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Mannello F. Circulating 92-kilodalton matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) activity is enhanced in the euglobulin plasma fraction of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer 2003; 97:201-3; author reply 203-4. [PMID: 12491521 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.11004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases, which can synergistically degrade the major components of extracellular matrix (ECM). A key role in maintaining the balance between ECM deposition and degradation in several physio-pathological processes is carried out, through multiple biological functions, by four members of the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) family. TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 are capable of inhibiting the activities of MMPs, can inhibit tumour growth, invasion and metastasis, exhibit growth factor-like activity, can inhibit angiogenesis and suppress programmed cell death (PCD) independently of the MMP-inhibitory activity. TIMP-3 is the only member which is tightly bound to ECM, inhibits TNF-alpha converting enzyme and induces PCD through the stabilization of TNF-alpha receptors on the cell surface. TIMP-4 plays a role in ECM homeostasis in a tissue-specific fashion and its overexpression induces PCD. The aim of this article is to review the exciting and intriguing literature on TIMPs, with special emphasis on their conflicting-paradoxical roles in PCD and their potential clinical usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Istituto di Istologia e Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze MFN, Università degli Studi, Urbino, Italy.
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Malatesta M, Mannello F, Sebastiani M, Gazzanelli G. Differential distribution of soluble and complexed forms of prostate-specific antigen in cyst fluids of women with gross cystic breast disease. J Clin Lab Anal 2001; 15:81-6. [PMID: 11291110 PMCID: PMC6807965 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Gross cystic breast disease (GCBD) is the most common benign disease of the human female breast, and patients with GCBD have an increased risk of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution inside apocrine cells and in breast cyst fluids aspirated from gross cysts of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) molecular forms, and to correlate the different intracystic PSA profiles to the subpopulations of gross cysts. Type I cysts showed a median value of 0.71 microg/L of total PSA and 0.32 g/L of ACT, significantly different to that of Type II cysts (Wilcoxon P < 0.001). Although large excesses of ACT were detected in all samples, BCF samples and apocrine cells from Type I gross cysts contained about 70% of free PSA, compared to the higher amounts of complexed PSA found in Type II gross cysts. We demonstrate that in apocrine/secretive Type I breast gross cysts the serine protease PSA was mainly present in its free form, in contrast to a major proportion of complexed PSA found in flattened/transudative Type II cysts. Our results are consistent with the notion that a prolonged exposure of apocrine breast cells lining the Type I gross cysts to the proteolytic activity of PSA could be involved in the etiopathogenesis of GCBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Malatesta
- Istituto di Istologia & Analisi di Laboratorio, Libera Università, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche Fisiche e Naturali, Urbino, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Mannello
- Istituto di Istologia & Analisi di Laboratorio, Libera Università, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche Fisiche e Naturali, Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Giancarlo Gazzanelli
- Istituto di Istologia & Analisi di Laboratorio, Libera Università, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche Fisiche e Naturali, Urbino, Italy
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Malatesta M, Mannello F, Bianchi G, Sebastiani M, Gazzanelli G. Atobe J. H., Hirata M. H., Hoshino-Shimizu S., Schmal M. R., Mamizuka E. M. One-step heminested PCR for amplification of Neisseria meningitidis DNA in cerebrospinal fluid. J Clin Lab Anal 14:193-199, 2000. J Clin Lab Anal 2001; 14:336. [PMID: 11255258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
On page 195, in Fig. 1, the labels of boxes RW01 and DG74 are switched. The label RW01 in the right box should read DG74 (1540-1521 position), and the label DG74 in the left box should read RW01 (1189-1170 position). Also in Fig. 1, the primer DG74 listed in the "Primers" box above the legend should read 5'-AGGAGGTGATCCAACCGCA-3', and not 5'-AGGAGGTGATCCAACGCGA-3' as printed. The publisher regrets the error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Malatesta
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze M.F.N., Università Studi, Urbino, Italy
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Abstract
Breast duct epithelium produces, secretes, and metabolises several biologically important compounds, which are found in breast secretions obtained in physiologic and pathologic conditions (milk and nipple aspirate fluids, respectively). In order to preliminarily evaluate the ultrastructural morphology of the cells found in Type II nipple aspirate fluids (NAF) and correlate it with the biochemical profile of the extracellular fluid present in these breast secretions and in human milk, we analyzed 72 NAFs from nonlactating premenopausal women affected by various breast diseases and 10 normal milk samples. Although several constitutive proteins were detected in all samples examined, the preliminary biochemical analyses and electrophoretic profiles revealed characteristic behaviours for several biologic constituents, suggesting a possible basic mechanism of production by breast epithelial cells during both physiologic and pathologic conditions. The ultrastructural analysis of milk cellular components give preliminary evidence of the apocrine secretion mechanism peculiar of breast gland, whereas Type II NAF cells appeared as biosynthetically active cells, showing a possible modified secretion mechanism. Our multidisciplinary approach seems to support the hypothesis that cellular and biochemical behaviour of Type II NAF may be an useful tool to identify aberrated breast epithelial cells in nonlactating women that might be prone to premalignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Malatesta
