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Yamane M, Yamashita N, Hida T, Kamiya Y, Nakamura F, Kolattukudy P, Goshima Y. A functional coupling between CRMP1 and Na v1.7 for retrograde propagation of Semaphorin3A signaling. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:1393-1403. [PMID: 28254884 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.199737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorin3A (Sema3A) is a secreted type of axon guidance molecule that regulates axon wiring through complexes of neuropilin-1 (NRP1) with PlexinA protein receptors. Sema3A regulates the dendritic branching through tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive retrograde axonal transport of PlexA proteins and tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA) complex. We here demonstrate that Nav1.7 (encoded by SCN9A), a TTX-sensitive Na+ channel, by coupling with collapsin response mediator protein 1 (CRMP1), mediates the Sema3A-induced retrograde transport. In mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, Sema3A increased co-localization of PlexA4 and TrkA in the growth cones and axons. TTX treatment and RNAi knockdown of Nav1.7 sustained Sema3A-induced colocalized signals of PlexA4 and TrkA in growth cones and suppressed the subsequent localization of PlexA4 and TrkA in distal axons. A similar localization phenotype was observed in crmp1-/- DRG neurons. Sema3A induced colocalization of CRMP1 and Nav1.7 in the growth cones. The half maximal voltage was increased in crmp1-/- neurons when compared to that in wild type. In HEK293 cells, introduction of CRMP1 lowered the threshold of co-expressed exogenous Nav1.7. These results suggest that Nav1.7, by coupling with CRMP1, mediates the axonal retrograde signaling of Sema3A.
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Tasaki J, Nakayama K, Shimizu I, Yamada H, Suzuki T, Nishiyama N, Yamane M. Cellular and molecular hypoxic response in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to linear alkylbenzene sulfonate at sublethal concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:122-130. [PMID: 26589110 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) is an anionic surfactant commonly used in cleaning agents such as laundry detergents. Trace amounts of LAS are released into environmental waters after processing in wastewater treatment plants after the use of this chemical. Acute toxicity of LAS has been well-studied using various organisms, and its effects are particularly well known in fish. LAS damages fish gill morphology and induces mucous excretion from these organs. LAS also causes hematological changes. These observations suggest that LAS might induce hypoxic conditions in fish. However, the connections between hypoxia and hematological changes at the cellular and molecular levels remain unknown. Common carp were exposed to LAS at concentrations of 625, 1250, and 2500 μg/L for 96 h. A total of 9-10 fish were sampled at the end of the exposure period for each concentration. For hematological analysis, carp blood was sampled from the caudal vein. Gill tissue was used for real-time PCR analysis to evaluate transcriptional changes of hypoxia-induced genes. The number of normal red blood cells and the number of immature red blood cells were significantly decreased and increased, respectively, in fish exposed to 2500 µg/L LAS. The hypoxic marker genes hypoxia inducible factor 1α, myoglobin 1, and erythropoietin 2 were upregulated in these fish. Our results suggest that LAS decreases erythrocyte numbers and induces hypoxic conditions. In addition, LAS-exposed fish increase production of immature erythrocytes and upregulate myoglobin expression in gills to improve oxygen transport and absorption. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 122-130, 2017.
