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Constantino JA, Delgado-Rastrollo M, Pacha-Olivenza MA, Pérez-Giraldo C, Quiles M, González-Martín ML, Gallardo-Moreno AM. In vivo bactericidal efficacy of farnesol on Ti6Al4V implants. Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol (Engl Ed) 2016; 60:260-6. [PMID: 27239017 DOI: 10.1016/j.recot.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the in vivo anti-staphylococcal bactericidal activity of farnesol on Ti6Al4V surfaces. MATERIAL AND METHODS An experimental model of infection in biomaterials was developed by inoculation of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 into the canal of both femurs of 15 Wistar rats. A Ti6Al4V pin impregnated with 30mM of farnesol was inserted into study femur, and a Ti6Al4V control was inserted into the control femur. To evaluate the bactericidal efficacy, a comparison was made between the median of the colony forming units recovered after inoculation in the study group and the control group for different times of euthanasia and inoculum size. RESULTS The median expressed as Log10 CFU counts obtained with farnesol titanium pin was 4.26, and in control group, it was 4.86, which was statistically significant (P=.001) on applying the Student t test for related samples. The median reduction obtained in farnesol pins relative to the control was 74%. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with farnesol 30mM on Ti6Al4V pins appears to decrease the rate of colonisation by Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Constantino
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, España; Departamento de Terapéutica Medico Quirúrgica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, España.
| | - M Delgado-Rastrollo
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Área Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) (CIBER-BBN), España
| | - M A Pacha-Olivenza
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) (CIBER-BBN), España
| | - C Pérez-Giraldo
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Área Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) (CIBER-BBN), España
| | - M Quiles
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, España; Departamento de Terapéutica Medico Quirúrgica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, España
| | - M L González-Martín
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) (CIBER-BBN), España
| | - A M Gallardo-Moreno
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) (CIBER-BBN), España
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Abstract
Treatment of tuberculosis (TB) has been a therapeutic challenge because of not only the naturally high resistance level of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to antibiotics but also the newly acquired mutations that confer further resistance. Currently standardized regimens require patients to daily ingest up to four drugs under direct observation of a healthcare worker for a period of 6-9 months. Although they are quite effective in treating drug susceptible TB, these lengthy treatments often lead to patient non-adherence, which catalyzes for the emergence of M. tuberculosis strains that are increasingly resistant to the few available anti-TB drugs. The rapid evolution of M. tuberculosis, from mono-drug-resistant to multiple drug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and most recently totally drug-resistant strains, is threatening to make TB once again an untreatable disease if new therapeutic options do not soon become available. Here, I discuss the molecular mechanisms by which M. tuberculosis confers its profound resistance to antibiotics. This knowledge may help in developing novel strategies for weakening drug resistance, thus enhancing the potency of available antibiotics against both drug susceptible and resistant M. tuberculosis strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liem Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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Martínez-Hoyos M, Perez-Herran E, Gulten G, Encinas L, Álvarez-Gómez D, Alvarez E, Ferrer-Bazaga S, García-Pérez A, Ortega F, Angulo-Barturen I, Rullas-Trincado J, Blanco Ruano D, Torres P, Castañeda P, Huss S, Fernández Menéndez R, González Del Valle S, Ballell L, Barros D, Modha S, Dhar N, Signorino-Gelo F, McKinney JD, García-Bustos JF, Lavandera JL, Sacchettini JC, Jimenez MS, Martín-Casabona N, Castro-Pichel J, Mendoza-Losana A. Antitubercular drugs for an old target: GSK693 as a promising InhA direct inhibitor. EBioMedicine 2016; 8:291-301. [PMID: 27428438 PMCID: PMC4919555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite being one of the first antitubercular agents identified, isoniazid (INH) is still the most prescribed drug for prophylaxis and tuberculosis (TB) treatment and, together with rifampicin, the pillars of current chemotherapy. A high percentage of isoniazid resistance is linked to mutations in the pro-drug activating enzyme KatG, so the discovery of direct inhibitors (DI) of the enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) has been pursued by many groups leading to the identification of different enzyme inhibitors, active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), but with poor physicochemical properties to be considered as preclinical candidates. Here, we present a series of InhA DI active against multidrug (MDR) and extensively (XDR) drug-resistant clinical isolates as well as in TB murine models when orally dosed that can be a promising foundation for a future treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Martínez-Hoyos
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Perez-Herran
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gulcin Gulten
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Lourdes Encinas
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Álvarez-Gómez
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Alvarez
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Ferrer-Bazaga
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo García-Pérez
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Ortega
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo Angulo-Barturen
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquin Rullas-Trincado
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Delia Blanco Ruano
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Torres
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Castañeda
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sophie Huss
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Lluis Ballell
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Barros
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sundip Modha
- Target and Pathway Validation, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, Herts, UK
| | - Neeraj Dhar
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - François Signorino-Gelo
- Target and Pathway Validation, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, Herts, UK
| | - John D McKinney
- Target and Pathway Validation, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, Herts, UK
| | | | - Jose Luis Lavandera
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - James C Sacchettini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | | | - Nuria Martín-Casabona
- Department of Microbiology Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Autonomous University Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Castro-Pichel
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Mendoza-Losana
- Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain.
