701
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Lee KC, Wong M, McIntyre D. Characterization of macrophage subpopulations responsive to activation by endotoxin and lymphokines. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 1981; 126:2474-9. [PMID: 6971902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The subpopulations of murine macrophages (M phi) that can be activated by endotoxin (LPS) and lymphokines to produce lymphocyte-activating factor, or interleukin 1 (IL-1), and to express cytostatic and cytolytic activities against tumor cells were characterized in 3 cell populations with immature and mature M phi in various proportions, namely, normal peritoneal cells, glycogen-induced peritoneal cells, and cultured bone marrow M phi. There is disagreement in the literature as to whether tumor cytotoxicity can be elicited from all M phi or from a subset of small, newly formed peroxidase-positive (p+) monocytes. Using the technique of cell size fractionation, which separates p+ and p- M phi to various extents, we have found that the magnitude of te response to LPS and lymphokines increases with cell size (and hence maturity or the degree of prior stimulation) and is not exclusive to p+ M phi. Our results are consistent with the concept that all M phi, irrespective of developmental stage, can exist in a continuum of activated states, depending on the nature of the activation signals.
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702
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Wong M, Shah PM, Taylor RD. Reproducibility of left ventricular internal dimensions with M mode echocardiography: effects of heart size, body position and transducer angulation. Am J Cardiol 1981; 47:1068-74. [PMID: 7223653 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9149(81)90214-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Analysis was made of the variables of heart size, body position and transducer angle affecting the reproducibility of left ventricular internal dimensions as measured with M mode echocardiography. Echocardiograms were recorded in 24 subjects as the thorax was incrementally rotated and tilted. Transducer angle was noted from a three plane level attached to the probe. Constants were the technician, transducer placement and the interpreter. Heart rates varied insignificantly; respirations were held. Groups A and B were defined by their initial left ventricular internal dimensions at end-diastole (LVIDd): 49 +/- 5.9 and 73 +/- 8.6 mm (group mean +/- standard deviation). With body position constant the measurement error between duplicate recordings of LVIDd was +/- 1.2 mm (coefficient of variation = 1.8 percent) in Group A and +/- 4.5 mm (coefficient of variation = 4.6 percent) in Group B (p less than 0.001). Transducer angle varied 12 degrees between duplicate recordings in both groups. As the position of the thorax changed, the transducer followed, maintaining approximately the same incline with the chest wall. In both groups errors for combined LVIDd recorded with rotation and tilt, respectively, were unchanged from the duplication error. Thus, when the spatial orientation between the transducer and heart is held constant, it is the size of the heart that determines the reproducibility of the measurement of left ventricular internal dimensions.
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703
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Moustafa E, Wong M. Aliphatic alcohols and the inhibition by thiol chelating agents of the binding of [3H[ dihydroalprenolol to myocardial beta-adrenoceptors. GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY 1981; 12:439-44. [PMID: 6273256 DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(81)90067-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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704
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Wong M. The transient man. Am J Nurs 1980; 80:2229. [PMID: 6906112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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705
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Nolan NL, Butt TR, Wong M, Lambrianidou A, Smulson ME. Characterization of poly(ADP-ribose)--histone H1 complex formation in purified polynucleosomes and chromatin. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1980; 113:15-25. [PMID: 7460942 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1980.tb06133.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) [poly(ADP-Rib)] polymerase of HeLa nucleosomes has been shown in vitro, to catalyze the synthesis of a complex of histone H1 containing 2 H1 histones and 15-16 units of oligo(ADP-Rib). The synthesis of the H1 complex in vitro was compared in polynucleosome populations of various sizes (3--16 and greater than 30) released from HeLa nuclei following micrococcal nuclease digestion. Poly(ADP-Rib) was synthesized from [32P]NAD and the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of H1 was studied by selective H1 extraction, gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. Quantitative differences in H1 complex formation occurred when either chromatin concentration or polynucleosome length was varied. The data indicated that H1 complex formation in vitro was favored in polynucleosomes 16 nucleosomes long as compared to 8 nucleosomes. A series of partially ADP-ribosylated H1 species was also detected. Partially modified H1 species migrate more slowly than pure H1 in dodecylsulfate gels. The reduced mobility is a function of the number of attached ADP-Rib moieties. Thus, molecules containing one molecule of H1 and various numbers of ADP-Rib residues can be separated. When the partially modified H1 species were incubated in alkali to cleave the linkage of ADP-Rib to protein, (ADP-Rib1-15) were detected by chain length analysis on 15% polyacrylamide gels. The intermediate H1 species could be chased, in vitro, into as H1 complex with NAD and thus were determined to be successive precursors in the formation of the H1 complex. Evidence is presented that the H1 complex is synthesized in intact cells permeabilized with lysolecithin.
