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Zheng R, Niu J, Wu S, Wang T, Wang S, Xu M, Chen Y, Dai M, Zhang D, Yu X, Tang X, Hu R, Ye Z, Shi L, Su Q, Yan L, Qin G, Wan Q, Chen G, Gao Z, Wang G, Shen F, Luo Z, Qin Y, Chen L, Huo Y, Li Q, Zhang Y, Liu C, Wang Y, Wu S, Yang T, Deng H, Chen L, Zhao J, Mu Y, Xu Y, Li M, Lu J, Wang W, Zhao Z, Xu Y, Bi Y, Ning G. Gender and age differences in the association between sleep characteristics and fasting glucose levels in Chinese adults. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2020; 47:101174. [PMID: 32659495 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study examined the associations between night-time sleep duration, midday napping duration and bedtime, and fasting glucose levels, and whether or not such associations are dependent on gender and age. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional analysis of 172,901 adults aged≥40 years living in mainland China. Sleep duration was obtained by self-reports of bedtime at night, waking-up time the next morning and average napping duration at midday. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG)≥7.0mmol/L was defined as hyperglycaemia. Independent associations between night-time sleep duration, midday naptime duration and bedtime with hyperglycaemia were evaluated using regression models. RESULTS Compared with night-time sleep durations of 6-7.9h, both short (<6h) and long (≥8h) night-time sleep durations were significantly associated with an increased risk of hyperglycaemia in women [odds ratio (OR): 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.29 and OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.08-1.21, respectively], and revealed a U-shaped distribution of risk in women and no significant association in men. Long midday nap durations (≥1h) were significantly but weakly associated with hyperglycaemia (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.09) compared with no napping without interactions from gender or age, whereas the association between bedtime and fasting glucose levels did vary according to gender and age. CONCLUSION Night-time sleep duration, midday napping duration and bedtime were all independently associated with the risk of hyperglycaemia, and some of the associations between these sleep characteristics and hyperglycaemia were gender- and age-dependent.
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Zhou H, Hu R, Tang O, Hu C, Tang L, Chang K, Shen Q, Wu J, Zou B, Xiao B, Boxerman J, Chen W, Huang RY, Yang L, Bai HX, Zhu C. Automatic Machine Learning to Differentiate Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumors on Routine MR Imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1279-1285. [PMID: 32661052 PMCID: PMC7357647 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Differentiating the types of pediatric posterior fossa tumors on routine imaging may help in preoperative evaluation and guide surgical resection planning. However, qualitative radiologic MR imaging review has limited performance. This study aimed to compare different machine learning approaches to classify pediatric posterior fossa tumors on routine MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included preoperative MR imaging of 288 patients with pediatric posterior fossa tumors, including medulloblastoma (n = 111), ependymoma (n = 70), and pilocytic astrocytoma (n = 107). Radiomics features were extracted from T2-weighted images, contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images, and ADC maps. Models generated by standard manual optimization by a machine learning expert were compared with automatic machine learning via the Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool for performance evaluation. RESULTS For 3-way classification, the radiomics model by automatic machine learning with the Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool achieved a test micro-averaged area under the curve of 0.91 with an accuracy of 0.83, while the most optimized model based on the feature-selection method χ2 score and the Generalized Linear Model classifier achieved a test micro-averaged area under the curve of 0.92 with an accuracy of 0.74. Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool models achieved significantly higher accuracy than average qualitative expert MR imaging review (0.83 versus 0.54, P < .001). For binary classification, Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool models achieved an area under the curve of 0.94 with an accuracy of 0.85 for medulloblastoma versus nonmedulloblastoma, an area under the curve of 0.84 with an accuracy of 0.80 for ependymoma versus nonependymoma, and an area under the curve of 0.94 with an accuracy of 0.88 for pilocytic astrocytoma versus non-pilocytic astrocytoma. CONCLUSIONS Automatic machine learning based on routine MR imaging classified pediatric posterior fossa tumors with high accuracy compared with manual expert pipeline optimization and qualitative expert MR imaging review.
