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Lee SY, Niikura T, Iwakura T, Sakai Y, Kuroda R, Kurosaka M. Complete traumatic backout of the blade of proximal femoral nail antirotation: a case report. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2014; 100:441-3. [PMID: 24810495 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2013.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This article presents a rare case of traumatic complete expulsion of the helical blade after successful treatment of an intertrochanteric fracture with proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA). A 94-year-old woman sustained an intertrochanteric fracture of the left femur. Fracture fixation was performed by using PFNA-II. At six months FU, the patient presented with pain at the proximal lateral left thigh after she had fallen. A protrusion was noted. Radiographs showed a complete expulsion of the helical blade with a healed intertrochanteric fracture. The PFNA-II was removed and a cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty was performed. At 5 months after surgery, the patient was able to walk with a walker without pain. Traumatic complete expulsion of the blade should be considered as a possible complication of PFNA/PFNA-II.
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Kim CH, Im KH, Yoo SS, Lee SY, Cha SI, Jung HY, Park JY, Yu W, Lee J. Comparison of the incidence between tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial disease after gastrectomy. Infection 2014; 42:697-704. [PMID: 24817438 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-014-0627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gastrectomy is a well-known risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). However, little data are available regarding the relationship between gastrectomy and the risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease. Here, we investigated the incidence of TB and NTM lung disease in gastrectomized patients. METHOD New cases of TB and NTM lung infection or disease were examined among patients who had undergone gastrectomy due to gastric cancer from 2003 to 2009 at a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea. Annualized incidence rates for cases were compared with those of the general population. RESULTS This study included a total of 2,684 patients. New mycobacterial cases were found in 41 patients. Cases of TB and NTM lung infection were 35 (85 %) and 6 (15 %) including 2 NTM lung disease cases, respectively. Annualized crude incidence rates for TB, NTM lung infection, and NTM lung disease were 327/100,000, 56/100,000, and 19/100,000, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate of TB was significantly higher in gastrectomized patients than in the general population. However, the standardized incidences of NTM lung infection and disease were not significantly different from those of non-gastrectomized patients. Patients with NTM lung infection frequently exhibited comorbid chronic lung disease, while those with TB were more frequently found to have fibronodular lesions on preoperative chest radiography. CONCLUSIONS Gastrectomy does not appear to increase the risk of NTM lung disease. However, NTM lung infection or disease should be considered as a differential diagnosis of pulmonary TB in gastrectomized patients accompanying chronic lung disease.
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Jang JY, Park T, Lee S, Kang MJ, Lee SY, Lee KB, Chang YR, Kim SW. Validation of international consensus guidelines for the resection of branch duct-type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms. Br J Surg 2014; 101:686-92. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Classifications of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) remain ambiguous, especially for the mixed type. Factors predicting malignancy remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of factors predicting malignancy in the new international consensus guidelines for resection of branch duct-type (BD)-IPMN and to compare them with those in the previous version.
Methods
A prospectively collected database of patients with biopsy-proven BD-IPMN was analysed to compare factors between the first and second consensus guidelines, particularly as predictors of malignancy.
Results
Of 350 patients with BD-IPMN, sensitivity (0·724) and balanced accuracy (0·751) of the second guidelines were superior to those (0·639 and 0·730) in the first version at the expense of slightly reduced specificity (0·779 versus 0·822 for the first version) by random forest models. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that main pancreatic duct dilatation greater than 5 mm (hazard ratio (HR) 4·54, 95 per cent confidence interval 2·45 to 8·41; P < 0·001), mural nodules (HR 6·27, 3·27 to 12·01; P < 0·001) and carbohydrate antigen 19–9 level above 37 units/ml (HR 4·03, 1·83 to 8·90; P = 0·001) were independent predictors of BD-IPMN malignancy.
Conclusion
The new consensus guidelines provide better sensitivity, performance of factors predicting malignancy, and balanced accuracy in the diagnosis of BD-IPMN malignancy. Size alone was limited in predicting malignancy. Variability in clinical significance of the individual factors associated with a risk of malignancy indicates the need for a tailored approach in the management of patients with BD-IPMN.