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706
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Wilson ID, Wong M, Erlandsen SL. Immunohistochemical localization of IgA and secretory component in rat liver. Gastroenterology 1980; 79:924-30. [PMID: 6998828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
IgA is transported from rat blood into bile. The localization of IgA and secretory component in rat liver was studied in order to facilitate understanding of this IgA transport. Both indirect immunofluorescence and unlabeled antibody enzyme histochemical techniques were used. Immunoglobulin A was found surrounding bile canaliculi, within bile duct epithelium, on or near the plasma membranes of hepatocytes, within the cytoplasm of a few intensely stained hepatocytes, within the cytoplasm of intensely reactive cells found in or adjacent to the sinusoids, and in sparsely distributed plasma cells. Reactivity for secretory component was present surrounding bile canaliculi, within bile duct epithelium, or or near the plasma membranes of hepatocytes and in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. These findings are compatible with the hypothesis that immunoglobulin A is transported from blood to bile through hepatocytes by a process involving secretory component. Bile duct epithelium may also have a role in immunoglobulin A transport.
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707
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Brackmann DE, Wong M. Otolaryngology-epitomes of progress: computerized cranial tomography in acoustic tumor diagnosis. West J Med 1980; 133:327-328. [PMID: 18748705 PMCID: PMC1272321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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708
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Lee KC, Wong M. Functional heterogeneity of culture-grown bone marrow-derived macrophages. I. Antigen presenting function. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1980. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.125.1.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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709
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Lee KC, Wong M. Functional heterogeneity of culture-grown bone marrow-derived macrophages. I. Antigen presenting function. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 1980; 125:86-95. [PMID: 7381213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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710
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Wong M, Catena A, Hadley WK. Antigenic relationships and rapid identification of Peptostreptococcus species. J Clin Microbiol 1980; 11:515-21. [PMID: 6769956 PMCID: PMC273445 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.11.5.515-521.1980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Antisera against whole cells of each Peptostreptococcus species (P. anaerobius, P. micros, P. parvulus, and P. productus) were produced in rabbits. When these antisera were reacted against sonically disrupted cells and culture supernatant fluids in Ouchterlony tests, lines of identity were obtained among the antigens from all the species and uninoculated culture medium. When the antisera were subsequently absorbed with the dehydrated culture medium used to grow the peptostreptococci, all cross-reactions in heterologous antigen-antibody combinations were eliminated, leaving only species-specific precipitin arcs. These absorbed antisera, specific for each Peptostreptococcus species by Ouchterlony tests, were used for rapid identification studies. Staphylococcus aureus-bearing protein A was sensitized with each absorbed antiserum. These reagents produced specific coagglutination reactions with suspensions of each Peptostreptococcus reference strain and with 16 clinical isolates. No cross-reactions occurred with the Streptococcus intermedius, Peptococcus magnus, or Peptococcus asaccharolyticus strains tested.
