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Mittra A, Wong J, Kelly K, Gonzalez S, Song K, Simpson G, Coffin R, Fong Y. A Third-Generation Herpes Virus Is Effective against Gastroesophageal Cancer. J Surg Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Simpson G, Sulem C, Sulem PL. Arrest of Langmuir wave collapse by quantum effects. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2009; 80:056405. [PMID: 20365081 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.80.056405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The arrest of Langmuir wave collapse by quantum effects, first addressed by Haas and Shukla [Phys. Rev. E 79, 066402 (2009)] using a Rayleigh-Ritz trial function method is revisited, using rigorous estimates and systematic asymptotic expansions. The absence of blow up for the so-called quantum Zakharov equations is proved in two and three dimensions, whatever the strength of the quantum effects. The time-periodic behavior of the solution for initial conditions slightly in excess of the singularity threshold for the classical problem is established for various settings in two space dimensions. The difficulty of developing a consistent perturbative approach in three dimensions is also discussed and a semiphenomenological model is suggested for this case.
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Gaudefroy L, Daugas JM, Hass M, Grévy S, Stodel C, Thomas JC, Perrot L, Girod M, Rossé B, Angélique JC, Balabanski DL, Fiori E, Force C, Georgiev G, Kameda D, Kumar V, Lozeva RL, Matea I, Méot V, Morel P, Singh BSN, Nowacki F, Simpson G. Shell Erosion and Shape Coexistence in (16)43S27. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:092501. [PMID: 19392514 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.092501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2008] [Revised: 12/17/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on the g-factor measurement of the first isomeric state in (16)43S27 [Ex=320.5(5) keV, T1/2=415(5) ns, and g=0.317(4)]. The 7/2- spin-parity of the isomer and the intruder nature of the ground state of the nucleus are experimentally established for the first time, providing direct and unambiguous evidence of the collapse of the N=28 shell closure in neutron-rich nuclei. The shell model, beyond the mean-field and semiempirical calculations, provides a very consistent description of this nucleus showing that a well deformed prolate and quasispherical states coexist at low energy.
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Higgins B, Hubert S, Simpson G, Stone C, Bowman S. Characterization of 155 EST-derived microsatellites from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and validation for linkage mapping. Mol Ecol Resour 2009; 9:733-7. [PMID: 21564732 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02475.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Microsatellite markers for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) were identified from a collection of 30 630 expressed sequence tags. Primers were designed for 395 microsatellites and 155 were successfully amplified. Allele number varied from 1 to 26 (average 6.34). Average observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.50 and 0.54, respectively. A subset of 105 microsatellites tested for Mendelian segregation showed no significant distortion of segregation when correcting for multiple tests. Null alleles were detected at four loci. Significant blastx matches were found for 23 loci. These microsatellites will be used to create a linkage map to enhance genetic selection in commercial cod breeding.
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Heinemann L, Simpson G, Harrington K, Melcher A, Coffey M, Pandha H. 308 POSTER Synergistic anti-tumour activity of oncolytic Reovirus and cisplatin in a B16.F10 mouse melanoma model. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)72242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Han ZQ, Assenberg M, Liu BL, Wang YB, Simpson G, Thomas S, Coffin RS. Development of a second-generation oncolytic Herpes simplex virus expressing TNFalpha for cancer therapy. J Gene Med 2007; 9:99-106. [PMID: 17256802 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) therapy is a promising anti-cancer treatment when combined with radiotherapy due to its potent radio sensitising effects, but systemic toxicity has limited its clinical use. Previously, non-replicative adenovirus vectors have been used to deliver TNFalpha directly to the tumour, including under the control of a radiation sensitive promoter. Here, we have used an ICP34.5 deleted, oncolytic herpes simplex virus (HSV) for delivery to increase expression levels and spread through the tumour, and the use of the US11 true late HSV promoter to limit expression to where the virus replicates, i.e. selectively in tumour tissue. METHODS TNFalpha expression under the CMV or US11 promoter was compared on cell lines CT26, BHK and Fadu. To further compare the activities of the promoters, expression of human TNFalpha was analysed in the presence and absence of acyclovir--an inhibitor of viral DNA replication and on HSV/ICP34.5- non-permissive cell line 3T6. The in vivo efficacy and toxicity of TNFalpha viruses were compared using A20 double flank tumour model in Balb/C mice and Fadu tumour model in nude mice. RESULTS The results demonstrated that the US11 promoter significantly reduced and delayed TNFalpha expression as compared to use of the CMV promoter, especially in non-permissive cells or in the presence of acyclovir. Despite the reduced and more selective expression levels, US11 driven TNFalpha showed improved anti-tumour effects compared to CMV driven TNFalpha, and without the toxic side effects. CONCLUSIONS This approach is therefore beneficial in increasing localised TNFalpha expression as compared to the use of non-replicative approaches, and combines the effects of TNFalpha with oncolytic virus replication which is expected to further enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy in a combined treatment approach.