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Choi ML, Begeti F, Oh JH, Lee SY, O'Keeffe GC, Clelland CD, Tyers P, Cho ZH, Kim YB, Barker RA. Dopaminergic manipulations and its effects on neurogenesis and motor function in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 66:19-27. [PMID: 24561069 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder that is classically defined by a triad of movement and cognitive and psychiatric abnormalities with a well-established pathology that affects the dopaminergic systems of the brain. This has classically been described in terms of an early loss of dopamine D2 receptors (D2R), although interestingly the treatments most effectively used to treat patients with HD block these same receptors. We therefore sought to examine the dopaminergic system in HD not only in terms of striatal function but also at extrastriatal sites especially the hippocampus, given that transgenic (Tg) mice also exhibit deficits in hippocampal-dependent cognitive tests and a reduction in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. We showed that there was an early reduction of D2R in both the striatum and dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus in the R6/1 transgenic HD mouse ahead of any overt motor signs and before striatal neuronal loss. Despite downregulation of D2Rs in these sites, further reduction of the dopaminergic input to these sites by either medial forebrain bundle lesions or receptor blockade using sulpiride was able to improve both deficits in motor performance and adult hippocampal neurogenesis. In contrast, a reduction in dopaminergic innervation of the neurogenic niches resulted in impaired neurogenesis in healthy WT mice. This study therefore provides evidence that D2R blockade improves hippocampal and striatal deficits in HD mice although the underlying mechanism for this is unclear, and suggests that agents working within this network may have greater effects than previously thought.
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Lee KY, Kim KW, Baek YJ, Chung DY, Lee EH, Lee SY, Moon JK. Biosorption of uranium(VI) from aqueous solution by biomass of brown algae Laminaria japonica. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2014; 70:136-43. [PMID: 25026591 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2014.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The uranium(VI) adsorption efficiency of non-living biomass of brown algae was evaluated in various adsorption experimental conditions. Several different sizes of biomass were prepared using pretreatment and surface-modification steps. The kinetics of uranium uptake were mainly dependent on the particle size of the prepared Laminaria japonica biosorbent. The optimal particle size, contact time, and injection amount for the stable operation of the wastewater treatment process were determined. Spectroscopic analyses showed that uranium was adsorbed in the porous inside structure of the biosorbent. The ionic diffusivity in the biomass was the dominant rate-limiting factor; therefore, the adsorption rate was significantly increased with decrease of particle size. From the results of comparative experiments using the biosorbents and other chemical adsorbents/precipitants, such as activated carbons, zeolites, and limes, it was demonstrated that the brown algae biosorbent could replace the conventional chemicals for uranium removal. As a post-treatment for the final solid waste reduction, the ignition treatment could significantly reduce the weight of waste biosorbents. In conclusion, the brown algae biosorbent is shown to be a favorable adsorbent for uranium(VI) removal from radioactive wastewater.
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Song HR, Park HS, Yun KE, Cho SH, Choi EY, Lee SY, Kim JH, Sung HN, Kim JH, Choi SI, Yoon YS, Lee ES, Han JH, Shin CI, Chang HM, Bae SC. Gender and age differences in the impact of overweight on obesity-related quality of life among Korean adults. Obes Res Clin Pract 2013; 4:e1-e82. [PMID: 24345622 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2008] [Revised: 07/17/2009] [Accepted: 07/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To investigate gender and age difference in impact of overweight on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among Korean adults. METHODS Cross-sectional obesity-related quality of life (QOL) scores were measured by a Korean obesity-related QOL scale (KOQOL) from 448 Korean adults aged 20-80 years. A body mass index (BMI) was categorized with normal-weight as BMI < 23 kg/m(2), overweight as BMI ≥ 23 kg/m(2) based on the alternative cutoff points for Asians. Each gender was respectively stratified by median age, 45 years for men and 50 years for women, to examine the obesity-related QOL by age groups. RESULTS Women had a poorer obesity-related QOL compared to men (p < 0.001). In the younger age group, overweight women had a poorer obesity-related QOL compared with normal-weight women (p < 0.001), however normal-weight and overweight men showed no difference in obesity-related QOL. In the older age group, overweight men showed better QOL on the domains of work-related and psychosocial health than those for normal-weight men, but overweight women still suffered from work-related and routine life QOL. CONCLUSIONS This study showed the impact of overweight on obesity-related QOL was different for gender and age group. We should consider the results to manage weight in overweight persons.
