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Shiokawa N, Nakamura M, Sameshima M, Deguchi A, Hayashi T, Sasaki N, Sano A. Chorein, the protein responsible for chorea-acanthocytosis, interacts with β-adducin and β-actin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 441:96-101. [PMID: 24129186 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) is an autosomal, recessive hereditary disease characterized by striatal neurodegeneration and acanthocytosis, and caused by loss of function mutations in the vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog A (VPS13A) gene. VPS13A encodes chorein whose physiological function at the molecular level is poorly understood. In this study, we show that chorein interacts with β-adducin and β-actin. We first compare protein expression in human erythrocyte membranes using proteomic analysis. Protein levels of β-adducin isoform 1 and β-actin are markedly decreased in erythrocyte membranes from a ChAc patient. Subsequent co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and reverse co-IP assays using extracts from chorein-overexpressing human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells, shows that β-adducin (isoforms 1 and 2) and β-actin interact with chorein. Immunocytochemical analysis using chorein-overexpressing HEK293 cells demonstrates co-localization of chorein with β-adducin and β-actin. In addition, immunoreactivity of β-adducin isoform 1 is significantly decreased in the striatum of gene-targeted ChAc-model mice. Adducin and actin are membrane cytoskeletal proteins, involved in synaptic function. Expression of β-adducin is restricted to the brain and hematopoietic tissues, corresponding to the main pathological lesions of ChAc, and thereby implicating β-adducin and β-actin in ChAc pathogenesis.
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Lenhard-Vidal A, Assolini JP, Ono MA, Bredt CSO, Sano A, Itano EN. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii Antigens Elicit Different Serum IgG Responses in Chronic Paracoccidioidomycosis. Mycopathologia 2013; 176:345-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-013-9698-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sasaki T, Mogi SI, Kaneko T, Kojima H, Katoh S, Sano A, Kojima S. Relationship between tissue hydroxyl radical and oxidatively modified macromolecule levels. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2013; 14:498-507. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tada H, Kuroki Y, Funabashi T, Kamiya Y, Goto T, Suyama K, Sano A, Mitsushima D, Etgen AM, Takahashi T. Phasic synaptic incorporation of GluR2-lacking AMPA receptors at gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons is involved in the generation of the luteinizing hormone surge in female rats. Neuroscience 2013; 248:664-9. [PMID: 23811398 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive success depends on a robust and appropriately timed preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, which is induced by the activation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in response to positive feedback from increasing estrogen levels. Here we document an increase in postsynaptic GluR2-lacking Ca2+ -permeable AMPA-type glutamate receptors (CP-AMPARs) at synapses on GnRH neurons on the day of proestrus in rats, coincident with the increase in estrogen levels. Functional blockade of CP-AMPARs depressed the synaptic responses only on the day of proestrus and concomitantly attenuated the LH surge. Thus, the phasic synaptic incorporation of postsynaptic CP-AMPARs on GnRH neurons is involved in the generation of the LH surge.
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Haraguchi K, Miyachi S, Matsubara N, Nagano Y, Yamada H, Marui N, Sano A, Fujimoto H, Izumi T, Yamanouchi T, Asai T, Wakabayashi T. A mechanical coil insertion system for endovascular coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms. Interv Neuroradiol 2013; 19:159-66. [PMID: 23693038 DOI: 10.1177/159101991301900203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Like other fields of medicine, robotics and mechanization might be introduced into endovascular coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms for effective treatment. We have already reported that coil insertion force could be smaller and more stable when the coil delivery wire is driven mechanically at a constant speed. Another background is the difficulty in synchronizing operators' minds and hands when two operators control the microcatheter and the coil respectively. We have therefore developed a mechanical coil insertion system enabling a single operator to insert coils at a fixed speed while controlling the microcatheter. Using our new system, the operator manipulated the microcatheter with both hands and drove the coil using foot switches simultaneously. A delivery wire force sensor previously reported was used concurrently, allowing the operator to detect excessive stress on the wire. In vitro coil embolization was performed using three methods: simple mechanical advance of the coil; simple mechanical advance of the coil with microcatheter control; and driving (forward and backward) of the coil using foot switches in addition to microcatheter control. The system worked without any problems, and did not interfere with any procedures. In experimental coil embolization, delivery wire control using the foot switches as well as microcatheter manipulation helped to achieve successful insertion of coils. This system could offer the possibility of developing safer and more efficient coil embolization. Although we aim at total mechanization and automation of procedures in the future, microcatheter manipulation and synchronized delivery wire control are still indispensable using this system.