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Abstract
Medical thoracoscopy is not widely available in Australia. A medical thoracoscopy service has been set up in a regional hospital using no specialized equipment and at minimal cost. Of the first 100 procedures carried out, 89 were for investigation of pleural effusion, 6 for pneumothorax and 6 for empyema. Of the 89 pleural effusions, 73 were diagnosed as malignant (43 carcinoma, 24 mesothelioma, 3 lymphoma, 2 melanoma and 1 sarcoma). The sensitivity for a malignant diagnosis was 94.5%, with 100% specificity. Four patients had unsuspected tuberculous effusions. Pleurodesis was carried out with instillation of dry sterile talc in 67 cases. In 92.5% of these, no further drainage procedure was needed. There was one fatality caused by pre-existing sepsis in a debilitated patient with disseminated carcinoma. Medical thoracoscopy is a simple, safe and cost-effective technique for diagnosing and treating pleural effusions and provides a useful service in the setting of a regional hospital.
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Coffin RS, Liu B, Han Z, Assenberg M, Thomas S, Hu J, Simpson G. OncoVEX: A family of oncolytic herpes simplex viruses optimised for therapeutic use. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.13139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
13139 HSV in which ICP34.5 is deleted directs tumour selective cell lysis and has proven safe in Phase I clinical trials. To produce oncolytic HSV with enhanced anti-tumour properties, we have deleted ICP34.5 from a clinical isolate of HSV-1, which enhances the tumour cell killing capabilities of the virus, deleted ICP47 (which blocks antigen presentation), and inserted the gene encoding GM-CSF. This aimed to maximize anti-tumour immune responses following intra-tumoural injection and provide an in situ, patient-specific, anti-tumour vaccine, combined with oncolysis. In vivo, both injected and non-injected tumours could be cured and animals were then protected against tumour cell challenge. A Phase I clinical trial with the virus (OncoVEXGM-CSF) has been conducted including patients with cutaneous or sub-cutaneous deposits of a number of tumour types (Lead Investigator: Professor Charles Coombes, Hammersmith Hospital, London). This demonstrated the virus to have a good safety profile, the main side effects being ‘flu-like symptoms, similar to those which have previously been observed with other oncolytic products. Virus replication and GM-CSF expression was demonstrated together with inflammation, flattening and necrosis of injected lesions which was in some cases considerable and which was also in some cases observed in lesions which had not themselves been injected. In all cases where necrosis was observed in biopsies, this correlated with areas of staining for HSV, suggesting the virus had caused the effect. Following this promising data, Phase II studies are underway in multiple tumour types. In addition to OncoVEXGM-CSF, further versions of OncoVEX expressing other active genes have been constructed and tested in pre-clinical models. These include a virus expressing TNF∝, intended to be synergistic with radiotherapy, and versions of the virus expressing a pro-drug activating gene combined with the delivery of a fusogenic glycoprotein designed to maximize the properties of the virus for local tumour control. Each of these have shown promising results in pre-clinical tumour models, including in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy where benefits which are at least additive have been demonstrated. [Table: see text]
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Coffin RS, Liu B, Han Z, Simpson G, Hu J, Coombes C. OncoVEX: A family of oncolytic herpes simplex viruses optimised for therapeutic use. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.2601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Hu JC, Hallden G, Shorrock C, Simpson G, Coffin R, Kamalati T, Coombes C. Combination of a second generation genetically modified herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) with paclitaxel in the treatment of breast cancer in vitro. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Radford T, Simpson G. BCG vaccination in Australia. Aust Prescr 2004. [DOI: 10.18773/austprescr.2004.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Simpson G, Konstantinos A. Therapeutic drug monitoring of anti-tuberculous drugs. Intern Med J 2004; 34:72-3. [PMID: 14748921 DOI: 10.1111/j.1444-0903.2004.00528.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Log T, Simpson G, Hanssen HK, Robinson M, Hubble J, Parsons SA. Scale and corrosion control with combined dolomite/calcite filter. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2004; 49:137-144. [PMID: 14982174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Water quality is a major operational issue for boiler operation and control. If the water is hard scale control is required and if it is soft then corrosion control is an issue. Here a two stream boiler test rig has been used to test the effect a fixed bed filter has on the scaling and corrosion properties of both hard and soft waters. The filter effectively controlled the pH, hardness and alkalinity of both waters leading to significant decreases in scale formation and effective control of corrosion.