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You JY, Song EJ, Lee MH, Jung SY, Lee SY, Kang HS, Lee ES. Abstract P1-01-19: Role of axillary clearance with tumor positive sentinel node in mastectomy group: Is the results of ACOSOG Z0011 trial adaptable to mastectomy patient? Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p1-01-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Recent data from ACOSOG Z0011 trial or AMAROS trial suggest that axillary lymph node dissection(ALND) may be unnecessary for patients with positive sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB) receiving breast conserving surgery(BCS) with irradiation. However, consensus statements and guidelines until recently recommended that patients with mastectomy and tumor positive sentinel node undergo completion ALND. In this preliminary study, we compared these patients who did not undergo ALND with the patients who received BCS with SLNB only and irradiation and we analyzed the locoregional recurrence rate to show no differences of outcomes between two groups.
Method: We identified 6,163 women with invasive breast cancer who underwent surgical resection at the National Cancer Center (Goyang,Gyeonggi-do,Korea) between January 2000 to December 2011. Clinico-pathological data obtained from prospective collecting medical database of our institution were analyzed retrospectively. The mastectomy with positive SLNB group was 47 patients and BCS with positive SLNB and irradiation group was 172 patients. The primary end point was loco-regional recurrence rate.
Result : Clinical and tumor characteristics were similar between two groups except T stage and receptor status. The mean tumor size was 5.5cm with mastectomy group and 3.5cm with BCS group. The median number of nodes removed was three. There was not a single case of locoregional recurrence in both groups. At a median follow-up of 53.5 months (last follow-up, May 2013), 5-year overall survival was 85.7% with mastectomy and 97.3% with BCS group.
Conclusion : In our study, there was no case of locoregional recurrence as above. This results lend weight to the argument that SLNB without ALND may be reasonable management for selected patients with appropriate surgery and adjuvant systemic therapy. This study can be regarded as a preliminary study with a sufficient value despite of the prognosis showed some statistical differences between two groups. It resides in the difference of initial stage of patients of two groups. We will present additional data compared with the mastectomy with axillary clearance group at the meeting.
Acknowledgement This work was supported by grant from the National Cancer Center Korea (1210331-2).
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-01-19.
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Lee SY, Tan KH. Antenatally diagnosed congenital diaphragmatic hernia in Singapore: a five-year series. Singapore Med J 2013; 54:661. [PMID: 24276105 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2013229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kim BJ, Lee YS, Lee SY, Park SY, Dieplinger H, Yea K, Lee SH, Koh JM, Kim GS. Afamin stimulates osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption via Gi-coupled receptor and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) pathways. J Endocrinol Invest 2013; 36:876-82. [PMID: 23698732 DOI: 10.3275/8975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Afamin was recently identified as a novel osteoclast-derived coupling factor that can stimulate the in vitro and in vivo migration of preosteoblasts. AIM In order to understand in more detail the biological roles of afamin in bone metabolism, we investigated its effects on osteoclastic differentiation and bone resorption. METHODS Osteoclasts were differentiated from mouse bone marrow cells. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells were considered as osteoclasts, and the resorption area was determined by incubating the cells on dentine discs. The intracellular cAMP level was determined using a direct enzyme immunoassay. Signaling pathways were investigated using western blot and RT-PCR. Recombinant afamin was administered exogenously to bone cell cultures. RESULTS Afamin stimulated both osteoclastogenesis and in vitro bone resorption. Consistently, the expressions of osteoclast differentiation markers were significantly increased by afamin. Although afamin mainly affected the late-differentiation stages of osteoclastogenesis, the expression levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-dependent signals were not changed. Afamin markedly decreased the levels of intracellular cAMP with reversal by pretreatment with pertussis toxin (PTX), a specific inhibitor of Gi-coupled receptor signaling. In addition, PTX almost completely blocked afamin-stimulated osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, pretreatment with KN93 and STO609 - Ca2+/cal - mo dulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) and CaMK kinase inhibitors, respectively - significantly prevented decreases in the intracellular cAMP level by afamin while attenuating afamin-stimulated osteoclastogenesis. CONCLUSION Afamin enhances osteoclastogenesis by decreasing intracellular cAMP levels via Gi-coupled receptor and CaMK pathways.