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Constantino JA, Delgado-Rastrollo M, Pacha-Olivenza MA, González-Martín ML, Quiles M, Pérez-Giraldo C, Bruque JM, Gallardo-Moreno AM. In vivo bactericidal efficacy of the Ti6Al4V surface after ultraviolet C treatment. J Orthop Traumatol 2016; 18:59-67. [PMID: 27137674 PMCID: PMC5310995 DOI: 10.1007/s10195-016-0407-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Biomaterial-associated infections are one of the most important complications in orthopedic surgery. The main goal of this study was to demonstrate the in vivo bactericidal effect of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on Ti6Al4V surfaces. Materials and methods An experimental model of device-related infections was developed by direct inoculation of Staphylococcus aureus into the canal of both femurs of 34 rats. A UV-irradiated Ti6Al4V pin was press-fit into the canal by retrograde insertion in one femur and the control pin was inserted into the contralateral femur. To assess the efficacy of UV radiation, the mean colony counts after inoculation in the experimental subjects and the control group were compared at different times of sacrifice and at different inoculum doses. Results At 72 h, the mean colony counts after inoculation in experimental femurs were significantly lower than those of the control group, with a reduction percentage of 76 % (p = 0.041). A similar difference between control and experimental pins was observed at 24 h using an inoculum dose <104 colony-forming units (CFU), for which the reduction percentage was 70.48 % (p = 0.017). Conclusion The irradiated surface of Ti6Al4V is able to reduce early bacterial colonization of Ti6AlV pins located in the medullar channel and in the surrounding femur. The reductions depend on the initial inoculums used to cause infection in the animals and the greatest effects are detected for inoculums <104 CFU. Level of evidence Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Constantino
- Orthopaedic and Traumatic Service, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Badajoz, Avenida Tellez Lafuente s/n, 06010, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - María Delgado-Rastrollo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Microbiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
| | - Miguel A Pacha-Olivenza
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
| | - M Luisa González-Martín
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
| | - Manuel Quiles
- Orthopaedic and Traumatic Service, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Badajoz, Avenida Tellez Lafuente s/n, 06010, Badajoz, Spain
| | - C Pérez-Giraldo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Microbiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
| | - José M Bruque
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
| | - Amparo M Gallardo-Moreno
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
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105
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Angajala KK, Vianala S, Macha R, Raghavender M, Thupurani MK, Pathi PJ. Synthesis, anti-inflammatory, bactericidal activities and docking studies of novel 1,2,3-triazoles derived from ibuprofen using click chemistry. Springerplus 2016; 5:423. [PMID: 27104111 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are of vast therapeutic benefit in the treatment of different types of inflammatory conditions. 1,2,3-Triazoles and their derivatives have a wide range of applications as anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-tubercular, cytostatic, anti-HIV, anti-allergic, anti-neoplastic and anti-inflammatory (AI) agents. Considering the individual biological and medicinal importance of ibuprofen and 1,2,3-triazoles, we wanted to explore novel chemical entities based on ibuprofen and triazole moieties towards their biological significance. RESULTS Click chemistry has utilized as an ideal strategy to prepare novel ibuprofen-based 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole containing molecules. These compounds were screened for their in vivo AI activity, among all the synthesized analogues 13o was shown potent effect than the reference AI drug ibuprofen at the same concentration (10 mg/kg body weight). Compounds 13l, 13g, 13c, 13k, 13i, 13n, 13m and 13j were shown significant AI activity. These triazole analogues were also screened for their bactericidal profile. Compounds 13c, 13i, 13l and 13o exhibited considerable bactericidal activity against gram positive and gram negative strains. In addition to this, molecular docking studies were also carried out into cyclooxygenase-2 active site to predict the affinity and orientation of these novel compounds (13a-q). CONCLUSIONS In summary, we have designed and synthesized 1,2,3-triazole analogues of ibuprofen in good yields using Click chemistry approach. AI and bactericidal activities of these compounds were evaluated and shown remarkable results.
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106
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Pegalajar-Jurado A, Wold KA, Joslin JM, Neufeld BH, Arabea KA, Suazo LA, McDaniel SL, Bowen RA, Reynolds MM. Reprint of: Nitric oxide-releasing polysaccharide derivative exhibits 8-log reduction against Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus. J Control Release 2016; 220:617-23. [PMID: 26686492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Health-care associated infections (HAIs) and the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria strains remain significant public health threats worldwide. Although the number of HAIs has decreased by using improved sterilization protocols, the cost related to HAIs is still quantified in billions of dollars. Furthermore, the development of multi-drug resistant strains is increasing exponentially, demonstrating that current treatments are inefficient. Thus, the quest for new methods to eradicate bacterial infection is increasingly important in antimicrobial, drug delivery and biomaterials research. Herein, the bactericidal activity of a water-soluble NO-releasing polysaccharide derivative was evaluated in nutrient broth media against three bacteria strains that are commonly responsible for HAIs. Data confirmed that this NO-releasing polysaccharide derivative induced an 8-log reduction in bacterial growth after 24h for Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, the absence of bacteria after 72 h of exposure to NO illustrates the inability of the bacteria to recover and the prevention of biofilm formation. The presented 8-log reduction in bacterial survival after 24h is among the highest reduction reported for NO delivery systems to date, and reaches the desired standard for industrially-relevant reduction. More specifically, this system represents the only water-soluble antimicrobial to reach such a significant bacterial reduction in nutrient rich media, wherein experimental conditions more closely mimic the in vivo environment than those in previous reports. Furthermore, the absence of bacterial activity after 72 h and the versatility of using a water-soluble compound suggest that this NO-releasing polysaccharide derivative is a promising route for treating HAIs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathryn A Wold
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Jessica M Joslin
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Bella H Neufeld
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Kristin A Arabea
- Department of Chemical Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Lucas A Suazo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Stephen L McDaniel
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Richard A Bowen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Melissa M Reynolds
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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107