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Yamagata S, Tomita K, Sano H, Itoh Y, Fukai Y, Okimoto N, Watatani N, Inbe S, Miyajima H, Tsukamoto K, Santoh H, Ichihashi H, Sano A, Sato R, Tohda Y. Non-genomic inhibitory effect of glucocorticoids on activated peripheral blood basophils through suppression of lipid raft formation. Clin Exp Immunol 2012; 170:86-93. [PMID: 22943204 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04636.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the non-genomic effects of glucocorticoids (GCs) on inhibition of plasma membrane lipid raft formation in activated human basophils. Human basophils obtained from house dust mite (HDM)-sensitive volunteers were pretreated with hydrocortisone (CORT) or dexamethasone (Dex) for 30 min and then primed with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 10 ng/ml) or HDM (10 µg/ml). The expression of CD63, a basophil activation marker, was assessed by flow cytometry. Membrane-bound GC receptors (mGCRs) were analysed by flow cytometry and confocal laser microscopy. Lipid rafts were assessed using a GM1 ganglioside probe and visualization by confocal laser microscopy. Pretreatment of basophils with CORT (10(-4) M and 10(-5) M) and Dex (10(-7) M) significantly inhibited CD63 expression 20 min after addition of PMA or HDM. The inhibitory effects of GCs were not altered by the nuclear GC receptor (GCR) antagonist RU486 (10(-5) M) or the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (10(-4) M) (P < 0·05). CORT coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA-CORT) mimicked the rapid inhibitory effects of CORT, suggesting the involvement of mGCRs. mGCRs were detectable on the plasma membrane of resting basophils and formed nanoclusters following treatment with PMA or HDM. Pretreatment of cells with BSA-CORT inhibited the expression of mGCRs and nanoclustering of ganglioside GM1 in lipid rafts. The study provides evidence that non-genomic mechanisms are involved in the rapid inhibitory effect of GCs on the formation of lipid raft nanoclusters, through binding to mGCRs on the plasma membrane of activated basophils.
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Ishizuka T, Nakamura M, Ichiba M, Fujita S, Takeuchi K, Fujimoto T, Sano A. Different clinical phenotypes in siblings with a presenilin-1 P264L mutation. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2012; 33:132-40. [PMID: 22572737 DOI: 10.1159/000338394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the presenilin-1 gene (PSEN1) have been identified in autosomal dominant early-onset cases of Alzheimer's disease (AD). AIMS To investigate different clinical phenotypes of siblings possessing the same heterozygous P264L mutation in the PSEN1 gene. METHODS We evaluated clinical features, neuroimaging results, and neuropsychological examinations. The PSEN1 gene and other dementia-related gene mutations were screened. RESULTS We clinically diagnosed the proband as atypical AD with frontotemporal dementia features and diagnosed the elder brother of the proband as typical AD, based on neuropsychological symptoms and a brain imaging examination including amyloid imaging data. A heterozygous P264L mutation in the PSEN1 gene was identified in both siblings. CONCLUSION This study is one of few reports of AD siblings possessing the same mutation but exhibiting different clinical phenotypes in a Japanese family possessing a P264L mutation in the PSEN1 gene. The current results suggest that unknown modifiers, including both genetic and epigenetic factors, may alter the pathological and clinical phenotypes of a genetically predetermined disease.
