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Kim KC, Lee BC, Pou S, Ciccolella D. Effects of activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes on airway goblet cell mucin release in a co-culture system. Inflamm Res 2003; 52:258-62. [PMID: 12835897 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-003-1171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Effects of activated PMN on airway goblet cell mucin release were investigated using a co-culture system in which both tracheal surface epithelial (TSE) cells and PMN from hamsters were present. MATERIALS AND METHODS TSE cells were metabolically labeled using (3)H-glucosamine and chased in the presence of PMN under various experimental designs. PMN were obtained from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of hamsters following intratracheal instillation of E. coli endotoxin. The amount of (3)H-mucin was measured by Sepharose CL-4B gel-filtration column chromatography. RESULTS (i). activation of 10(6) PMN by fMLP (0.1 microM) and cytochalasin B (0.1 microM) resulted in production of both the estrolytic ("elastolytic") activity and superoxide, (ii). activation of PMN in the co-culture stimulated mucin release from TSE cells followed by a significant degradation of the released mucins, both of which were blocked in a dose-dependent fashion by pretreatment with alpha1-protease inhibitor, and (iii). generation of varying concentrations of superoxide in the TSE cell culture did not affect mucin release from TSE cells. CONCLUSION In the co-culture system, activation of PMN results in release and degradation of mucins, both of which are almost entirely accounted for by serine proteases but not other cellular products such as superoxide.
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Jiang G, Yang F, Li M, Weissbecker K, Price S, Kim KC, La Russa VF, Safah H, Ehrlich M. Imatinib (ST1571) provides only limited selectivity for CML cells and treatment might be complicated by silent BCR-ABL genes. Cancer Biol Ther 2003; 2:103-8. [PMID: 12673129 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Very promising results have been obtained in clinical trials on chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML) patients treated with imatinib mesylate (IM; Gleevecr, STI571), a BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor. However, we found that IM caused considerable inhibition of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells upon treating control bone marrow (BM) cultures. In vitro IM treatment gave a decrease in the yield and size of colonies from BM of untreated CP-CML patients that was only two to three times that from the normal samples. Moreover, about 30% of myeloid progenitors (CFU-GM) from CML BM still formed colonies in the presence of IM, most of which had BCR-ABL RNA. About half of these treated colonies also displayed methylation of the internal ABL Pa promoter, a CML-specific epigenetic alteration, which was used in this study as a marker for BCR-ABL translocation-containing cells. However, ~5-8% of the treated or the untreated CML BM-derived colonies had no detectable BCR-ABL RNA by two or three rounds of RT-PCR despite being positive for the internal standard RNA and displaying hallmarks of CML, either t(9;22)(q34;ql 1) or ABL Pa methylation. Our results indicate that IM is only partially specific for CML progenitor cells compared to normal hematopoietic progenitor cells and suggest that some CML cells may have a silent BCR-ABL oncogene that could interfere with therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Benzamides
- Bone Marrow Cells/drug effects
- Bone Marrow Cells/pathology
- Bone Marrow Cells/physiology
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- Colony-Forming Units Assay
- DNA Methylation/drug effects
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/pathology
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/physiology
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/physiology
- Piperazines
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Transcription, Genetic
- Translocation, Genetic
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53
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Kim KC, Hurh WM, Fernandez M. Intra-group differences in business participation: three Asian immigrant groups. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION REVIEW 2002; 23:73-95. [PMID: 12342478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates ethnic and nativity differentials in self-employment based on the small-business experiences of 3 Asian immigrant groups in the US: Korean, Chinese, and Asian Indians. In light of the 1980 Census data, the intra- and the inter-group differences in the business participation rates of these Asian immigrant groups are examined. Findings reveal that each group has substantial intra-group differences in the business participation rate, and the differences can best be explained by the interactive approach proposed by this study. Moreover, a comparative study (inter-group comparison) of these intra-group differences opens a new avenue to understanding the various patterns of business participation among recent immigrants from Asia.
