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Barakat A, Williams KM, Prevost AT, Kinmonth AL, Wareham NJ, Griffin SJ, Simmons RK. Changes in physical activity and modelled cardiovascular risk following diagnosis of diabetes: 1-year results from the ADDITION-Cambridge trial cohort. Diabet Med 2013; 30:233-8. [PMID: 22913463 PMCID: PMC3814417 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03765.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To describe change in physical activity over 1 year and associations with change in cardiovascular disease risk factors in a population with screen-detected Type 2 diabetes. METHODS Eight hundred and sixty-seven individuals with screen-detected diabetes underwent measurement of self-reported physical activity, cardiovascular disease risk factors and modelled cardiovascular disease risk at baseline and 1 year (n = 736) in the ADDITION-Cambridge trial. Multiple linear regression was used to quantify the association between change in different physical activity domains and cardiovascular disease risk factors at 1 year. RESULTS There was no change in self-reported physical activity over 12 months. Even relatively large changes in physical activity were associated with relatively small changes in cardiovascular disease risk factors after allowing for changes in self-reported medication and diet. For every 30 metabolic equivalent-h increase in recreational activity (equivalent to 10 h/brisk walking/week), there was an average reduction of 0.1% in HbA(1c) in men (95% CI -0.15 to -0.01, P = 0.021) and an average reduction of 2 mmHg in systolic blood pressure in women (95% CI -4.0 to -0.05, P = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS Few associations were observed between change in different physical activity domains and cardiovascular disease risk factors in this trial cohort. Cardiovascular disease risk reduction appeared to be driven largely by factors other than changes in self-reported physical activity in the first year following diagnosis.
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Mizuk R, Asner DM, Bondar A, Pedlar TK, Adachi I, Aihara H, Arinstein K, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Aziz T, Bakich AM, Bay A, Belous K, Bhardwaj V, Bhuyan B, Bischofberger M, Bonvicini G, Bozek A, Bračko M, Brodzicka J, Browder TE, Chekelian V, Chen A, Chen P, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Chistov R, Cho IS, Cho K, Choi SK, Choi Y, Dalseno J, Danilov M, Doležal Z, Drásal Z, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Epifanov D, Fast JE, Gaur V, Gabyshev N, Garmash A, Golob B, Haba J, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Horii Y, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hsiung YB, Hyun HJ, Iijima T, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwabuchi M, Iwasaki Y, Iwashita T, Jaegle I, Julius T, Kang JH, Kapusta P, Kawasaki T, Kim HJ, Kim HO, Kim JH, Kim KT, Kim MJ, Kim YJ, Kinoshita K, Ko BR, Koblitz S, Kodyš P, Korpar S, Kouzes RT, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kuhr T, Kumita T, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Lee SH, Li J, Libby J, Liu C, Liu Y, Liu ZQ, Liventsev D, Louvot R, Matvienko D, McOnie S, Miyabayashi K, Miyata H, Mohanty GB, Mohapatra D, Moll A, Muramatsu N, Mussa R, Nakao M, Natkaniec Z, Ng C, Nishida S, Nishimura K, Nitoh O, Nozaki T, Ohshima T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Onuki Y, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Park CW, Park H, Pestotnik R, Petrič M, Piilonen LE, Poluektov A, Röhrken M, Sakai Y, Sandilya S, Santel D, Sanuki T, Sato Y, Schneider O, Schwanda C, Senyo K, Seon O, Sevior ME, Shapkin M, Shen CP, Shibata TA, Shiu JG, Shwartz B, Sibidanov A, Simon F, Smerkol P, Sohn YS, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Stanič S, Starič M, Sumihama M, Sumiyoshi T, Tanida K, Tatishvili G, Teramoto Y, Tikhomirov I, Trabelsi K, Tsuboyama T, Uchida M, Uehara S, Uglov T, Unno Y, Uno S, Vanhoefer P, Varner G, Varvell KE, Vinokurova A, Vorobyev V, Wang CH, Wang MZ, Wang P, Wang XL, Watanabe M, Watanabe Y, Williams KM, Won E, Yabsley BD, Yamaoka J, Yamashita Y, Yuan CZ, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V. Evidence for the η(b)(2S) and observation of h(b)(1P)→η(b)(1S)γ and h(b)(2P)→η(b)(1S)γ. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:232002. [PMID: 23368184 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.232002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the first evidence for the η(b)(2S) using the h(b)(2P)→η(b)(2S)γ transition and the first observation of the h(b)(1P)→η(b)(1S)γ and h(b)(2P)→η(b)(1S)γ transitions. The mass and width of the η(b)(1S) and η(b)(2S) are measured to be m(η(b)(1S))=(9402.4±1.5±1.8) MeV/c(2), m(η(b)(2S))=(9999.0±3.5(-1.9)(+2.8)) MeV/c(2), and Γ(η(b)(1S))=(10.8(-3.7-2.0)(+4.0+4.5)) MeV. We also update the h(b)(1P) and h(b)(2P) mass measurements. We use a 133.4 fb(-1) data sample collected at energies near the Υ(5S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider.
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Fassil H, Bassim CW, Mays J, Edwards D, Baird K, Steinberg SM, Williams KM, Cowen EW, Mitchell SA, Hakim FT, Taylor T, Avila D, Zhang D, Grkovic L, Datiles M, Gress RE, Pavletic SZ. Oral chronic graft-vs.-host disease characterization using the NIH scale. J Dent Res 2012; 91:45S-51S. [PMID: 22699667 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512450881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic graft-vs.-host disease (cGVHD) is a complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). Oral cGVHD is manifested by mucosal, salivary, and/or sclerotic changes that have been linked to pain and poor quality of life. Our aim was to describe the demographic, clinical, and laboratory markers of oral cGVHD in alloHSCT patients (N = 187) enrolled in a cGVHD cross-sectional study at the NIH (#NCT00331968). We propose a meaningful and reproducible measure of disease defined by a cut-off point reflecting clinical minimally detectable change (0-2 = no oral cGVHD, 3-15 = oral cGVHD) on the 15-point NIH cGVHD clinician assessment scale. Forty-four patients had oral cGVHD. Oral cGVHD was associated with a quiescent or de novo type of cGVHD onset (p = 0.05), higher cGVHD severity (p = 0.033), lower albumin (p = 0.0008), higher total complement (p = 0.012), greater bother from foods or oral ulcers and greater mouth pain, and sensitivity (p < 0.0001). Multivariable logistic regression modeling with albumin, mouth pain, and total complement was 74.3% predictive of oral cGVHD and 80.2% predictive of non-oral cGVHD. We propose the use of >2 points on the NIH scale as a reproducible definition of clinically significant oral cGVHD, which may be useful in clinical settings or as eligibility criterion or as an endpoint in clinical trials.