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Tanaka S, Miyoshi K, Kurosaki T, Otani S, Sugimoto S, Yamane M, Oto T. Refinement of Lung Donor Scoring System with Consideration for Negative Impact of Prolonged Donor Intubation Time. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Miyoshi K, Konishi Y, Kurosaki T, Otani S, Sugimoto S, Yamane M, Miyoshi S, Oto T. Not Donor’s but Recipient’s Airway Organisms Are Relevant to Post-Lung Transplant Pneumonia. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Hirano Y, Sugimoto S, Mano T, Kurosaki T, Otani S, Miyoshi K, Yamane M, Miyoshi S, Oto T. Prolonged Administration of Twice Daily Bolus Intravenous Tacrolimus Early after Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Irie M, Sugimoto S, Kurosaki T, Miyoshi K, Otani S, Yamane M, Oto T, Miyoshi S. Cadaveric Lobar Lung Transplantation Based on the Experiences of Living-Donor Lobar Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.1052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Yamashita N, Yamane M, Suto F, Goshima Y. TrkA mediates retrograde semaphorin 3A signaling through plexin A4 to regulate dendritic branching. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:1802-14. [PMID: 26945060 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.184580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), a secretory semaphorin, exerts various biological actions through a complex between neuropilin-1 and plexin-As (PlexAs). Sema3A induces retrograde signaling, which is involved in regulating dendritic localization of GluA2 (also known as GRIA2), an AMPA receptor subunit. Here, we investigated a possible interaction between retrograde signaling pathways for Sema3A and nerve growth factor (NGF). Sema3A induces colocalization of PlexA4 (also known as PLXNA4) signals with those of tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA, also known as NTRK1) in growth cones, and these colocalized signals were then observed along the axons. The time-lapse imaging of PlexA4 and several TrkA mutants showed that the kinase and dynein-binding activity of TrkA were required for Sema3A-induced retrograde transport of the PlexA4-TrkA complex along the axons. The inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signal, a downstream signaling pathway of TrkA, in the distal axon suppressed Sema3A-induced dendritic localization of GluA2. The knockdown of TrkA suppressed Sema3A-induced dendritic localization of GluA2 and that suppressed Sema3A-regulated dendritic branching both in vitro and in vivo These findings suggest that by interacting with PlexA4, TrkA plays a crucial role in redirecting local Sema3A signaling to retrograde axonal transport, thereby regulating dendritic GluA2 localization and patterning.
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Keeney M, Jiang XY, Yamane M, Lee M, Goodman S, Yang F. Nanocoating for biomolecule delivery using layer-by-layer self-assembly. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:8757-8770. [PMID: 27099754 PMCID: PMC4835036 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00450k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Since its introduction in the early 1990s, layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly of films has been widely used in the fields of nanoelectronics, optics, sensors, surface coatings, and controlled drug delivery. The growth of this industry is propelled by the ease of film manufacture, low cost, mild assembly conditions, precise control of coating thickness, and versatility of coating materials. Despite the wealth of research on LbL for biomolecule delivery, clinical translation has been limited and slow. This review provides an overview of methods and mechanisms of loading biomolecules within LbL films and achieving controlled release. In particular, this review highlights recent advances in the development of LbL coatings for the delivery of different types of biomolecules including proteins, polypeptides, DNA, particles and viruses. To address the need for co-delivery of multiple types of biomolecules at different timing, we also review recent advances in incorporating compartmentalization into LbL assembly. Existing obstacles to clinical translation of LbL technologies and enabling technologies for future directions are also discussed.
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Inoue Y, Yamamoto M, Sakaguchi Y, Jitsukawa O, Hayano K, Yamane M, Sakamoto M, Yamanishi K. ABCA12-deficient Congenital Ichthyosiform Erythroderma in a Boy with an Intellectual Developmental Delay. Acta Derm Venereol 2015; 95:747-9. [PMID: 25655901 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-2062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Miyoshi K, Oto T, Sugimoto S, Yamane M, Miyoshi S. Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction After Bilateral Living Donor Lobar Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Sugimoto S, Oto T, Okada M, Iga N, Miyoshi K, Yamane M, Miyoshi S. Update on the Outcomes of Lung Transplantation After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Yamane M, Ohnishi N, Matsumoto T. Does Regular Post-exercise Cold Application Attenuate Trained Muscle Adaptation? Int J Sports Med 2015; 36:647-53. [PMID: 25760154 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1398652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of regular post-exercise cold application on muscular and vascular adaptations induced by moderate-intensity resistance training. 14 male subjects participated in resistance training: 5 sets of 8 wrist-flexion exercises at workload of 70-80% of the single repetition maximum, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. 7 subjects immersed their experimental forearms in cold water (10±1°C) for 20 min after wrist-flexion exercises (cooled group), and the other 7 served as control subjects (noncooled group). Measurements were taken before and after the training period; wrist-flexor thickness, brachial-artery diameter, maximal muscle strength, and local muscle endurance were measured in upper extremities. Wrist-flexor thicknesses of the experimental arms increased after training in both groups, but the extent of each increase was significantly less in the cooled group compared with the noncooled group. Maximal muscle strength and brachial-artery diameter did not increase in the cooled group, while they increased in the noncooled group. Local muscle endurance increased in both groups, but the increase in the cooled group tended to be lower compared to the noncooled group. Regular post-exercise cold application to muscles might attenuate muscular and vascular adaptations to resistance training.
