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Jackson N, Ohman⁎ C, Lee R, Shircliff K, Wilmoth T, Robertson Z, Callahan Z, Singer M, Wiegand B, Lorenzen C. The impact of beef chuck muscle isolation on color of ground chuck. Meat Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.07.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gupta V, Jackson N, Rossall M, Kolsum U, Budd R, Southworth T, Singh D. M15 Nebulised bronchodilators pre-bronchoscopy in patients with obstructive lung disease: does it help?: Abstract M15 Table 1. Thorax 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204457.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Roberts A, Trainor KE, Weeks B, Jackson N, Troughton RW, Charles CJ, Rademaker MT, Melton IC, Crozier IG, Hafelfinger W, Gutfinger DE, Eigler NL, Abraham WT, Clubb FJ. Integrated microscopy techniques for comprehensive pathology evaluation of an implantable left atrial pressure sensor. J Histotechnol 2013; 36:17-24. [PMID: 25258469 PMCID: PMC4161197 DOI: 10.1179/2046023613y.0000000021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The safety and efficacy of an implantable left atrial pressure (LAP) monitoring system is being evaluated in a clinical trial setting. Because the number of available specimens from the clinical trial for histopathology analysis is limited, it is beneficial to maximize the usage of each available specimen by relying on integrated microscopy techniques. The aim of this study is to demonstrate how a comprehensive pathology analysis of a single specimen may be reliably achieved using integrated microscopy techniques. Integrated microscopy techniques consisting of high-resolution gross digital photography followed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanning, low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM), and microground histology with special stains were applied to the same specimen. Integrated microscopy techniques were applied to eight human specimens. Micro-CT evaluation was beneficial for pinpointing the location and position of the device within the tissue, and for identifying any areas of interest or structural flaws that required additional examination. Usage of LVSEM was reliable in analyzing surface topography and cell type without destroying the integrity of the specimen. Following LVSEM, the specimen remained suitable for embedding in plastic and sectioning for light microscopy, using the positional data gathered from the micro-CT to intersect areas of interest in the slide. Finally, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and methylene blue staining was deployed on the slides with high-resolution results. The integration of multiple techniques on a single specimen maximized the usage of the limited number of available specimens from the clinical trial setting. Additionally, this integrated microscopic evaluation approach was found to have the added benefit of providing greater assurance of the derived conclusions because it was possible to cross-validate the results from multiple tests on the same specimen.
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Basche M, Barón AE, Eckhardt SG, Balducci L, Persky M, Levin A, Jackson N, Zeng C, Vranas P, Steiner JF. Barriers to enrollment of elderly adults in early-phase cancer clinical trials. J Oncol Pract 2013; 4:162-8. [PMID: 20856765 DOI: 10.1200/jop.0842001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential strategies to overcome barriers to enrollment of seniors into early-phase trials.
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Saunders AB, Gordon SG, Rector MH, DeMaster A, Jackson N, Clubb FJ, Fosgate GT, Miller MW. Bradyarrhythmias and pacemaker therapy in dogs with Chagas disease. J Vet Intern Med 2013; 27:890-4. [PMID: 23662590 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chagas disease (Trypanosomiasis) is a cause of myocarditis in the southern United States causing cardiac conduction abnormalities, arrhythmias, and heart failure. OBJECTIVES To report clinical findings and outcome in Chagas positive (CP) dogs requiring pacemaker implantation for bradyarrhythmias. ANIMALS One hundred and forty-four client-owned dogs requiring pacemaker implantation. METHODS Retrospective case series. Information regarding history, physical exam, laboratory and diagnostic imaging findings, treatment, and survival were obtained from medical records, with additional follow-up information obtained by contacting referring veterinarians and owners. RESULTS Of the 144 dogs requiring pacemaker implantation from January 2001 to May 2010, 83 (57.6%) had a Chagas titer performed and 9 (10%) were CP. Concurrent ventricular arrhythmias (odds ratio 1.61, P = .005) or atrioventricular (AV) block (odds ratio 4.18, P < .001) increased the likelihood that a Chagas titer was submitted. Median age for CP dogs was 6.2 years (range, 0.3-10); 7 were male. Bradyarrhythmias included high-grade 2nd or 3rd degree AV block (n = 8) and sinus bradycardia with 1st degree AV block (n = 1); 5 had concurrent ventricular arrhythmias. A positive Chagas titer had a negative impact on survival (hazard ratio 4.04; 95% CI 1.36-12.1, P = .012) with a reported median survival time of 365 days (interquartile range, 84-973 days). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Bradyarrhythmias can result in clinical signs requiring pacemaker implantation in CP dogs, and although the diagnosis negatively impacts survival, pacemaker therapy is a viable treatment option.
