboinflammatory complications of this disease are common in critically ill patients and associated with poor prognosis. Symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) is characterized by symmetrical distal gangrene in absence of any large vessel occlusion or vasculitis and it is usually associated with critical illness. Our aim was to report the clinical profile and outcome of patients diagnosed with SPG associated with COVID-19. To the best of our knowledge, no such similar cases have been reported till date. METHODS In this case series, we have discussed the clinical presentation, laboratory parameters and outcome in a series of two patients of SPG associated with COVID-19 and also compared those findings. Due to paucity of data, we also reviewed the literature on this under-diagnosed and rarely reported condition and association. RESULTS Two consecutive patients (both males, age range: 37-42 years, mean: 39.5 years) were admitted with the diagnosis of COVID-19 associated SPG. Both patients had clinical and laboratory evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Leucopenia was noted in both patients. Despite vigorous therapy, both patients succumbed to their illness within a fortnight of admission. CONCLUSION SPG in the background of COVID-19 portends a fatal outcome. Physicians should be aware of its grim prognosis.
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Elmalik EE, Bayoumi MAA. Reversible bilateral lower limb gangrene in a neonate at birth. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:e243959. [PMID: 34544707 PMCID: PMC8454447 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-243959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Rastogi A, Dogra H, Jude EB. COVID-19 and peripheral arterial complications in people with diabetes and hypertension: A systematic review. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15:102204. [PMID: 34303918 PMCID: PMC8266514 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Identify the prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of lower extremity ischemic complications. METHODS A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed and SCOPUS databases for SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and peripheral arterial complications. RESULTS Overall 476 articles were retrieved and 31 articles describing 133 patients were included. The mean age was 65.4 years. Pain and gangrene were the most common presentation. Hypertension (51.3%), diabetes (31.9%) and hypercholesterolemia (17.6%) were associated co-morbidities. Overall, 30.1% of patients died and amputation was required in 11.8% patients. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 patients with diabetes or hypertension are susceptible for lower limb complications and require therapeutic anti-coagulation.
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Freire de Carvalho J, Shoenfeld Y. Gangrene and Livedo Reticularis in Antiphospholipid Syndrome. THE ISRAEL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION JOURNAL : IMAJ 2021; 23:601-602. [PMID: 34472238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
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Jacob AG, Koshy JM, Deodhar D, John M. Peripheral Gangrene Associated with Disseminated Tuberculosis - a Rare Manifestation. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2021; 69:11-12. [PMID: 34472816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With global resurgence of M. tuberculosis infection, cases of extra pulmonary TB have also shown an increase. Tuberculosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in India. Although disseminated tuberculosis can affect most of the organs, vasculitis presenting as peripheral gangrene as a manifestation of tuberculosis is very rare. We report the case of a 70 years old male who presented with gangrene of left leg complicating disseminated tuberculosis.
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Danset M, Lesort C, Jullien D, Kanitakis J. Cutaneous calciphylaxis of the glans penis presenting as a gangrenous ulceration. Dermatol Online J 2021; 27:13030/qt4qq316vx. [PMID: 33865284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Report _Case Presentation X Photo Vignette _Letter Authors declare that the contents of this article are their own original unpublished findings. Title: Cutaneous calciphylaxis of the glans penis presenting as a gangrenous ulceration Authors: Marie Danset, Cécile Lesort, Denis Jullien, Jean Kanitakis Affiliations: Dermatology Department, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France Corresponding Author: Jean Kanitakis, Department of Dermatology, Edouard Herriot Hospital Group, 69437 Lyon Cedex 03, France, Tel: 33-472110301, Email: jean.kanitakis@univ-lyon1.fr Abstract: Calciphylaxis is a rare microvascular disorder causing necrotic skin ulcers. It is characterized by deposits of calcium within vascular walls but its precise pathogenesis remains poorly understood. A major risk factor is end-stage renal disease on dialysis. We report a 67-year-old man with calciphylaxis revealed by an unusual necrotic ulcer of the glans penis. The patient also presented with bilateral panniculitis of the thighs and a calf ulcer. All those lesions were painful, highlighting the value of pain as a diagnostic clue. Penile involvement of calciphylaxis is rare and biopsy is often avoided in this area. However, rapid diagnosis of calciphylaxis is important because early treatment has a better chance of being successful. Our patient's condition deteriorated rapidly with development of bilateral retinal artery occlusion and he died shortly thereafter. This case further highlights the fact that calciphylaxis is a systemic vascular disease with an ominous prognosis.