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Lee CJ, Paik SH, Ko KH, Kim KC. Effects of polycationic peptides on mucin release from airway goblet cells: relationship between polymer size and activity. Inflamm Res 2002; 51:490-4. [PMID: 12477077 DOI: 10.1007/pl00012417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN Various sizes of poly-L-lysine (PLL) and poly-L-arginine (PLA) were tested for their possible effects on airway goblet cell mucin release using primary hamster tracheal surface epithelial (HTSE) cells in an attempt to identify the smallest size of the polycationic peptide to suppress mucin release without cytotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS HTSE cells were metabolically labeled using 3H-glucosamine and chased in the presence of varying concentrations of various sizes of the polycationic peptides. The amount of 3H-mucin in the spent media was measured by Sepharose CL-4B gel-filtration column chromatography. Possible cytotoxicity of the peptides was assessed by measuring the release of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) during the treatment period. RESULTS (1) PLL (MW 78,000) inhibited whereas PLA (MW 92,000) stimulated mucin release. However, these peptides were cytotoxic at the effective concentrations; (2) Both PLL (MW 9,600) and PLA (MW 8,900) could inhibit mucin release in a dose dependent manner without cytotoxicity; (3) Both PLL and PLA were effective in suppressing mucin release in 20-mer but not in either 10-mer or 5-mer; (4) 14-mers of both PLL and PLA also inhibited mucin release without cytotoxicity; (5) PLL and poly-D-lysine (PDL) of 14-mer were equipotent in its ability to suppress mucin release. CONCLUSION Both PLL and PLA are cytotoxic at 'high' molecular weights, but have an ability to suppress mucin release without cytotoxicity at 'low' molecular weights. 14-mer seems to be the small, effective size, if not the smallest, for both PLL and PLA to suppress mucin release without cytotoxicity. The inhibitory effect of these polycationic peptides seems to be determined by the presence and the absolute number of positive charges and also to be independent of optical isomerism.
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Kim KC. [Ichthyosis]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2002:5-6. [PMID: 11528861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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56
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Kim KC. [Immunodeficiency, hyper IgE type]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2002:10-1. [PMID: 11528639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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57
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Kim KC. [Ichthyosis-cheek-eyebrow syndrome]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2002:7. [PMID: 11528974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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58
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Kim KC. [Immunodeficiency, Wiskott-Aldrich type]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2002:12-3. [PMID: 11528650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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59
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Kim KC. [Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2002:159. [PMID: 11528675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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60
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Kim KC. [Inflammatory disease, neonatal Bates-Lorber type]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2002:18. [PMID: 11528688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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61
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Kim KC. [Schinzel-Giedion syndrome]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2002:611-2. [PMID: 11528923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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62
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Kim KC. [Ichthyosis-coloboma-heart defect-deafness-mental retardation]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2002:8. [PMID: 11529030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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63
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Kim KC. [Scleroderma, familial progressive]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2002:614-5. [PMID: 11528925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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64
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Kim KC. [IFAP syndrome(ichthyosis follicularis, alopecia, and photophobia syndrome)]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2002:9. [PMID: 11529059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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65
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Kim KC, Kim TS, Kang KH, Choi KH. Amphiphysin IIb-1, a novel splicing variant of amphiphysin II, regulates p73beta function through protein-protein interactions. Oncogene 2001; 20:6689-99. [PMID: 11709703 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2001] [Revised: 04/02/2001] [Accepted: 07/16/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
p73 is a nuclear protein that is similar in structure and function to p53. Notably, the C-terminal region of p73 has a regulatory function, through interactions with a positive or negative regulator. In this study, we use the yeast two-hybrid technique to identify a novel p73beta binding protein, designated amphiphysin IIb-1. Amphiphysin IIb-1 is one of the splicing variants of amphiphysin II, and has a shorter protein product than amphiphysin IIb, which has been previously reported. We confirmed that amphiphysin IIb-1 binds full-length p73beta, both in vitro and in vivo. This association is mediated via the SH3 domain of amphiphysin IIb-1 and C-terminal amino acids 321-376 of p73beta. Double immunofluorescence patterns revealed that p73beta is relocalized to the cytoplasm in the presence of amphiphysin IIb-1. Overexpression of amphiphysin IIb-1 was found to significantly inhibit the transcriptional activity of p73beta in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the cell death function of p73beta was inhibited by amphiphysin IIb-1. These findings offer a new insight into the regulation mechanism of p73beta, and suggest that amphiphysin IIb-1 modulates p73beta function by direct binding.