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Simpson G, Roomes D, Reeves B. Successful treatment of empyema thoracis with human recombinant deoxyribonuclease. Thorax 2003; 58:365-6. [PMID: 12668806 PMCID: PMC1746626 DOI: 10.1136/thorax.58.4.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Fibrinolytic enzymes, particularly streptokinase, are now widely used to treat empyema thoracis. Recent in vitro evidence suggests that streptokinase has no effect on pus viscosity but that deoxyribonuclease (DNase) reduces the viscosity of pus. We report the first use of human recombinant DNase given intrapleurally to treat an empyema which had not resolved after standard treatment with streptokinase.
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Simpson G. Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the twenty-first century. Intern Med J 2002; 32:362; author reply 362-3. [PMID: 12088361 DOI: 10.1046/j.1445-5994.2002.00245.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Simpson G, Horne R, Weiden P, Pigott T, Bari M, Romano S. Ziprasidone vs olanzapine in schizophrenia: a double-blind trial. Eur Psychiatry 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(02)80459-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Weiden P, Simpson G, Potkin S, Romano S. Therapeutic response in stable outpatients switched to ziprasidone. Eur Psychiatry 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(02)80454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Currier G, Gharabawi G, Morein J, Simpson G. Risperidone oral solution versus haloperidol injection. Eur Psychiatry 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(02)80746-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Simpson G, Strongman DB. Carrion Insects on Pig Carcasses at a Rural and an Urban Site in Nova Scotia. CANADIAN SOCIETY OF FORENSIC SCIENCE JOURNAL 2002. [DOI: 10.1080/00085030.2002.10757541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Simpson G, Tate R, Ferry K, Hodgkinson A, Blaszczynski A. Social, neuroradiologic, medical, and neuropsychologic correlates of sexually aberrant behavior after traumatic brain injury: a controlled study. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2001; 16:556-72. [PMID: 11732971 DOI: 10.1097/00001199-200112000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify social, neuroradiological, medical, and neuropsychological correlates of sexually aberrant behavior (SAB) after traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN A controlled study using a retrospective file review. SETTING A brain injury unit providing inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation services. PARTICIPANTS A sample of males (n = 25) exhibiting SABs and a control group (n = 25) matched for gender, severity of injury, age at injury, and time after injury. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A protocol that recorded data on demographic, injury, radiological, medical, and neuropsychological variables. RESULTS The SAB group had a significantly higher incidence of postinjury psychosocial disturbance in areas of nonsexual crime and failure to return to work than the matched TBI group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of premorbid psychosocial disturbance or postinjury radiological, medical, or neuropsychological variables. CONCLUSIONS The study results caution against simplistic explanations of SAB as the product of damage to the frontal-lobe systems or premorbid psychosocial disturbance. Furthermore, the results suggest that a wide-ranging assessment of people with TBI who exhibit SABs is required, because results of neuropsychological examination alone cannot be considered conclusive. Future research into the etiology of SABs could examine additional factors such as lack of insight, lack of empathy, and premorbid history of family dysfunction.