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Abudureheman M, Simayi R, Aimuroula H, Yan XY, Hu R, Ma Y, Ma JS. Association of Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-formmpb64 gene and lung cancer. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:113-120. [PMID: 30657553 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201901_16755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tuberculosis is one of the most infectious diseases worldwide and lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death. The major contagious agent for tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), has been well studied for its pathogenicity. Even though there are studies showing that patients with a history of tuberculosis are more likely to develop lung cancer, the association between M. tuberculosis and lung cancer largely remains unknown. In this study, we used in situ hybridization to analyze lung tissues from patients who underwent surgical resection or bronchoscopy for the expression of M. tuberculosis-specific gene, mpb64, to provide evidence for the association of M. tuberculosis L-form to the occurrence of lung cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Experiments were conducted in the lung cancer group (80 cases), pulmonary tuberculosis group (80 cases) and pulmonary tuberculosis plus lung cancer group (77 cases). For each group of tissue samples, in situ hybridization was used to detect the expression of mpb64 gene fragment in cell nuclei. RESULTS Mpb64 gene was positively expressed in 45% (CI: 38.63-51.37) of the cancerous cell nuclei. When compared to the expression level of 66.25% (CI: 59.88-72.62) in the pulmonary tuberculosis cells, the difference was statistically significant (p=0.007). However, when compared to the expression of 49.35% (CI: 42.98-55.72) in pulmonary tuberculosis plus lung cancer cells, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.585). Mpb64 gene expression level was independent from the different tissue types, pathological stages, or metastasis situations in the lung cancer group (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The mpb64 gene fragment is highly expressed in the nucleus of pulmonary tuberculosis tissues. Its expression in the nucleus of pulmonary tuberculosis plus lung cancer tissue is significant and the expression in the nucleus of lung cancer tissue is also high. The expression of mpb64 is independent from the various pathological features of the cancerous tissues. Taken all together, we provided evidence for the correlation of M. tuberculosis L form and the occurrence of lung cancer. Thus, patients with a history of tuberculosis may be more likely to develop lung cancer than those without a history of tuberculosis.
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Pan S, Hu R, Fung SF, Long G, Jiang J, Zhang C. Learning Graph Embedding With Adversarial Training Methods. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CYBERNETICS 2020; 50:2475-2487. [PMID: 31484146 DOI: 10.1109/tcyb.2019.2932096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Graph embedding aims to transfer a graph into vectors to facilitate subsequent graph-analytics tasks like link prediction and graph clustering. Most approaches on graph embedding focus on preserving the graph structure or minimizing the reconstruction errors for graph data. They have mostly overlooked the embedding distribution of the latent codes, which unfortunately may lead to inferior representation in many cases. In this article, we present a novel adversarially regularized framework for graph embedding. By employing the graph convolutional network as an encoder, our framework embeds the topological information and node content into a vector representation, from which a graph decoder is further built to reconstruct the input graph. The adversarial training principle is applied to enforce our latent codes to match a prior Gaussian or uniform distribution. Based on this framework, we derive two variants of the adversarial models, the adversarially regularized graph autoencoder (ARGA) and its variational version, and adversarially regularized variational graph autoencoder (ARVGA), to learn the graph embedding effectively. We also exploit other potential variations of ARGA and ARVGA to get a deeper understanding of our designs. Experimental results that compared 12 algorithms for link prediction and 20 algorithms for graph clustering validate our solutions.
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Gessert T, Tao M, Hoffman M, Hu R, Hartig G. Pathologic Analysis of Submandibular Triangle and Jugular Chain Lymph Nodes in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.11.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen T, Hu R, Wan Y, Sun F, Wang Z, Yue J, Chen J, Han G, Wei G, Dong Z. Comprehensive mutanome analysis of Lewis lung cancer reveals immunogenic neoantigens for therapeutic vaccines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:607-613. [PMID: 32115148 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Personalized neoantigen vaccines are capable of eliciting vigorous T-cell responses and have been demonstrated to achieve striking therapeutic effects against cancer. Here we performed comprehensive mutanome analysis of the mouse Lewis lung cancer cells to identify tumor neoantigens followed by prediction of their MHC affinity and immunogenicity. We adopted a strategy that enables us to select neoantigens that were predicted to have high affinity to both MHC I and MHC II. Ten neoantigens were selected to synthesize peptide vaccines and tested in vivo for immunogenicity. Four neoantigen peptide vaccines were found to elicit robust immune reactivity and were further examined for tumor inhibition in mice with xenografted LLC tumors. Two neoantigen peptide vaccines showed significant inhibition on tumor growth and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Our studies explored the neoantigen peptide vaccines to treat lung cancer and provide rationale for the optimization of tumor neoantigen selection for therapeutic vaccines.