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Jadhav DV, Mendonca D, Kotinatot S, Shankar S, Mazmi MA. Nitroglycerin patch use in digital ischemia secondary to sepsis: a case report. Pan Afr Med J 2021; 38:114. [PMID: 33912284 PMCID: PMC8051252 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.114.27279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis results in intense disturbances in homoeostasis and is responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality in early infancy. Owing to insufficiency on part of infant to develop adequate inflammatory response to localize the infection, they usually progress to disseminated systemic infection, pneumonia and/or meningitis. We present the case of a 26 weeks preterm boy with acute digital ischemia in right index finger progressing to impending gangrene as a manifestation of septicemia. Use of topical nitroglycerin patch with meticulous monitoring successfully alleviated the impending peripheral gangrene without any adverse effects.
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Ramachandran R, Vasudevan Pillai A, Raja S, Sailesh S. Axillary artery thrombosis resulting in upper limb amputation as a COVID-19 sequela. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:e240981. [PMID: 33500313 PMCID: PMC7839882 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-240981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel COVID-19 continues to intrigue medical professionals with its varied presentations. Though it affects the respiratory tract primarily, thrombogenesis has been the Achilles' heel. A 44-year-old man diagnosed with COVID-19 presented with upper limb pain at a local hospital and was found to have thrombosis of the right axillary artery. Despite a successful embolectomy at the local hospital, there was re-occlusion of the axillary artery and the limb became ischaemic. He was referred to our institution by which time the limb became gangrenous above the elbow and had to be amputated. Extensive sloughing of the nerves was also seen in the local area. Hypercoagulability presenting with various manifestations is common in COVID-19 and needs early anticoagulation. We present this asymptomatic patient who lost a limb to this COVID-19 sequelae.
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Ferreras C, Gorito V, Coelho AR, Valente D, Amoedo P, Nogueira A, Rodrigues M, Brito I. Juvenile gangrenous vasculitis of the scrotum - a rare entity. ACTA REUMATOLOGICA PORTUGUESA 2021; 46:82-84. [PMID: 33825722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
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Ramu R, Arya V, Sharma A, Rana R. Peripheral Gangrene in a Rare Scleroderma Overlap Syndrome. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2021; 69:74-75. [PMID: 34227780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
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Warkentin TE, Ning S, Lim W. Colloid Transfusion, Natural Anticoagulant Depletion, and Symmetric Peripheral Gangrene. N Engl J Med 2020; 383:1592-1594. [PMID: 33053292 DOI: 10.1056/nejmc2021690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yasmin F, Jawaid H, Batra S, Vighio AA, Shaikh MA. A rare case of gangrenous foot in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus. J PAK MED ASSOC 2020; 70:1869-1873. [PMID: 33159775 DOI: 10.47391/jpma.642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This report describes a rare case of Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (JSLE). A young 13-year-old girl presented to the Civil Hospital Karachi on February 15, 2019 with gangrene as the only manifestation of this autoimmune disease. JSLE has several clinical manifestations such as butterfly rash, fever, joint pain, cardiac problems like pericardial infusion and neuropsychiatric disorders. However, in this case gangrene was the only presenting symptom; only laboratory investigations - anti-SSA and anti-ribosomal P protein - were suggestive of JSLE, while anti dsDNA, considered to be the most sensitive and reliable diagnostic tool for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), was negative. Raynaud's phenomenon and gangrene have been described as rare symptoms, with gangrene occurring in only a small percentage of SLE patients. Moreover, the patient had received a blood transfusion a few months ago in Hyderabad which was suspected to be the cause of the transmission of infection which lead to polyclonal activation of lymphocytes.