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711
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Singh B, Lee KC, Fraga E, Wilkinson A, Wong M, Barton MA. Minimum peptide sequences necessary for priming and triggering of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in mice: use of synthetic peptide antigens of defined structure. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1980. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.124.3.1336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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712
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Singh B, Lee KC, Fraga E, Wilkinson A, Wong M, Barton MA. Minimum peptide sequences necessary for priming and triggering of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in mice: use of synthetic peptide antigens of defined structure. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 1980; 124:1336-43. [PMID: 6153678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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713
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Wong M. Mitral regurgitation. Am J Cardiol 1980; 45:720. [PMID: 7355771 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(80)80038-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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714
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Hecht HS, Blumfield DE, Hopkins JM, Mirell SG, Wong M. Single dose exercise and redistribution 201thallium scanning in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia and coronary artery disease. Comparison with exercise and rest electrocardiography, coronary arteriography and left ventriculography. Chest 1980; 77:359-68. [PMID: 7357939 DOI: 10.1378/chest.77.3.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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715
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Wong M, Shah PM. A simple device to reproduce the spatial orientations of the thorax and transducer for serial M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiograms. CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DIAGNOSIS 1980; 6:465-8. [PMID: 7471205 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.1810060416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We have described a device consisting of three circular levels for locating the spatial orientations of the thorax and a transducer that can be used to reproduce the path of the sonic beam through the heart.
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716
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Child JS, Skorton DJ, Taylor RD, Krivokapich J, Abbasi AS, Wong M, Shah PD. M mode and cross-sectional echocardiographic features of flail posterior mitral leaflets. Am J Cardiol 1979; 44:1383-90. [PMID: 506941 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9149(79)90457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Seventeen patients with accepted M mode echocardiographic criteria for flail mitral leaflet were studied. M mode echocardiograms revealed characteristic disordered mitral valve motion: (1) 16 (94 percent) had chaotic diastolic mitral motion; (2) 14 (82 percent) had systolic mitral flutter; (3) 14 (82 percent) had systolic left atrial echoes; and (4) 12 (71 percent) had systolic mitral valve prolapse. In 8 patients (47 percent) all four findings were present, with three findings present in 16 (35 percent) and two findings present in 13 (18 percent); none had fewer than two findings. Cross-sectional echocardiographic studies in 10 patients revealed a systolic whipping motion of the posterior mitral leaflet into the left atrium in all, abnormal systolic mitral coaptation in all and an abnormal mass of systolic left atrial echoes in 4. None of the first three M mode criteria were observed in 230 patients with uncomplicated "mid systolic click-late systolic murmur" syndrome; cross-sectional echocardiography in 30 of 230 patients revealed normal systolic mitral coaptation and no systolic whipping of the tip of the posterior mitral leaflet into the left atrium.
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717
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Lee KC, Wilkinson A, Wong M. Antigen-specific murine T-cell proliferation: role of macrophage surface Ia and factors. Cell Immunol 1979; 48:79-90. [PMID: 92369 DOI: 10.1016/0008-8749(79)90101-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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718
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Lee KC, Kay J, Wong M. Separation of functionally distinct subpopulations of Corynebacterium parvum-activated macrophages with predominantly stimulatory or suppressive effect on the cell-mediated cytotoxic T cell response. Cell Immunol 1979; 42:28-41. [PMID: 312146 DOI: 10.1016/0008-8749(79)90218-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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719
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Lee KC, Singh B, Barton MA, Procyshyn A, Wong M. A simple reliable system for studying antigen-specific murine T cell proliferation. J Immunol Methods 1979; 25:159-70. [PMID: 84843 DOI: 10.1016/0022-1759(79)90051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Antigen-specific T cell proliferation can be readily elicited from the popliteal lymph node cells of mice which have received immunizations of antigen in the hind footpads. The advantages of our system over other published methods are (i) simplicity in method and materials, (ii) much improved reproducibility, (iii) negligible concomitant B cell proliferation, (iv) large degrees of antigen specific proliferation with very low background, and (v) complete dependence of the response on accessory cells or macrophages. These results were brought about by proper immunization procedures for mice and judicious choice of culture conditions. Our data show that the system is very suitable for the study of macrophage-T cell interaction in the induction of T cell proliferation as well as the genetic basis of responsiveness or non-responsiveness to protein and polypeptide antigens.