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Elleri D, Allen JM, Harris J, Kumareswaran K, Nodale M, Leelarathna L, Acerini CL, Haidar A, Wilinska ME, Jackson N, Umpleby AM, Evans ML, Dunger DB, Hovorka R. Absorption patterns of meals containing complex carbohydrates in type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2013; 56:1108-17. [PMID: 23435829 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-2852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Successful postprandial glycaemia management requires understanding of absorption patterns after meals containing variable complex carbohydrates. We studied eight young participants with type 1 diabetes to investigate a large low-glycaemic-load (LG) meal and another eight participants to investigate a high-glycaemic-load (HG) meal matched for carbohydrates (121 g). METHODS On Visit 1, participants consumed an evening meal. On follow-up Visit 2, a variable-target glucose clamp was performed to reproduce glucose and insulin levels from Visit 1. Adopting stable-label tracer dilution methodology, we measured endogenous glucose production on Visit 2 and subtracted it from total glucose appearance measured on Visit 1 to obtain meal-attributable glucose appearance. RESULTS After the LG meal, 25%, 50% and 75% of cumulative glucose appearance was at 88 ± 21, 175 ± 39 and 270 ± 54 min (mean ± SD), whereas glucose from the HG meal appeared significantly faster at 56 ± 12, 100 ± 25 and 153 ± 39 min (p < 0.001 to 0.003), and resulted in a 50% higher peak appearance (p < 0.001). Higher apparent bioavailability by 15% (p = 0.037) was observed after the LG meal. We documented a 20 min deceleration of dietary mixed carbohydrates compared with dietary glucose for the HG meal and a twofold deceleration for the LG meal. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Absorption patterns may be influenced by glycaemic load and/or meal composition, affecting optimum prandial insulin dosing in type 1 diabetes.
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Masoudi FA, Go AS, Magid DJ, Cassidy-Bushrow AE, Doris JM, Fiocchi F, Garcia-Montilla R, Glenn KA, Goldberg RJ, Gupta N, Gurwitz JH, Hammill SC, Hayes JJ, Jackson N, Kadish A, Lauer M, Miller AW, Multerer D, Peterson PN, Reifler LM, Reynolds K, Saczynski JS, Schuger C, Sharma PP, Smith DH, Suits M, Sung SH, Varosy PD, Vidaillet HJ, Greenlee RT. Longitudinal study of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: methods and clinical characteristics of patients receiving implantable cardioverter-defibrillators for primary prevention in contemporary practice. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2013; 5:e78-85. [PMID: 23170006 DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.112.965368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are increasingly used for primary prevention after randomized, controlled trials demonstrating that they reduce the risk of death in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The extent to which the clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of unselected, community-based patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction undergoing primary prevention ICD implantation in a real-world setting compare with those enrolled in the randomized, controlled trials is not well characterized. This study is being conducted to address these questions. METHODS AND RESULTS The study cohort includes consecutive patients undergoing primary prevention ICD placement between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2009 in 7 health plans. Baseline clinical characteristics were acquired from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry ICD Registry. Longitudinal data collection is underway, and will include hospitalization, mortality, and resource use from standardized health plan data archives. Data regarding ICD therapies will be obtained through chart abstraction and adjudicated by a panel of experts in device therapy. Compared with the populations of primary prevention ICD therapy randomized, controlled trials, the cohort (n=2621) is on average significantly older (by 2.5-6.5 years), more often female, more often from racial and ethnic minority groups, and has a higher burden of coexisting conditions. The cohort is similar, however, to a national population undergoing primary prevention ICD placement. CONCLUSIONS Patients undergoing primary prevention ICD implantation in this study differ from those enrolled in the randomized, controlled trials that established the efficacy of ICDs. Understanding a broad range of health outcomes, including ICD therapies, will provide patients, clinicians, and policy makers with contemporary data to inform decision-making.
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Jackson N, Leitch J, Wilsmore B, Barlow M. The Agilis Sheath in Typical Atrial Flutter Ablation Trial. Heart Lung Circ 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2013.05.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hügel HM, Jackson N. Redox chemistry of green tea polyphenols: therapeutic benefits in neurodegenerative diseases. Mini Rev Med Chem 2012; 12:380-7. [PMID: 22303970 DOI: 10.2174/138955712800493906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Evidence for the medicinal and health benefits of polyphenols in green tea for the prevention of chronic diseases such as heart disease, various types of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases is advancing. Their in vivo effectiveness and molecular mechanisms are difficult to elucidate and remain a challenging task. We review the redox responsiveness and amyloid protein perturbation biophysical properties of the major green tea polyphenol constituent (-)- epigallocatechin-3-gallate [EGCG].