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Matsumoto T, Takebayashi J, Ishimi Y, Ozawa C, Sano A, Hirota T, Endoh K. Evaluation of cyanocobalamin in multivitamin tablets and their Standard Reference Material 3280 by HPLC with visible detection. J AOAC Int 2012; 95:1609-13. [PMID: 23451375 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.11-417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As a part of the development of an alternative to microbiological assay for vitamin B12, we performed a quantitative analysis of cyanocobalamin (CN-cbl) in a National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Material (SRM 3280) by HPLC. Using this method, the observed value (4.64 microg/g) of CN-cbl in SRM 3280 was found to be in good agreement with the certified value (4.80 microg/g). The accuracy was over 95%, with a corresponding measurement precision value of 5%. To evaluate the applicability of the method on commercial multivitamin tablets, the method was applied to a variety of these samples. The present method has a good accuracy and precision to evaluate CN-cbl with respect to all of the examined tablets.
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Sano A, Kanomata M, Inoue H, Sugiura N, Xu KQ, Inamori Y. Extraction of raw sewage sludge containing iron phosphate for phosphorus recovery. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 89:1243-1247. [PMID: 22921653 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to establish an alkali extraction technology for FePO(4)-containing sewage sludge obtained from a wastewater treatment system that includes phosphorous removal by iron electrolysis. By clarifying the extraction properties of phosphorous, organic matter, and inorganic matter, conditions for alkali extraction were optimized. As a result, it was suggested that unheated phosphorous extraction would be superior for FePO(4)-containing sewage sludge. And, extraction methods and sewage sludge properties were also compared, and the noteworthy result that extraction of metals can be suppressed to extremely low amounts with alkali extraction as compared with acid extraction was obtained. A new insight was also gained that, as compared with the use of incinerated ash reported in previous studies, alkali extraction was more efficient when raw sewage sludge was used.
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Sangatsuda Y, Nakamura M, Tomiyasu A, Deguchi A, Toyota Y, Goto YI, Nishino I, Ueno SI, Sano A. Heteroplasmic m.1624C>T mutation of the mitochondrial tRNA(Val) gene in a proband and his mother with repeated consciousness disturbances. Mitochondrion 2012; 12:617-22. [PMID: 23063709 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Homoplasmic m.1624C>T mutation of the mitochondrial tRNA(Val) gene was previously demonstrated to cause fatal neonatal Leigh syndrome. Here, we report the clinical phenotypes of a Japanese male and his mother with heteroplasmic m.1624C>T mutation. The 36-year-old male presented with repeated episodes of consciousness disturbance since the age of 25, cognitive decline, and personality change. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of lactate and pyruvate were elevated. His mother showed similar symptoms and course. The mutation m.1624C>T was identified heteroplasmically in the proband's muscle and leukocytes and in the mother's leukocytes. The heteroplasmy load decreased with age.
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Murakawa T, Konoeda C, Ito T, Inoue Y, Sano A, Nagayama K, Nakajima J. The ground glass opacity component can be eliminated from the T-factor assessment of lung adenocarcinoma. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2012; 43:925-32. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezs467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Nakamura T, Akao T, Sano A, Fukai Y, Horikoshi H, Akiyoshi T, Oya S, Takeuchi K, Saito H, Nogawa H. 389. Portal Venous Thromboses in Post-hepatectomy Patients - Successful Thrombolyses in Consecutive Two Cases. Eur J Surg Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2012.06.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Deguchi A, Nakamura M, Hayashi T, Sano A. Quetiapine-induced frequent premature ventricular contraction. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2012; 34:211.e1-3. [PMID: 22245024 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A 17-year-old female diagnosed with bipolar II disorder was treated for emotional lability with quetiapine. Two-lead electrocardiography revealed frequent monomorphic premature ventricular contraction (PVC) during an electroencephalography examination. Twenty-four-hour Holter electrocardiography revealed 0.6% uniform frequent PVCs and indicated that the readministration and second-time withdrawal of quetiapine markedly increased (7.1%) and decreased the frequency of PVC (1.1%), respectively. This case indicates that quetiapine can cause PVC as a serious side effect.