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze M.F.N., Università Studi, Urbino, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Mannello
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze M.F.N., Università Studi, Urbino, Italy
| | | | | | - Giancarlo Gazzanelli
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze M.F.N., Università Studi, Urbino, Italy
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Mannello F, Canesi L, Gazzanelli G, Gallo G. Biochemical properties of metalloproteinases from the hemolymph of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2001; 128:507-15. [PMID: 11250546 DOI: 10.1016/s1096-4959(00)00352-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) with gelatinase activity was found in the whole hemolymph of the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. Cleavage activity was specific for gelatin; very little activity towards human type-IV collagen, and no activity for cold fish gelatin, casein or bovine serum albumin were detected. EDTA and 1,10-phenanthroline were inhibitory, suggesting that mussel MMPs require divalent cations for their proteolytic activity; in fact, the presence of exogenously added divalent ions significantly protected the MMPs from inhibition. No inhibition was detected with serine or cysteine proteinase inhibitors. The specific vertebrate inhibitors as well as the classical vertebrate activator of MMPs were without effect, whereas sulphydryl reducing agents had a strong inhibitory effect. Mussel MMPs showed an exponential curve of thermal-dependent decay that was not protected by the presence of metal ions. Overall the results indicate both similarities and differences between invertebrate and vertebrate gelatinases, providing information for understanding the biological role of these ancient proteinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali, Libera Università degli Studi, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy.
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Mannello F, Gazzanelli G. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA/hK3): a further player in the field of breast cancer diagnostics? Breast Cancer Res 2001; 3:238-43. [PMID: 11434875 PMCID: PMC138688 DOI: 10.1186/bcr302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2001] [Revised: 04/10/2001] [Accepted: 04/25/2001] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its identification, much information has been obtained about prostate-specific antigen (PSA, or human glandular kallikrein 3 [hK3]), a kallikrein-like serine protease that is the most valuable tumour marker for the screening, diagnosis and management of human prostate carcinoma. Recently, it has become widely accepted that PSA is also present in many nonprostatic sources, casting doubts about the specificity of its tissue expression. Here we summarize the findings on the biomolecular expression of PSA in breast secretions, cells and tissues of healthy and diseased females. Although several studies have strongly suggested that the molecular forms of PSA seem to represent a potential tool for the risk assessment of breast cancer, recent reports have yielded conflicting results. Although several studies have suggested new biological function(s) for PSA in breast physiopathology, more studies are needed to enlist PSA unequivocally as an additional weapon in the anticancer armoury in breast cancer diagnostics.
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Gazzanelli G, Luchetti F, Burattini S, Mannello F, Falcieri E, Papa S. Matrix metalloproteinases expression in HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells during apoptosis. Apoptosis 2000; 5:165-72. [PMID: 11232244 DOI: 10.1023/a:1009688831531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells have been used as a model to study both the expression of matrix-metalloproteinases and the mechanisms of programmed cell death. In the present study we examined the expression of these proteases in HL-60 cells stimulated by different apoptotic triggers. As shown by zymography, HL-60 cells released three major isofroms of the matrix-degrading proteases; when the leukemic cells were grown in serum-free conditions, as well as after hyperthermia and methotrexate treatment, we found a significant loss of the constitutive production of the 92 kDa matrixmetalloprotease, with an unequivocable molecular and ultrastructural evidence of programmed cell death. These results suggest that in HL-60 cells the expression/release of matrix metalloproteases can be down-regulated in the presence of the apoptotic-induced alterations, and that the decreased matrix-degrading capacity of this leukemic cell line during apoptosis may reduce its invasive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gazzanelli
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze MFN, Università degli Studi, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italy
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Mannello F, Malatesta M, Gazzanelli G. Re: Detection of circulating prostate specific antigen expressing prostatic cells in the bone marrow of radical prostatectomy patients by sensitive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. J Urol 2000; 163:253. [PMID: 10604370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