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Hu R, van Velthoven MH, Meinert E. Perspectives of People Who Are Overweight and Obese on Using Wearable Technology for Weight Management: Systematic Review. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8:e12651. [PMID: 31929104 PMCID: PMC6996738 DOI: 10.2196/12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a large contributor to preventable chronic diseases and health care costs. The efficacy of wearable devices for weight management has been researched; however, there is limited knowledge on how these devices are perceived by users. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to review user perspectives on wearable technology for weight management in people who are overweight and obese. METHODS We searched the online databases Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane library for literature published from 2008 onward. We included all types of studies using a wearable device for delivering weight-loss interventions in adults who are overweight or obese, and qualitative data were collected about participants' perspectives on the device. We performed a quality assessment using criteria relevant to different study types. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used for randomized controlled trials. The Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) was used for nonrandomized studies. The Oxman and Guyatt Criteria were used for systematic reviews. We used the critical appraisal checklist for qualitative studies. Data were extracted into a data extraction sheet and thematically analyzed. RESULTS We included 19 studies: 5 randomized controlled trials, 6 nonrandomized studies, 5 qualitative studies, and 3 reviews. Mixed perceptions existed for different constructs of wearable technologies, which reflects the differences in the suitability of wearable technology interventions for different individuals in different contexts. This also indicates that interventions were not often tailored to participants' motivations. In addition, very few wearable technology interventions included a thorough qualitative analysis of the participants' view on important features of the intervention that made it successful. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of determining the type of intervention most suitable for an individual before the intervention is used. Our findings could help participants find a suitable intervention that is most effective for them. Further research needs to develop a user-centered tool for obtaining comprehensive user feedback. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42018096932; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=96932.
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Hu R, Zhou ZZ, Sheng CY, Wang L, Liu JH, Han SH, Liu HJ. Surprisingly good thermoelectric performance of a black phosphorus/blue phosphorus van der Waals heterostructure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:22390-22398. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03125a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermoelectric properties of a black phosphorus/blue phosphorus van der Waals heterostructure are investigated by using first-principles calculations and Boltzmann transport theory for both electrons and phonons.
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Cui J, Du X, Wu JH, Jia CQ, Ruan YF, Ning M, Hu R, Lyu J, Dong JZ, Ma CS. [Clinical characteristics of left atrial appendage thrombus in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and non-valvular atrial fibrillation]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2019; 47:956-962. [PMID: 31877590 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the incidence and clinical characteristics of left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) . Methods: Data from 10 440 patients with AF who had undergone transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) before cardioversion or catheter ablation at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from April 2006 to December 2018 were retrospectively screened. Two hundred and five HCM patients were included, 820 AF patients with the same CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score over the same period were selected as the control group. HCM patients were divided into two subgroups based on presence or absence of LAA thrombus/sludge. The baseline of clinical information, transthoracic echocardiographic and TEE measures were compared among all the groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of left atrial diameter (LAD) for LAA thrombus/sludge. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the correlative factors of LAA thrombus/sludge in HCM patients. Results: The incidences of LAA thrombus or sludge were higher in HCM group than in control group (10.7% (22/205) vs. 0.7% (6/820); 8.8% (18/205) vs.7.0% (57/820), P<0.001) . In HCM patients, LAD was significantly larger in LAA thrombus/sludge subjects than in those without thrombus/sludge ((48.9±5.1)mm vs. (45.2±6.1) mm, P<0.001). CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score was similar between the two subgroups ((2.0±1.4) vs. (1.8±1.4), P>0.05). There was no difference in the rate of patients with a CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc scores ≥2 between the subgroups(62.5% (25/40) vs. 57.0% (94/165), P=0.525). The incidences of LAA thrombus in HCM and AF patients with CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc scores of 0, 1 and 2 were 8.8% (3/34) , 9.6% (5/52) , 11.8% (11/119) , respectively; and the rate of LAA sludge were 8.8% (3/52) , 7.7% (4/52) , 9.2% (11/119) , respectively. The cut off value of LAD for the diagnosis of LAA thrombus/sludge was 44.5 mm. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that LAD≥44.5 mm (OR=5.134, 95%CI 1.862-14.156, P=0.002) , non-paroxysmal AF (OR=2.782, 95%CI 1.238-6.252, P=0.013) , previous thromboembolism or stroke (OR=1.820, 95%CI 0.774-4.227, P=0.017) were independent determinants of LAA thrombus/sludge. Conclusions: The incidence of LAA thrombus/sludge is higher in patients with HCM and AF than in AF patients without HCM. The CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score is similar between HCM and AF patients with LAA thrombus/sludge and those without thrombus/sludge. Patients with CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score 0-1 are also likely to suffer LAA thrombus/sludge. Left atrial enlargement is associated with LAA thrombus/sludge.