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Everest DJ, Shuttleworth CM, Grierson SS, Duff JP, Jackson N, Litherland P, Kenward RE, Stidworthy MF. Systematic assessment of the impact of adenovirus infection on a captive reintroduction project for red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris
). Vet Rec 2012; 171:176. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.100617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Haidar A, Elleri D, Allen JM, Harris J, Kumareswaran K, Nodale M, Acerini CL, Wilinska ME, Jackson N, Umpleby AM, Evans ML, Dunger DB, Hovorka R. Validity of triple- and dual-tracer techniques to estimate glucose appearance. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2012; 302:E1493-501. [PMID: 22454288 PMCID: PMC3378162 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00581.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The triple-tracer (TT) dilution technique has been proposed to be the gold standard method to measure postprandial glucose appearance. However, validation against an independent standard has been missing. We addressed this issue and also validated the simpler dual-tracer (DT) technique. Sixteen young subjects with type 1 diabetes (age 19.5 ± 3.8 yr, BMI 23.4 ± 1.5 kg/m(2), HbA(1c) 8.7 ± 1.7%, diabetes duration 9.0 ± 6.9 yr, total daily insulin 0.9 ± 0.2 U·kg(-1)·day(-1), mean ± SD) received a variable intravenous 20% dextrose infusion enriched with [U-(13)C]glucose over 8 h to achieve postprandial-resembling glucose excursions while intravenous insulin was administered to achieve postprandial-resembling levels of plasma insulin. Primed [6,6-(2)H(2)]glucose was infused in a manner that mimicked the expected endogenous glucose production and [U-(13)C; 1,2,3,4,5,6,6-(2)H(7)]glucose was infused in a manner that mimicked the expected glucose appearance from a standard meal. Plasma glucose enrichment was measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The intravenous dextrose infusion served as an independent standard and was reconstructed using the TT and DT techniques with the two-compartment Radziuk/Mari model and an advanced stochastic computational method. The difference between the infused and reconstructed dextrose profile was similar for the two methods (root mean square error 6.6 ± 1.9 vs. 8.0 ± 3.5 μmol·kg(-1)·min(-1), TT vs. DT, P = NS, paired t-test). The TT technique was more accurate in recovering the overall dextrose infusion (100 ± 9 and 92 ± 12%; P = 0.02). The root mean square error associated with the mean dextrose infusion profile was 2.5 and 3.3 μmol·kg(-1)·min(-1) for the TT and DT techniques, respectively. We conclude that the TT and DT techniques combined with the advanced computational method can measure accurately exogenous glucose appearance. The TT technique tends to outperform slightly the DT technique, but the latter benefits from reduced experimental and computational complexity.
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Cooper AR, Sebire S, Montgomery AA, Peters TJ, Sharp DJ, Jackson N, Fitzsimons K, Dayan CM, Andrews RC. Sedentary time, breaks in sedentary time and metabolic variables in people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2012; 55:589-99. [PMID: 22167127 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We investigated whether objectively measured sedentary time and interruptions in sedentary time are associated with metabolic factors in people with type 2 diabetes. METHODS We studied 528 adults (30-80 years) with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, who were participants in a diet and physical activity intervention. Waist circumference (WC), fasting HDL-cholesterol, insulin and glucose levels, HOMA of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and physical activity (accelerometer) were measured at baseline and at 6 months follow-up. Linear regression models were used to investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of accelerometer-derived sedentary time and breaks in sedentary time (BST) with metabolic variables. RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses each hour of sedentary time was associated with larger WC (unstandardised regression coefficient [B] [95% CI] 1.89 cm [0.94, 2.83]; p < 0.001), higher insulin (B = 8.22 pmol/l [2.80, 13.65]; p = 0.003) and HOMA-IR (B = 0.42 [0.14, 0.70]; p = 0.004), and lower HDL-cholesterol (B = -0.04 mmol/l [-0.06, -0.01]; p = 0.005). Adjustment for WC attenuated all associations. Each BST was associated with lower WC (B = -0.15 cm [- 0.24, -0.05]; p = 0.003) and there was evidence of a weak linear association with HDL-cholesterol, but no association with insulin levels or HOMA-IR. Volume of sedentary time at baseline predicted HDL-cholesterol (B = -0.05 mmol/l [-0.08, -0.01]; p = 0.007), insulin levels (B = 8.14 pmol/l [0.1.51, 14.78]; p = 0.016) and HOMA-IR (B = 0.49 [0.08, 0.90]; p = 0.020) at 6 months, though not WC. Baseline BST did not substantially predict any metabolic variables at follow-up. No change was seen in sedentary time or BST between baseline and 6 months follow-up. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Higher sedentary time is associated with a poorer metabolic profile in people with type 2 diabetes.