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Hayashi T, Kishida M, Nishizawa Y, Iijima M, Koriyama C, Nakamura M, Sano A, Kishida S. Subcellular localization and putative role of VPS13A/chorein in dopaminergic neuronal cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 419:511-6. [PMID: 22366033 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) is a rare hereditary neurodegenerative disorder caused by loss of function mutations in the vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog A (VPS13A) gene encoding chorein. Although a deficiency in chorein function leads to apoptosis of striatal neurons in ChAc model mouse, its detailed subcellular localization and physiological role remain unclear. In this study, we produced two anti-chorein polyclonal antibodies and examined the intracellular localization of endogenous chorein in neuronal cells. Immunocytochemically, chorein was observed in the termini of extended neurites and partially colocalized with synaptotagmin I in differentiated PC12 cells. Subcellular localization analysis by sucrose density gradient fractionation showed that chorein and synaptotagmin I were located in dense-core vesicles (DCVs), which contain dopamine. In addition, PC12 cells stably expressing carboxyterminal fragment of chorein increased K(+)-induced dopamine release. Taken together, these results suggest that chorein is involved in exocytosis of DCV.
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Reyes J, Seerup J, Sano A, Hawkins D, Gorospe G, Mbogo W, Choe T. A “Road Map” to Create a Standardized, Defect Free Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Schedule Utilizing Lean Methodology – A3 Thinking. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2011.12.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Murayama S, Ishizuka F, Takagi K, Inoda H, Sano A, Santa T, Kato M. Small Mesh Size Hydrogel for Functional Photocontrol of Encapsulated Enzymes and Small Probe Molecules. Anal Chem 2012; 84:1374-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac2023603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sano A, Senga A, Yamazaki H, Inoue H, Xu KQ, Inamori Y. Application of vibration milling for advanced wastewater treatment and excess sludge reduction. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2012; 65:142-148. [PMID: 22173418 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2011.840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
As a new sludge reduction technology with a phosphorus removal mechanism, a vibration milling technology that uses iron balls have been applied to the wastewater treatment process. Three anaerobic-aerobic cyclic activated sludge processes: one without sludge disintegration; one disintegrated sludge by ozonation; and the other disintegrated sludge with the vibrating ball mill were compared. Ozonation achieved the best sludge reduction performance, but milling had the best phosphorus removal. This is because iron was mixed into the wastewater treatment tank due to abrasion of the iron balls, leading to settling of iron phosphates. Thus, the simple means of using iron balls as the medium in a vibrating ball mill can achieve both a sludge reduction of half and excellent phosphorus removal. Material balances in the processes were calculated and it was found that carbon components in disintegrated sludge were more resistant to biological treatment than nitrogen.
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Ishizuka T, Nakamura M, Ichiba M, Sano A. Familial semantic dementia with P301L mutation in the Tau gene. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2011; 31:334-40. [PMID: 21555888 DOI: 10.1159/000328412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Semantic dementia (SD) is a clinical subclassification of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Patients with 'pure SD' present with semantic memory impairment preceding the frontal symptoms, and there have been no reports of familial cases. METHODS We evaluated the clinical features of, and performed neuropsychological examinations on, the proband and two affected family members. Then we performed neuroimaging and genetic analysis of MAPT and other dementia-related genes in the proband. RESULTS All three cases had semantic memory impairment with loss of word meanings as the primary early symptom. We diagnosed all cases as pure SD and identified a P301L mutation in the MAPT gene of the proband. CONCLUSION Although the P301L mutation identified here has been previously described as pathogenic for frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17 (FTDP-17), the proband and his two affected relatives showed different clinical symptoms from those of typical FTDP-17 cases who carry the P301L mutation. Pathologically, pure SD usually shows a TAR DNA-binding protein proteinopathy, but the molecular understanding of SD is not well established. Although our cases were clinically pure SD, the proband has a tau gene mutation, which would lead to tauopathy. These findings suggest that reconsideration of the molecular understanding of SD is warranted.