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Lee KM, Chung CY, Kwon SS, Won SH, Lee SY, Chung MK, Park MS. Ankle fractures have features of an osteoporotic fracture. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24:2819-25. [PMID: 23681087 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-013-2394-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We report the bone attenuation of ankle joint measured on computed tomography (CT) and the cause of injury in patients with ankle fractures. The results showed age- and gender-dependent low bone attenuation and low-energy trauma in elderly females, which suggest the osteoporotic features of ankle fractures. INTRODUCTION This study was performed to investigate the osteoporotic features of ankle fracture in terms of bone attenuation and cause of injury. METHODS One hundred ninety-four patients (mean age 51.0 years, standard deviation 15.8 years; 98 males and 96 females) with ankle fracture were included. All patients underwent CT examination, and causes of injury (high/low-energy trauma) were recorded. Mean bone attenuations of the talus, medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, and distal tibial metaphysis were measured on CT images. Patients were divided into younger age (<50 years) and older age (≥50 years) groups, and mean bone attenuation and causes of injury were compared between the two groups in each gender. RESULTS Proportion of low-energy trauma was higher in the older age group than in the younger age group, but the difference was only significant in female gender (p = 0.011). The older age group showed significantly lower bone attenuation in the talus, medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, and distal tibial metaphysis than the younger age group in both genders. The older age group showed more complex pattern of fractures than the younger age group. With increasing age, bone attenuations tended to decrease and the difference of bone attenuation between the genders tended to increase in the talus, medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, and distal tibial metaphysis. CONCLUSIONS Ankle fracture had features of osteoporotic fracture that is characterized by age- and gender-dependent low bone attenuation. Ankle fracture should not be excluded from the clinical and research interest as well as from the benefit of osteoporosis management.
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Yoon YA, Song JS, Lee SY, Yoon CE, Kang ES. The novel allele HLA-C*03:04:36 identified by sequence-based typing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 82:353-4. [PMID: 24102105 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The new allele, HLA-C*03:04:36, differs from C*03:04:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution at codon 207 (GGC→GGT).
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Jang SY, Shin DY, Lee EJ, Lee SY, Yoon JS. Erratum: Relevance of TSH-receptor antibody levels in predicting disease course in Graves’ orbitopathy: comparison of the third-generation TBII assay and Mc4-TSI bioassay. Eye (Lond) 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/eye.2013.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Sun JM, Kim JR, Do IG, Lee SY, Lee J, Choi YL, Ahn JS, Ahn MJ, Park K. A phase-1b study of everolimus plus paclitaxel in patients with small-cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:1482-7. [PMID: 23963141 PMCID: PMC3776982 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is dysregulated in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and everolimus is an oral mTOR inhibitor. METHODS This phase-1b study assessed everolimus safety at the levels of 2.5, 5, or 10 mg once daily in combination with paclitaxel (175 mg m(-2)) once every 3 weeks in previously treated SCLC patients. The primary end point was to determine the maximum tolerated dose of everolimus. RESULTS Among 21 enrolled patients, common drug-related adverse events were anaemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, pain, hyperglycemia, and stomatitis. Out of 11 evaluable patients treated with everolimus at the level of 5 mg, 1 patient experienced dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of grade 4 febrile neutropenia and grade 3 thrombocytopenia. The other two DLTs (grade 4 thrombocytopenia and grade 3 hyperglycemia) occurred in two out of three patients receiving everolimus 10 mg. The overall objective response rate was 28%. CONCLUSION Everolimus showed an acceptable safety profile and preliminary antitumour activity at the dose of 5 mg once daily when combined with 3-weekly paclitaxel 175 mg m(-2) in patients with SCLC.
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Lee SY, Kumar Y, Cho JM, Kim SW. Low-power passive focus measure operator based on the DCT for mobile phones. THE IMAGING SCIENCE JOURNAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/174313108x344470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Ou SM, Lee SY, Chen JY, Cheng HW, Wei TH, Yu KW, Lin WM, King KL, Yang WC, Ng YY. First identification of Gordonia sputi in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient with Peritonitis. Perit Dial Int 2013; 33:107-8. [PMID: 23349205 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2012.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kim SH, Lee SY, Hong CY, Gwak KS, Park MJ, Smith D, Choi IG. Whitening and antioxidant activities of bornyl acetate and nezukol fractionated from Cryptomeria japonica essential oil. Int J Cosmet Sci 2013; 35:484-90. [PMID: 23714012 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the whitening and antioxidant activities of essential oils from Cryptomeria japonica by determining their tyrosinase inhibition, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities. METHODS Essential oils of C. japonica leaves were extracted with distilled water, and after condensation of volatile constituents, the condensates were extracted with ethyl acetate. Crude essential oils of C. japonica were divided into six fractions by thin layer chromatography and open column chromatography, and their chemical analysis was performed by GC/MS. Major compounds of fractions were composed of kaurene, bornyl acetate, nezukol, (-)-4-terpineol, δ-cadinene, α-terpineol, γ-eudesmol, α-eudesmol and elemol. RESULTS For tyrosinase inhibitory activity using two substrates, l-tyrosine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA), kaurene, bornyl acetate and nezukol were highly effective. In antioxidant activity, (-)-4-terpinenol and δ-cadinene showed high DPPH radical scavenging activity, and bornyl acetate and nezukol indicated extremely high SOD-like activity. CONCLUSION Therefore, bornyl acetate and nezukol fractionated from C. japonica essential oil, which showed highly active whitening and antioxidant activities, have potential applications in cosmeceutical materials.