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Mannello F, Malatesta M, Gazzanelli G, Gao CL, Dean R, Pinto A, Mooneyhan R, Connelly R, McLeod D, Srivastava S, Moul J. RE: DETECTION OF CIRCULATING PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN EXPRESSING PROSTATIC CELLS IN THE BONE MARROW OF RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY PATIENTS BY SENSITIVE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION. J Urol 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(05)68028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Malatesta M, Mannello F, Luchetti F, Marcheggiani F, Condemi L, Papa S, Gazzanelli G. Prostate-specific antigen synthesis and secretion by human placenta: a physiological kallikrein source during pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85:317-21. [PMID: 10634405 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.85.1.6302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a kallikrein-like serine protease until recently thought to be prostate specific, has been demonstrated in various nonprostatic tissues and body fluids. PSA has been also found in human endometrium and amniotic fluids, even if the significance of this novel expression is unclear. In this study, we have demonstrated by multiple techniques that human placental tissue, obtained at delivery from normal full-term pregnancies, synthesizes and secretes PSA. RT-PCR showed the presence of PSA messenger ribonucleic acid; biochemical, chromatographic, and immunological studies revealed the expression of both free and complexed PSA forms; immunoelectron microscopy indicated the syncytiotrophoblast as the site of PSA synthesis and secretion. Moreover, in vitro experiments demonstrated that PSA production and secretion are up-regulated by 17beta-estradiol, a pregnancy-related steroid hormone. These results suggest that human placenta is a source of the PSA present in amniotic fluid and maternal serum during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Malatesta
- Istituto di Istologia and Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze MFN, Università degli Studi di Urbino, Italy
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Mannello F, Malatesta M, Sebastiani M, Battistelli S, Gazzanelli G. Molecular Forms and Ultrastructural Localization of Prostate-specific Antigen in Nipple Aspirate Fluids,. Clin Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/45.12.2263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Mannello
- Istituto di Istologia & Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali, Università Studi, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino-PS, Italy
| | - Manuela Malatesta
- Istituto di Istologia & Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali, Università Studi, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino-PS, Italy
| | | | - Serafina Battistelli
- Istituto di Istologia & Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali, Università Studi, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino-PS, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Gazzanelli
- Istituto di Istologia & Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali, Università Studi, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino-PS, Italy
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Mannello F, Malatesta M, Sebastiani M, Battistelli S, Gazzanelli G. Molecular forms and ultrastructural localization of prostate-specific antigen in nipple aspirate fluids. Clin Chem 1999; 45:2263-6. [PMID: 10585363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Istituto di Istologia & Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali, Università Studi, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino-PS, Italy.
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Malatesta M, Mannello F, Sebastiani M, Bianchi G, Gazzanelli G. Prostate-specific antigen found in type I breast cyst fluids is a secretory product of the apocrine cells lining breast gross cysts. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1999; 57:157-63. [PMID: 10598042 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006182518520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a serine protease thought to be exclusively produced by the prostate epithelial cells, has been recently found in human breast tissues and fluids. PSA in breast cancer is associated with the presence of steroid-hormones and receptors, and its presence seems to be a favourable prognostic indicator. In order to clarify whether the cells lining breast cysts may represent the source of PSA found in human breast cyst fluid, we performed an ultrastructural immunolocalization of PSA in the cells surrounding Type I breast cysts, obtained from breast cyst fluids of women affected by breast gross cystic disease, the most commonly occurring benign breast lesions associated with increased cancer risk. These apocrine cells show morphological features typical of actively synthesizing and secreting cells, and a PSA labelling distributed on free ribosomes, RER cisternae, and secretory granules, indicating that the metabolically active apocrine cells lining the Type I cysts are responsible for the production and secretion of PSA in Type I breast cyst fluids. The synthesis and intracystic accumulation of this serine protease in biosynthetically active apocrine Type I cysts can play an important role in the natural history of breast gross cystic disease as well as in the mechanism of cyst evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Malatesta
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Università degli Studi, Urbino, Italy
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Zancanaro C, Malatesta M, Mannello F, Vogel P, Fakan S. The kidney during hibernation and arousal from hibernation. A natural model of organ preservation during cold ischaemia and reperfusion. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14:1982-90. [PMID: 10462281 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/14.8.1982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During hibernation the kidney is in a hypothermic condition where renal blood flow is minimal and urine production is much reduced. Periodical arousal from hibernation is associated with kidney reperfusion at increasing body temperature, and restored urine production rate. METHODS To assess the degree of structural preservation during such extreme conditions, the kidney cortex was investigated by means of electron microscopy in the dormouse Muscardinus avellanarius during winter hibernation, arousal from hibernation and the summer active period. RESULTS Results show that the fine structure of the kidney cortex is well preserved during hibernation. In the renal corpuscle, a sign of slight lesion was the focal presence of oedematous endothelial cells and/or podocytes. Proximal convoluted tubule cells showed fully preserved ultrastructure and polarity, and hypertrophic apical endocytic apparatus. Structural changes were associated with increased plasma electrolytes, creatinine and urea nitrogen, and proteinuria. During the process of arousal the fine structure of the kidney cortex was also well maintained. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that dormice are able to fully preserve kidney cortex structure under extreme conditions resembling e.g. severe ischaemia or hypothermic organ storage for transplantation, and reperfusion. Elucidation of the mechanisms involved in such a natural model of organ preservation could be relevant to human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zancanaro
