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Cheng HM, Khairullah NS. Induction of antiphospholipid autoantibody during cytomegalovirus infection. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 25:1493-4. [PMID: 9431416 DOI: 10.1086/517010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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Cheng HM. Antiphospholipid antibodies, annexin V, and pregnancy loss. N Engl J Med 1997; 337:1630-1. [PMID: 9411225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Yang CY, Cheng CC, Chou CW, Cheng HM. Primary hyperparathyroidism with cardiac abnormalities: a case report. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL; FREE CHINA ED 1997; 60:277-82. [PMID: 9509684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Primary hyperparathyroidism, characterized by hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) leading to hypercalcemia and relative hypophosphatemia, is quite common in the elderly. Most patients with primary hyperparathyroidism have only mild hypercalcemia and are symptomless. But others experience various other organ diseases. Primary hyperparathyroidism is also associated with cardiovascular abnormalities, including QT interval shortening, heart block, cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial calcification and, though rarely, with valvular heart disease. We described a case of primary hyperparathyroidism associated with cardiac abnormalities. An 82-year-old male presented with the complaints of chest discomfort, fatigue, general weakness, nausea and vomiting over a period of months and was admitted in July 1996. Physical examination with heart auscultation showed a pansystolic murmur over the right sternal border and apex region, and a blowing diastolic murmur over the left sternal border. Biochemistry profiles revealed elevations of serum calcium (14.3 mg/dl) and chloride/phosphate ratio (> 33). Endocrinological studies showed elevations of serum PTH-C (4.8 ng/ml) and PTH-intact (705 pg/ml) concentrations. Kidney ultrasonography revealed a left renal stone. A spine X-ray revealed spondylosis and a compression fracture of the lumbar-spine with osteoporotic change. Thyroid ultrasonography and Thallium (Tl201)-technetium (Tc99m) subtraction scan showed parathyroid adenoma in the low pole of the right thyroid bed. Parathyroid aspiration cytology revealed few and discrete cells. Echocardiogram revealed moderate to severe aortic valvular calcification as well as stenosis with moderate aortic regurgitation, mitral regurgitation and myocardial calcification. The patient received parathyroidectomy one month later. During his postoperative days, he suffered from muscle twitching with positive Trousseau's sign and Chvostek's sign. The patient received calcium carbonate and vitamin D for hypocalcemia, diltiazem and capoten for his heart problems. A repeated echocardiogram two months after surgery showed no improvement of valvular calcification.
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Johnson SM, Cheng HM, Pineda R, Netland PA. Magnetic resonance imaging of cyclodialysis clefts. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1997; 235:468-71. [PMID: 9248845 DOI: 10.1007/bf00947068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our purpose was to determine whether cyclodialysis clefts can be imaged with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS Surgical cyclodialysis clefts extending approximately 3 clock hours were created in four New Zealand white rabbits. Eyes were scanned with an ocular MRI coil. Images obtained after intravenous gadolinium, topical godalinium, and gadolinium injected into the cleft were compared to images obtained without contrast. Two human eyes were also scanned for cyclodialysis clefts with MRI. RESULTS Direct injection of gadolinium into the suprachoroid space yielded definitive localization and delineation of the cyclodialysis cleft. Cyclodialysis clefts could also be imaged following enhancement with topical or intravenous gadolinium. Without contrast medium, the clefts could not be clearly identified in rabbits. In a patient with hypotony and choroidal effusion following cataract surgery, a cyclodialysis cleft and enhancement of the suprachoroidal space were found with intravenous administration of gadolinium. MRI from a patient with a trabeculo-suprachoroidal shunt also demonstrated gadolinium enhancement of the suprachoroidal space. CONCLUSION Cyclodialysis clefts can be imaged using gadolinium-enhanced MRI in rabbits and humans.