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Li JL, Hu R, He SZ. [Two cases of laryngeal obstruction with hereditary angioedema]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2019; 54:937-939. [PMID: 31887823 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Hu R. EP1.17-05 Uniportal Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Lobectomy and Segmentectomy for Early Stage Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.2415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Cai M, Ma S, Hu R, Tomberlin JK, Thomashow LS, Zheng L, Li W, Yu Z, Zhang J. Rapidly mitigating antibiotic resistant risks in chicken manure by Hermetia illucens bioconversion with intestinal microflora. Environ Microbiol 2019; 20:4051-4062. [PMID: 30318817 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in animal manure are an environmental concern due to naturally occurring bacteria being exposed to these wastes and developing multidrug resistance. The bioconversion of manure with fly larvae is a promising alternative for recycling these wastes while attenuating ARGs. We investigated the impact of black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) larval bioconversion of chicken manure on the persistence of associated ARGs. Compared with traditional composting or sterile larval treatments (by 48.4% or 88.7%), non-sterile BSF larval treatments effectively reduced ARGs and integrin genes by 95.0% during 12 days, due to rapid decreases in concentrations of the genes and associated bacteria as they passed through the larval gut and were affected by intestinal microbes. After larval treatments, bacterial community composition differed significantly, with the percentage of Firmicutes possibly carrying ARGs reduced by 65.5% or more. On average, human pathogenic bacteria populations declined by 70.7%-92.9%, effectively mitigating risks of these bacteria carrying ARGs. Environmental pH, nitrogen content and antibiotic concentrations were closely related to both bacterial community composition and targeted gene attenuation in larval systems. Selective pressures of larval gut environments with intestinal microbes, larval bacteriostasis and reformulation of manure due to larval digestion contributed to ARG attenuation.
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Zhou Z, Dong L, Tian T, Hu R, Zhao X. LB1059 Squamous cell carcinoma secondary to plantar wart: A case report. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sadigh G, Saindane AM, Waldman AD, Lava NS, Hu R. Comparison of Unenhanced and Gadolinium-Enhanced Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis: Is Contrast Needed for Routine Follow-Up MRI? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1476-1480. [PMID: 31439627 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Gadolinium enhanced MRI is routinely used for follow-up of patients with multiple sclerosis. Our aim was to evaluate whether enhancing multiple sclerosis lesions on follow-up MR imaging can be detected by visual assessment of unenhanced double inversion recovery and FLAIR sequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 252 consecutive MRIs in 172 adult patients with a known diagnosis of multiple sclerosis were reviewed. The co-presence or absence of associated double inversion recovery and FLAIR signal abnormality within contrast-enhancing lesions was recorded by 3 neuroradiologists. In a subset of patients with prior comparisons, the number of progressive lesions on each of the 3 sequences was assessed. RESULTS A total of 34 of 252 MRIs (13%) demonstrated 55 enhancing lesions, of which 52 (95%) had corresponding hyperintensity on double inversion recovery and FLAIR. All lesions were concordant between double inversion recovery and FLAIR, and the 3 enhancing lesions not visible on either sequence were small (<2 mm) and cortical/subcortical (n = 2) or periventricular (n = 1). A total of 17 (22%) of the 76 MRIs with a prior comparison had imaging evidence of disease progression: Ten (59%) of these showed new lesions on double inversion recovery or FLAIR only, 6 (35%) showed progression on all sequences, and 1 (6%) was detectable only on postcontrast T1, being located in a region of confluent double inversion recovery and FLAIR abnormality. CONCLUSIONS There was a high concordance between enhancing lesions and hyperintensity on either double inversion recovery or FLAIR. Serial follow-up using double inversion recovery or FLAIR alone may capture most imaging progression, but isolated enhancing lesions in confluent areas of white matter abnormality could present a pitfall for this approach.