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology, University of Verona, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Mannello
- Istituto di Istologia ed, Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di. Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy
| | - Sara Barulli
- Istituto di, Clinica Medica-Clinica Ematologica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Manuela Malatesta
- Istituto di Istologia ed, Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di. Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy
| | - Stefania Mancini
- Istituto di, Clinica Medica-Clinica Ematologica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Pietro Leoni
- Istituto di, Clinica Medica-Clinica Ematologica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Gazzanelli
- Istituto di Istologia ed, Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di. Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy
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Mannello F, Barulli S, Malatesta M, Mancini S, Leoni P, Gazzanelli G. Prostate-specific antigen expression in normal human bone marrow cells. Clin Chem 1999; 45:1102-3. [PMID: 10388495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Mannello F, Malatesta M, Luchetti F, Papa S, Battistelli S, Gazzanelli G. Immunoreactivity, Ultrastructural Localization, and Transcript Expression of Prostate-specific Antigen in Human Neuroblastoma Cell Lines. Clin Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/45.1.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is considered a highly specific biochemical marker of the human prostate gland, and it currently is used for prostate cancer diagnosis and monitoring. Recently, PSA production and secretion were found in nondiseased and diseased cells, tissues, and fluids from women. In this study, we characterized the presence of PSA in two human neuroblastoma cell lines with biochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular approaches. Using reverse transcription-PCR, we identified PSA mRNA, and Western blotting revealed a substantial amount of complexed form of PSA protein, which is localized mainly in free ribosomes. Although the role of PSA in human neuroblastoma cell lines is still unknown, our study supports the hypothesis that this serine protease may be involved in controlling the growth of human brain tumor cells, adding more support to the notion that PSA is a widespread kallikrein-like protease with biological functions much more complex than recently thought.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuela Malatesta
- Institute of Histology and Laboratory Analysis, Faculty of Sciences, and
| | - Francesca Luchetti
- Institute of Morphological Sciences, University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy
| | - Stefano Papa
- Institute of Morphological Sciences, University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy
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Mannello F, Malatesta M, Luchetti F, Papa S, Battistelli S, Gazzanelli G. Immunoreactivity, ultrastructural localization, and transcript expression of prostate-specific antigen in human neuroblastoma cell lines. Clin Chem 1999; 45:78-84. [PMID: 9895341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is considered a highly specific biochemical marker of the human prostate gland, and it currently is used for prostate cancer diagnosis and monitoring. Recently, PSA production and secretion were found in nondiseased and diseased cells, tissues, and fluids from women. In this study, we characterized the presence of PSA in two human neuroblastoma cell lines with biochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular approaches. Using reverse transcription-PCR, we identified PSA mRNA, and Western blotting revealed a substantial amount of complexed form of PSA protein, which is localized mainly in free ribosomes. Although the role of PSA in human neuroblastoma cell lines is still unknown, our study supports the hypothesis that this serine protease may be involved in controlling the growth of human brain tumor cells, adding more support to the notion that PSA is a widespread kallikrein-like protease with biological functions much more complex than recently thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Institute of Histology and Laboratory Analysis, Faculty of Sciences, University of Urbino, Italy.
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123
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Mannello F, Luchetti F, Lancioli D, Battistelli S, Papa S, Gazzanelli G. Prostate-specific Antigen Expression in Neoplastic Human Myeloid Cell Lines. Clin Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/44.9.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Mannello
- Instituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze, MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Francesca Luchetti
- Instituto di Scienze Morfologiche, Università Studi, 61029 Urbino, Italy; Laboratorio Analisi, Ospedale Civile, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Serafina Battistelli
- Instituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze, MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Stefano Papa
- Instituto di Scienze Morfologiche, Università Studi, 61029 Urbino, Italy; Laboratorio Analisi, Ospedale Civile, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Gazzanelli
- Instituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze, MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italy
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Mannello F, Luchetti F, Lancioli D, Battistelli S, Papa S, Gazzanelli G. Prostate-specific antigen expression in neoplastic human myeloid cell lines. Clin Chem 1998; 44:1991-3. [PMID: 9732991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Instituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze, MFN Università, Urbino, Italy.