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Okamoto K, Ikeda F, Kanayama S, Nakajima A, Matsumoto T, Ishii R, Umehara M, Gotoh N, Hayashi N, Iyoda T, Matsuzaki K, Matsumoto S, Kawashima M. In vitro antimicrobial activity of benzoyl peroxide against Propionibacterium acnes assessed by a novel susceptibility testing method. J Infect Chemother 2016; 22:426-9. [PMID: 26806150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Benzoyl peroxide (BPO), a therapeutic agent for acne vulgaris, was assessed for in vitro antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acnes using a novel broth microdilution testing that improved BPO solubility. We searched for a suitable culture medium to measure the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of BPO against P. acnes and finally found the Gifu anaerobic medium (GAM) broth supplemented with 0.1(v/v)% glycerol and 2(v/v)% Tween 80, in which BPO dissolved up to 1250 μg/mL and P. acnes grew well. The MICs and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of BPO against 44 clinical isolates of P. acnes collected from Japanese patients with acne vulgaris were determined by our testing method using the supplemented GAM broth. The MICs of BPO were 128 or 256 μg/mL against all isolates of P. acnes regardless of susceptibility to nadifloxacin or clindamycin. The MBCs of BPO were also 128 or 256 μg/mL against the same isolates. Moreover, BPO at the MIC showed a rapid bactericidal activity against P. acnes ATCC11827 in time-kill assay. In conclusion, we could develop a novel assay for the MIC and MBC determinations of BPO against P. acnes, which is reliable and reproducible as a broth microdilution testing and the present results suggest that BPO has a potent bactericidal activity against P. acnes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Okamoto
- Drug Development Research Laboratories, Kyoto R&D Center, Maruho Co., Ltd., Japan; Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
| | - Fumiaki Ikeda
- Drug Development Research Laboratories, Kyoto R&D Center, Maruho Co., Ltd., Japan
| | - Shoji Kanayama
- Drug Development Research Laboratories, Kyoto R&D Center, Maruho Co., Ltd., Japan; Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - Akiko Nakajima
- Drug Development Research Laboratories, Kyoto R&D Center, Maruho Co., Ltd., Japan
| | - Tatsumi Matsumoto
- Drug Development Research Laboratories, Kyoto R&D Center, Maruho Co., Ltd., Japan
| | - Ritsuko Ishii
- Drug Development Research Laboratories, Kyoto R&D Center, Maruho Co., Ltd., Japan
| | - Masatoshi Umehara
- CMC Research Laboratories, Kyoto R&D Center, Maruho Co., Ltd., Japan
| | - Naomasa Gotoh
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayashi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - Takako Iyoda
- Clinical Trial Testing Department, LSI Medience Co., Japan
| | | | | | - Makoto Kawashima
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
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Hou X, Ma H, Liu F, Deng J, Ai Y, Zhao X, Mao D, Li D, Liao B. Synthesis of Ag ion-implanted TiO2 thin films for antibacterial application and photocatalytic performance. J Hazard Mater 2015; 299:59-66. [PMID: 26093355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
TiO2 thin films were deposited by spin coating method. Silver ions were implanted into the films using a Metal Vapor Vacuum Arc implanter. The antibacterial ability of implanted films was tested using Escherichia coli removal under fluorescent irradiation and in the dark. The concentration of E. coli was evaluated by plating technique. The photocatalytic efficiency of the implanted films was studied by degradation of methyl orange under fluorescent illumination. The surface free energy of the implanted TiO2 films was calculated by contact angle testing. Vitamin C was used as radical scavengers to explore the antibacterial mechanism of the films. The results supported the model that both generation of reactive oxygen species and release of silver ions played critical roles in the toxic effect of implanted films against E. coli. XPS experimental results demonstrated that a portion of the Ag(Ag(3+)) ions were doped into the crystalline lattice of TiO2. As demonstrated by density functional theory calculations, the impurity energy level of subtitutional Ag was responsible for enhanced absorption of visible light. Ag ion-implanted TiO2 films with excellent antibacterial efficiency against bacteria and decomposed ability against organic pollutants could be potent bactericidal surface in moist environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinggang Hou
- Department of Physics, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Huiyan Ma
- Department of Physics, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Physics, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jianhua Deng
- Department of Physics, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yukai Ai
- Department of Physics, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xinlei Zhao
- Department of Physics, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Dong Mao
- Department of Physics, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Dejun Li
- Department of Physics, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Bin Liao
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Tetz G, Tetz V. In vitro antimicrobial activity of a novel compound, Mul-1867, against clinically important bacteria. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2015; 4:45. [PMID: 26550474 PMCID: PMC4636785 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-015-0088-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The antimicrobial activity of Mul-1867, a novel synthetic compound, was tested against 18 bacterial strains, including clinical isolates and reference strains from culture collections. Methods The minimal inhibitory concentration (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBCs) were determined by using the broth macrodilution method. The kinetics of the inhibitory effects of Mul-1867 against biofilm-growing microorganisms was assessed at time-kill test in vitro against 48-h-old biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Transmission electron microscopy analyses was conducted to examine cell disruption. Results A comparative assessment of the antimicrobial activities of Mul-1867 and chlorhexidine digluconate (CHG), used as a control antimicrobial, indicated that Mul-1867 was significantly more effective as a disinfectant than CHG. Mul-1867 showed potent antimicrobial activities against all the tested bacteria (MIC: 0.03–0.5 μg/mL). Furthermore, MBC/MIC ratio of Mul-1867 for all tested strains was less than or equal to 4. Time-kill studies showed that treatment with Mul-1867 (0.05–2 %) reduced bacterial numbers by 2.8–4.8 log10 colony forming units (CFU)/mL within 15–60 s. Bactericidal activity of Mul-1867 was confirmed by morphological changes revealed by TEM suggested that the killing of bacteria was the result of membrane disruption. Conclusion Overall, these data indicated that Mul-1867 may be a promising antimicrobial for the treatment and prevention of human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Tetz
- TGV-Therapeutics, Institute of Human Microbiology, LLC, 303 5th avenue, suite 2012, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Victor Tetz
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Samy RP, Stiles BG, Chinnathambi A, Zayed ME, Alharbi SA, Franco OL, Rowan EG, Kumar AP, Lim LH, Sethi G. Viperatoxin-II: A novel viper venom protein as an effective bactericidal agent. FEBS Open Bio 2015; 5:928-41. [PMID: 26793432 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Two novel viperatoxins (VipTx-I and VipTx-II) from Indian Russell’s viper snake venom were purified and characterized. VipTx-II but not VipTx-I showed strong antimicrobial effects against S. aureus and Burkholderia pseudomallei (strains KHW/TES), Proteus vulgaris and P. mirabilis. In broth dilution assays, VipTx-II had a potent bactericidal effect at the lowest dilutions against B. pseudomallei (strains KHW/TES), S. aureus and P. mirabilis. Protein-induced bactericidal potency was closely associated with pore formation and membrane damage. These proteins showed a low level of cytotoxic effects on human cells.
Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have become a rising threat to public health. There is an urgent need for development of promising new therapeutic agents against drug resistant bacteria like S. aureus. This report discusses purification and characterization of proteins from Indian Russell’s viper snake venom. Novel 15-kDa proteins called “Viperatoxin” (VipTx-I and VipTx-II) were extracted from the whole venom and evaluated using in vitro antimicrobial experiments. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of “Viperatoxin” showed high sequence homology to daboiatoxin isolated from the same venom and also matched phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes isolated from other snake venoms. In an in vitro plate assay, VipTx-II but not VipTx-I showed strong antimicrobial effects against S. aureus and Burkholderia pseudomallei (KHW & TES), Proteus vulgaris and P. mirabilis. The VipTx-II was further tested by a broth-dilution assay at 100–3.1 μg/ml concentrations. The most potent bactericidal effect was found at the lowest dilutions (MICs of 6.25 μg/ml) against B. pseudomallei, S. aureus and P. vulgaris (MICs of 12.25 μg/ml). Electron microscopic investigation revealed that the protein-induced bactericidal potency was closely associated with pore formation and membrane damage, even at the lowest concentrations (<20 μg/ml). The toxin caused a low level of cytotoxic effects as observed in human (THP-1) cells at higher concentrations. Molecular weight determinations of VipTx-II by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed one major, along with a few minor bands. The results indicate that VipTx-II plays a significant role in bactericidal and membrane damaging effects in vitro. Non-cytotoxic properties on human cells highlight it as a promising candidate for further evaluation of antimicrobial potential in vivo.
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Key Words
- Bactericidal
- Daboia russelli russelli
- MALDI-TOF/MS, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight/mass spectrometer
- MDR, multi-drug resistant
- MH, Mueller Hinton
- MICs, minimum inhibitory concentrations
- MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
- MTXs, myotoxins
- PLA2, phospholipase A2
- Phospholipase A2
- SEM, scanning electron microscopy
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- TS, Tryptic Soya
- VipTx-I and VipTx-II, viperatoxins I and II
- Viperatoxin-I
- Viperatoxin-II
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Pegalajar-Jurado A, Wold KA, Joslin JM, Neufeld BH, Arabea KA, Suazo LA, McDaniel SL, Bowen RA, Reynolds MM. Nitric oxide-releasing polysaccharide derivative exhibits 8-log reduction against Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus. J Control Release 2015; 217:228-34. [PMID: 26374942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Health-care associated infections (HAIs) and the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria strains remain significant public health threats worldwide. Although the number of HAIs has decreased by using improved sterilization protocols, the cost related to HAIs is still quantified in billions of dollars. Furthermore, the development of multi-drug resistant strains is increasing exponentially, demonstrating that current treatments are inefficient. Thus, the quest for new methods to eradicate bacterial infection is increasingly important in antimicrobial, drug delivery and biomaterials research. Herein, the bactericidal activity of a water-soluble NO-releasing polysaccharide derivative was evaluated in nutrient broth media against three bacteria strains that are commonly responsible for HAIs. Data confirmed that this NO-releasing polysaccharide derivative induced an 8-log reduction in bacterial growth after 24h for Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, the absence of bacteria after 72h of exposure to NO illustrates the inability of the bacteria to recover and the prevention of biofilm formation. The presented 8-log reduction in bacterial survival after 24h is among the highest reduction reported for NO delivery systems to date, and reaches the desired standard for industrially-relevant reduction. More specifically, this system represents the only water-soluble antimicrobial to reach such a significant bacterial reduction in nutrient rich media, wherein experimental conditions more closely mimic the in vivo environment than those in previous reports. Furthermore, the absence of bacterial activity after 72h and the versatility of using a water-soluble compound suggest that this NO-releasing polysaccharide derivative is a promising route for treating HAIs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathryn A Wold
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Jessica M Joslin
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Bella H Neufeld
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Kristin A Arabea
- Department of Chemical Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Lucas A Suazo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Stephen L McDaniel
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Richard A Bowen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Melissa M Reynolds