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Simpson G, Roomes D, Humphrey MD. Anaphylactoid reactions associated with menstruation affecting two sisters. Med J Aust 2001; 175:415-7. [PMID: 11700834 DOI: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2001.tb143647.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cyclical anaphylactoid reactions associated with menstruation are exceedingly rare. We report two sisters who were both affected, one severely and one mildly. Treatment involved suppression of menstruation and use of a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. An abnormal reaction to prostaglandins, perhaps produced by COX-2 enzyme activity in the endometrium, is a possible mechanism.
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Mazziotta J, Toga A, Evans A, Fox P, Lancaster J, Zilles K, Woods R, Paus T, Simpson G, Pike B, Holmes C, Collins L, Thompson P, MacDonald D, Iacoboni M, Schormann T, Amunts K, Palomero-Gallagher N, Geyer S, Parsons L, Narr K, Kabani N, Le Goualher G, Feidler J, Smith K, Boomsma D, Hulshoff Pol H, Cannon T, Kawashima R, Mazoyer B. A four-dimensional probabilistic atlas of the human brain. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2001; 8:401-30. [PMID: 11522763 PMCID: PMC131040 DOI: 10.1136/jamia.2001.0080401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2001] [Accepted: 05/01/2001] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors describe the development of a four-dimensional atlas and reference system that includes both macroscopic and microscopic information on structure and function of the human brain in persons between the ages of 18 and 90 years. Given the presumed large but previously unquantified degree of structural and functional variance among normal persons in the human population, the basis for this atlas and reference system is probabilistic. Through the efforts of the International Consortium for Brain Mapping (ICBM), 7,000 subjects will be included in the initial phase of database and atlas development. For each subject, detailed demographic, clinical, behavioral, and imaging information is being collected. In addition, 5,800 subjects will contribute DNA for the purpose of determining genotype- phenotype-behavioral correlations. The process of developing the strategies, algorithms, data collection methods, validation approaches, database structures, and distribution of results is described in this report. Examples of applications of the approach are described for the normal brain in both adults and children as well as in patients with schizophrenia. This project should provide new insights into the relationship between microscopic and macroscopic structure and function in the human brain and should have important implications in basic neuroscience, clinical diagnostics, and cerebral disorders.
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Mazziotta J, Toga A, Evans A, Fox P, Lancaster J, Zilles K, Woods R, Paus T, Simpson G, Pike B, Holmes C, Collins L, Thompson P, MacDonald D, Iacoboni M, Schormann T, Amunts K, Palomero-Gallagher N, Geyer S, Parsons L, Narr K, Kabani N, Le Goualher G, Boomsma D, Cannon T, Kawashima R, Mazoyer B. A probabilistic atlas and reference system for the human brain: International Consortium for Brain Mapping (ICBM). Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2001; 356:1293-322. [PMID: 11545704 PMCID: PMC1088516 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2001.0915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1635] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivated by the vast amount of information that is rapidly accumulating about the human brain in digital form, we embarked upon a program in 1992 to develop a four-dimensional probabilistic atlas and reference system for the human brain. Through an International Consortium for Brain Mapping (ICBM) a dataset is being collected that includes 7000 subjects between the ages of eighteen and ninety years and including 342 mono- and dizygotic twins. Data on each subject includes detailed demographic, clinical, behavioural and imaging information. DNA has been collected for genotyping from 5800 subjects. A component of the programme uses post-mortem tissue to determine the probabilistic distribution of microscopic cyto- and chemoarchitectural regions in the human brain. This, combined with macroscopic information about structure and function derived from subjects in vivo, provides the first large scale opportunity to gain meaningful insights into the concordance or discordance in micro- and macroscopic structure and function. The philosophy, strategy, algorithm development, data acquisition techniques and validation methods are described in this report along with database structures. Examples of results are described for the normal adult human brain as well as examples in patients with Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. The ability to quantify the variance of the human brain as a function of age in a large population of subjects for whom data is also available about their genetic composition and behaviour will allow for the first assessment of cerebral genotype-phenotype-behavioural correlations in humans to take place in a population this large. This approach and its application should provide new insights and opportunities for investigators interested in basic neuroscience, clinical diagnostics and the evaluation of neuropsychiatric disorders in patients.
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