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Mannello F, Malatesta M, Fusco E, Bianchi G, Cardinali A, Gazzanelli G. Biochemical Characterization and Immunolocalization of Prostate-specific Antigen in Human Term Placenta. Clin Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/44.8.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Mannello
- Instituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali. Università Studi, Via Zeppi, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy; Divisione di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, AUSL 2, Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy; Laboratorio Analisi, AUSL 2, Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy
| | - Manuela Malatesta
- Instituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali. Università Studi, Via Zeppi, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy; Divisione di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, AUSL 2, Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy; Laboratorio Analisi, AUSL 2, Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy
| | - Eugenio Fusco
- Instituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali. Università Studi, Via Zeppi, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy; Divisione di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, AUSL 2, Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy; Laboratorio Analisi, AUSL 2, Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bianchi
- Instituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali. Università Studi, Via Zeppi, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy; Divisione di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, AUSL 2, Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy; Laboratorio Analisi, AUSL 2, Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy
| | - Antonella Cardinali
- Instituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali. Università Studi, Via Zeppi, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy; Divisione di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, AUSL 2, Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy; Laboratorio Analisi, AUSL 2, Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Gazzanelli
- Instituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali. Università Studi, Via Zeppi, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy; Divisione di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, AUSL 2, Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy; Laboratorio Analisi, AUSL 2, Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy
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Mannello F, Malatesta M, Fusco E, Bianchi G, Cardinali A, Gazzanelli G. Biochemical characterization and immunolocalization of prostate-specific antigen in human term placenta. Clin Chem 1998; 44:1735-7. [PMID: 9702961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Instituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche, Università Studi, Urbino (PS), Italy.
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127
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Mannello F, Luchetti F, Falcieri E, Papa S, Gazzanelli G. Prostate-specific antigen expression in neuroblastoma cell lines. Clin Chem 1998; 44:1362-3. [PMID: 9625072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Mannello
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi, Via Zeppi sn, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy, Istituto di Scienze Morfologiche, Istituto di Anatomia e Fisiologia, Università degli Studi, Polo Scientifico c/o Ex-Sogesta, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy
| | - Francesca Luchetti
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi, Via Zeppi sn, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy, Istituto di Scienze Morfologiche, Istituto di Anatomia e Fisiologia, Università degli Studi, Polo Scientifico c/o Ex-Sogesta, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy
| | - Elisabetta Falcieri
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi, Via Zeppi sn, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy, Istituto di Scienze Morfologiche, Istituto di Anatomia e Fisiologia, Università degli Studi, Polo Scientifico c/o Ex-Sogesta, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy
| | - Stefano Papa
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi, Via Zeppi sn, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy, Istituto di Scienze Morfologiche, Istituto di Anatomia e Fisiologia, Università degli Studi, Polo Scientifico c/o Ex-Sogesta, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy
| | - Giancarlo Gazzanelli
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze Matematiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi, Via Zeppi sn, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy, Istituto di Scienze Morfologiche, Istituto di Anatomia e Fisiologia, Università degli Studi, Polo Scientifico c/o Ex-Sogesta, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy
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Malatesta M, Mannello F, Sebastiani M, Cardinali A, Marcheggiani F, Renò F, Gazzanelli G. Ultrastructural characterization and biochemical profile of human gross cystic breast disease. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1998; 48:211-9. [PMID: 9598868 DOI: 10.1023/a:1005932915429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human gross cystic breast disease is a benign condition affecting about 7-10% of adult women occurring with the highest incidence in the premenopausal decade. Although breast cysts do not represent a preneoplastic condition per se, several studies indicate an increased breast cancer risk in women affected by this pathology. In this report we study 115 breast cystic fluid samples obtained by needle-aspiration from women with gross cystic breast disease. The samples were analysed biochemically and the cells contained therein were observed at the electron microscope. According to their biochemical profiles, the cysts were subdivided into three types: Type I, showing a Na/K ratio < 0.5 and a typical protein content; Type II, showing a Na/K ratio >10 and a protein content quite similar to plasma; Type III, showing a Na/K ratio between 1 and 7 and an intermediate protein content. The electron microscopic examination demonstrated that Type I cystic fluid cells exhibit morphological features typical of actively synthesising and secreting cells, while the characteristics of Type II cells indicate a low metabolic activity. Type III cells have characteristics typical of both Type I and Type II cells, thereby confirming the intermediate nature of this cyst type. We hypothesise that these cyst types could represent different developmental stages of a structural evolution pathway, during which the biosynthetically active 'apocrine stage' would be the key step to cell neoplastic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Malatesta
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Università degli Studi, Urbino, Italy
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130
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Mannello F, Condemi L, Cardinali A, Bianchi G, Gazzanelli G. High concentrations of prostate-specific antigen in urine of women receiving oral contraceptives. Clin Chem 1998; 44:181-3. [PMID: 9550578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci. MFN Università, Urbino, Italy.