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Duong JK, Roberts DM, Furlong TJ, Kumar SS, Greenfield JR, Kirkpatrick CM, Graham GG, Williams KM, Day RO. Metformin therapy in patients with chronic kidney disease. Diabetes Obes Metab 2012; 14:963-5. [PMID: 22564555 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2012.01617.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metformin therapy is limited in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to the potential risk of lactic acidosis. This open-label observational study investigated metformin and lactate concentrations in patients with CKD (n = 22; creatinine clearances 15-40 ml/min) and in two dialysed patients. Patients were prescribed a range of metformin doses (250-2000 mg daily) and metformin concentrations were compared with data from healthy subjects (scaled to 1500 mg twice daily). A subset of patients (n = 7) was controlled on low doses of metformin (250 or 500 mg daily). No correlation between metformin and lactate concentrations was observed. Three patients had high lactate concentrations (>2.7 mmol/l) and two had high metformin concentrations (3-5 mg/l), but none had any symptoms of lactic acidosis. Reducing metformin dosage and monitoring metformin concentrations will allow the safe use of metformin in CKD, provided that renal function is stable.
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MESH Headings
- Acidosis, Lactic/blood
- Acidosis, Lactic/chemically induced
- Acidosis, Lactic/etiology
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Female
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage
- Hypoglycemic Agents/adverse effects
- Lactic Acid/blood
- Male
- Metformin/administration & dosage
- Metformin/adverse effects
- Middle Aged
- Renal Dialysis
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/blood
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy
- Risk Factors
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Liu ZQ, Shen CP, Yuan CZ, Iijima T, Adachi I, Aihara H, Asner DM, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Bakich AM, Belous K, Bhardwaj V, Bhuyan B, Bischofberger M, Bondar A, Bozek A, Bračko M, Browder TE, Chang MC, Chang P, Chen A, Chen P, Cheon BG, Chistov R, Cho IS, Cho K, Choi SK, Choi Y, Dalseno J, Doležal Z, Drásal Z, Eidelman S, Epifanov D, Fast JE, Gaur V, Gabyshev N, Garmash A, Goh YM, Haba J, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Horii Y, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hsiung YB, Hyun HJ, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwabuchi M, Iwasaki Y, Iwashita T, Julius T, Kang JH, Kawasaki T, Kiesling C, Kim HJ, Kim HO, Kim JB, Kim KT, Kim MJ, Kim YJ, Ko BR, Koblitz S, Kodyš P, Korpar S, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kumita T, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Lee SH, Li J, Li XR, Li Y, Libby J, Liu C, Liventsev D, Louvot R, Matvienko D, McOnie S, Miyabayashi K, Miyata H, Miyazaki Y, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Moll A, Mori T, Muramatsu N, Mussa R, Nagasaka Y, Nakano E, Nakao M, Nakazawa H, Ng C, Nishida S, Nishimura K, Nitoh O, Nozaki T, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Onuki Y, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Park CW, Park HK, Pedlar TK, Pestotnik R, Petrič M, Piilonen LE, Ritter M, Röhrken M, Ryu S, Sahoo H, Sakai K, Sakai Y, Sanuki T, Sato Y, Schneider O, Schwanda C, Seidl R, Senyo K, Sevior ME, Shapkin M, Shebalin V, Shibata TA, Shiu JG, Shwartz B, Sibidanov A, Simon F, Smerkol P, Sohn YS, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Stanič S, Starič M, Sumiyoshi T, Tatishvili G, Teramoto Y, Uchida M, Uehara S, Uglov T, Unno Y, Uno S, Urquijo P, Varner G, Vinokurova A, Vorobyev V, Wang CH, Wang P, Wang XL, Watanabe M, Watanabe Y, Williams KM, Won E, Yamashita Y, Yusa Y, Zhang CC, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V, Zhulanov V. Observation of new resonant structures in γγ → ωϕ, ϕϕ, and ωω. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:232001. [PMID: 23003948 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.232001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The processes γγ → ωϕ, ϕϕ, and ωω are measured using an 870 fb(-1) data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+ e- collider. Production of vector meson pairs is clearly observed and their cross sections are measured for masses that range from threshold to 4.0 GeV. In addition to signals from well established spin-zero and spin-two charmonium states, there are resonant structures below charmonium threshold, which have not been previously observed. We report a spin-parity analysis for the new structures and determine the products of the η(c), χ(c0), and χ(c2) two-photon decay widths and branching fractions to ωϕ, ϕϕ, and ωω.
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Li J, Adachi I, Aihara H, Arinstein K, Asner DM, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Bakich AM, Bhardwaj V, Bhuyan B, Bischofberger M, Bondar A, Bozek A, Bračko M, Brovchenko O, Browder TE, Chang MC, Chen A, Chen P, Cheon BG, Chistov R, Cho K, Choi SK, Choi Y, Dalseno J, Doležal Z, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Esen S, Fast JE, Gaur V, Garmash A, Goh YM, Haba J, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Horii Y, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hsiung YB, Hyun HJ, Iijima T, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwabuchi M, Iwasaki Y, Iwashita T, Julius T, Kang JH, Kapusta P, Katayama N, Kawasaki T, Kim HJ, Kim HO, Kim JB, Kim KT, Kim MJ, Kim YJ, Kinoshita K, Ko BR, Kobayashi N, Kodyš P, Korpar S, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kuhr T, Kumar R, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Lee MJ, Lee SH, Li Y, Libby J, Liu C, Liu Y, Liu ZQ, Liventsev D, Louvot R, Matvienko D, McOnie S, Miyazaki Y, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Moll A, Mori T, Muramatsu N, Nakamura I, Nakano E, Nakao M, Nakazawa H, Natkaniec Z, Nishida S, Nishimura K, Nitoh O, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Ostrowicz W, Pakhlova G, Park CW, Park HK, Park KS, Pedlar TK, Peng T, Pestotnik R, Petrič M, Piilonen LE, Prim M, Röhrken M, Ryu S, Sahoo H, Sakai K, Sakai Y, Sanuki T, Sato Y, Schneider O, Schwanda C, Schwartz AJ, Senyo K, Seon O, Sevior ME, Shapkin M, Shebalin V, Shen CP, Shibata TA, Shiu JG, Simon F, Smerkol P, Sohn YS, Sokolov A, Stanič S, Starič M, Sumihama M, Sumiyoshi T, Tanaka S, Tatishvili G, Teramoto Y, Trabelsi K, Uchida M, Uehara S, Unno Y, Uno S, Urquijo P, Usov Y, Varner G, Varvell KE, Vorobyev V, Vossen A, Wang CH, Wang P, Watanabe M, Watanabe Y, Wicht J, Williams KM, Won E, Yamashita Y, Yuan CZ, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V, Zupanc A. First observation of B(s)(0) → J/ψη and B(s)(0) → J/ψη'. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:181808. [PMID: 22681063 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.181808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report first observations of B(s)(0) → J/ψη and B(s)(0) → J/ψη'. The results are obtained from 121.4 fb(-1) of data collected at the Υ(5S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+ e- collider. We obtain the branching fractions B(B(s)(0) → J/ψη)=[5.10±0.50(stat)±0.25(syst)(-0.79)(+1.14)(N(B(s)(*) B(s)(*))]×10(-4), and B(B(s)(0) → J/ψη')=[3.71±0.61(stat)±0.18(syst)(-0.57)(+0.83)(N(B(s)(*) B(s)(*))]×10(-4). The ratio of the two branching fractions is measured to be (B(B(s) → J/ψη'))/(B(B(s) → J/ψη))=0.73±0.14(stat)±0.02(syst).