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Pearce B, Hu R, Desmond F, Banyasz D, Jones R, Tan CO. Intraoperative TOE guided management of newly diagnosed severe tricuspid regurgitation and pulmonary hypertension during orthotopic liver transplantation: a case report demonstrating the importance of reversibility as a favorable prognostic factor. BMC Anesthesiol 2019; 19:128. [PMID: 31301738 PMCID: PMC6626629 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-019-0795-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and pulmonary hypertension (PHT) are highly dynamic cardiovascular lesions that may progress rapidly, particularly in the orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) waitlist population. Severe TR and PHT are associated with poor outcomes in these patients, however it is rare for the two to be newly diagnosed intraoperatively at the time of OLT. Without preoperative information on pulmonary vascular and right heart function, the potential for reversibility of severe TR and PHT is unclear, making the decision to proceed to transplant fraught with difficulty. Case presentation We present a case of successful orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in a 48 year old female with severe (PHT) (mean pulmonary arterial pressure > 55 mmHg) and severe TR diagnosed post induction of anaesthesia. The degree of TR was associated with systemic venous pressures of > 100 mmHg resulting in massive haemorrhage during surgery and difficulty in distinguishing venous from arterial placement of vascular access devices. Intraoperative transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) proved crucial in diagnosing functional TR due to tricuspid annular and right ventricular (RV) dilatation, and dynamically monitoring response to treatment. In response to positioning, judicious volatile anaesthesia administration, pulmonary vasodilator therapy and permissive hypovolemia during surgery we noted substantial improvement of the TR and pulmonary arterial pressures, confirming the reversibility of the TR and associated PHT. Conclusion TR and PHT are co-dependent, dynamic, load sensitive right heart conditions that are interdependent with chronic liver disease, and may progress rapidly in patients waitlisted for OLT. Use of intraoperative TOE and pulmonary artery catheterisation on the day of surgery will detect previously undiagnosed severe TR and PHT, enable rapid assessment of the cause and the potential for reversibility. These dynamic monitors permit real-time assessment of the response to interventions or events affecting right ventricular (RV) preload and afterload, providing critical information for prognosis and management. Furthermore, we suggest that TR and PHT should be specifically sought when waitlisted OLT patients present with hepatic decompensation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12871-019-0795-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Li Z, Qian B, Hu R, Chang L, Yang J. An elitist nondominated sorting hybrid algorithm for multi-objective flexible job-shop scheduling problem with sequence-dependent setups. Knowl Based Syst 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2019.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ho C, Chen Y, Ho S, Chen H, Chien C, Chen J, Hsiao C, Chen H, Hu R, Shih D, Lee P. CD34+ stromal vascular fraction was instrumental in mediating hepatic repair regarding gene expression profiles. Cytotherapy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kuang W, Hu R, Fan ZQ, Zhang ZH. Strain-induced rich magnetic phase transitions and enhancement of magnetic stability for O-terminated h-BN nanoribbons. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:145301. [PMID: 30645986 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aafec5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mono-layered h-BN and its derivatives are very important low-dimensional materials, which have been widely investigated so far. Here, we theoretically study the structural stability and magneto-electronic properties of oxygen (O) terminated zigzag-edged h-BN nanoribbons, especially focusing on strain tuning effects. The O dimerization at the B edge of the ribbon enhances the system stability greatly. A Poisson ratio of 0.2 and bearing a strain more than 20% can be reached. In the absence of strain, the O-terminated ribbon is a magnetic metal. However, the rich magnetic phase transitions among the non-magnetic metal, a spin gapless semiconductor, and a wide-gap half-metal can be realized continuously by applying strain in the ferromagnetic state. Thus, based on such a material feature, we can design a magnetic switch device which can work between the magnetic and non-magnetic states by strain modification. Also shown is that the magnetism stability can be enhanced to the level at room temperature upon strain, and the massless Dirac-fermion behavior for the β-spin state can be clearly detected in the spin gapless semiconductor phase under appropriate strains.