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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Padrão J, Machado R, Casal M, Lanceros-Méndez S, Rodrigues LR, Dourado F, Sencadas V. Antibacterial performance of bovine lactoferrin-fish gelatine electrospun membranes. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:608-14. [PMID: 26314908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The increase of antibiotic resistant microorganisms urged the development and synthesis of novel antimicrobial biomaterials to be employed in a broad range of applications, ranging from food packaging to medical devices. This work describes the production and characterization of a protein-based electrospun fibrous membranes bearing antimicrobial properties. Its composition is exclusively comprised of proteins, with fish gelatine as structural matrix and bovine lactoferrin (bLF) as the active antimicrobial agent. The bLF bactericidal effect was determined against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus through microdilution assays. Two distinctive methods were used to incorporate bLF into the fish gelatine nanofibres: (i) as a filler in the electrospinning formulation with concentrations of 2, 5 and 10 (wt%), and cross-linked with glutaraldehyde vapour, in order to achieve stability in aqueous solution; and (ii) through adsorption in a solution with 40mgmL(-1) bLF. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that the structure of both proteins remained intact through the electrospinning blending and cross-linking procedure. Remarkable antibacterial properties were obtained with membranes containing 5% and 10% bLF with a bacterial reduction of approximately 90% and 100%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Padrão
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Raul Machado
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Margarida Casal
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Ligia R Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Fernando Dourado
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Vitor Sencadas
- School of Mechanical, Materials and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
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Sudharshan S, Dhananjaya BL. Antibacterial potential of a basic phospholipase A2 (VRV-PL-VIIIa) from Daboia russelii pulchella (Russell's viper) venom. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2015; 21:17. [PMID: 26042153 PMCID: PMC4453231 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-015-0014-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microbial/bacterial resistance against antibiotics poses a serious threat to public health. Furthermore, the side effects of these antibiotics have stimulated tremendous interest in developing new molecules from diverse organisms as therapeutic agents. This study evaluates the antibacterial potential of a basic protein, Vipera russellii venom phospholipase A2 fraction VIIIa (VRV-PL-VIIIa), from Daboia russelii pulchella venom against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Methods The antibacterial potential of VRV-PL-VIIIa in the presence and absence of an inhibitor (p-bromophenacyl bromide) was tested against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by microdilution tests. Results VRV-PL-VIIIa demonstrated potent antibacterial activities against all the human pathogenic strains tested. It more effectively inhibited such gram-positive bacteria as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, when compared to the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella paratyphi. It inhibited bacterial growth at minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 11.1 to 19.2 μg/mL. The anti-bacterial potential of VRV-PL-VIIIa was comparable to the standards gentamycin, chlorophenicol and streptomycin. The PLA2’s hemolytic and antibacterial activities were strongly correlated. Furthermore, even in the presence of p-bromophenacyl bromide, intense antibacterial activity was observed, suggesting a dissociation or partial overlapping of the bactericidal/antimicrobial domains. Conclusion VRV-PL-VIIIa demonstrated potent antibacterial activities against all the human pathogenic strains tested. The study shows that despite a strong correlation between enzymatic and antimicrobial activities of VRV-PL-VIIIa, it may possess additional properties that mimic the bactericidal/membrane permeability-increasing protein. This study encourages further in-depth studies on the molecular mechanisms of antibacterial properties of VRV-PL-VIIIa, which would thereby facilitate development of this protein into a possible therapeutic lead molecule for treating bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivalingaiah Sudharshan
- Toxinology Group, Adichunchanagiri Biotechnology and Cancer Research Institute (ABCRI), Balagangadharanatha Nagara, Mandya District, Karnataka India
| | - Bhadrapura Lakkappa Dhananjaya
- Toxinology Group, Adichunchanagiri Biotechnology and Cancer Research Institute (ABCRI), Balagangadharanatha Nagara, Mandya District, Karnataka India ; Toxinology/Toxicology and Drug Discovery Unit, Center for Emerging Technologies (CET), Jain University, Jakksandra Post, Ramanagara, 562112 India
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Yu Q, Wu Z, Chen H. Dual-function antibacterial surfaces for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2015; 16:1-13. [PMID: 25637065 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial attachment and the subsequent formation of biofilm on surfaces of synthetic materials pose a serious problem in both human healthcare and industrial applications. In recent decades, considerable attention has been paid to developing antibacterial surfaces to reduce the extent of initial bacterial attachment and thereby to prevent subsequent biofilm formation. Briefly, there are three main types of antibacterial surfaces: bactericidal surfaces, bacteria-resistant surfaces, and bacteria-release surfaces. The strategy adopted to develop each type of surface has inherent advantages and disadvantages; many efforts have been focused on the development of novel antibacterial surfaces with dual functionality. In this review, we highlight the recent progress made in the development of dual-function antibacterial surfaces for biomedical applications. These surfaces are based on the combination of two strategies into one system, which can kill attached bacteria as well as resisting or releasing bacteria. Perspectives on future research directions for the design of dual-function antibacterial surfaces are also provided.