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Adachi I, Aihara H, Asner DM, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Aziz T, Bakich AM, Bay A, Bhardwaj V, Bhuyan B, Bischofberger M, Bondar A, Bozek A, Bračko M, Browder TE, Chen P, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Chistov R, Cho K, Choi SK, Choi Y, Dalseno J, Danilov M, Doležal Z, Drásal Z, Eidelman S, Epifanov D, Fast JE, Gaur V, Gabyshev N, Garmash A, Goh YM, Golob B, Haba J, Hara K, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Higuchi T, Horii Y, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hsiung YB, Hyun HJ, Iijima T, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwabuchi M, Iwasaki Y, Iwashita T, Julius T, Kapusta P, Katayama N, Kawasaki T, Kichimi H, Kiesling C, Kim HJ, Kim HO, Kim JB, Kim JH, Kim KT, Kim YJ, Kinoshita K, Ko BR, Koblitz S, Kodyš P, Korpar S, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kuhr T, Kumar R, Kumita T, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Lee SH, Li J, Li Y, Liu C, Liu Y, Liu ZQ, Liventsev D, Louvot R, Matvienko D, McOnie S, Miyabayashi K, Miyata H, Miyazaki Y, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Mori T, Muramatsu N, Nakano E, Nakao M, Nakazawa H, Neubauer S, Nishida S, Nishimura K, Nitoh O, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Onuki Y, Ozaki H, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Park HK, Park KS, Pedlar TK, Pestotnik R, Petrič M, Piilonen LE, Poluektov A, Röhrken M, Rozanska M, Sahoo H, Sakai K, Sakai Y, Sanuki T, Sato Y, Schneider O, Schwanda C, Schwartz AJ, Senyo K, Shebalin V, Shen CP, Shibata TA, Shiu JG, Shwartz B, Sibidanov A, Simon F, Singh JB, Smerkol P, Sohn YS, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Stanič S, Starič M, Sumihama M, Sumisawa K, Sumiyoshi T, Tanaka S, Tatishvili G, Teramoto Y, Tikhomirov I, Trabelsi K, Tsuboyama T, Uchida M, Uehara S, Uglov T, Unno Y, Uno S, Ushiroda Y, Vahsen SE, Varner G, Varvell KE, Vinokurova A, Vorobyev V, Wang CH, Wang MZ, Wang P, Watanabe M, Watanabe Y, Williams KM, Won E, Yabsley BD, Yamamoto H, Yamashita Y, Yamauchi M, Yusa Y, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V, Zupanc A, Zyukova O. Precise measurement of the CP violation parameter sin2φ1 in B0→(cc¯)K0 decays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:171802. [PMID: 22680852 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.171802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a precise measurement of the CP violation parameter sin2φ1 and the direct CP violation parameter A(f) using the final data sample of 772×10(6) BB[over ¯] pairs collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. One neutral B meson is reconstructed in a J/ψK(S)(0), ψ(2S)K(S)(0), χ(c1)K(S)(0), or J/ψK(L)(0) CP eigenstate and its flavor is identified from the decay products of the accompanying B meson. From the distribution of proper-time intervals between the two B decays, we obtain the following CP violation parameters: sin2φ1=0.667±0.023(stat)±0.012(syst) and A(f)=0.006±0.016(stat)±0.012(syst).
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Bondar A, Garmash A, Mizuk R, Santel D, Kinoshita K, Adachi I, Aihara H, Arinstein K, Asner DM, Aushev T, Aziz T, Bakich AM, Barberio E, Belous K, Bhardwaj V, Bischofberger M, Bozek A, Bračko M, Browder TE, Chang MC, Chang P, Chen A, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Chistov R, Cho IS, Cho K, Choi SK, Choi Y, Dalseno J, Danilov M, Doležal Z, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Epifanov D, Fast JE, Gaur V, Gabyshev N, Goh YM, Golob B, Haba J, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hoshi Y, Hyun HJ, Iijima T, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Iwabuchi M, Iwasaki Y, Iwashita T, Julius T, Kang JH, Kawasaki T, Kichimi H, Kiesling C, Kim JB, Kim JH, Kim KT, Kim MJ, Kim YJ, Ko BR, Kobayashi N, Koblitz S, Kodyš P, Korpar S, Križan P, Kuhr T, Kumar R, Kumita T, Kuzmin A, Lange JS, Lee SH, Li J, Li Y, Libby J, Liu C, Liu ZQ, Liventsev D, Louvot R, Matvienko D, McOnie S, Miyata H, Miyazaki Y, Mohanty GB, Moll A, Muramatsu N, Mussa R, Nakao M, Natkaniec Z, Neubauer S, Niiyama M, Nishida S, Nishimura K, Nitoh O, Nozaki T, Olsen SL, Onuki Y, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Park H, Park HK, Pedlar TK, Petrič M, Piilonen LE, Poluektov A, Prim M, Ritter M, Röhrken M, Ryu S, Sahoo H, Sakai Y, Santel D, Sanuki T, Schneider O, Schwanda C, Senyo K, Sevior ME, Shapkin M, Shebalin V, Shibata TA, Shiu JG, Shwartz B, Simon F, Smerkol P, Sohn YS, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Starič M, Sumihama M, Sumiyoshi T, Tanaka S, Tatishvili G, Teramoto Y, Tikhomirov I, Uchida M, Uehara S, Uglov T, Ushiroda Y, Vahsen SE, Varner G, Vinokurova A, Wang CH, Wang MZ, Wang P, Wang XL, Watanabe Y, Williams KM, Won E, Yabsley BD, Yamashita Y, Yamauchi M, Yuan CZ, Yusa Y, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V, Zhulanov V, Zupanc A, Zyukova O. Observation of two charged bottomoniumlike resonances in Υ(5S) decays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:122001. [PMID: 22540572 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.122001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of two narrow structures in the mass spectra of the π(±)Υ(nS) (n=1, 2, 3) and π(±)h(b)(mP) (m=1, 2) pairs that are produced in association with a single charged pion in Υ(5S) decays. The measured masses and widths of the two structures averaged over the five final states are M(1)=(10,607.2±2.0) MeV/c2, Γ(1)=(18.4±2.4) MeV, and M(2)=(10,652.2±1.5) MeV/c2, Γ(2)=(11.5±2.2) MeV. The results are obtained with a 121.4 fb(-1) data sample collected with the Belle detector in the vicinity of the Υ(5S) resonance at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+ e- collider.