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Kuang W, Hu R, Fan ZQ, Zhang ZH. Spin-dependent carrier mobility and its gate-voltage modifying effects for functionalized single walled black phosphorus tubes. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:145201. [PMID: 30593010 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aafb29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorene and its derivatives so far have attracted substantial research interest due to its promising properties for developing nanoscale electronic devices. Here, we present a theoretical investigation on the functionalized features, such as the improved electronic structure and carrier mobility, for armchair-edged single walled black phosphorus nanotubes (PNTs) with the substitutional doping of low-concentration transition-metal atoms (Ti, Mn, Fe, and Ni). They are predicted to be exceptional magnetic semiconductors (MSCs), such as half-semiconductor or bipolar MSC. Their spin-resolved carrier mobility at room temperature holds doping element- dependence as well as carrier and spin polarity. Particularly, the difference by two orders of magnitude for carrier mobility emerges due to different TM doping. More interestingly, the carrier mobility in armchair PNTs serving as the channel material of a spin field effect transistor is predicted to be modified strongly by a gate voltage. The enhanced carrier mobility and its gate voltage direction-dependent behavior, as well as the more obvious carrier and spin polarity of mobility, can be observed clearly under gate voltage, which further facilitates the separation of different carriers and spin states and also suggests that realistic carrier mobility is gate voltage-dependent in a field effect transistor.
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Clarke R, Dixon M, Jin L, Pearce D, Turnbull A, Selli C, Hu R, Zwart A, Wang Y, Xuan J, Sengupta S, Sims A, Liu MC. Abstract P5-04-17: Local network topology differences between early and late recurrence in ER+ breast cancers. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p5-04-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Late recurrence is characteristic of ER+ breast cancers. Despite an apparently effective adjuvant endocrine therapy, many breast cancers recur years after their initial endocrine treatment. Why some tumors recur early (<3 years) and some recur later (>5 years) is poorly understood. If systemic endocrine therapies killed all cells, recurrence would reflect only the appearance of new disease. Thus, we hypothesized that cells that survive and lie dormant may be driven, in part, by altered wiring of their cell death signaling. We, therefore, studied how cell death signaling is differentially wired in primary tumors that will recur early versus those that will recur later.
Method: Genes involved in apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, necrosis, and pyroptosis were identified from KEGG to initiate network feature analysis of gene expression data from public and our first in-house gene expression dataset. Data were collected from ER+ breast cancer pre-endocrine treatment samples with up to 20 years follow-up. Publicly available datasets used were GSE6532, GSE2034, GSE7390, GSE17705, GSE12093, and TCGA. We applied our Knowledge-fused Differential Dependency Network (KDDN) analysis tool to the public datasets; KDDN has provided powerful new insights into signaling in breast and other cancers. Common gene-gene interactions (edges) predicted in at least two different datasets were extracted from all KDDN analyses results. To strengthen the relevance of these features, predicted network edges that represent known protein-protein interactions (PPI) were identified from the STRING database, and these edges were noted in the signaling graphs. Final network graphs were constructed using the common edges from all overlaid networks. We conducted IPA analysis on all nodes in the final network and selected those incorporating network hubs. We took a similar approach to our second in-house dataset, which we used for independent testing. Here, patients were included if their tumor exhibited an initial reduction in volume of at least 40% by four months in response to neo-adjuvant Letrozole. Patients were then classified into two groups during follow-up of up to 3.7 years: i) initial tumor size reduction followed by continued response (expected to recur late); ii) initial reduction followed by tumor regrowth (expected to recur early). KDDN analysis was performed on pretreatment samples from these two groups and a network created annotated with PPI information.
Results: MAPK8 and CYCS (Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer, p=1.58E-52), TNFRSF1A Neuroinflammation Signaling Pathway, p=1.26E-54), RELA, and NFKB1 (Colorectal Cancer Metastasis Signaling, p=7.94E-35), were identified as hubs. Hubs may be critical signaling components driving the differences between tumors that will become dormant and recur late. Connections between SLC25A6 and SQSTM1 (p = 0.008), BIRC2 and GABARAP (p = 0.021) in the early group, and AKT3 and IRS2 (p = 0.014) in the late group, were shared between the two final networks. With longer follow-up time on the second in-house dataset, we will better define the two groups and identify additional common phenotype specific gene-gene interactions.
Citation Format: Clarke R, Dixon M, Jin L, Pearce D, Turnbull A, Selli C, Hu R, Zwart A, Wang Y, Xuan J, Sengupta S, Sims A, Liu MC. Local network topology differences between early and late recurrence in ER+ breast cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-04-17.