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Takata A, Kato M, Nakamura M, Yoshikawa T, Kanba S, Sano A, Kato T. Exome sequencing identifies a novel missense variant in RRM2B associated with autosomal recessive progressive external ophthalmoplegia. Genome Biol 2011; 12:R92. [PMID: 21951382 PMCID: PMC3308055 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2011-12-9-r92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole-exome sequencing using next-generation technologies has been previously demonstrated to be able to detect rare disease-causing variants. Progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO) is an inherited mitochondrial disease that follows either autosomal dominant or recessive forms of inheritance (adPEO or arPEO). AdPEO is a genetically heterogeneous disease and several genes, including POLG1 and C10orf2/Twinkle, have been identified as responsible genes. On the other hand, POLG1 was the only established gene causing arPEO with mitochondrial DNA deletions. We previously reported a case of PEO with unidentified genetic etiology. The patient was born of a first-cousin marriage. Therefore, the recessive form of inheritance was suspected. RESULTS To identify the disease-causing variant in this patient, we subjected the patient's DNA to whole-exome sequencing and narrowed down the candidate variants using public data and runs of homozygosity analysis. A total of 35 novel, putatively functional variants were detected in the homozygous segments. When we sorted these variants by the conservation score, a novel missense variant in RRM2B, whose heterozygous rare variant had been known to cause adPEO, was ranked at the top. The list of novel, putatively functional variants did not contain any other variant in genes encoding mitochondrial proteins registered in MitoCarta. CONCLUSIONS Exome sequencing efficiently and effectively identified a novel, homozygous missense variant in RRM2B, which was strongly suggested to be causative for arPEO. The findings in this study indicate arPEO to be a genetically heterogeneous disorder, as is the case for adPEO.
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Mori S, Nakamura M, Yasuda T, Ueno SI, Kaneko S, Sano A. Remapping and mutation analysis of benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy in a Japanese pedigree. J Hum Genet 2011; 56:742-7. [PMID: 21850007 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2011.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy (BAFME), alternatively named familial adult myoclonic epilepsy 1/familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy 1 (FAME1/FCMTE1), is a hereditary epileptic syndrome characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance, adult-onset tremulous hand movement, myoclonus, infrequent epileptic seizure and non-progressive course without cerebellar ataxia and dementia. We previously reported evidence for linkage of BAFME to the region between D8S1784 and D8S1694 on chromosome 8q. Subsequently, other research groups reported mapping of the same clinical syndrome to different chromosomal loci, 2p and 5p, in Italian (FAME2/FCMTE2) and French (FAME3/FCMTE3) families, respectively. In this study, we performed a genome-wide linkage analysis using 10K single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays and additional microsatellite markers to reconfirm the BAFME-linked region. The BAFME-linked region was mapped to 7.16 Mb spanned by rs1898287 and rs2891799 on chromosomes 8q23.3-8q24.13 with a maximum two-point logarithm of odds score of 6.0 for the marker rs1021897. Sequence analysis and copy-number variant analysis of all 38 genes localized in the candidate region were performed, but no pathogenic mutation was identified. We conclude that the etiology of BAFME remains to be solved, and further genetic studies, which may require analysis in non-coding regions of a gene, introns or intergenic spacer regions, are necessary to reveal its unknown mutations.
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Sano A. [Pharmacogenetics focused on special phenotypes]. NIHON SHINKEI SEISHIN YAKURIGAKU ZASSHI = JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 31:163-165. [PMID: 21941850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that the patients with autosomal recessive juvenile Parkinsonism (ARJP), which is caused by the loss of function mutation in the Parkin gene, often show psychiatric symptoms such as depression, paranoia, psychosis, panic attacks, anorexia nervosa or suicide attempts. The recently established syndrome, dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS), is also frequently observed in the patients with ARJP. These facts might indicate that immature personality, which leads to reactive depression, anxiety, or suicide attempt, and vulnerability of reward system in ARJP, which leads to DDS, are due to loss of function of the Parkin gene product. The present status of molecular genetic studies on other special adverse effects of psychotropic medicines such as hyperammonemia due to valproate and malignant syndrome by antipsychotics was additionally reported.