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Starič M, Aihara H, Arinstein K, Asner DM, Aushev T, Bakich AM, Bay A, Bhardwaj V, Bhuyan B, Bozek A, Bračko M, Browder TE, Chen A, Chen P, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Chistov R, Cho IS, Cho K, Choi Y, Doležal Z, Drásal Z, Eidelman S, Fast JE, Gaur V, Gabyshev N, Golob B, Haba J, Hayasaka K, Horii Y, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hsiung YB, Iijima T, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwabuchi M, Iwasaki Y, Iwashita T, Julius T, Kang JH, Kawasaki T, Kiesling C, Kim HJ, Kim HO, Kim JB, Kim KT, Kim MJ, Kim YJ, Kinoshita K, Ko BR, Kobayashi N, Koblitz S, Kodyš P, Korpar S, Križan P, Kumita T, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Lee SH, Li J, Li Y, Libby J, Liu C, Liu ZQ, Louvot R, McOnie S, Miyabayashi K, Miyata H, Miyazaki Y, Mohanty GB, Nakano E, Natkaniec Z, Nishida S, Nitoh O, Nozaki T, Ohshima T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Pakhlova G, Park HK, Park KS, Pestotnik R, Petrič M, Piilonen LE, Röhrken M, Ryu S, Sahoo H, Sakai K, Sakai Y, Sanuki T, Schneider O, Schwanda C, Schwartz AJ, Seon O, Sevior ME, Shebalin V, Shen CP, Shibata TA, Shiu JG, Shwartz B, Simon F, Smerkol P, Sohn YS, Sokolov A, Stanič S, Sumihama M, Sumisawa K, Tatishvili G, Teramoto Y, Trabelsi K, Uchida M, Uehara S, Uglov T, Unno Y, Uno S, Urquijo P, Varner G, Vossen A, Wang CH, Wang MZ, Watanabe M, Watanabe Y, Williams KM, Won E, Yabsley BD, Yamashita Y, Yuan CZ, Zhang CC, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V, Zhulanov V, Zupanc A. Search for CP violation in D± meson decays to ϕπ±. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:071801. [PMID: 22401192 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.071801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We search for CP violation in Cabibbo-suppressed charged D meson decays by measuring the difference between the CP-violating asymmetries for the Cabibbo-suppressed decays D(±)→K(+)K(-)π(±) and the Cabibbo-favored decays D(s)(±)→K(+)K(-)π(±) in the K(+)K(-) mass region of the ϕ resonance. Using 955 fb(-1) of data collected with the Belle detector, we obtain A(CP)(D+→ϕπ+)=(+0.51±0.28±0.05)%. The measurement improves the sensitivity of previous searches by more than a factor of 5. We find no evidence for direct CP violation.
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Hoi CT, Chang P, Aihara H, Asner DM, Aushev T, Bakich AM, Belous K, Bhardwaj V, Bhuyan B, Bischofberger M, Bondar A, Bozek A, Bračko M, Browder TE, Chang MC, Chao Y, Chen A, Chen KF, Chen P, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Cho K, Choi Y, Danilov M, Drásal Z, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Fast JE, Gaur V, Gabyshev N, Goh YM, Golob B, Haba J, Hayasaka K, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hsiung YB, Hyun HJ, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Iwabuchi M, Iwasaki Y, Iwashita T, Kang JH, Kawasaki T, Kim HJ, Kim HO, Kim JB, Kim JH, Kim KT, Kim MJ, Kinoshita K, Ko BR, Kobayashi N, Kodyš P, Korpar S, Križan P, Kuhr T, Kumita T, Kwon YJ, Lee SH, Li J, Libby J, Liu ZQ, Louvot R, Matvienko D, McOnie S, Miyabayashi K, Miyata H, Mohanty GB, Moll A, Nakano E, Nakao M, Neubauer S, Nishida S, Nishimura K, Nitoh O, Ohshima T, Okuno S, Park CW, Park HK, Pedlar TK, Pestotnik R, Petrič M, Piilonen LE, Ritter M, Röhrken M, Sahoo H, Sakai Y, Sanuki T, Schneider O, Schwanda C, Schwartz AJ, Senyo K, Sevior ME, Shapkin M, Shebalin V, Shen CP, Shibata TA, Shiu JG, Simon F, Smerkol P, Sohn YS, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Starič M, Sumihama M, Tanaka S, Tatishvili G, Teramoto Y, Trabelsi K, Uchida M, Uglov T, Unno Y, Uno S, Varner G, Wang CH, Wang MZ, Wang P, Watanabe Y, Williams KM, Won E, Yamaoka J, Yamashita Y, Yusa Y, Zhilich V, Zupanc A. Evidence for direct CP violation in B±→ηh± and observation of B0→ηK0. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:031801. [PMID: 22400727 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.031801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of the branching fractions and CP asymmetries for B(±)→ηh(±) (h=K or π) and the observation of the decay B(0)→ηK(0) from the final data sample of 772×10(6) B ̅B pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. The measured branching fractions are B(B(±)→ηK(±))=(2.12±0.23±0.11)×10(-6), B(B(±)→ηπ(±))=(4.07±0.26±0.21)×10(-6), and B(B(0)→ηK(0))=(1.27(-0.29)(+0.33)±0.08)×10(-6), where the last decay is observed for the first time with a significance of 5.4 standard deviations (σ). We also find evidence for CP violation in the charged B modes, A(CP)(B(±)→ηK(±))=-0.38±0.11±0.01 and A(CP)(B(±)→ηπ(±))=-0.19±0.06±0.01 with significances of 3.8 σ and 3.0 σ, respectively. For all measurements, the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.