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Dougal G, Lee SY. Evaluation of the efficacy of low-level light therapy using 1072 nm infrared light for the treatment of herpes simplex labialis. Clin Exp Dermatol 2013; 38:713-8. [PMID: 23731454 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research has shown that low-level light therapy (LLLT) using 1072 nm infrared light is effective in reducing the duration of herpes simplex labialis (HSL) episodes and enhancing the healing process. METHODS This was a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of a 1072 nm light-emitting diode device for the treatment of HSL. In total, 87 patients with recurrent HSL were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. Subjects received a 3-min treatment with either 1072 nm infrared light therapy or placebo (sham) light therapy three times/day for 2 days. The devices used for both groups were identical in appearance and could not be differentiated by volunteers or researchers, and 1072 nm light is invisible to the human eye. The primary endpoint was healing time, which was taken as the time for the HSL lesions to resolve fully and for the underlying skin to become completely re-epithelialized, and the secondary endpoint was lesion crusting. RESULTS The median time to healing for the active group was 129 h, compared with 177 h for the control group, which was significant (P = 0.01). There was no difference between the two groups for median time to lesion crusting (P = 0.66). CONCLUSIONS Compared with placebo treatment, the treatment of HSL lesions with 1072 nm infrared light significantly reduced healing time.
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De Virgilio A, Park YM, Kim WS, Byeon HK, Lee SY, Kim SH. Transoral robotic surgery for the resection of parapharyngeal tumour: our experience in ten patients. Clin Otolaryngol 2013; 37:483-8. [PMID: 23253343 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2012.02525.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yang SD, Jeong KS, Yun HJ, Kim YM, Lee SY, Oh JS, Lee HD, Lee GW. Analysis of flicker noise for improved data retention characteristics in silicon-oxide-high-k-oxide-silicon flash memory using N2 implantation. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 13:3331-3334. [PMID: 23858853 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2013.7294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we fabricate planar-type Silicon-Oxide-High-k-Oxide-Silicon (SOHOS) and the planar-type SOHOS devices with N2 implantation of 3 x 10(15) dose in a tunneling oxide to determine the impact of N2 implantation in the tunneling oxide of a memory device. The N2 implantation device has better retention characteristics than the device with no implantation. In order establish the correlation between N2 implantation and retention characteristic improvement, the low frequency noise (1/f noise) characteristic is investigated. The normalized drain current noise (S(ID)/I(D)2) level of the N2 implantation device is higher than that of the device with no implantation, which means that N2 implantation causes more trap formation near the interface. Considering that N2 implantation does not affect the DC transfer characteristics, such as mobility and sub-threshold slope, this finding indicates that the increase in the 1/f noise level is due to oxide traps rather than to interface traps. Therefore, the retention characteristic improvement in the N2 implantation device can be explained by the generation of higher number of oxide traps and an increase in the potential barrier blocking the leakage path in the tunneling oxide.
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Lee SY, Ng KY, Liu H, Chao HC. Evolution of beam distribution in crossing a Walkinshaw resonance. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:094801. [PMID: 23496717 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.094801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The third-integer coupling resonance at ν(x)-2ν(z)=ℓ, known as the Walkinshaw resonance, is important in high-power accelerators. We find that, when the betatron tunes ramp through a Walkinshaw resonance the fractional emittance growth (FEG) is a universal function of the effective resonance strength: G(1,-2,ℓ)√[ε(xi)]|Δ(ν(x)-2ν(z))/Δn|(-1/2), where G(1,-2,ℓ) is the resonance strength; ε(xi) and ε(zi) are the initial horizontal and vertical emittances, respectively; and |Δ(ν(x)-2ν(z))/Δn| is the resonance crossing rate per revolution. At large effective resonance strengths, the FEG reaches an asymptotic maximum value (FEG)(max)~2ε(xi)/ε(zi) for ε(xi)>>1/2ε(zi) or ε(zi)/(2ε(xi)) for ε(xi)<<1/2ε(zi). There is little emittance exchange at ε(xi)=1/2ε(z), which can be used to minimize emittance growth in crossing a Walkinshaw resonance.