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Adekiigbe R, Ugbode F, Seoparson S, Katriyar N, Fetterman A. A 47-Year-Old Hispanic Man Who Developed Cutaneous Vasculitic Lesions and Gangrene of the Toes Following Admission to Hospital with COVID-19 Pneumonia. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2020; 21:e926886. [PMID: 32999267 PMCID: PMC7533950 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.926886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which originated in Wuhan, China, in late 2019 and has led to an ongoing pandemic. COVID-19 typically affects the respiratory tract and mucous membranes, leading to pathological involvement of various organ systems. Although patients usually present with fever, cough, and fatigue, less common manifestations have been reported including symptoms arising from thrombosis and thromboembolism. A spectrum of dermatologic changes is becoming recognized in patients with COVID-19 who initially present with respiratory symptoms. The mechanism behind these manifestations remains unclear. This report presents the case of a 47-year-old Hispanic man who developed cutaneous vasculitic lesions and gangrene of the toes following admission to hospital with COVID-19 pneumonia. CASE REPORT COVID-19 has been associated with cardiovascular disease entities including stroke, acute coronary syndrome, venous thromboembolism, and peripheral vascular disease. We present a case in which a 47-year-old Hispanic man arrived at the Emergency Department with COVID-19 and was admitted for respiratory failure. Despite anticoagulation initiated on admission in the presence of an elevated D-dimer, the patient developed gangrene of all his toes, which required bilateral transmetatarsal amputation. CONCLUSIONS This case shows that dermatologic manifestations may develop in patients who initially present with COVID-19 pneumonia. These symptoms may be due to venous thrombosis following SARS-CoV-2 vasculitis, leading to challenging decisions regarding anticoagulation therapy. Randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of anticoagulation, to choose appropriate anticoagulants and dosing, and to assess bleeding risk.
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Sohail M, Alyson T, Sim SK, Nik Azim NA. Intestinal knotting: A case report and brief literature review. THE MEDICAL JOURNAL OF MALAYSIA 2020; 75:606-608. [PMID: 32918439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ileo-ileal knotting is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction. In this condition, one bowel loop makes a knot with an adjacent bowel loop, resulting in mechanical obstruction and even gangrene of the bowel. We present a case of a young girl with ileo-ileal knotting resulting in a closed-loop obstruction and gangrene of the small bowel loop. This is a difficult condition to diagnose; a high index of suspicion and early surgical intervention are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality.
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Bruni A, Garofalo E, Zuccalà V, Currò G, Torti C, Navarra G, De Sarro G, Navalesi P, Longhini F, Ammendola M. Histopathological findings in a COVID-19 patient affected by ischemic gangrenous cholecystitis. World J Emerg Surg 2020; 15:43. [PMID: 32615987 PMCID: PMC7330255 DOI: 10.1186/s13017-020-00320-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since its first documentation, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection has emerged worldwide, with the consequent declaration of a pandemic disease (COVID-19). Severe forms of acute respiratory failure can develop. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 may affect organs other than the lung, such as the liver, with frequent onset of late cholestasis. We here report the histological findings of a COVID-19 patient, affected by a tardive complication of acute ischemic and gangrenous cholecystitis with a perforated and relaxed gallbladder needing urgent surgery. CASE PRESENTATION A 59-year-old Caucasian male, affected by acute respiratory failure secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection was admitted to our intensive care unit (ICU). Due to the severity of the disease, invasive mechanical ventilation was instituted and SARS-CoV-2 treatment (azithromycin 250 mg once-daily and hydroxychloroquine 200 mg trice-daily) started. Enoxaparin 8000 IU twice-daily was also administered subcutaneously. At day 8 of ICU admission, the clinical condition improved and patient was extubated. At day 32, patient revealed abdominal pain without signs of peritonism at examination, with increased inflammatory and cholestasis indexes at blood tests. At a first abdominal CT scan, perihepatic effusion and a relaxed gallbladder with dense content were detected. The surgeon decided to wait and see the evolution of clinical conditions. The day after, conditions further worsened and a laparotomic cholecystectomy was performed. A relaxed and perforated ischemic gangrenous gallbladder, with a local tissue inflammation and perihepatic fluid, was intraoperatively met. The gallbladder and a sample of omentum, adherent to the gallbladder, were also sent for histological examination. Hematoxylin-eosin-stained slides display inflammatory infiltration and endoluminal obliteration of vessels, with wall breakthrough, hemorrhagic infarction, and nerve hypertrophy of the gallbladder. The mucosa of the gallbladder appears also atrophic. Omentum vessels also appear largely thrombosed. Immunohistochemistry demonstrates an endothelial overexpression of medium-size vessels (anti-CD31), while not in micro-vessels, with a remarkable activity of macrophages (anti-CD68) and T helper lymphocytes (anti-CD4) against gallbladder vessels. All these findings define a histological diagnosis of vasculitis of the gallbladder. CONCLUSIONS Ischemic gangrenous cholecystitis can be a tardive complication of COVID-19, and it is characterized by a dysregulated host inflammatory response and thrombosis of medium-size vessels.