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Wang TF, Hwang SJ, Lee EY, Tsai YT, Lin HC, Li CP, Cheng HM, Liu HJ, Wang SS, Lee SD. Gall-bladder wall thickening in patients with liver cirrhosis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1997; 12:445-9. [PMID: 9195402 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.1997.tb00464.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Gall-bladder wall thickening is commonly seen in patients with cirrhosis, but its exact causes have not been well established. We evaluated clinical, biochemical and haemodynamic data of patients with cirrhosis with respect to the presence of thickening of the gall-bladder wall. After excluding patients who presented with gallstones, acute or chronic cholecystitis, heart failure, a serum creatinine level greater than 2 mg/dL and/or a serum alanine aminotransferase level greater than 400 U/L, 77 patients with cirrhosis (75 male, two female; mean age 58 +/- 8 years) were enrolled in the study. Clinical, biochemical, ultrasound and haemodynamic data were obtained in every patient. Forty-one (53%) of 77 patients with cirrhosis had gall-bladder wall thickening (> 4 mm). Compared with patients with a normal gall-bladder wall, patients with gall-bladder wall thickening had significantly lower serum albumin levels (3.6 +/- 0.6 vs 2.9 +/- 0.7 gm/dL, respectively; P < 0.05), a longer prothrombin time (13 +/- 6 vs 16 +/- 6 s, respectively; P < 0.05), more patients with Child-Pugh class C (6 vs 37%, respectively; P < 0.05) and more patients with ascites (8 vs 50%, respectively; P < 0.05). In addition, compared with patients with a normal gall-bladder wall, those patients with gall-bladder wall thickening had a higher hepatic venous pressure gradient (13.9 +/- 4.5 vs 17.1 +/- 4.1 mmHg, respectively; P < 0.01) and a lower systemic vascular resistance (SVR; 1144 +/- 332 vs 1010 +/- 318 dyn.s/cm5, respectively; P < 0.05). Using a multivariate analysis, the presence of ascites and SVR lower than 900 dyn.s/cm5 were independently correlated with the presence of gall-bladder wall thickening, while a hepatic vein pressure gradient greater than 10 mmHg had only a marginally significant association. The presence of ascites, decreased SVR and portal hypertension are related to the occurrence of gall-bladder wall thickening in patients with cirrhosis, indicating that the development of gall-bladder wall thickening may be multifactorial.
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Cheng HM. Heparin, beta2-glycoprotein I, and thrombocytopenia. THE JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE 1997; 129:266-7. [PMID: 9016866 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2143(97)90150-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Cheng HM, Hu C. T cell help and antiphospholipid antibody immunogenesis. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1997; 40:196-7. [PMID: 9008622 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780400132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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60
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Cheng HM. Apoptotic antigens, B2-glycoprotein I, and antiphospholipid autoantibodies. Blood 1996; 88:4396. [PMID: 8943878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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Cheng HM. Physiologic apoptosis, beta 2-glycoprotein I, and antiphospholipid autoantibodies. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996; 175:1393. [PMID: 8942527 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9378(96)70067-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Cheng HM. Lipoproteins, anticardiolipin autoantibodies and artherosclerosis. J Intern Med 1996; 240:44-5. [PMID: 8708593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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63
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Cheng HM. Immunogenicity of oxidised low-density lipoprotein and atherosclerosis. S Afr Med J 1996; 86:698-9. [PMID: 8764436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Cheng HM. Tween 20 selectively enhances naturally occurring anticardiolipin antibody binding in ELISA procedures. J Immunol Methods 1996; 191:87-91. [PMID: 8642205 DOI: 10.1016/0022-1759(96)00016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Cheng HM, Yap CG. Natural beta 2-glycoprotein I-independent anticardiolipin autoantibodies are not age-related. Stroke 1996; 27:1007-8. [PMID: 8623092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Weber AL, Rodriguez-DeVelasquez A, Lucarelli MJ, Cheng HM. Normal anatomy and lesions of the lacrimal sac and duct: evaluated by dacryocystography, computed tomography, and MR imaging. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 1996; 6:199-217. [PMID: 8919141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Diseases of the lacrimal system are optimally evaluated by dacryocystography, CT, MR imaging, and nuclear scintigraphy. Dacryocystography is selected to define the lumen of the lacrimal drainage system in inflammatory disease (dacryocystitis), dacryoceles, dacryoliths, and developmental abnormalities. Dacryocystography provides supplemental information in benign and malignant tumors, principally to differentiate an intrinsic lesion from an extrinsic lesion. CT is indicated for delineation of palpable mass lesions such as cysts, benign and malignant tumors, and diseases, especially in the paranasal sinuses, affecting the lacrimal apparatus secondarily. MR imaging has limited application but is useful to differentiate fluid from solid masses within the sac and to define tumor extension from the sac into the duct and anatomic regions outside the sac and duct. MR imaging with gadolinium enhancement should be used in suspected tumors and to separate a cyst from a solid mass. Radiologic methods fail to identify the histopathology of benign and malignant tumors. Nuclear scintigraphy is helpful in patients with epiphora with no demonstrable anatomic abnormality on dacryocystography.