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Tanaka J, Tanaka H, Mizuki N, Nomura E, Ito N, Nomura N, Yamane M, Hida T, Goshima Y, Hatano H, Nakagawa H. Semaphorin 3A controls allergic and inflammatory responses in experimental allergic conjunctivitis. Int J Ophthalmol 2015; 8:1-10. [PMID: 25709899 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2015.01.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the efficacy of topical Semaphorin-3A (SEMA3A) in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. METHODS Experimental allergic conjunctivitis (EAC) mice model induced by short ragweed pollen (SRW) in 4-week-old of BALB/c mice, mice were evaluated using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunofluorescence and light microscope photographs. Early phase took the samples in 24h after instillation and late phase took the samples between 4 to 14d after the start of treatment. The study use of topical SEMA3A (10 U, 100 U, 1000 U) eye drops and subconjunctival injection of SEMA3A with same concentration. For comparison, five types of allergy eyedrops were quantified using clinical characteristics. RESULTS Clinical score of composite ocular symptoms of the mice treated with SEMA3A were significantly decreased both in the immediate phase and the late phase compared to those treated with commercial ophthalmic formulations and non-treatment mice. SEMA3A treatment attenuates infiltration of eosinophils entering into conjunctiva in EAC mice. The score of eosinophil infiltration in the conjunctiva of SEMA3A 1000 U-treated group were significantly lower than low-concentration of SEMA3A treated groups and non-treated group. SEMA3A treatment also suppressed T-cell proliferation in vitro and decreased serum total IgE levels in EAC mice. Moreover, Treatment of SEMA3A suppressed Th2-related cytokines (IL-5, IL-13 and IL-4) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17 and TNF-α) release, but increased regulatory cytokine IL-10 concentration in the conjunctiva of EAC mice. CONCLUSIONS SEMA3A as a biological agent, showed the beneficial activity in ocular allergic processes with the less damage to the intraocular tissue. It is expected that SEMA3A may be contributed in patients with a more severe spectrum of refractory ocular allergic diseases including allergic conjunctivitis in the near future.
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Mizutani S, Ekuni D, Tomofuji T, Yamane M, Azuma T, Iwasaki Y, Morita M. Gingival condition and tooth-brushing behavior after alcohol consumption. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:494-9. [PMID: 25251783 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Suzuki M, Takeda M, Kito A, Fukazawa M, Yata T, Yamamoto M, Nagata T, Fukuzawa T, Yamane M, Honda K, Suzuki Y, Kawabe Y. Tofogliflozin, a sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, attenuates body weight gain and fat accumulation in diabetic and obese animal models. Nutr Diabetes 2014; 4:e125. [PMID: 25000147 PMCID: PMC5189930 DOI: 10.1038/nutd.2014.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tofogliflozin, a highly selective inhibitor of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), induces urinary glucose excretion (UGE), improves hyperglycemia and reduces body weight in patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2D). The mechanisms of tofogliflozin on body weight reduction were investigated in detail with obese and diabetic animal models. METHODS Diet-induced obese (DIO) rats and KKAy mice (a mouse model of diabetes with obesity) were fed diets containing tofogliflozin. Body weight, body composition, biochemical parameters and metabolic parameters were evaluated. RESULTS In DIO rats tofogliflozin was administered for 9 weeks, UGE was induced and body weight gain was attenuated. Body fat mass decreased without significant change in bone mass or lean body mass. Food consumption (FC) increased without change in energy expenditure, and deduced total calorie balance (deduced total calorie balance=FC-UGE-energy expenditure) decreased. Respiratory quotient (RQ) and plasma triglyceride (TG) level decreased, and plasma total ketone body (TKB) level increased. Moreover, plasma leptin level, adipocyte cell size and proportion of CD68-positive cells in mesenteric adipose tissue decreased. In KKAy mice, tofogliflozin was administered for 3 or 5 weeks, plasma glucose level and body weight gain decreased together with a reduction in liver weight and TG content without a reduction in body water content. Combination therapy with tofogliflozin and pioglitazone suppressed pioglitazone-induced body weight gain and reduced glycated hemoglobin level more effectively than monotherapy with either pioglitazone or tofogliflozin alone. CONCLUSION Body weight reduction with tofogliflozin is mainly due to calorie loss with increased UGE. In addition, tofogliflozin also induces a metabolic shift from carbohydrate oxidation to fatty acid oxidation, which may lead to prevention of fat accumulation and inflammation in adipose tissue and liver. Tofogliflozin may have the potential to prevent obesity, hepatic steatosis and improve insulin resistance as well as hyperglycemia.