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Ozasa M, Fujikawa K, Ozasa S, Sakaguchi R, Furukawa K, Ueki N, Uchida T, Nakashima M, Mizokami A. Limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis with gangrene: an autopsy case. Mod Rheumatol Case Rep 2020; 4:243-247. [PMID: 33087012 DOI: 10.1080/24725625.2019.1702495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We describe an autopsy case of a 75-year-old female with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc) and gangrene due to macrovascular involvement. She was diagnosed with lcSSc complicated with pulmonary arterial hypertension and digital ulcers 9 years before admission. She had recurrent and refractory lower limb ulcers (LLUs), and died because of sepsis caused by gangrene infection. Autopsy findings revealed severely thickened arterial walls of the visceral organs, consistent with vascular involvement of SSc. Systemic vascular involvement in lcSSc may progress in patients with LLUs who harbour several risk factors for vascular involvement.
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Durdana S, Rizwan A. Peripheral symmetrical gangrene due to severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a case report. Trop Doct 2020; 50:251-253. [PMID: 32437296 DOI: 10.1177/0049475520925378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We present a patient with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria of seven days' duration who developed an altered sensorium of one day. During hospital admission, peripheral symmetrical gangrene of hands and feet followed, despite normal limb vasculature.
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Ejagwulu FS, Amaefule KE, Lawal YZ, Maitama IM, Audu SS, Delia T. Peripheral Gangrene and Extremity Amputations - Painful Preventable Sequelae of Meningococcal Septicaemia: Case Series Reports. West Afr J Med 2020; 37:189-196. [PMID: 32150639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Extremity gangrene is a fairly common pathology, which complicates systemic vascular and endocrine diseases. Most often, it is encountered in diseases like uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus, presenting as diabetic foot gangrene, severe peripheral arteriosclerosis with gangrene of the extremity complicating severe uncontrolled systemic hypertension and meningococcal septicaemia with peripheral gangrene. It also occurs in some cases of snake bite as well as frost bite (in regions with extreme cold weather conditions). Some of them present as monolateral extremity gangrene. However, others present as bilateral symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) characterized by bilateral extremity ischaemia resulting in gangrene in which there is no major vascular occlusive disease. There is disseminated intravascular coagulation with the gangrene being considered as a cutaneous marker and some of the patients that survive ultimately require amputation of the affected limb(s) in the severe cases. The mild cases end up losing some of the digits or just exfoliation of the dead cutaneous layer. The effects are generally more severe in the lower limbs than in upper limbs. Notable among these are some of those complicating meningococcal sepsis resulting from peripheral intravascular coagulation. We present here, five patients who presented with varying degrees of peripheral gangrene during an epidemic of meningitis and the treatments that were carried out depending on the severity of their cases.
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Vidal A, Giacaman A, Orellana SS, Jofré S, Moreno-Villoslada I, Oyarzún-Ampuero F, Concha M. Application of Chitosan and Chondroitin Sulphate Aerogels in a Patient With Diabetes With an Open Forefoot Transmetatarsal Amputation. WOUNDS : A COMPENDIUM OF CLINICAL RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2020; 32:E14-E18. [PMID: 32335521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic foot ulcers may lead to nontraumatic amputations of the foot, leading to a decrease in patient quality of life. Transmetatarsal amputations (TMAs) represent an effective surgical procedure in cases of severe foot infection, but the tissue reconstruction is complicated and additional procedures should be considered. The present case report evaluates the wound closure of an open TMA in a patient with diabetes treated with a new aerogel composed of chitosan (ChS) and chondroitin sulphate (CS), without needing a skin graft. CASE REPORT A 72-year-old man with diabetes and a history of successive amputations was admitted to a hospital in Valdivia, Chile, due to a severe infection of toes 2 and 4 of the right foot. After the diagnosis of gangrene and osteomyelitis, the patient underwent a TMA of his right forefoot. The surgeon proposed the incorporation of ChS and CS aerogels to accelerate wound healing to avoid another surgical procedure. The TMA surgical wound area closed 50% after day 28 from starting treatment with aerogels. Complete closure was achieved at day 94 of treatment with aerogels, with good epithelial tissue and favorable cosmetic results and without residual limb deformities. The patient experienced minimal physical and psychological impairment from the procedure. Other surgical procedures were not necessary. CONCLUSIONS Due to the results of this patient, use of ChS and CS aerogels could represent an alternative treatment for forefoot TMA wound closure and prevent further surgical procedures, such as skin grafting. Future works should consider a larger number of cases.