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Cheng HM, Cheng FY, Xiong H, Xiong J. The further metabolism of sorbitol-3-phosphate and fructose-3-phosphate in the mature rat lens. Ophthalmic Res 1996; 28:57-63. [PMID: 8726678 DOI: 10.1159/000267874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Glucose and phosphorus metabolism in mature (8-month-old) rat lenses were examined with NMR spectroscopy. Nondiabetic mature lenses contained sorbitol-3-phosphate (S3P) and fructose-3-phosphate (F3P) which were absent from young (1- to 2-month-old) normal rat lenses. The concentrations of these two phosphates can be changed through (1) diabetes induction with streptozotocin - this results in a dramatic increase in both compounds; and (2) oral dosing with a drug known to prevent sorbitol production - both metabolites disappeared. When normal mature lenses were incubated in 35.5 mM 13C1-glucose, both 13C1-lactate and 13C3-lactate were produced. Preservation of the 13C label at C1 is likely through the formation of 13C1-S3P and -F3P, which were then split through an aldolase-like mechanism into two 3-carbon compounds, one an unlabeled glycerol and the other 13C1-alpha-glycerophosphate (from S3P) and 13C1-dihydroxyacetone phosphate (from F3P). These reactions can contribute to the increase in alpha-glycerophosphate observed in both the streptozotocin-induced diabetic lenses and lenses incubated in high glucose.
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Cheng HM, Xiong J, Hirose S, Igarashi H, Hirose T. Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of sugar metabolism in the human infant lens. Ophthalmic Res 1996; 28 Suppl 2:5-10. [PMID: 8883083 DOI: 10.1159/000267949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigated sugar metabolism in lenses isolated from infants with stage-5 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The lenses were incubated in 13C-labeled glucose (35.5 mM) or galactose (30 mM) for 24 h at 37.5 degrees C. Six to 8 lenses were pooled for each experiment. 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was then performed on perchloric acid extracts of these lenses. Active aldose metabolism was indicated by the production of lactate. However, neither sorbitol nor dulcitol was detected. On the other hand, an experimental aldose reductase inhibitor, sorbinil, caused a decrease in the hexose monophosphate shunt activity suggesting an active polyol pathway. Both polyols therefore appeared to have been metabolized further. In addition, galactose metabolism was unique in that it not only involved a galactose-->glucose epimerization, but also a direct galactose-->ribose conversion, and a production of galactose-3-phosphate. Although it is possible that the ROP lenses have adapted to oxidative stress during the postnatal high-oxygen incubation for premature infants, we believe the observed sugar metabolism is representative of the developing human lens.
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Cheng HM. Functional specificity of anticoagulant autoantibodies defined by protein cofactors and Tween 20. Am J Hematol 1995; 50:224-5. [PMID: 7485088 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.2830500315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Cheng HM. Complement activation and tissue factor expression on the feto-placental allograft. Thromb Haemost 1995; 74:1204. [PMID: 8560441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Cheng HM, Cheng FY, Tanaka GH, Xiong J, Pfleiderer B. Manipulating rat lens glucose metabolism with exogenous substrates. Exp Eye Res 1995; 61:479-86. [PMID: 8549689 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-4835(05)80143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic lens glucose metabolism in vivo can be altered by a number of exogenous substrates. We have chosen two, one a glucose epimer (mannose) and the other a glycolytic intermediate (pyruvate), to demonstrate the possibility of this approach. D(+)-Mannose is a D(+)-glucose epimer but in lenses incubated in 35.5 mM mannose, no mannitol (the sorbitol equivalent) was detected, while both lactate production and 31P profile appeared normal. Mannose therefore is a good glucose substitute causing no polyol formation. Mannose metabolism in the rat lens in vivo was then examined. Diabetic rats fed mannose-enriched diet over a period of 14 days showed retardation of changes in 31P metabolites, specifically the levels of phosphorylcholine and glycerophosphorylcholine, suggesting a protective effect. Rat lenses incubated in 35.5 mM glucose in the presence of 5 mM pyruvate (pyr) showed 50% lower sorbitol than without pyr. With 5 mM pyr in the drinking water, i.e. pretreatment in vivo during a 3-day diabetes induction period, the diabetic rat lens accumulated acetate and alanine when incubated in the presence of pyr. The decrease in sorbitol was most likely due to a lower glucose flux rather than an increased polyol dehydrogenase activity. Increasing glucose concentration from 5.5 to 35.5 mM or provision of exogenous pyr both caused an intermediate increase in O2 consumption in the normal lens; a maximal activity was reached with both 35.5 mM glucose and 5 mM pyruvate in the incubating medium. In the diabetic lens, O2 consumption could reach the intermediate but not the maximal level. Dietary pyr pre-treatment also prevented normal and diabetic lenses from maximal pyr-stimulated O2 consumption. The NMR and O2 consumption data together indicated activation of alanine dehydrogenase and saturation of Krebs cycle. It appears that dietary supplement of mannose can preserve 31P membrane metabolites in the diabetic lens. Mannose can be used in conjunction with hypoglycemic therapy for the management of diabetic cataract. In addition, pyruvate may be effective in enhancing lens energy metabolism and lower sorbitol production.