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Mizutani S, Ekuni D, Tomofuji T, Azuma T, Kataoka K, Yamane M, Iwasaki Y, Morita M. Relationship between xerostomia and gingival condition in young adults. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:74-9. [PMID: 24697562 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Xerostomia is a subjective symptom of dryness in the mouth. Although a correlation between xerostomia and oral conditions in the elderly has been reported, there are few such studies in the young adults. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of xerostomia with the gingival condition in university students. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 2077 students (1202 male subjects and 875 female subjects), 18-24 years of age, were examined. The disease activity and severity of the gingival condition were assessed as the percentage of teeth with bleeding on probing (%BOP) and the presence of teeth with probing pocket depth of ≥ 4 mm, respectively. Additional information on xerostomia, oral health behaviors, coffee/tea intake and nasal congestion was collected via a questionnaire. Path analysis was used to test pathways from xerostomia to the gingival condition. RESULTS One-hundred and eighty-three (8.8%) students responded that their mouths frequently or always felt dry. Xerostomia was related to %BOP and dental plaque formation, but was not related to the presence of probing pocket depth ≥ 4 mm. In the structural model, xerostomia was related to dental plaque formation (p < 0.01), and a lower level of dental plaque formation was associated with a lower %BOP. Xerostomia was associated with coffee/tea intake (p < 0.01) and nasal congestion (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Xerostomia was indirectly related to gingival disease activity through the accumulation of dental plaque. Nasal congestion and coffee/tea intake also affected xerostomia. These findings suggest that xerostomia should be considered in screening for gingivitis risk in young adults.
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Morioka I, Matsumoto M, Miwa A, Yokota T, Matsuo K, Koda T, Nagasaka M, Shibata A, Fujita K, Yamane M, Yamada H, Enomoto M, Chikahira M, Iijima K. Dried umbilical cord is a potential material for retrospective diagnosis of intrauterine enterovirus infection. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 27:1820-2. [DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2013.879701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ahn SO, Horiba N, Ohtomo S, Lee KJ, Kim KH, Kim BH, Kiyokawa J, Yamane M, Ikegami H, Nakagawa T, Hwang HH, Park JH, Cha JY, Tanaka J, Kake T. SAT0356 The Therapeutic Efficacy of the Novel Uricosuric Agent UR-1102 for Hyperuricemia and Gout. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Ujiie Y, Yamane M, Muto M, Fujita T, Matsubara T, Igarashi Y, Okamura A, Nakamura S, Muramatsu T, Tsuchikane E. Analysis of failures of retrograde percutaneous coronary intervention of chronic total occlusion: from the Japanese Multicenter registry by Retrograde Summit. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht310.p5316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Okada M, Yamane M, Muto M, Fujita T, Matsubara T, Igarashi Y, Okamura A, Nakamura S, Muramatsu T, Tsuchikane E. Complications with percutaneous coronary intervention by retrograde approach for chronic total occlusions: data analysis from the Japanese multicenter registry. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht310.p5485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kozuma K, Otsuka M, Ikari Y, Uehara Y, Yokoi H, Sano K, Tanabe K, Kimura K, Yamane M, Ishiwata S. Clinical and angiographic outcomes of paclitaxel-eluting stent implantation in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Sugimoto S, Oto T, Miyoshi K, Nishikawa H, Nakatani A, Yamane M, Miyoshi S. Lung Transplantation for Diffuse Panbronchiolitis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2013.01.