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Won E, Ko BR, Adachi I, Aihara H, Arinstein K, Asner DM, Aushev T, Bakich AM, Barberio E, Bay A, Bhardwaj V, Bhuyan B, Bischofberger M, Bondar A, Bozek A, Bračko M, Brodzicka J, Browder TE, Chang P, Chen A, Chen P, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Cho IS, Cho K, Choi SK, Choi Y, Dalseno J, Danilov M, Doležal Z, Drásal Z, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Fast JE, Gaur V, Gabyshev N, Garmash A, Goh YM, Golob B, Haba J, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Horii Y, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hsiung YB, Hyun HJ, Iijima T, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwabuchi M, Iwasaki Y, Iwashita T, Joshi NJ, Julius T, Kang JH, Katayama N, Kawasaki T, Kichimi H, Kim HJ, Kim HO, Kim JB, Kim JH, Kim KT, Kim MJ, Kim SK, Kim YJ, Kinoshita K, Kobayashi N, Koblitz S, Kodyš P, Korpar S, Križan P, Kumita T, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Lee MJ, Lee SH, Li J, Li Y, Libby J, Lim CL, Liu C, Liu Y, Liventsev D, Louvot R, McOnie S, Miyabayashi K, Miyata H, Miyazaki Y, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Nagasaka Y, Nakano E, Nakao M, Nakazawa H, Natkaniec Z, Neubauer S, Nishida S, Nishimura K, Nitoh O, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Onuki Y, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Park H, Park HK, Park KS, Pestotnik R, Petrič M, Piilonen LE, Röhrken M, Ryu S, Sahoo H, Sakai K, Sakai Y, Sanuki T, Schneider O, Schwanda C, Schwartz AJ, Senyo K, Seon O, Sevior ME, Shen CP, Shibata TA, Shiu JG, Simon F, Singh JB, Smerkol P, Sohn YS, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Stanič S, Starič M, Sumihama M, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki S, Tatishvili G, Teramoto Y, Trabelsi K, Uchida M, Uehara S, Uglov T, Unno Y, Uno S, Usov Y, Vahsen SE, Varner G, Vinokurova A, Wang CH, Wang MZ, Wang P, Watanabe M, Watanabe Y, Williams KM, Yabsley BD, Yamashita Y, Yamauchi M, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V, Zhulanov V, Zupanc A, Zyukova O. Observation of D+ → K(+)η(') and search for CP violation in D+ → π(+)η(') decays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:221801. [PMID: 22182020 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.221801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report the first observation of the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed decays D(+)→K(+)η((')) using a 791 fb(-1) data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. The ratio of the branching fractions of doubly Cabibbo-suppressed relative to singly Cabibbo-suppressed D(+)→π(+)η((')) decays are B(D(+)→K(+)η)/B(D(+)→π(+)η)=(3.06±0.43±0.14)% and B(D(+)→K(+)η')/B(D(+)→π(+)η')=(3.77±0.39±0.10)%. From these, we find that the relative final-state phase difference between the tree and annihilation amplitudes in D(+) decays, δ(TA), is (72±9)° or (288±9)°. We also report the most precise measurements of CP asymmetries to date: A(CP)(D(+)→π(+)η)=(+1.74±1.13±0.19)% and A(CP)(D(+)→π(+)η')=(-0.12±1.12±0.17)%.
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Grkovic L, Baird K, Steinberg SM, Williams KM, Pulanic D, Cowen EW, Mitchell SA, Hakim FT, Martires KJ, Avila DN, Taylor TN, Salit RB, Rowley SD, Zhang D, Fowler DH, Bishop MR, Gress RE, Pavletic SZ. Clinical laboratory markers of inflammation as determinants of chronic graft-versus-host disease activity and NIH global severity. Leukemia 2011; 26:633-43. [PMID: 22005783 PMCID: PMC3262945 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2011.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) remains a major cause of non-relapse morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Currently there are no accepted measures of cGVHD activity to aid in clinical management and disease staging. We analyzed clinical markers of inflammation in the sera of patients with established cGVHD and correlated those with definitions of disease activity. 189 adults with cGVHD (33% moderate and 66% severe according to NIH global scoring) were consecutively enrolled onto a cross-sectional prospective cGVHD natural history study. At the time of evaluation, 80% were receiving systemic immunosuppression and failed a median of 4 prior systemic therapies (PST) for their cGVHD. Lower albumin (p<0.0001), higher CRP (C-reactive protein; p=0.043), higher platelets (p=0.030) and higher number of PST (p<0.0001) were associated with active disease defined as clinician's intention to intensify or alter systemic therapy due to the lack of response. Higher platelet count (p=0.021) and higher number of PST (p<0.0001) were associated with more severe diseased defined by NIH global score. This study identified common laboratory indicators of inflammation that can serve as markers of cGVHD activity and severity.
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Bhardwaj V, Trabelsi K, Singh JB, Choi SK, Olsen SL, Adachi I, Adamczyk K, Asner DM, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Aziz T, Bakich AM, Barberio E, Belous K, Bhuyan B, Bischofberger M, Bondar A, Bračko M, Brodzicka J, Browder TE, Chen A, Chen P, Cheon BG, Cho K, Choi Y, Dalseno J, Doležal Z, Eidelman S, Epifanov D, Gaur V, Gabyshev N, Golob B, Haba J, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Horii Y, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hsiung YB, Hyun HJ, Iijima T, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Iwabuchi M, Iwasaki Y, Iwashita T, Joshi NJ, Julius T, Kang JH, Kawasaki T, Kiesling C, Kim HO, Kim JB, Kim JH, Kim KT, Kim MJ, Kim SK, Kim YJ, Kinoshita K, Ko BR, Kobayashi N, Korpar S, Križan P, Kumar R, Kumita T, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Lee MJ, Lee SH, Li Y, Libby J, Lim CL, Liventsev D, Louvot R, Matvienko D, McOnie S, Miyabayashi K, Miyata H, Miyazaki Y, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Mussa R, Nakano E, Nakao M, Nakazawa H, Natkaniec Z, Ng C, Nishida S, Nitoh O, Nozaki T, Ohshima T, Okuno S, Onuki Y, Pakhlova G, Park CW, Park HK, Pestotnik R, Petrič M, Piilonen LE, Röhrken M, Sahoo H, Sakai K, Sakai Y, Sanuki T, Schneider O, Schwanda C, Seon O, Shapkin M, Shebalin V, Shibata TA, Shiu JG, Shwartz B, Smerkol P, Sohn YS, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Stanič S, Starič M, Sumiyoshi T, Tatishvili G, Teramoto Y, Uchida M, Uehara S, Uglov T, Unno Y, Uno S, Usov Y, Varner G, Vossen A, Wang XL, Watanabe M, Watanabe Y, Williams KM, Yabsley BD, Yamashita Y, Yuan CZ, Zhang CC, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V, Zhou P, Zhulanov V, Zupanc A. Observation of X(3872)→J/ψγ and search for X(3872)→ψ'γ in B decays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:091803. [PMID: 21929226 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.091803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report a study of B→(J/ψγ)K and B→(ψ'γ)K decay modes using 772×10⁶ B ̅B events collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB energy-asymmetric e(+)e(-) collider. We observe X(3872)→J/ψγ and report the first evidence for χ(c2)→J/ψγ in B→(X_{c ̅cγ)K decays, while in a search for X(3872)→ψ'γ no significant signal is found. We measure the branching fractions, B(B(±)→X(3872)K(±))B(X(3872)→J/ψγ)=(1.78(-0.44)(+0.48)±0.12)×10(-6), B(B(±)→χ(c2)K(±))=(1.11(-0.34)(+0.36)±0.09)×10(-5), B(B(±)→X(3872)K(±))B(X(3872)→ψ'γ)<3.45×10⁶ (upper limit at 90% C.L.), and also provide upper limits for other searches.