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Cheng HM, Hu C. Presence of IgG antiphospholipid autoantibody in nude mice. J Rheumatol 1995; 22:2006-7. [PMID: 8992011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Igarashi H, Kojima M, Igarashi S, Yoshida A, Cheng HM. A simple and effective video keratometric system. ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 1995; 73:336-9. [PMID: 8646580 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0420.1995.tb00038.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We tested a personal computer-based video keratometric system used to analyze projected placido disk rings. The system consists of a Maloney surgical keratometer that projects the rings and a video camera attached to an operating microscope. Images of the rings were transmitted to a video image processing board and analyzed on a personal computer using an analysis program we developed. System precision was evaluated in 18 eyes. The values were compared with those obtained using a commercial photokeratometer (control). In all eyes, the principal meridian values differed from the controls by < 0.04 mm. In 15 eyes (83%), the measurements were within 0.03 mm of the controls. The corneal astigmatism values and cylindrical axes were within 0.12 diopters in 17 eyes (94%) and within 5 degrees in all cases, respectively. Our system, which can analyze placido disc rings projected from other systems, is sufficiently precise to measure the corneal radius of curvature and astigmatism.
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Chiu NT, Cheng HM, Yao WJ. Tc-99m sestamibi scanning in the preoperative localization of mediastinal parathyroid adenomas. Ann Nucl Med 1995; 9:157-9. [PMID: 8534591 DOI: 10.1007/bf03165045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We report on two patients with mediastinal parathyroid adenomas who underwent preoperative Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy. Excellent physical characteristics of technetium and slow washout of Tc-99m sestamibi made possible clear delineation of mediastinal parathyroid adenomas by Tc-99m sestamibi imaging.
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Tedeschi R, Foong YT, Cheng HM, dePaoli P, Lehtinen T, Elfborg T, Dillner J. The disease associations of the antibody response against the Epstein-Barr virus transactivator protein ZEBRA can be separated into different epitopes. J Gen Virol 1995; 76 ( Pt 6):1393-400. [PMID: 7540196 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-76-6-1393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The BamHI-Z-encoded Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) replication activator (ZEBRA) is a key mediator of the switch from latency to productive cycle in EBV virus. Antibodies against ZEBRA are a marker of EBV reactivation and are regularly found among patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) or nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but are only rarely found among healthy EBV-seropositive donors. In order to define the serologically reactive epitopes in the ZEBRA protein, we synthesized a set of overlapping peptides and tested them for reactivity with serum samples from EBV-seronegative persons, patients with NPC, IM, chronic fatigue syndrome, lymphoma or from healthy donors. Three major EBV-specific epitopes were found. These epitopes were further defined and optimized using substitution or truncation analogues of the peptides. Reactivity with epitope number 22 was found in 63% of NPC patients' sera, with < 2% of healthy donors' sera being positive. Serological reactivity with epitope number 19 was associated with IM (57% positive, 5% healthy donors positive). Serum antibodies against epitope 1 were found among healthy donors, but were significantly elevated among patients with NPC, IM or lymphomas. In conclusion, different serologically reactive epitopes in the ZEBRA protein associate with different EBV-associated diseases.
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