New pathway for nonphosphorylated degradation of gluconate by Aspergillus niger

A new nonphosphorylative pathway for gluconate degradation was found in extracts of a strain of Aspergillus niger. The findings indicate that gluconate is dehydrated into 2-keto-3-deoxy-gluconate (KDG), which then is cleaved into glyceraldehyde and pyruvate. 6-Phosphogluconate was not degraded under the same conditions. In addition, KDG was formed from glyceraldehyde and pyruvate. Very weak activity was obtained when glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate replaced glyceraldehyde in this reaction.

Structure-activity relations in analgesics based on 4-anilinopiperidine

The synthesis of some 1-alkyl and l-aralkyl-4-(N-phenylpropion-amido)piperidines and related derivatives is described and the hot-plate activities in mice of these compounds reported. Activity variations among 1-methyl, 1-benzyl, and 1-phenethyl derivatives resemble those of corresponding open-chain anilide rather than 4-phenyl-piperidine analgesics. Infrared and nmr data show the two nitrogen atoms of the 4-anilinopiperidine derivatives to be further apart than those of open-chain anilides in their respective preferred conformations; these results, together with the extreme potency difference between the N-phenethyl derivatives diampromide and fentanyl, show that the two classes are best regarded as mutually distinct types of analgesic.

The biotransformation of methadone in man: synthesis and identification of a major metabolite

After administration of methadone to man, only two basic urinary excretion products were detected, these were unchanged drug and 2-ethyl-1, 5-dimethyl-3, 3-diphenyl-1-pyrroline. The hydriodide of the latter was synthesized and its endocyclic alkene structure was confirmed from infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data. This compound was shown to be identical with the hydriodide of the basic product formed by reaction of 1, 5-dimethyl-3, 3-diphenylpyrrolid-2-one with ethyl-lithium.

Analgesically active basic anilides: stereospecificity and structure of the basic group

The synthesis of (RS)-, (R)- and (S)-N-(2-dimethylaminopropyl)propionanilide and the benzylmethylamino- analogues of methadone and isomethadone is described. The hot-plate activities in mice of the (S)- enantiomorphs of both the dimethylamino- and benzylmethylaminopropionanilides are greater than those of the corresponding (RS)- and (R)- forms, while the methadone and isomethadone analogues are inactive in the same test. These results support the view that 3-amino-1,1-diphenylpropyl- and basic anilide - analgesics differ in their modes of binding to the analgesic receptor site.