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Kang HS, Hong SN, Kim YS, Park HS, Kim BK, Lee JH, Kim SI, Lee TY, Kim JH, Lee SY, Sung IK, Shim CS. The efficacy of i-SCAN for detecting reflux esophagitis: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Dis Esophagus 2013; 26:204-11. [PMID: 23009249 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2012.01427.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
New imaging technologies have been applied in endoscopy to improve the detection and differentiation of subtle mucosal changes using a digital contrast method. Among them, i-SCAN technology is the most recently developed image-enhancing technology. We investigated whether i-SCAN could improve the detection rate of reflux esophagitis. Interobserver agreement between endoscopists was compared with conventional white light (WL) endoscopic examination. We performed a prospective randomized controlled trial. A consecutive series of 514 subjects that underwent an esophagogastroduodenoscopy for health inspection were enrolled and randomized into the i-SCAN group (n = 246) and WL group (n = 268). An esophagogastroduodenoscopy with video recording was used for detecting reflux esophagitis, and reflux esophagitis were categorized by the modified Los Angeles (LA) classification. The total number of reflux esophagitis identified by WL and i-SCAN was 58 (21.7%) and 74 (30.1%), respectively. The diagnostic yield of reflux esophagitis was significantly higher (P = 0.034) in the i-SCAN group (30.1%) as compared to the WL group (21.6%). Using the modified LA classification, the detection rate of minimal changes was significantly higher (P = 0.017) in the i-SCAN group (11.8%) as compared to the WL group (5.6%), but the detection rates of LA-A and LA-B were not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.897 and P = 0.311, respectively). After comparison of the interobserver agreement using randomly selected video clips, the i-SCAN group showed better agreement than the WL group (Kappa value, 0.793 vs. 0.473). Compared to WL endoscopy, applying i-SCAN in daily practice can improve the diagnostic yield of reflux esophagitis by detecting more minimal changes in the squamo-columnar junction of the esophagus and can improve the interobserver agreement of the modified Los Angeles classification.
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Kim CH, Lim JK, Lee SY, Won DI, Cha SI, Park JY, Lee WK, Lee J. Predictive factors for tuberculosis in patients with a TB-PCR-negative bronchial aspirate. Infection 2013; 41:187-94. [PMID: 23283746 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-012-0394-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), with a tuberculosis (TB)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-negative bronchial aspirate (BA), but a positive culture result is often encountered in clinical practice. However, limited data are available concerning clinical judgment in patients with suspected PTB and a TB-PCR-negative BA pending culture results. The present study aimed to identify predictors for PTB in patients with a TB-PCR-negative BA. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on patients who had undergone a bronchoscopy because of suspected PTB. Clinical, laboratory, and computed tomography (CT) findings were investigated in PTB patients with TB-PCR-negative but positive culture BA results, and non-PTB patients with a radiographic lesion comparable to the former. RESULTS Of 250 patients screened, 31 (12 %) were diagnosed with PTB by positive culture results only. Of these 31 patients, 30 (97 %) had a lesion within one-third of the hemithorax as determined by chest radiography. In the final analysis of 30 PTB and 65 non-PTB patients with comparable radiographic lesions, a positive QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT) result was independently associated with an increased risk of a positive TB culture. CT findings of consolidation were a negative predictor for PTB. Patients with a negative QFT result and consolidation had a negative predictive value of 95 % for PTB, while patients with a positive QFT result and nodular CT abnormalities without consolidation had a positive predictive value of 86 % for PTB. CONCLUSION The simple combination of CT findings of consolidation and QFT test results may help clinicians to refine decision-making in patients with a TB-PCR-negative BA.
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Lee SY, Maniquiz MC, Choi JY, Jeong SM, Kim LH. Seasonal nutrient uptake of plant biomass in a constructed wetland treating piggery wastewater effluent. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2013; 67:1317-1323. [PMID: 23508157 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2013.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The surface-flow constructed wetland (CW) located in Nonsan City, South Korea, and constructed as the final stage of a piggery wastewater treatment plant that aims to treat high nutrient content effluent during dry days and stormwater runoff during wet days was monitored from October 2008 to November 2011. This research investigated the seasonal nutrient uptake of plant biomass in the CW and nutrient concentration changes in each treatment region under monsoon and temperate climate conditions. Results showed that the mean total nitrogen removal during summer (June to August) was higher by 13% than in spring (March to May), while total phosphorus removal was higher by 22% in fall (September to November) than in winter (December to February). All plants in the CW reached their maximum biomass coverage and weight in summer and minimum growth in winter. The highest N and P content in plants occurred in September with 583.2 g/m(2) and August with 62.0 g/m(2), respectively. Based on the results, it is recommended that the harvesting of plants should be conducted during the time of the peak nutrient uptake and before the plants release the nutrient content back to the CW. The dependence of nutrient removal efficiency on plants is not so significant. In order to increase the nutrient removal rate by plant uptake, it is suggested that the treatment regions in the CW be covered by plants.