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Hu R, Cowie DA. Pacemaker-driven Tachycardia Induced by Electrocardiograph Monitoring in the Recovery Room. Anaesth Intensive Care 2019; 34:266-8. [PMID: 16617652 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0603400221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring devices are known to induce tachycardia in minute-ventilation rate-responsive pacemakers. This is because some monitoring devices measure the same parameter as do the pacemakers (change in thoracic impedance). Hence, the biological signal to the pacemaker is increased and is misconstrued as increased minute ventilation causing tachycardia which resolves when the monitoring device is removed. Whilst this could occur for all minute-volume rate responsive pacemakers, most reported interactions have been with the Telectronics META series. We present a case of an interaction between a Telectronics Tempo DR pacemaker (St. Jude Medical) and an Agilent Patient Care System (Philips). Failure to recognise the true nature and cause of such tachycardias may lead to mismanagement of the patient, including the inappropriate use of cardio-active medications.
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Song B, Hu R, Pei L, Cao Y, Chen P, Sun S, Wang X, Tian X, Guo Y, Xu Y. Dual antiplatelet therapy reduced stroke risk in high-risk patients with transient ischaemic attack assessed by ABCD3-I score. Eur J Neurol 2018; 26:610-616. [PMID: 30414298 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Several clinical trials have demonstrated that dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) benefited patients with transient ischaemic attack (TIA) with an ABCD2 score ≥4. The present study aimed to investigate whether the ABCD3-I score could be a more appropriate tool for selection of patients with TIA to receive DAPT in real-world settings. METHODS We derived data from the TIA database of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The predictive outcome was ischaemic stroke at 90 days. The additive interaction effect was presented by the attributable proportion due to interaction. Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted to present cumulative stroke rates in different risk categories with monotherapy and DAPT. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine risk factors associated with stroke. RESULTS Among 785 patients, the mean (SD) age was 56.95 (12.73) years and 77 patients (9.8%) had an ischaemic stroke at 90 days. A total of 55.8% of patients (attributable proportion due to interaction; 95% confidence interval, 20.8%-90.9%) were attributed to additive interaction of ABCD3-I score and antiplatelet therapy. Kaplan-Meier curves showed a significant difference between patients receiving monotherapy and DAPT in high-risk patients with TIA (P = 0.021). DAPT reduced 90-day stroke risk in high-risk patients with TIA as assessed independently by ABCD3-I score (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.20-0.92, P = 0.031). The benefit did not exist in low- and medium-risk patients by ABCD3-I score (patients with ABCD2 score ≥ 4 or <4). CONCLUSIONS High-risk patients with TIA assessed by ABCD3-I score received the most pronounced clinical benefit from early use of DAPT in real-world clinical experience.
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Luo L, Cao L, Hu R, Xu J, Wang X. [Status and associated factors of rush poppers use among newly-diagnosed HIV-positive men who have sex with men in Wuhan, 2016]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2018; 52:1287-1289. [PMID: 30522232 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Yuan PF, Hu R, Fan ZQ, Zhang ZH. Phagraphene nanoribbons: half-metallicity and magnetic phase transition by functional groups and electric field. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:445802. [PMID: 30132442 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aadc30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanomaterials with the desirable nature are the basis for developing future spintronic devices, and research for them is of fundamental interest. Here, we explore the realization of half-metallicity and magnetic phase transition for phagraphene nanoribbons in virtue of functional groups (OH and CN) with different coverage fractions and external electric fields. The first-principles calculations show that a single-edge CN functionalization only makes a intrinsic spin-degenerate semiconducting ribbon converted to a quasi-metal or metal, while a single-edge OH modification leads to an occurrence of the half-semiconducting nature regardless of the coverage fraction of groups. Interestingly, the half-metal behavior for the CN and OH double-edge modified ribbons can be achieved either in the zero-electric-field intrinsic state for most of functionalized systems or at a very low electric field, 0.1 V Å-1. More importantly, the observed critical electric field for the transition from ferromagnetic to nonmagnetic phase is lowered significantly almost for all systems, this benefits to design a low electric-field-controlling magnetic switch which can reversibly work between both magnetic and nonmagnetic states. The calculated Gibbs free energy confirms that the group-modified ribbons generally hold a more favorable energy stability in most of the cases, facilitating likely experimental realization.
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Yang W, Xia F, Wang J, Hu R, Zhou M, Li G, Yuan Y, Zhang Z. Skeletal Muscle Depletion during Chemoradiotherapy and Radiomics Features as Prognostic Factors of Toxicity and Outcomes in Patients with Gastric Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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