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Wang N, Lipworth WL, Ritchie JE, Williams KM, Day RO. Eliciting views of Australian pharmaceutical industry employees on collaboration and the concept of Quality Use of Medicines. Intern Med J 2011; 41:314-20. [PMID: 20403068 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2010.02239.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Li J, Aihara H, Arinstein K, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Aziz T, Bakich AM, Balagura V, Barberio E, Belous K, Bhardwaj V, Bhuyan B, Bozek A, Bračko M, Brovchenko O, Browder TE, Chang P, Chen A, Chen P, Cheon BG, Chiang CC, Chistov R, Cho IS, Cho K, Choi SK, Choi Y, Dalseno J, Doležal Z, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Esen S, Feindt M, Gaur V, Gabyshev N, Garmash A, Golob B, Ha H, Haba J, Hara T, Hayashii H, Horii Y, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hsiung YB, Hyun HJ, Iijima T, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwasaki Y, Iwashita T, Julius T, Kang JH, Kapusta P, Katayama N, Kawasaki T, Kichimi H, Kiesling C, Kim HJ, Kim HO, Kim MJ, Kim SK, Kim YJ, Kinoshita K, Ko BR, Kobayashi N, Korpar S, Križan P, Kuhr T, Kumar R, Kumita T, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Lee MJ, Lee SH, Lim CL, Liu C, Liventsev D, Louvot R, MacNaughton J, Matyja A, McOnie S, Miyabayashi K, Miyata H, Miyazaki Y, Mohanty GB, Moll A, Nakano E, Nakao M, Nakazawa H, Natkaniec Z, Neubauer S, Nishida S, Nishimura K, Nitoh O, Nozaki T, Ohshima T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Park CW, Park H, Park HK, Pestotnik R, Petrič M, Piilonen LE, Poluektov A, Prim M, Prothmann K, Röhrken M, Rozanska M, Ryu S, Sahoo H, Sakai Y, Schneider O, Schwanda C, Schwartz AJ, Seidl R, Senyo K, Sevior ME, Shapkin M, Shebalin V, Shen CP, Shiu JG, Shwartz B, Simon F, Singh JB, Smerkol P, Sohn YS, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Stanič S, Starič M, Stypula J, Sumihama M, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki S, Tanaka S, Teramoto Y, Trabelsi K, Uchida M, Uehara S, Unno Y, Uno S, Ushiroda Y, Usov Y, Vahsen SE, Varner G, Vinokurova A, Vossen A, Wang CH, Wang MZ, Watanabe M, Watanabe Y, Wicht J, Williams KM, Won E, Yabsley BD, Yamashita Y, Zander D, Zhang CC, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V, Zhou P, Zhulanov V, Zupanc A. Observation of B(s)⁰→J/ψf₀(980) and evidence for B(s)⁰→J/ψf₀(1370). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:121802. [PMID: 21517300 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.121802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of B(s)⁰→J/ψf₀(980) and evidence for B(s)⁰→J/ψf₀(1370), which are CP eigenstate decay modes. These results are obtained from 121.4 fb⁻¹ of data collected at the Υ(5S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB e(+)e⁻ collider. We measure the branching fractions B(B(s)⁰→J/ψf₀(980); f₀(980)→π(+)π⁻)=(1.16(-0.19)(+0.31)(stat)(-0.17)(+0.15)(syst)(-0.18)(+0.26)(N(B(s)((*))B(s)((*)))))×10⁻⁴ with a significance of 8.4σ, and B(B(s)⁰→J/ψf₀(1370); f₀(1370)→π(+)π⁻)=(0.34(-0.14)(+0.11)(stat)(-0.02)(+0.03)(syst)(-0.05)(+0.08)(N(B(s)((*))B(s)((*)))))×10⁻⁴ with a significance of 4.2σ. The last error listed is due to uncertainty in the number of produced B(s)((*))B(s)((*)) pairs.
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Nishimura K, Browder TE, Adachi I, Aihara H, Arinstein K, Aushev T, Bakich AM, Balagura V, Barberio E, Belous K, Bhardwaj V, Bischofberger M, Bondar A, Bozek A, Bračko M, Chang MC, Chao Y, Chen A, Chen KF, Chen P, Cheon BG, Chiang CC, Cho IS, Choi Y, Dalseno J, Danilov M, Doležal Z, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Gabyshev N, Golob B, Ha H, Haba J, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Horii Y, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hyun HJ, Iijima T, Inami K, Itoh R, Iwabuchi M, Iwasaki Y, Joshi NJ, Julius T, Kang JH, Kapusta P, Kawai H, Kawasaki T, Kichimi H, Kiesling C, Kim HJ, Kim HO, Kim MJ, Kim YJ, Kinoshita K, Ko BR, Kodyš P, Korpar S, Križan P, Kumita T, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Kyeong SH, Lange JS, Lee MJ, Lee SH, Li J, Liu C, Liu Y, Liventsev D, Louvot R, Matyja A, McOnie S, Miyabayashi K, Miyata H, Miyazaki Y, Mohanty GB, Mori T, Nakano E, Nakao M, Nakazawa H, Natkaniec Z, Nishida S, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Olsen SL, Ostrowicz W, Pakhlova G, Park CW, Park H, Park HK, Park KS, Pestotnik R, Petrič M, Piilonen LE, Röhrken M, Ryu S, Sahoo H, Sakai Y, Schneider O, Schwanda C, Schwartz AJ, Senyo K, Seon O, Sevior ME, Shapkin M, Shen CP, Shiu JG, Simon F, Smerkol P, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Starič M, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki S, Teramoto Y, Trabelsi K, Uehara S, Uglov T, Unno Y, Uno S, Varner G, Varvell KE, Vervink K, Wang CH, Wang MZ, Wang P, Watanabe Y, Wicht J, Williams KM, Won E, Yamashita Y, Yamauchi M, Zhang CC, Zhang ZP, Zhou P, Zhulanov V, Zivko T, Zupanc A, Zyukova O. First measurement of inclusive B→Xsη decays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:191803. [PMID: 21231162 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.191803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report a first measurement of inclusive B→Xsη decays, where Xs is a charmless state with unit strangeness. The measurement is based on a pseudoinclusive reconstruction technique and uses a sample of 657×10(6)BB pairs accumulated with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider. For MXs < 2.6 GeV/c2, we measure a branching fraction of [26.1±3.0(stat)-2.1+1.9(syst)-7.1+4.0(model)]×10(-5) and a direct CP asymmetry of ACP=-0.13±0.04-0.03+0.02. Over half of the signal occurs in the range MXs > 1.8 GeV/c2.
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Sargeant LA, Simmons RK, Barling RS, Butler R, Williams KM, Prevost AT, Kinmonth AL, Wareham NJ, Griffin SJ. Who attends a UK diabetes screening programme? Findings from the ADDITION-Cambridge study. Diabet Med 2010; 27:995-1003. [PMID: 20722672 PMCID: PMC3428846 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.03056.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS One of the factors influencing the cost-effectiveness of population screening for Type 2 diabetes may be uptake. We examined attendance and practice- and individual-level factors influencing uptake at each stage of a diabetes screening programme in general practice. METHODS A stepwise screening programme was undertaken among 135, 825 people aged 40-69 years without known diabetes in 49 general practices in East England. The programme included a score based on routinely available data (age, sex, body mass index and prescribed medication) to identify those at high risk, who were offered random capillary blood glucose (RBG) and glycosylated haemoglobin tests. Those screening positive were offered fasting capillary blood glucose (FBG) and confirmatory oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). RESULTS There were 33 539 high-risk individuals invited for a RBG screening test; 24 654 (74%) attended. Ninety-four per cent attended the follow-up FBG test and 82% the diagnostic OGTT. Seventy per cent of individuals completed the screening programme. Practices with higher general practitioner staff complements and those located in more deprived areas had lower uptake for RBG and FBG tests. Male sex and a higher body mass index were associated with lower attendance for RBG testing. Older age, prescription of antihypertensive medication and a higher risk score were associated with higher attendance for FBG and RBG tests. CONCLUSIONS High attendance rates can be achieved by targeted stepwise screening of individuals assessed as high risk by data routinely available in general practice. Different strategies may be required to increase initial attendance, ensure completion of the screening programme, and reduce the risk that screening increases health inequalities.