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Mitchell EP, Avery TP, Jaslow RC, Berger AC, Lee SY, Vaughan-Briggs C, Bonat J. Abstract P5-14-03: Breast cancer screening and follow-up of abnormal mammogram results: A population-based study comparing results from an urban university cancer center to a national database. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p5-14-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: To improve access to screening, the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) was developed through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to provide low-income, and uninsured underserved women access to timely breast and cervical cancer screening and diagnostic services. This population-based study investigates the demographics and diagnostic outcomes of women who underwent breast cancer screening through this program established at an urban university cancer center compared to data obtained from the national program database.
Methods: The Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson (KCC) launched its screening program with resources from the CDC, the State of Pennsylvania, and the Susan G. Komen Foundation in 2008. The core of the program is staff lead by a Social Worker/Navigator who connects patients to education and screening services, institutional information and guidance, and follow-up to minimize barriers to access, lessen dropout, and ensure follow-through for timely diagnosis and treatment. Working with our Community-Based partner organizations, uninsured and underinsured women in Philadelphia are able to seamlessly travel from education and screening through to treatment and support. All KCC patients evaluated through this program from 2008–2011 were included and records of the NBCCDP database 2006–2010 for this study and analyses.
Results: KCC has a substantially larger African American (54.44% vs. 13.8%), smaller Hispanic (8.59% vs. 27.6%), larger percentage of abnormal mammograms (25.96% vs. 14%), higher breast cancer diagnosed per mammogram (2.13 vs 1.0) and a much younger population than the national cohort. Fewer than 1% of KCC patients have been lost to follow-up.
Conclusions: The KCC Breast and Cervical Screening and Treatment Program Services reaches a highly vulnerable and at-risk population, has a higher abnormal mammogram and breast cancer detection rate, and a higher continued participation rate than the national cohort. The Social/Worker/Navigator has a distinct role in providing follow-up for abnormal findings to minimize no-shows by providing creative problem-solving, support, counseling, finding resources to minimize barriers, and contributes significantly to the ease of operation and the continued participation of patients in the program.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-14-03.
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Chung BN, Choi YJ, Choi KH, Do YS, Lee SY. First Report of Stolbur Phytoplasma Infection in Commercial Freesia hybrida Cultivars. PLANT DISEASE 2012; 96:1820. [PMID: 30727291 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-12-0677-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In January 2012, disease symptoms including chlorosis, leaf crinkle, leaf curving and stunting of whole plants, virescence, and curving and necrosis of flower stalks were observed in Freesia hybrida cvs. Evone, Honey Moon, Golden Gem, and Pallas in Icheon and Suwon (Gyeonggi Province in Korea). To determine a possible phytoplasma infection, the symptomatic freesia plants were examined for the presence of phytoplasma 16S rDNA fragment by PCR with the primer pair P1/P6 (2) and R16F1/R16R1 (in nested PCR), which amplifies phytoplasma 16S rDNA regions (4). An expected PCR product of ~1,096 bp was obtained from the symptomatic freesia plants, and they were designated as FreLN, Fre-phy-Ev4, Fre-phy-Ev6, Fre-phy-GG, Fre-phy-HM, and Fre-phy-Pal. The PCR products were sequenced and registered as GenkBank accessions AB695174 and AB709951-55. The sequence corresponding to symptomatic freesia had 98.8 to 99.4% identity with Stolbur phytoplasma strains in the 16S rDNA region, and it had only 95.7 to 96.3% identity with AY phytoplasma strains. In the ultra-thin sections of the leaf midribs, globous phytoplasmal bodies 54 to 214 nm in size were observed in sieve tube elements of phloem tissue. Fre-Phy-Ev6 and Fre-Phy-HM were doube-infected with Stolbur phytoplasma and Freesia mosaic virus (FreMV). Fre-Phy-Ev6 and Fre-Phy-HM revealed necrosis of flower stalks and flower color breaking besides curving of flower stalks. Therefore, flower color breaking and flower stalk necrosis were assumed to be caused by FreMV (1). Symptoms of chlorosis and stunting of whole plants shown in FreLN and virescence of Fre-phy-GG were typical symptoms of phytoplasmal diseases, while leaf crinkle, leaf curving, and curving of flower stalks appeared to be unique symptoms in