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66
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Kim KC. [Hypochondroplasia]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2001:845-6. [PMID: 11462715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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67
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Kim KC. [Hypothalamic hamartoblastoma syndrome, congenital, Hall-Pallister syndrome]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2001:866. [PMID: 11462728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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68
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Kim KC. [Hypoglossia-hypodactylia]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2001:848. [PMID: 11462717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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69
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Kim KC. [Hypomandibular faciocranial dysostosis]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2001:853. [PMID: 11462721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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70
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Kim KC. [Hypomelanosis of Ito, pigmentary dysplasia]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2001:854-5. [PMID: 11462722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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71
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Kim KC. [Hypoventilation, congenital central alveolar type]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2001:867. [PMID: 11462729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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72
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Kim KC. [Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, X-linked]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2001:851-2. [PMID: 11462720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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73
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Kim KC. [Hypopigmentation-immune defect, Griscelli type]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 2001:863. [PMID: 11462726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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74
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Lee KH, Kim KC, Jung YJ, Ham YH, Jang JJ, Kwon H, Sung YC, Kim SH, Han SK, Kim CM. Induction of apoptosis in p53-deficient human hepatoma cell line by wild-type p53 gene transduction: inhibition by antioxidant. Mol Cells 2001; 12:17-24. [PMID: 11561726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the role of wild-type (wt)-p53 as an inducer of apoptotic cell death in human hepatoma cell lines. Following the retrovirus-mediated transduction of the wt-p53 gene, Hep3B cells lacking the endogenous p53 expression began to die through apoptosis in 4 h. They showed a maximal apoptotic death at 12 h, whereas HepG2 cells expressing endogenous p53 did not. However, the transduction of the wt-p53 gene elicited growth suppression of both Hep3B and HepG2 cells. P21(WAF1/CIP1), a p53-inducible cell cycle inhibitor, was induced, not only in Hep3B cells undergoing apoptosis, but also in HepG2 cells. The kinetics of the p21(WAF1/CIP1) induction, DNA fragmentation, and growth suppression of the Hep3B cells showed that DNA fragmentation and growth suppression progressed rapidly following p21(WAF1/CIP1) accumulation. N-acetyl-cysteine or glutathione, potent antioxidants, strongly inhibited the DNA fragmentation, but did not reduce the elevated level of p21(WAF1/CIP1). These findings suggested that p21(WAF1/CIP1) was not a critical mediator for the execution of p53-mediated apoptosis, although it contributed to the growth inhibition of cells undergoing apoptosis. Furthermore, p53-mediated apoptosis could be repressed by antioxidants.
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Jung YJ, Lee KH, Choi DW, Han CJ, Jeong SH, Kim KC, Oh JW, Park TK, Kim CM. Reciprocal expressions of cyclin E and cyclin D1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2001; 168:57-63. [PMID: 11368878 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of the cell cycle by overexpression of G1 cyclins, cyclin E and cyclin D1 genes, has been demonstrated to be a prerequisite for the development of human cancer. Recently, cyclin E is proposed to be sufficient for the progression of the G1 cell cycle without cyclin D1. Here we show that the proposed model system was specifically present in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) unlike other human cancers. Of 31 HCC tissues analyzed, 21 (67.7%) exhibited an overexpression of cyclin E protein. In contrast to cyclin E gene expression, cyclin D1 expression was strongly downregulated in 19 (61.2%) HCCs. Interestingly, 65% of HCC tissues with overexpression of the cyclin E gene exhibited downregulation of cyclin D1, suggesting reciprocal deregulation of these cyclins in the G1 progression of the cell cycle. Southern blot analysis proved the amplification of cyclin E gene in HCC with a high level of overexpression. The present findings suggest that the reciprocal deregulation of cyclin E lacking cyclin D1 expression might play a role in G1 progression and the development of HCC.
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