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Echouffo-Tcheugui JB, Sargeant LA, Prevost AT, Williams KM, Barling RS, Butler R, Fanshawe T, Kinmonth AL, Wareham NJ, Griffin SJ. How much might cardiovascular disease risk be reduced by intensive therapy in people with screen-detected diabetes? Diabet Med 2008; 25:1433-9. [PMID: 19046242 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02600.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk of people with screen-detected Type 2 diabetes and to estimate the risk reduction achievable through early intensive pharmacological intervention. METHODS In ADDITION-Cambridge, diabetic patients were identified among people aged 40-69 years through a stepwise screening procedure including a risk score, random and fasting capillary blood glucose, HbA(1c) and oral glucose tolerance test. In those without prior macrovascular disease, 10-year CVD risk was computed using UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) and Framingham engines. The absolute risk reduction achievable and its plausible range were predicted using relative risk reductions for individual therapies from published trials and sensitivity analysis. RESULTS Of the 867 individuals with undiagnosed diabetes, 19% had pre-existing CVD, 97% were overweight or obese, 86% had hypertension, 75% had dyslipidaemia, 20% had microalbuminuria and 18% were smokers. Of those with hypertension, 35% were not prescribed drugs and 42% were suboptimally treated. Of participants with dyslipidaemia, 68% were not prescribed medications and 22% were poorly controlled. Median 10-year CVD risk was 34.0%[interquartile range (IQR) 26.2-44.6] in men and 21.5% (IQR 15.7-28.7) in women using the UKPDS engine; 38.6% (IQR 27.8-53.0) in men and 24.6% (IQR 17.2-32.9) in women using Framingham equations. In the most conservative scenario (no additive effect of therapies), the absolute risk reduction achievable through multifactorial therapy ranged from 4.9 to 9.5% (UKPDS) and from 5.4 to 10.5% (Framingham). The corresponding ranges of numbers needed to treat were 11-20 and 10-19. CONCLUSIONS People with screen-detected diabetes have an adverse cardiovascular risk profile, which is potentially modifiable through application of existing treatment recommendations.
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Mohammed Abdul MI, Jiang X, Williams KM, Day RO, Roufogalis BD, Liauw WS, Xu H, McLachlan AJ. Pharmacodynamic interaction of warfarin with cranberry but not with garlic in healthy subjects. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 154:1691-700. [PMID: 18516070 PMCID: PMC2518459 DOI: 10.1038/bjp.2008.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2008] [Revised: 03/17/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patients commonly take complementary medicines in conjunction with warfarin yet evidence supporting the safety or the risk of a herb-drug interaction is lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible impact of two commonly used herbal medicines, garlic and cranberry, on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin in healthy male subjects. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH An open-label, three-treatment, randomized crossover clinical trial was undertaken and involved 12 healthy male subjects of known CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotype. A single dose of 25 mg warfarin was administered alone or after 2 weeks of pretreatment with either garlic or cranberry. Warfarin enantiomer concentrations, INR, platelet aggregation and clotting factor activity were measured to assess pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between warfarin and herbal medicines. KEY RESULTS Cranberry significantly increased the area under the INR-time curve by 30% when administered with warfarin compared with treatment with warfarin alone. Cranberry did not alter S- or R-warfarin pharmacokinetics or plasma protein binding. Co-administration of garlic did not significantly alter warfarin pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics. Both herbal medicines showed some evidence of VKORC1 (not CYP2C9) genotype-dependent interactions with warfarin, which is worthy of further investigation. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Cranberry alters the pharmacodynamics of warfarin with the potential to increase its effects significantly. Co-administration of warfarin and cranberry requires careful monitoring.
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Xu H, Williams KM, Liauw WS, Murray M, Day RO, McLachlan AJ. Effects of St John's wort and CYP2C9 genotype on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of gliclazide. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 153:1579-86. [PMID: 18204476 PMCID: PMC2437900 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2007] [Revised: 12/05/2007] [Accepted: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patients commonly take complementary medicines in conjunction with conventional drugs without clear evidence of safety or the risk of herb-drug interactions. The aim of this study was to assess potential pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) interactions between St John's wort and gliclazide in healthy subjects with different cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) genotypes. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A crossover controlled study was conducted in 21 healthy subjects. Each received gliclazide (80 mg) either alone or during 15 days treatment with St John's wort. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC(0-infinity)), apparent clearance (CL/F) and elimination half-life (t 1/2) of gliclazide and incremental changes in glucose and insulin AUC(0-4) were compared. CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 alleles were identified using PCR followed by restriction enzyme digestion analysis. KEY RESULTS St John's wort significantly altered gliclazide pharmacokinetics in all except for four healthy subjects. The mean ratio and 90% confidence interval (CI) of gliclazide AUC(0-infinity) and CL/F were 0.67 (0.55-0.81) and 1.50 (1.24-1.81), respectively, after St John's wort treatment. St John's wort decreased gliclazide t (1/2), with mean ratio and 90% CI of 0.85 (0.74-0.93). There were no significant changes in glucose or insulin AUC(0-4) after St John's wort treatment and no significant differences according to CYP2C9 genotype. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Treatment with St John's wort significantly increases the apparent clearance of gliclazide which is independent of CYP2C9 genotype. People with diabetes receiving this combination should be closely monitored to evaluate possible signs of reduced efficacy.
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Lu CY, Williams KM, Day RO. Has the use of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs changed as a consequence of controlled access to high-cost biological agents through the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme? Intern Med J 2007; 37:601-6. [PMID: 17542999 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2007.01396.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A prerequisite for access to biological agents for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis under Australia's Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) is evidence of an adequate trial of conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). The aim of this study was to examine whether there were changes in prescribing DMARDs since the introduction of the PBS criteria for access to biologicals in August 2003. METHODS A retrospective study was undertaken of the national use of DMARDs in the period before and after the introduction of biologicals under the PBS. Dispensing data were analysed for changes in patterns of DMARD prescription rates (2000-2005). RESULTS There were 2 887 746 prescriptions for DMARDs between August 2000 and June 2005. PBS prescriptions accounted for 95% of these. Government expenditure for the DMARDs was $A156m. Trends in the use of DMARDs remained relatively steady over the study period without a significant change around the time the PBS criteria for biologicals were introduced. Use of hydroxychloroquine and leflunomide increased steadily, use of methotrexate and sulfasalazine was stable and use of gold preparations and penicillamine was considerably lower during this 5-year period. CONCLUSION Introduction of PBS criteria for access to biologicals did not alter the trends in use of DMARDs based on national dispensing data. This study emphasized the value that would accrue from availability of more comprehensive, de-identified, individual patient data that would enable more detailed examination of the use of medicines. These data are available, but cannot be easily accessed. It is time to make the data available for approved, ethical research in the interests of better outcomes from medicines supplied under PBS.