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Okada M, Yamane M, Iga N, Nishikawa H, Yamamoto S, Otani S, Waki N, Hirayama S, Miyoshi K, Sugimoto S, Toyooka S, Oto T, Matsukawa A, Miyoshi S. MAPK/ERK Pathway Activation Leads to Severe Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Lung Injury. J Heart Lung Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2013.01.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Ito R, Nakano M, Yamane M, Amano M, Matsumoto T. Effects of rain on energy metabolism while running in a cold environment. Int J Sports Med 2013; 34:707-11. [PMID: 23371827 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1331770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Environmental factors tend to influence the performance of individuals who exercise for extended periods. The present study aimed to determine energy metabolism while running in cold, wet conditions using a climatic chamber that can precisely simulate rainy conditions. 7 healthy men (age, 23.3±2.9 (SD) y; height, 168.6±7.5 cm; weight, 65.9±8.1 kg; V. O2max, 52.0±5.7 mL·kg - 1·min - 1) ran on a treadmill at 70% ˙VO2max intensity for 30 min in a climatic chamber at an ambient temperature of 5°C in the presence (RAIN) or absence (CON) of 40 mm/h of precipitation. Expired air, esophageal temperature, heart rate, mean skin temperature, rating of perceived exertion and blood samples were measured. Esophageal temperature and mean skin temperature were significantly lower (P<0.05) in RAIN than in CON all. Minute ventilation, oxygen consumption and levels of plasma lactate and norepinephrine were significantly higher (P<0.05) in RAIN than in CON. In conclusion, the higher oxygen consumption and plasma lactate in RAIN indicated that energy demand increases when running in cold conditions.
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Iketani M, Iizuka A, Sengoku K, Kurihara Y, Nakamura F, Sasaki Y, Sato Y, Yamane M, Matsushita M, Nairn AC, Takamatsu K, Goshima Y, Takei K. Regulation of neurite outgrowth mediated by localized phosphorylation of protein translational factor eEF2 in growth cones. Dev Neurobiol 2012; 73:230-46. [PMID: 23008267 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Nerve growth cones contain mRNA and its translational machinery and thereby synthesize protein locally. The regulatory mechanisms in the growth cone, however, remain largely unknown. We previously found that the calcium entry-induced increase of phosphorylation of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 (eEF2), a key component of mRNA translation, within growth cones showed growth arrest of neurites. Because dephosphorylated eEF2 and phosphorylated eEF2 are known to promote and inhibit mRNA translation, respectively, the data led to the hypothesis that eEF2-mediating mRNA translation may regulate neurite outgrowth. Here, we validated the hypothesis by using a chromophore-assisted light inactivation (CALI) technique to examine the roles of localized eEF2 and eEF2 kinase (EF2K), a specific calcium calmodulin-dependent enzyme for eEF2 phosphorylation, in advancing growth cones of cultured chick dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The phosphorylated eEF2 was weakly distributed in advancing growth cones, whereas eEF2 phosphorylation was increased by extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-evoked calcium transient through P2 purinoceptors in growth cones and resulted in growth arrest of neurites. The increase of eEF2 phosphorylation within growth cones by inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A known to dephosphorylate eEF2 also showed growth arrest of neurites. CALI of eEF2 within growth cones resulted in retardation of neurite outgrowth, whereas CALI of EF2K enhanced neurite outgrowth temporally. Moreover, CALI of EF2K abolished the ATP-induced retardation of neurite outgrowth. These findings suggest that an eEF2 phosphorylation state localized to the growth cone regulates neurite outgrowth.
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