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720
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Wong M, Bayer ME, Litwin S. Virus--cell interaction: prediction of the time course of observable effects from virus interaction at cell injection sites, and mechanisms leading to attachment. FEBS Lett 1978; 95:26-30. [PMID: 720602 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(78)80044-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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721
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Dubey JP, Wong M. Experimental Hammondia hammondi infection in monkeys. THE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 1978; 64:551-2. [PMID: 96246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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722
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Wong M, Skulsky A, Moon E. Loss of indicator in the thermodilution technique. CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DIAGNOSIS 1978; 4:103-9. [PMID: 647771 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.1810040115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of a second thermistor for detecting the injectate temperature in the extravascular segment of a standard right heart thermodilution catheter is described. Experiments with chilled (0 degrees C) indicator show that the temperature of the injectate as it enters the catheter is always greater than zero and that it depends on time and the gradient between indicator and surroundings; that serial injections made 30 to 60 seconds apart are successively cooler and do not plateau until the third injection. These variables amount to an overestimation in the cardiac output of 3 to 12%.
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723
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Barchi RL, Bonilla E, Wong M. Isolation and characterization of muscle membranes using surface-specific labels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1977; 74:34-8. [PMID: 138140 PMCID: PMC393191 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.74.1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Membranes were purified from rat muscle by a differential centrifugation method that avoids the use of salt extraction or incubations at elevated temperature. Three populations of membrane-limited vesicles were defined having average densities of 1.112 (fraction I), 1.141 (fraction II), and 1.158 (fraction III) g/ml in a continuous sucrose gradient. Lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination of intact muscle prior to isolation of membranes resulted in highest specific activity in fraction I, although all fractions could be equally labeled after isolation. 125I-Labeled wheat germ agglutinin incubated at low concentration with intact muscle preferentially labeled fraction I. Parallel studies on previously isolated fractions indicated that fraction I also contained the highest concentration of potential receptors for wheat germ agglutinin. In experiments on whole muscle, concanavalin A bound predominantly to sarcolemma with slight variable binding to T-tubular and nuclear membrane but no binding to sarcoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria. Parallel binding studies with isolated membrane fragments indicated heavy binding of concanavalin A by membranes in fraction I with scattered binding in fractions II and III. Na+K+Mg2+ ATPase was specifically enriched in fraction I but was also present in fraction II in a proportion similar to 125I labeling. Ca2+ ATPase was most active in fraction II but present in significant levels in fraction I. It is concluded from these and other data that fraction I contains predominantly sarcolemma membrane, while T-tubular membrane may represent a significant component of fraction II. Ca2+ ATPase activity in fraction I is intrinsic to the sarcolemma.
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724
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Feigin RD, Wong M, Shackelford PG, Stechenberg BW, Dunkle LM, Kaplan S. Countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis of urine as well as of CSF and blood for diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. J Pediatr 1976; 89:773-5. [PMID: 978326 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(76)80802-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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725
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Stechenberg BW, Anderson D, Chang MJ, Dunkle L, Wong M, Van Reken D, Pickering LK, Feigin RD. Cephalexin compared to ampicillin treatment of otitis media. Pediatrics 1976; 58:532-6. [PMID: 787913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cephalexin was compared to ampicillin for the treatment of otitis media in a randomized study. Bacteriologic diagnosis was sought by needle tympanocentesis in 179 children. No overall statistically significant differences were noted between the two groups; however, 20 patients who received cephalexin had a poor response to therapy whereas only five recipients of ampicillin responded poorly. A significant difference (P less than .05) between the two regimens was noted when Hemophilus influenzae was recovered. Fifty per cent of the children with H. influenzae otitis media who were treated with cephalexin responded poorly; no patients receiving ampicillin had a poor response. Our data suggest that the use of cephalexin monohydrate is not warranted for treatment of otitis media due to H. influenzae even when the isolate proves sensitive to this drug in vitro. In selected patients with otitis media caused by Staphylococcus aureus which is resistant to penicillin, cephalexin may provide effective treatment.
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