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Lu CY, Williams KM, Day RO. Access to tumour necrosis factor inhibitors for rheumatoid arthritis treatment under the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme: are we on target? Intern Med J 2006; 36:19-27. [PMID: 16409309 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2005.00992.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Access to tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFI) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis under the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) is governed by a set of arrangements, operational from August 2003. Patients must meet strict criteria for both starting and continuing TNFI. Examination of utilization data is important for assessing the broader implications of arrangements for access to expensive pharmaceuticals under schemes such as the PBS. AIM To examine the uptake of TNFI over the first year of subsidized availability of etanercept under the PBS, and to compare these data to the predicted utilization and expenditure. METHODS Collection and analysis of prescription and expenditure data for the three listed TNFI: etanercept, infliximab and adalimumab processed under the PBS for the period August 2003 to July 2004. RESULTS A total of 8,053 prescriptions for TNFI was reimbursed at a total cost of 15.2 m Australian dollars. The total PBS expenditure on etanercept was just over 14 m Australian dollars, 14% of the predicted annual expenditure. The relative per capita uptake of etanercept was highest in the Australian Capital Territory and lowest in the Northern Territory. More than 50% of prescriptions for etanercept were for concessional patients (7.3 m Australian dollars). CONCLUSION Prescription rates and expenditure on etanercept were substantially below those forecast over the first year. There are opportunities to adjust the PBS restrictions for subsidized access to TNFI to benefit more patients.
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Williams KM, Ford WCL. Effects of Ca-ATPase inhibitors on the intracellular calcium activity and motility of human spermatozoa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 26:366-75. [PMID: 14636222 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2003.00438.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Although evidence suggests that high intracellular calcium activity ([Ca2+]i) inhibits sperm motility, data concerning [Ca2+]i within, or slightly above, the physiological range are sparse, particularly in mammalian sperm. We investigated inhibitors of the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase (SERCA) and the plasma membrane Ca-ATPase with the objective of increasing the intracellular calcium ion activity in human spermatozoa to study its effect on motility and other functions. Thapsigargin (20 micromol/L) increased [Ca2+]i from 140 +/- 7 nmol/L over an approximately 2-min period to reach a plateau of 530 +/- 84 nmol/L (mean +/- SEM, n = 3, p < 0.05). In sperm suspended in calcium-free medium thapsigargin increased [Ca2+]i from 13 +/- 3.3 to 35 +/- 7.5 nmol/L (p < 0.01), consistent with the release of calcium from intracellular stores. Cyclopiazonic acid (60 micromol/L) caused a transient decrease in [Ca2+]i. Quercetin, (200 micromol/L) caused a rapid increase in [Ca2+]i to 1280 +/- 90 nmol/L, after which [Ca2+]i fell quickly at first but then more slowly. Thapsigargin (20 micromol/L) caused approximately 70% of sperm to acrosome react in < or = 5 min, but once acrosome reacted, many sperm died over the next 30 min. Lower concentrations of thapsigargin caused fewer acrosome reactions but were less toxic. Both thapsigargin and quercetin caused rapid dose-dependent decreases in sperm motility. The results are consistent with high [Ca2+]i in the range observed in caput epididymal or cryopreserved spermatozoa inhibiting motility, but might be confounded by other events following the acrosome reaction.
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Wren BG, Day RO, McLachlan AJ, Williams KM. Pharmacokinetics of estradiol, progesterone, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone after transbuccal administration to postmenopausal women. Climacteric 2003; 6:104-11. [PMID: 12841880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the pharmacokinetic profiles of estradiol, progesterone, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone in postmenopausal women following single and multiple dosing using a troche and the transbuccal route of administration. METHODS Each troche contained estradiol (0.5 mg), progesterone (200 mg), testosterone (2.0 mg) and dehydroepiandrosterone (10 mg). A half troche was administered to each of six women and the plasma concentration-time profiles determined over 24 h. Thereafter, a one-half troche was taken twice daily for 2 weeks and concentrations determined over a dosage interval (12 h). Blood and saliva samples were collected at specified time intervals on the first day and again after 2 weeks. RESULTS Each of the hormones was readily absorbed via the buccal mucous membrane. Peak plasma concentrations of estradiol and progesterone were comparable to those found normally in young menstruating women. CONCLUSION The transbuccal route is a novel approach to provide therapy for the management of menopause-related symptoms of postmenopausal women without the need to resort to conjugated or synthesized hormones, and may overcome the poor or erratic systemic availability associated with other routes of administration.
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Blache D, Talbot RT, Blackberry MA, Williams KM, Martin GB, Sharp PJ. Photoperiodic control of the concentration of luteinizing hormone, prolactin and testosterone in the male emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae), a bird that breeds on short days. J Neuroendocrinol 2001; 13:998-1006. [PMID: 11737558 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2826.2001.00722.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to establish, for a short-day breeding bird, the male emu, whether the breeding season is principally controlled by changes in photoperiod, and to investigate the endocrine mechanisms involved. Two groups of adult males were subjected to three alternating periods of 150-185 days of 14 h light/day (LD) and 10 h light/day (SD) terminating in a 360-day period of LD or SD. Transfer from LD to SD led to increases in plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone, after 82 +/- 8 and 73 +/- 3 (SEM) days, and an increase in prolactin concentrations after 115 +/- 12 days. Concentrations of LH and testosterone began to decrease before transfer back to LD, at a time when prolactin concentrations were approaching peak values. Transfer from LD to 360 days of SD resulted in increases in LH and testosterone concentrations, and these terminated after an increase in prolactin concentrations. After transfer from SD to 360 days of LD, plasma concentrations of LH and testosterone began to increase, after delays of 222 +/- 24 and 225 +/- 13 days, and were high at the end of the study, while prolactin values remained depressed throughout. These observations clearly show that seasonal breeding in the emu is directly controlled by changes in photoperiod. The dynamics of the hormonal responses to change of photoperiod suggest that, despite being short-day breeders, the photoregulation of breeding in emus involves mechanisms that are currently accepted for birds, rather than mechanisms that have been proposed for short-day breeding mammals. The initiation of breeding in emus is due to dissipation of photorefractoriness by short days which leads to an increase in the secretion of gonadotrophins to levels that are sufficient to support full reproductive condition. The termination of breeding, while days are still short, is due to the antigonadotrophic action of prolactin which, unusually for birds, increases while the days are still short. In conclusion, breeding activity in male emus is strongly controlled by photoperiod. Emus are short-day breeders, but the central mechanisms that regulate the secretion of reproductive hormones seem to be similar to those previously proposed for long-day breeding birds. The pattern of prolactin secretion in emus suggests an important role for this hormone in the termination of the breeding cycle.
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