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Palla AH, Khan NA, Bashir S, Ur-Rehman N, Iqbal J, Gilani AH. Pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Linum usitatissimum (Flaxseed) in infectious and non-infectious diarrhea. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 160:61-8. [PMID: 25433250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Linum usitatissimum, commonly known as Flaxseed has traditionally been used for the management of diarrhea and gastrointestinal infections. This study was planned to assess pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Flaxseed in infectious and non-infectious diarrhea. MATERIALS AND METHODS The crude aqueous-methanolic extract of Flaxseed was studied using the in vivo castor oil-induced diarrhea, gut motility and enteropooling assays. Mechanistic basis was further elucidated by testing the inhibitory effect on spontaneously contracting isolated rabbit jejunum preparations, suspended in a 10ml tissue bath containing Tyrode׳ solution, maintained at 37°C and aerated with carbogen. Antibacterial efficacy of the Flaxseed extract was tested against different enteric and non-enteric pathogenic bacteria using in vitro antibacterial assays. RESULTS Flaxseed extract reduced the diarrheal score in mice, by 39%, 63.90% and 68.34% at the respective doses of 100, 300 and 500mg/kg. Intestinal secretions were reduced by 24.12%, 28.09% and 38.80%, whereas the intestinal motility was reduced by 31.66%, 46.98% and 56.20% at respective doses of 100, 300 and 500mg/kg. When tested on isolated rabbit jejunum preparations, Flaxseed extract produced a dose-dependent inhibition of both spontaneous and high K(+) (80mM)-induced contractions, and shifted the concentration-response curves of Ca(++) to the right with suppression of the maximum response, similar to that caused by verapamil. Flaxseed extract was found to possess bactericidal activity at the tested concentrations of 12.5mg/ml, against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (100%), Escherichia coli K1 (88.88%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (98.76%), Bacillus cereus (92.64%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (76.83%) and Salmonella typhi (26.91±3.35%). The concentration of 10mg/ml showed bactericidal effects against all the aforementioned pathogens except Escherichia coli K1, whereas for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi, it was bacteriostatic at this concentration. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that Linum usitatissimum (Flaxseed) extract exhibits antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities by virtue of its antimotility and antisecretory effects which are mediated possibly through inhibition of Ca(++) channels, though additional mechanism(s) cannot be ruled out. Flaxseed extract proved effective against both enteric and non-enteric pathogens causing diarrhea, thus ensuring wide coverage and rationalizing its medicinal use in both the infectious and non-infectious diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Hanif Palla
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Samra Bashir
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Najeeb Ur-Rehman
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi 74800, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, PO Box 1871, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Junaid Iqbal
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Anwarul-Hassan Gilani
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi 74800, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, PO Box 1871, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
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Chakraborty B, Nath A, Saikia H, Sengupta M. Bactericidal activity of selected medicinal plants against multidrug resistant bacterial strains from clinical isolates. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2014; 7S1:S435-41. [PMID: 25312164 DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60271-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the antibacterial effect of Curcuma longa (C. longa), Zingiber officinale (Z. officinale) and Tinospora cordifolia (T. cordifolia) against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Proteus mirabilis of clinical origin. METHODS The antimicrobial efficacy of said medicinal plants and establishment of multidrug resistant character of these bacteria were carried out using disc diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods. RESULTS The results of MIC and MBC showed that these clinical bacterial isolates were phenotypically multidrug resistant against standard antibiotics (>500 μg/mL). Compared to standard antibiotics, C. longa, Z. officinale and T. cordifolia were more effective in killing these microbes as evident from MIC and MBC values (5 to 125 μg/mL). Moreover, C. longa had highest antibacterial efficacy compared to Z. officinale and T. cordifolia. CONCLUSIONS The result thus obtained suggests that bioactive principles of these plants can be used particularly against these multidrug resistant bacteria of clinical origin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anupam Nath
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
| | - Himadri Saikia
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
| | - Mahuya Sengupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India.
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Zuo GY, Han ZQ, Hao XY, Han J, Li ZS, Wang GC. Synergy of aminoglycoside antibiotics by 3-Benzylchroman derivatives from the Chinese drug Caesalpinia sappan against clinical methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Phytomedicine 2014; 21:936-941. [PMID: 24703330 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro antimicrobial activities of three 3-Benzylchroman derivatives, i.e. Brazilin (1), Brazilein (2) and Sappanone B (3) from Caesalpinia sappan L. (Leguminosae) were assayed, which mainly dealt with synergistic evaluation of aminoglycoside and other type of antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by the three compounds through the Chequerboard and Time-kill curve methods. The results showed that Compounds 1-3 alone exhibited moderate to weak activity against methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and other standard strains by MICs/MBCs ranged from 32/64 to >1024/>1024 μg/ml, with the order of activity as 1>2>3. Chequerboard method showed significant anti-MRSA synergy of 1/Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin, Amikacin, Etimicin and Streptomycin) combinations with (FICIs)50 at 0.375-0.5. The combined (MICs)50 values (μg/ml) reduced from 32-128/16-64 to 4-8/4-16, respectively. The percent of reduction by MICs ranged from 50% to 87.5%, with a maximum of 93.8% (1/16 of the alone MIC). Combinations of 2 and 3 with Aminoglycosides and the other antibiotics showed less potency of synergy. The dynamic Time-killing experiment further demonstrated that the combinations of 1/aminoglycoside were synergistically bactericidal against MRSA. The anti-MRSA synergy results of the bacteriostatic (Chequerboard method) and bactericidal (time-kill method) efficiencies of 1/Aminoglycoside combinations was in good consistency, which made the resistance reversed by CLSI guidelines. We concluded that the 3-Benzylchroman derivative Brazilin (1) showed in vitro synergy of bactericidal activities against MRSA when combined with Aminoglycosides, which might be beneficial for combinatory therapy of MRSA infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Y Zuo
- Research Center for Natural Medicines, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming 650032, China.