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M. Hugel H, Jackson N, H. May B, C.I. Xue C. Chinese Herbs for Dementia Diseases. Mini Rev Med Chem 2012; 12:371-9. [DOI: 10.2174/138955712800493951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Revised: 06/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Jackson N, Barlow M, Leitch J. Pulmonary Vein Re-connection Following Cryoballoon Ablation. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Andrews RC, Cooper AR, Montgomery AA, Norcross AJ, Peters TJ, Sharp DJ, Jackson N, Fitzsimons K, Bright J, Coulman K, England CY, Gorton J, McLenaghan A, Paxton E, Polet A, Thompson C, Dayan CM. Diet or diet plus physical activity versus usual care in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: the Early ACTID randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2011; 378:129-39. [PMID: 21705068 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle changes soon after diagnosis might improve outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but no large trials have compared interventions. We investigated the effects of diet and physical activity on blood pressure and glucose concentrations. METHODS We did a randomised, controlled trial in southwest England in adults aged 30-80 years in whom type 2 diabetes had been diagnosed 5-8 months previously. Participants were assigned usual care (initial dietary consultation and follow-up every 6 months; control group), an intensive diet intervention (dietary consultation every 3 months with monthly nurse support), or the latter plus a pedometer-based activity programme, in a 2:5:5 ratio. The primary endpoint was improvement in glycated haemoglobin A(1c)(HbA(1c)) concentration and blood pressure at 6 months. Analysis was done by intention to treat. This study is registered, number ISRCTN92162869. FINDINGS Of 593 eligible individuals, 99 were assigned usual care, 248 the diet regimen, and 246 diet plus activity. Outcome data were available for 587 (99%) and 579 (98%) participants at 6 and 12 months, respectively. At 6 months, glycaemic control had worsened in the control group (mean baseline HbA(1c) percentage 6·72, SD 1·02, and at 6 months 6·86, 1·02) but improved in the diet group (baseline-adjusted difference in percentage of HbA(1c) -0·28%, 95% CI -0·46 to -0·10; p=0·005) and diet plus activity group (-0·33%, -0·51 to -0·14; p<0·001). These differences persisted to 12 months, despite less use of diabetes drugs. Improvements were also seen in bodyweight and insulin resistance between the intervention and control groups. Blood pressure was similar in all groups. INTERPRETATION An intensive diet intervention soon after diagnosis can improve glycaemic control. The addition of an activity intervention conferred no additional benefit. FUNDING Diabetes UK and the UK Department of Health.
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Van Nguyen H, Di Girolamo N, Jackson N, Hampartzoumian T, Bullpitt P, Tedla N, Wakefield D. Ultraviolet radiation-induced cytokines promote mast cell accumulation and matrix metalloproteinase production: potential role in cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Scand J Rheumatol 2011; 40:197-204. [DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2010.528020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Itty C, Paymard M, Jackson N, Agahari I, Gunaruwan P, Collins N, Bhagwandeen R. Initial Experience of ExoSeal Vascular Closure Device Following Percutaneous Trans-femoral Coronary Procedures. Heart Lung Circ 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2011.05.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bueno H, Armstrong PW, Buxton MJ, Danchin N, Lubsen J, Roland E, Verheugt FW, Zalewski A, Jackson N, Komajda M, Steg PG, Christoph Bode PWA, Francois Chazelle HBMJB, Nancy Cook-Bruns ND, Pantaleo Giannuzzi NJMK, Pasquale LS, Katrin L, Susan Longman JL, Punet M, Alain Rimailho ER, Sophie R, Luc S, Florence Scheck PGS, Peter S, Frans Van de Werf FWV, Lars Wallentin AZ, Faiez Z. The future of clinical trials in secondary prevention after acute coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J 2010; 32:1583-9. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Chan JA, Mayer RJ, Jackson N, Malinowski P, Regan E, Kulke M. Phase I study of sorafenib in combination with everolimus (RAD001) in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NET). J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e14597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Morris L, Berry K, Wearden AJ, Jackson N, Dornan T, Davies R. Attachment style and alliance in patients with diabetes and healthcare professionals. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2009; 14:585-90. [DOI: 10.1080/13548500903193838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Brackenridge AL, Jackson N, Jefferson W, Stolinski M, Shojaee-Moradie F, Hovorka R, Umpleby AM, Russell-Jones D. Effects of rosiglitazone and pioglitazone on lipoprotein metabolism in patients with Type 2 diabetes and normal lipids. Diabet Med 2009; 26:532-9. [PMID: 19646194 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2009.02729.