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131
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Mannello F, Condemi L, Cardinali A, Bianchi G, Gazzanelli G. High Concentrations of Prostate-Specific Antigen in Urine of Women Receiving Oral Contraceptives. Clin Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/44.1.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Mannello
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci. MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italy; Div. Ostet. & Ginecol., Lab. Anal., Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy
| | - Leone Condemi
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci. MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italy; Div. Ostet. & Ginecol., Lab. Anal., Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy
| | - Antonella Cardinali
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci. MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italy; Div. Ostet. & Ginecol., Lab. Anal., Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bianchi
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci. MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italy; Div. Ostet. & Ginecol., Lab. Anal., Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Gazzanelli
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci. MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italy; Div. Ostet. & Ginecol., Lab. Anal., Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italy
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132
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Mannello F, Sebastiani M, Amati S, Gazzanelli G. Conjugated bile acids in breast cyst fluids: Relationship to cation-related cyst subpopulations. Cancer Lett 1997; 119:21-6. [DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(97)00246-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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133
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Malatesta M, Mannello F, Cardinali A, Marcheggiani F, Sebastiani M, Amati S, Gazzanelli G. Breast gross cystic fluids. II. Electron microscopic analysis. Breast 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(97)90060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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134
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Mannello F, Sebastiani M, Amati S, Gazzanelli G. Prostate-specific antigen expression in a case of intracystic carcinoma of the breast: characterization of immunoreactive protein and literature surveys. Clin Chem 1997; 43:1448-54. [PMID: 9267327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A case is presented of female breast intracystic carcinoma with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) expressed in high amounts in aspirated cystic fluid (55 micrograms/L). Tumor extract analysis revealed the presence of both estrogen and progesterone receptors (0.38 and 1.87 nmol/L, respectively) and high quantities of PSA too (19.52 micrograms/L). Chromatographic analysis of cystic fluid revealed two peaks of PSA, at the expected positions for free and bound serine protease. A major proportion of 33-kDa free from was also confirmed by Western blotting analysis. Free PSA was heat-stable at 56 degrees C and displayed no change after freezing-thawing. These findings are discussed in the context of a detailed literature survey. Our data support the contention that PSA immunoreactivity in intracystic fluid of breast carcinoma is partly the result of secretory activity by the neoplastic cells and that the steroid receptors can also modulate its expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze M.F.N., Università Studi, Urbino (PS), Italy.
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135
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Mannello F, Sebastiani M, Amati S, Gazzanelli G. Prostate-specific antigen expression in a case of intracystic carcinoma of the breast: characterization of immunoreactive protein and literature surveys. Clin Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/43.8.1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A case is presented of female breast intracystic carcinoma with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) expressed in high amounts in aspirated cystic fluid (55 μg/L). Tumor extract analysis revealed the presence of both estrogen and progesterone receptors (0.38 and 1.87 nmol/L, respectively) and high quantities of PSA too (19.52 μg/L). Chromatographic analysis of cystic fluid revealed two peaks of PSA, at the expected positions for free and bound serine protease. A major proportion of 33-kDa free form was also confirmed by Western blotting analysis. Free PSA was heat-stable at 56 °C and displayed no change after freezing–thawing. These findings are discussed in the context of a detailed literature survey. Our data support the contention that PSA immunoreactivity in intracystic fluid of breast carcinoma is partly the result of secretory activity by the neoplastic cells and that the steroid receptors can also modulate its expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Mannello
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze M.F.N., Università Studi, Via Zeppi, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy
| | | | - Silvana Amati
- Istituto di Istologia ed Anatomia, Facoltà di Medicina, Università, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Gazzanelli
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze M.F.N., Università Studi, Via Zeppi, 61029 Urbino (PS), Italy
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136
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Mannello F, Miragoli G, Bianchi G, Gazzanelli G. Prostate-specific antigen in ascitic fluid. Clin Chem 1997; 43:1461-2. [PMID: 9267331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci. MFN Università, Urbino, Italia.
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137
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Mannello
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci. MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italia; Div. Med. and Lab. Anal. Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italia
| | - Giovanni Miragoli
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci. MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italia; Div. Med. and Lab. Anal. Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italia
| | - Giuseppe Bianchi
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci. MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italia; Div. Med. and Lab. Anal. Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italia
| | - Giancarlo Gazzanelli
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci. MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italia; Div. Med. and Lab. Anal. Ospedale Civile, Urbino, Italia
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138
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Mannello
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci., MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italia
| | - Giovanni Miragoli
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci., MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italia
| | | | - Giancarlo Gazzanelli
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci., MFN Università, Via E. Zeppi, 61029 Urbino, Italia
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139
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Mannello F, Miragoli G, Bianchi G, Gazzanelli G. Immunoreactive prostate-specific antigen in pleural effusions. Clin Chem 1997; 43:847-8. [PMID: 9166242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Ist. Istol. & Anal. Lab., Facoltà Sci., MFN Università, Urbino, Italia.