| | - Z Q Han
- Research Center for Natural Medicines, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming 650032, China; School of Pharmacy, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - X Y Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - J Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Z S Li
- Kunming Institute of Virology of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming 650032, China
| | - G C Wang
- Research Center for Natural Medicines, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming 650032, China
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Zheng PX, Fang HY, Yang HB, Tien NY, Wang MC, Wu JJ. Lactobacillus pentosus strain LPS16 produces lactic acid, inhibiting multidrug-resistant Helicobacter pylori. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2014; 49:168-74. [PMID: 24874430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Helicobacter pylori is a human gastric pathogen. Antibiotic resistance of H. pylori has become a problem increasing the failure of H. pylori eradication. Therefore alternative approaches are required. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-H. pylori activity of Lactobacillus pentosus strain LPS16 and the mechanism of its killing effect. METHODS The anti-H. pylori activity of LPS16 was determined by the disc diffusion test and time killing assay. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis was used to analyze the secreted compounds of LPS16. Sixty H. pylori strains isolated from different gastric diseases, having different antibiotic susceptibility were collected to analyze the spectrum of anti-H. pylori activity of LPS16. Adhesion ability of LPS16 to gastric epithelial cell lines was assayed by flow cytometry. RESULTS The anti-H. pylori activity of LPS16 depended on the secreted component, and lactic acid mediated bactericidal activity against H. pylori. The bactericidal activity did not vary significantly among the strains isolated from different diseases having different antibiotic susceptibility. Moreover, LPS16 can adhere on gastric epithelial cell lines AKG and MKN45. CONCLUSION L. pentosus strain LPS16 had the broad-spectrum anti-H. pylori activity, suggesting that it can be used to prevent H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Xing Zheng
- Institutes of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Fang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Bai Yang
- Department of Pathology, Ton-Yen General Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Yueh Tien
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Wang
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Jong Wu
- Institutes of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Center of Infectious Disease and Signal Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Starliper CE, Ketola HG, Noyes AD, Schill WB, Henson FG, Chalupnicki MA, Dittman DE. An investigation of the bactericidal activity of selected essential oils to Aeromonas spp. J Adv Res 2015; 6:89-97. [PMID: 25685547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases of fishes caused by Aeromonas spp. are common, have broad host ranges and may cause high mortality. Treatments of captive-reared populations using antimicrobials are limited with concerns for bacterial resistance development and environmental dissemination. This study was done to determine whether selected plant-derived essential oils were bactericidal to Aeromonas spp. Initially, twelve essential oils were evaluated using a disk diffusion assay to an isolate of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, cause of fish furunculosis. The greatest zones of inhibition were obtained with oils of cinnamon Cinnamomum cassia, oregano Origanum vulgare, lemongrass Cymbopogon citratus and thyme Thymus vulgaris. Minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC’s) were determined for these four oils, Allimed® (garlic extract, Allium sativum) and colloidal silver to sixty-nine isolates representing nine Aeromonas spp. The lowest mean MBCs (0.02–0.04%) were obtained with three different sources of cinnamon oil. MBCs for three sources of oregano and lemongrass oils ranged from 0.14% to 0.30% and 0.10% to 0.65%, respectively, and for two thyme oils were 2.11% and 2.22%. The highest concentration (5%) of Allimed® tested resulted in MBCs to twelve isolates. A concentration of silver greater than 15 mg/L would be required to determine MBCs for all but one isolate.
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Bocheńska O, Rąpała-Kozik M, Wolak N, Braś G, Kozik A, Dubin A, Aoki W, Ueda M, Mak P. Secreted aspartic peptidases of Candida albicans liberate bactericidal hemocidins from human hemoglobin. Peptides 2013; 48:49-58. [PMID: 23927842 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Secreted aspartic peptidases (Saps) are a group of ten acidic hydrolases considered as key virulence factors of Candida albicans. These enzymes supply the fungus with nutrient amino acids as well as are able to degrade the selected host's proteins involved in the immune defense. Our previous studies showed that the human menstrual discharge is exceptionally rich in bactericidal hemoglobin (Hb) fragments - hemocidins. However, to date, the genesis of such peptides is unclear. The presented study demonstrates that the action of C. albicans isozymes Sap1-Sap6, Sap8 and Sap9, but not Sap7 and Sap10, toward human hemoglobin leads to limited proteolysis of this protein and generates a variety of antimicrobial hemocidins. We have identified these peptides and checked their activity against selected microorganisms representative for human vagina. We have also demonstrated that the process of Hb hydrolysis is most effective at pH 4.0, characteristic for vagina, and the liberated peptides showed pronounced killing activity toward Lactobacillus acidophilus, and to a lower degree, Escherichia coli. However, only a very weak activity toward Staphylococcus aureus and C. albicans was noticed. These findings provide interesting new insights into pathophysiology of human vaginal candidiasis and suggest that C. albicans may be able to compete with the other microorganisms of the same physiological niche using the microbicidal peptides generated from the host protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Bocheńska
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Rossi R, Granoff DM, Beernink PT. Meningococcal factor H-binding protein vaccines with decreased binding to human complement factor H have enhanced immunogenicity in human factor H transgenic mice. Vaccine 2013; 31:5451-7. [PMID: 24035433 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.08.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Factor H-binding protein (fHbp) is a component of a meningococcal vaccine recently licensed in Europe for prevention of serogroup B disease, and a second vaccine in clinical development. The protein specifically binds human factor H (fH), which down-regulates complement activation and enhances resistance to bactericidal activity. There are conflicting data from studies in human fH transgenic mice on whether binding of human fH to fHbp vaccines decreases immunogenicity, and whether mutant fHbp vaccines with decreased fH binding have enhanced immunogenicity. fHbp can be classified into two sub-families based on sequence divergence and immunologic cross-reactivity. Previous studies of mutant fHbp vaccines with low fH binding were from sub-family B, which account for approximately 60% of serogroup B case isolates. In the present study, we evaluated the immunogenicity of two mutant sub-family A fHbp vaccines containing single substitutions, T221A or D211A, which resulted in 15- or 30-fold lower affinity for human fH, respectively, than the corresponding control wild-type fHbp vaccine. In transgenic mice with high serum concentrations of human fH, both mutant vaccines elicited significantly higher IgG titers and higher serum bactericidal antibody responses than the control fHbp vaccine that bound human fH. Thus, mutations introduced into a sub-family A fHbp antigen to decrease fH binding can increase protective antibody responses in human fH transgenic mice. Collectively the data suggest that mutant fHbp antigens with decreased fH binding will result in superior vaccines in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Rossi
- Center for Immunobiology and Vaccine Development, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
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Parhi AK, Zhang Y, Saionz KW, Pradhan P, Kaul M, Trivedi K, Pilch DS, LaVoie EJ. Antibacterial activity of quinoxalines, quinazolines, and 1,5-naphthyridines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4968-74. [PMID: 23891185 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Several phenyl substituted naphthalenes and isoquinolines have been identified as antibacterial agents that inhibit FtsZ-Zing formation. In the present study we evaluated the antibacterial of several phenyl substituted quinoxalines, quinazolines and 1,5-naphthyridines against methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus and vancomycin-sensitive and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcusfaecalis. Some of the more active compounds against S. aureus were evaluated for their effect on FtsZ protein polymerization. Further studies were also performed to assess their relative bactericidal and bacteriostatic activities. The notable differences observed between nonquaternized and quaternized quinoxaline derivatives suggest that differing mechanisms of action are associated with their antibacterial properties.