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Previous studies have suggested that plasma lipids are affected differently by the peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma agonists pioglitazone and rosiglitazone. The aim of this study was to perform a quantitative lipoprotein turnover study to determine the effects of PPAR-gamma agonists on lipoprotein metabolism. METHODS Twenty-four subjects with Type 2 diabetes treated with diet and/or metformin were randomized in a double-blind study to receive 30 mg pioglitazone, 8 mg rosiglitazone or placebo once daily for 3 months. Before and after treatment, absolute secretion rate (ASR) and fractional catabolic rate (FCR) of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apolipoprotein B100 were measured with a 10-h infusion of 1-13C leucine. RESULTS There was a significant decrease in glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)) and non-esterified fatty acids with pioglitazone (P = 0.01; P = 0.02) and rosiglitazone (P = 0.04; P = 0.003), respectively, but no change in plasma triglyceride or high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Following rosiglitazone, there was a significant reduction in VLDL apolipoprotein B100 (apoB) ASR (P = 0.01) compared with baseline, a decrease in VLDL triglyceride/apoB (P = 0.01), an increase in LDL2 cholesterol (P = 0.02) and a decrease in LDL3 cholesterol (P = 0.02). There was a decrease in VLDL triglyceride/apoB (P = 0.04) in the pioglitazone group. There was no significant difference in change in VLDL ASR or FCR among the three groups. CONCLUSIONS In patients with Type 2 diabetes and normal lipids, treatment with rosiglitazone or pioglitazone had no significant effect on lipoprotein metabolism compared with placebo.
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Howard-Jones M, Randall L, Bailey-Squire B, Clayton J, Jackson N. An audit of immunisation status of sickle cell patients in Coventry, UK. J Clin Pathol 2008; 62:42-5. [DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2008.058982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Jackson N, Doherty J, Coulter S. Neuropsychiatric complications of commonly used palliative care drugs. Postgrad Med J 2008; 84:121-6; quiz 125. [DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2007.062117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Franklin FCH, Higgins JD, Sanchez-Moran E, Armstrong SJ, Osman KE, Jackson N, Jones GH. Control of meiotic recombination in Arabidopsis: role of the MutL and MutS homologues. Biochem Soc Trans 2006; 34:542-4. [PMID: 16856855 DOI: 10.1042/bst0340542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Immunocytochemistry reveals that the Arabidopsis mismatch repair proteins AtMSH4, AtMLH3 and AtMLH1 are expressed during prophase I of meiosis. Expression of AtMSH4 precedes AtMLH3 and AtMLH1 which co-localize as foci during pachytene. Co-localization between AtMSH4 and AtMLH3 occurs, but appears transient. AtMLH3 foci are not detected in an Atmsh4 mutant. However, localization of AtMSH4 is unaffected in Atmlh3, suggesting that recombination may proceed to dHj (double Holliday junction) formation. Mean chiasma frequency in Atmsh4 is reduced to 1.55 compared with 9.86 in wild-type. In contrast with wild-type, the distribution of residual crossovers in Atmsh4 closely fits a Poisson distribution. This is consistent with a two-pathway model for meiotic crossing-over whereby most crossovers occur via an AtMSH4-dependent pathway that is subject to interference, with the remaining crossovers arising via an interference-independent pathway. Loss of AtMLH3 results in an approx. 60% reduction in crossovers. Results suggest that dHj resolution can occur, but in contrast with wild-type where most or all dHjs are directed to form crossovers, the outcome is biased in favour of a non-crossover outcome. The results are compatible with a model whereby the MutL complex maintains or imposes a dHj conformation that ensures crossover formation.
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Jackson N, Ridge CA, Delanty N. Imaging in patients with a first seizure. IRISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 2006; 99:173-5. [PMID: 16921822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Neuroimaging has important applications in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with seizures and epilepsy and can contribute to the proper classification of certain epileptic disorders. When a patient presents to the Accident and Emergency Department with a first seizure, the clinician may request brain imaging to determine the cause of the seizure. In new onset seizures or epilepsy with suspected focal pathology, computed tomography (CT) of the brain should be performed if the patient has not fully recovered or if magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not available within a reasonable time period. Otherwise, it is reasonable to forego CT and perform MRI. This report emphasises the need for appropriate imaging for accurate diagnosis of suspected new-onset partial epilepsy.
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