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140
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Mannello F, Bocchiotti G, Bianchi G, Marcheggiani F, Gazzanelli G. Quantification of prostate-specific antigen immunoreactivity in human breast cyst fluids. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1996; 38:247-52. [PMID: 8739076 DOI: 10.1007/bf01806142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The frequency of gross cystic breast disease in premenopausal women and its possible association with increased breast cancer risk emphasises the importance of investigations relating to breast cyst fluid composition. In order to contribute to a better analysis of this medium, we have measured the presence of prostate-specific antigen immuno-reactivity in sixty-four human breast cyst fluids. Data analyses show that 35% of samples presented a level of this antigen < 0.05 micrograms/L, whereas 42 out of 64 cysts show a significant increase in the mean value of metabolically active apocrine cysts when compared to flattened cysts (p < 0.01). We report the first evidence that breast epithelium of gross cysts produces, secretes, and accumulates large amounts of prostate-specific antigen, a glycoprotein produced by prostatic tissue but recently detected in breast tumours, normal tissues, and during pregnancy. The production and intracystic accumulation of this serine protease in biosynthetically active apocrine type cyst can play a feasible role in the natural history gross cystic breast disease as well as in the mechanism of cyst formation, enlargement, and transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Institute of Histology and Laboratory Analysis, University of Urbino, Italy
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141
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Ist di Istol., Facoltà di Sci. MFN dell'Università, Urbino, Italy
| | - G Bianchi
- Ist di Istol., Facoltà di Sci. MFN dell'Università, Urbino, Italy
| | - G Gazzanelli
- Ist di Istol., Facoltà di Sci. MFN dell'Università, Urbino, Italy
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142
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Mannello F, Bianchi G, Gazzanelli G. Immunoreactivity of prostate-specific antigen in plasma and saliva of healthy women. Clin Chem 1996; 42:1110-1. [PMID: 8674199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Ist di Istol., Facoltà di Sci. MFN dell'Università, Urbino, Italy
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143
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Corallini A, Campioni D, Rossi C, Albini A, Possati L, Rusnati M, Gazzanelli G, Benelli R, Masiello L, Sparacciari V, Presta M, Mannello F, Fontanini G, Barbanti-Brodano G. Promotion of tumour metastases and induction of angiogenesis by native HIV-1 Tat protein from BK virus/tat transgenic mice. AIDS 1996; 10:701-10. [PMID: 8805860 DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199606001-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the T53 cell line and its clones derived from an adenocarcinoma of BK virus (BKV)/tat transgenic mice and to establish the role of native Tat in tumorigenicity, induction of metastases and angiogenesis. DESIGN AND METHODS Tat was quantified by flow cytometry and chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) assays. Tumorigenicity and metastatic ability of cell lines were assayed in nude mice. Production of proteases was evaluated by a plasmin chromogenic assay and gelatinase zymography. The angiogenic effect was studied in vivo with conditioned medium from tumour cell lines. RESULTS Tat protein was detected in tumour cell lines in amounts from 600-7000 molecules/cell. Conditioned medium from tumour cell lines was able to transactivate an LTR-CAT in HL3T1 cells, indicating release of extracellular Tat. Tumour cell lines, inoculated into nude mice induced angiogenic tumours with remarkable recruitment of host endothelial cells. Metastases were detected in lymph nodes, lungs, kidneys, and heart. Cell lines produced relevant amounts of proteases. Conditioned medium implanted in mice with matrigel induced an angiogenic response, enhanced by addition of heparin. Preincubation with an anti-Tat antibody abolished the angiogenic effect. CONCLUSIONS Tat from cells from BKV/tat transgenic mice promotes tumorigenesis and formation of metastases and induces angiogenic activity. Angiogenesis occurs at physiological concentrations of Tat lower than 20 ng/ml. The effects of Tat on induction of metastases and angiogenesis appear to be mediated by activation of proteases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- BK Virus/genetics
- Blotting, Southern
- Culture Media, Conditioned
- Endopeptidases/biosynthesis
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Products, tat/genetics
- Gene Products, tat/immunology
- Gene Products, tat/physiology
- HIV Long Terminal Repeat/genetics
- HIV-1/genetics
- Kidney/pathology
- Lung/pathology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Mice, Transgenic
- Myocardium/pathology
- Neoplasm Metastasis/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/virology
- Transcriptional Activation
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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Affiliation(s)
- A Corallini
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Italy
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144
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Mannello F, Bocchiotti GD, Morano FP, Fratepietro LM, Gazzanelli G. Lipids status in human breast cyst fluids. Cancer Lett 1996; 98:137-43. [PMID: 8556700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Benign mammary gross cystic disease is the most common breast lesion; women with apocrine changes of epithelium lining the cysts are at higher risk for developing breast cancer than the normal population. Total cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoproteins fractions, triglycerides and phospholipids, lipase activity and total lipid concentrations were measured in cyst fluids and sera from 89 women affected by gross cystic breast disease. Total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein content were significantly (P < 0.001) greater in pooled cyst fluids than normal sera. Moreover, data analyses show a significant increase in the mean values of total lipids and lipase activity in metabolically active apocrine cysts, when compared to the flattened cysts (P < 0.001). The lipids feature of apocrine cysts could represent an altered expression of biosynthetic activity of the surrounding apocrine cell surface glycolipid and steroidogenic metabolism and may provide further knowledge about the functional stage changes of gross breast cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Istituto di Istologia ed Analisi di Laboratorio, Facoltà di Scienze M.F.N., Università degli Studi, Urbino (PS), Italy