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Rizzato S, Kohhischeen E, Marchica P, Masciopinto G, Vindigni V, Tiengo C, Avruscio G, Bassetto F. Symmetrical peripheral gangrene reconstruction after lower limb amputation. Ann Ital Chir 2020; 91:432-436. [PMID: 33162402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) is a complication of septicemia, characterized by progressive skin lesions, which can result in wide necrosis of all the extremities. Severe necrosis is often responsible of disfiguring consequences. It is important to limit the amputation and to provide a stable and functional soft tissue coverage of the stumps. Limited amputation and free flap reconstruction may help to prevent tissue loss and to provide an effective prosthetization and a prompt rehabilitation. We present a clinical case of a 60-year-old male admitted in our department for lower limbs necrosis due to SPG after a pneumococcal infection. The patient underwent bilateral forefeet amputation and microsurgical reconstruction with antero-lateral thigh flap was performed on the left stump. Vascular complications determined a progressive necrosis of the flap and the failure of the reconstruction. A careful analysis of the local and systemic inflammatory vascular and coagulative issues following the SPG has been performed to explain the failure of the microsurgery. Although the opinion of several authors is divided about the use of free tissue transfer, we believe that microsurgical reconstruction remains the first choice of treatment due to the reduced morbidity and early rehabilitation it provides. KEY WORDS: Amputation, Free flaps, Free tissue transfer, Limb salvage, Microsurgery salvage, Prosthesis, Sepsis, Septicaemia, Symmetrical peripheral gangrene.
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Martins P, Valido A, Melo AT, Santareno S, Sousa R, Inácio JR, Oliveira-Ramos F, Ponte C, Romeu JC. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and digital gangrene in a patient with granulomatosis with polyangiitis - a rare case report. ACTA REUMATOLOGICA PORTUGUESA 2020; 45:65-68. [PMID: 32578576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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Kurup V, Simpson RS. Sepsis-induced digital ischaemia in a professional pianist, in the absence of vasopressors. BMJ Case Rep 2019; 12:e229659. [PMID: 31653621 PMCID: PMC6827789 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-229659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral limb ischaemia and gangrene are devastating complications of pneumococcal sepsis. We report a 43-year-old professional pianist who presented with early sepsis and rapid development of this syndrome. No vasopressor medication was ever administered. We urgently reviewed the medical literature on a range of therapies recommended by consulting teams, to ensure he received optimal care. Based on our review and on feedback from the patient himself, we gained valuable insights into this illness and the merits of selected treatment options. His fingers ultimately recovered their function, intact, although several toes were later amputated. More recently published reviews postulate that imbalances in coagulation factors and natural anticoagulants occur as a result of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and 'shock liver' in the sepsis syndrome, leading to microcirculatory thromboses. We submit this report as we believe it supports this hypothesis and adds further valuable information. We hope our observations will assist other critical care clinicians confronting this serious condition.
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Yue H, Liang W, Qin X, Zhang T, Wu Z. A Case of Wet Gangrene after Aortic Dissection Caused by Bacillus subtilis. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2019; 21:192-193. [PMID: 31549926 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2019.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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Ashraf A, Zahid S, Ahmad Z, Zia Ur Rehman A, Faheem M. A case of peripartum cardiomyopathy presenting as bilateral acute limb ischaemia and gangrene. J PAK MED ASSOC 2019; 69:1216-1218. [PMID: 31431784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a condition of unknown etiology that presents as heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction in the last of month of pregnancy and up to six months after giving birth. PPCM predisposes towards thrombo-embolism and an acute limb ischaemia can be a manifestation of this disease. We present a case of a 23-year-old lady presenting an acute lower limb ischaemia four months post-partum. Doppler ultrasound showed bilateral femoral emboli and cardiac ECHO showed a 24% ejection fraction. Amputation was performed on both limbs, below her right knee and above her left knee. The patient was started on heart failure medication and her symptoms improved with diuretic therapy, confirming the diagnoses of PPCM. It is important to recognise acute limb ischaemia as a rare manifestation of PPCM, as a timely diagnosis and effective treatment of the disease can improve the prognosis. We believe this is the first case to be reported in medical literature from Pakistan of a patient presenting PPCM with bilateral acute limb ischaemia and gangrene.
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