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Tomiyasu A, Nakamura M, Ichiba M, Ueno S, Saiki S, Morimoto M, Kobal J, Kageyama Y, Inui T, Wakabayashi K, Yamada T, Kanemori Y, Jung HH, Tanaka H, Orimo S, Afawi Z, Blatt I, Aasly J, Ujike H, Babovic-Vuksanovic D, Josephs KA, Tohge R, Rodrigues GR, Dupré N, Yamada H, Yokochi F, Kotschet K, Takei T, Rudzińska M, Szczudlik A, Penco S, Fujiwara M, Tojo K, Sano A. Novel pathogenic mutations and copy number variations in the VPS13A gene in patients with chorea-acanthocytosis. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2011; 156B:620-31. [PMID: 21598378 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.31206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused by loss of function mutations in the vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog A (VPS13A) gene that encodes chorein. It is characterized by adult-onset chorea, peripheral acanthocytes, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. In the present study, we performed a comprehensive mutation screen, including sequencing and copy number variation (CNV) analysis, of the VPS13A gene in ChAc patients. All 73 exons and flanking regions of VPS13A were sequenced in 35 patients diagnosed with ChAc. To detect CNVs, we also performed real-time quantitative PCR and long-range PCR analyses for the VPS13A gene on patients in whom only a single heterozygous mutation was detected. We identified 36 pathogenic mutations, 20 of which were previously unreported, including two novel CNVs. In addition, we investigated the expression of chorein in 16 patients by Western blotting of erythrocyte ghosts. This demonstrated the complete absence of chorein in patients with pathogenic mutations. This comprehensive screen provides an accurate and useful method for the molecular diagnosis of ChAc.
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Xue B, Chen J, Gao H, Saito S, Kobayashi N, Shimokawa T, Nabeka H, Sano A, Matsuda S. Chronological changes in prosaposin in the developing rat brain. Neurosci Res 2011; 71:22-34. [PMID: 21684311 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Revised: 05/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Prosaposin is the precursor protein of four glycoproteins, saposins A, B, C, and D, which activate sphingolipid hydrolases in lysosomes. Besides this role, intact prosaposin is also known as a potent neurotrophic factor that prevents neuronal cell death and stimulates neurite outgrowth in in vivo and in vitro experiments. In the present study, we examined chronological changes in prosaposin immunoreactivity in the rat brain using immunofluorescence staining and Diaminobenzidine (DAB) immunohistochemistry. In the hippocampal regions CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus, the strongest staining of prosaposin was observed on postnatal day 1. The prosaposin immunoreactivity then decreased gradually until postnatal day 28. But in the cerebral cortex, prosaposin staining intensity increased from postnatal day 1 to 14, then decreased until postnatal day 28. The prosaposin immunoreactivity co-localized with the lysosomal granules labeled by an anti-Cathepsin D antibody, indicating that prosaposin mainly localized in the lysosomes of the neurons. We also examined the chronological changes in prosaposin mRNA and its two alternatively spliced variants using in situ hybridization. We found that both the mRNA forms, especially the one without a nine-base insertion, increased significantly from embryonic day 15 to postnatal day 7, then decreased gradually until postnatal day 28. Abundant prosaposin expression in the perinatal stages indicates a potential role of prosaposin in the early development of the rat brain.
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Sano A, Takeuchi E, Fukami T, Murakawa T, Nakajima J. Erosion bleeding as a late complication of chest wall reconstruction with a Dacron mesh silicone prosthesis. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011; 60:170-1. [PMID: 21442584 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1250771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A 71-year-old man who had undergone chest wall resection and reconstruction with a Dacron mesh silicone prosthesis for chondrosarcoma 23 years previously presented with a chest wall hematoma. Since the hematoma was found to increase in size over time, we performed an operation to achieve hemostasis. Operative findings showed that the prosthesis had separated into three sheets.
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Shingubara S, Fujiki K, Sano A, Sakaue H, Horiike Y. Electromigration Characteristics of Cu and Al Interconnections. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-338-441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTElectromigration activation energies (Ea) of Al and Cu interconnections are strongly dependent on the grain boundary morphology, and it is pointed out that Ea of bamboo-like Al interconnection is not less than Ea of small grain Cu interconnections. Small resistance oscillatory changes caused by electromigration, which are classified into three categories; oscillation, downward spikes, and upward spikes, are investigated in detail. It seems most likely that oscillations correspond to annihilation and formation of the one void. It is also pointed out that downward spikes are local, while upward spikes are non-local. Dislocation dynamics such as generation, rapid transport and subsequent annihilation are considered to be origins of spikes.
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