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Das BK, Pattnaik P, Debnath C, Swain DK, Pradhan J. Effect of β-glucan on the immune response of early stage of Anabas testudineus (Bloch) challenged with fungus Saprolegnia parasitica. Springerplus 2013; 2:197. [PMID: 23741642 PMCID: PMC3667380 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to study the effect of different dosages of β-glucan suspension on immune response and disease resistance in Anabas testudineus spawns against a fungal pathogen Saprolegnia parasitica. Eight day old spawns were exposed for 3 h in four different dosages of β-glucan suspension in phosphate buffered saline at the rate of 0, 5, 10, 15 mg l-1. The cell suspension of spawn was assayed for total protein, acid phosphate, lysozyme, bactericidal and NBT activity. The spawns were then challenged with 3x105 CFU ml-1 of S. parasitica. The survivability percentage and immunological parameters were assayed upto day 7. Exposure of fish for 3h to all the concentrations of β-glucan recorded a significant enhancement in the immunological parameters such as lysozyme activity, bactericidal activity and NBT activity by the end of day 7. The challenge study indicated least mortality in the groups exposed to 10 mgl-1 and 15 mgl-1 but 15 mgl-1 gives little higher survivability. Thus 3 h exposure of β-glucan suspension could reduce the mortality and increase the immunity of A. testudineus spawns against S. parasitica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanta Kumar Das
- Fish Health Management Division, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (CIFA), P. O. Kausalyagnaga, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751 002 India
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Starliper CE, Watten BJ. Bactericidal efficacy of elevated pH on fish pathogenic and environmental bacteria. J Adv Res 2012; 4:345-53. [PMID: 25685439 PMCID: PMC4293871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ship ballast water is a recognized medium for transfer and introductions of nonindigenous species. There is a need for new ballast water treatment methods that effectively and safely eliminate or greatly minimize movements of these species. The present study employed laboratory methods to evaluate the bactericidal efficacy of increased pH (pH 10.0-12.0) for exposure durations of up to 72 h to kill a variety of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria including fish pathogens (Aeromonas spp., Yersinia ruckeri, Edwardsiella ictaluri, Serratia liquefaciens, Carnobacterium sp.), other common aquatic-inhabitant bacteria (Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Staphylococcus sp., Bacillus sp.) and indicators listed in International Maritime Organization D2 Standards; namely, Vibrio cholera (an environmental isolate from fish), Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. Volumes of 5 N NaOH were added to tryptic soy broth to obtain desired pH adjustments. Viable cells were determined after 0, 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. Initial (0 h) cell numbers ranged from 3.40 × 10(4) cfu/mL for Bacillus sp. to 2.44 × 10(7) cfu/mL for E. faecalis. The effective endpoints of pH and treatment duration necessary to realize 100% bactericidal effect varied; however, all bacteria tested were killed within 72 h at pH 12.0 or lower. The lowest parameters examined, 4 h at pH 10.0, were bactericidal to V. cholera, E. ictaluri, three of four isolates of E. coli, and (three of four) Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida. Bactericidal effect was attained at pH 10.0 within 12 h for the other A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, and within 24 h for P. fluorescens, and the remaining E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifford E Starliper
- Fish Health Research Laboratory, Leetown Science Center, United States Geological Survey, 11649 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA
| | - Barnaby J Watten
- S.O. Conte Anadromous Fish Research Center, Leetown Science Center, United States Geological Survey, One Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA 01376, USA
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Xavier TF, Senthilkumar S. Evaluation of extracts of the root of Seidenfia rheedii (Sw.) Szlach. for antibacterial activity. Anc Sci Life 2005; 25:16-20. [PMID: 22557183 PMCID: PMC3330891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2004] [Accepted: 05/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present investigation, aqueous, ethanol and petroleum ether, ethanol (1:1) root extracts of Seidenfia rheedii were tested against 12 different human pathogenic bacteria for antibacterial activity. It was found that ethanolic extracts inhibited the growth of all the bacterial strains tested whereas moderate antibacterial activity was associated with petroleum ether, ethanol (1:1) root extracts. The aqueous extract did not show antibacterial activity. Thus the present investigation reveals that the selected plant extracts have potential of bactericidal effect on test bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Francis Xavier
- Department of Microbiology, PGP College of Arts and Science, Namakkal – 637 206, S. India
| | - S. Senthilkumar
- Department of Botany, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli - 620 002, S. India
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