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145
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147
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Abstract
Opioid peptides have a variety of pathophysiologic actions, playing a novel important role in human breast cancer. The expression of beta-endorphin was studied in 84 human breast cyst fluids from gross cystic breast disease-affected patients. The concentration of beta-endorphin in pooled breast cyst fluids was over four-fold higher than in respective plasma with a significant increase in the mean value of the 'metabolically active' apocrine cysts when compared with flattened cysts (P < 0.001). The higher levels of Type I cyst suggest de novo mammary synthesis of endogenous opioid peptides and could represent an altered expression of biosynthetic activity of apocrine breast cells, providing a possible explanation on functional changes of gross cysts, on the mechanism of their formation and a perspective relationship to breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Institute of Histology and Laboratory Analysis, University of Urbino, Italy
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148
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Cantoni O, Guidarelli A, Sestili P, Mannello F, Gazzanelli G, Cattabeni F. Hydrogen peroxide cytotoxicity under conditions of normal or reduced catalase activity in H2O2-sensitive and -resistant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell variants. Toxicol Lett 1994; 73:193-9. [PMID: 8091427 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(94)90058-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
H2O2-sensitive and -resistant sublines of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells were tested for their sensitivity to the growth inhibitory effect elicited by increasing concentrations of the oxidant under conditions of normal or reduced catalase activity. Experimental results have demonstrated that, under conditions of reduced catalase activity, the cytotoxic action of H2O2 was differentially regulated in resistant and sensitive cells. Indeed, the parental cell line and cells resistant to low concentrations of H2O2 (V 250 cells) depended on catalase to a lower extent than did highly resistant cells (V 850 cells). It is interesting to note that V 250 cells had more catalase, on a per million cell basis, than V 850 cells. We conclude that acquired resistance to oxidative stress is not entirely dependent on catalase and that the contribution of catalase depends on the degree of resistance to the oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Cantoni
- Istituto di Farmacologia e Farmacognosia, Università degli Studi di Urbino, Italy
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149
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Ninfali P, Baronciani L, Rapa S, Marzioni D, Mannello F. Goat immunoglobulin purification on phosphocellulose and DEAE Affi-Gel blue. Prep Biochem 1994; 24:1-13. [PMID: 8190710 DOI: 10.1080/10826069408010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We describe a method for the efficient purification of immunoglobulins G (IgG) to near homogeneity from goat serum. This was achieved by performing first an AS-40 fractionation on goat serum, followed by chromatography on phosphocellulose (P11) equilibrated in citrate buffer at pH 5.7. Peak I, eluted at V0 from P11, contained all IgG and the other serum proteins, except beta-globulins and most of the alpha-2-globulins, which are eluted in a second peak with 0.24 M K-phosphate in citrate buffer at pH 6.0. Peak I, concentrated and dialyzed in 20 mM K-phosphate buffer pH 8.0, was then applied onto a DEAE Affi-Gel Blue column equilibrated in the same buffer. Two peaks were obtained from this column: peak I, eluted at V0 contained a pure IgG fraction, while the other serum proteins were in peak II. We conclude that the P11 step, performed under the conditions we report here, is very useful to retain the alpha-2 and beta-globulins, which contaminate the IgG when only the DEAE Affi-Gel Blue purification step is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ninfali
- Istituto di Chimica Biologica G. Fornaini, Università di Urbino, Italy
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150
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Abstract
Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, a serum protease inhibitor, was found in 72 breast cyst fluids aspirated from women affected by gross cystic breast disease. When fractionated by gel chromatography, the presence of protein complexes or aggregates was demonstrated. A different distribution of the alpha 1-antichymotrypsin appeared to be related to the ionic composition of the breast cyst fluid; when compared with metabolically active apocrine cysts, a statistically significant increase of alpha 1 protease inhibitor values in flattened epithelial cysts was revealed (P < 0.001). Two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis showed in apocrine cysts (Na/K ratio < 3) a characteristic double peak of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin immunoprecipitin curve. The relationship between this alpha 1 protease inhibitor and electrolyte profiles may provide further knowledge about the imbalance between proteases and their inhibitors on functional changes of gross cysts and might be useful in studies on their mechanism of formation and relationship to subsequent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mannello
- Institute of Histology and Laboratory Analyses, University of Urbino, Italy
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