F. hybrida. Stolbur phytoplasma was abundant in commercial freesia cultivation fields. Some of the cultivars, such as cv. Pallas, showed only curving of leaf and flower stalks without any typical symptom of phytoplasmal diseases. A phytoplasmal disease was reported in Poland in 2001 from F. hybrida exhibiting leaf chlorotic and necrotic spots, and classified as AY I-B based on RFLP analysis of PCR products (3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of Stolbur phytoplasma in F. hybrida. This result is significant because F. hybrida could be the infection source of Stolbur phytoplasma disease in floricultural crops. Interestingly, we found a prevalence of Stolbur phytoplasma in Petunia hybrida cultivars (GenBank Accession Nos. AB713757 to AB713758). High nucleotide sequence identity of 99.8% in the 16S rDNA region of Stolbur phytoplasma isolates from petunia and freesia support the inference that those Stolbur phytoplasma isolates could infect both floricultural crops. References: (1) A. A. Brunt. Freesia. Page 274 in: Virus and virus-like Diseases of Bulb and Flower Crops, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 1995. (2) S. Deng and C. Hiruki. J. Microbiol. Methods. 14:53, 1991. (3) M. Kamińska and H. Sliwa. Plant Dis. 85:336, 2001. (4) I. M. Lee et al. Phytopathology 84:559, 1994.
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Kuo WK, Lee SY, Ma SM, Ling TA, Wu CC. Correlation of hematologic factors to carotid intima-media thickness in men and women: a study of 2767 asymptomatic subjects of Taiwan. ACTA NEUROLOGICA TAIWANICA 2012; 21:158-164. [PMID: 23329546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A correlation between carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and blood cells has not been well documented. Studies of a possible relationship between blood cell components and left (Lt) and right (Rt) side CIMT in asymptomatic men and women in Taiwan have not been conducted previously. The study aims to correlate factors of complete blood cells (CBC) to CIMT for men and women. METHODS Data collection from 2767 asymptomatic healthy checkup individuals, age 35-75, 1517 men and 1250 women, were separated into four groups: CIMTML (men's Lt), CIMTMR (men's Rt), CIMTWL (women's Lt), and CIMTWR (women's Rt) for analysis of CBC factors vs. CIMT. A cut-off point for each factor was examined for the existence of significant differences in CIMT for individuals among the four test groups who had abnormal CBC data. RESULTS The regression equations of eight CBC factors vs. CIMT of four groups calculated as R2adj range were from 70.5% to 79.4%. Further comparison of CIMT in different groups by cut points of CBC factors showed significant differences in red blood cells (RBC) and platelets (PLT), but not in white blood cells (WBC). CONCLUSION Higher RBC, and lower mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were associated with lower CIMT in asymptomatic men in Taiwan. Further studies to confirm these differences are warranted.
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Ahn IE, Ju JH, Lee SY, Park JS, Oh HJ, Kim HR, Lee SH, Park SH, Kim HY, Cho ML. Upregulation of stromal cell-derived factor by IL-17 and IL-18 via a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent pathway. Scand J Immunol 2012; 76:433-9. [PMID: 22690919 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2012.02745.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Th17 cells that produce interleukin (IL)-17 play a key role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune inflammation. Among the various cytokines that are involved in the IL-17 pathway, members of the IL-1β family, including IL-18, have recently gained attention. In this study, we stimulated synovial fibroblasts with a combination of IL-17 and IL-18 and quantified their stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) production by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and their transcript levels by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Both IL-17 and IL-18 significantly increased the level of SDF-1, not only individually but also synergistically (P< 0.05). The synergism was effectively suppressed by anti-IL-17 and -IL-18 antibodies, and a PI3K inhibitor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of PI3K-dependent synergism between IL-18 and IL-17, and this work adds a novel perspective of the role of IL-18 in immune regulation. The individual effects of these two cytokines, and their interactions, suggest an interrelationship between the IL-1 family and IL-17.
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Lee SY, Park HR, Cho NH, Choi YP, Rha SY, Park SW, Kim SH. Identifying genes related to radiation resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012. [PMID: 23196067 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2012.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Radioresistance is one of the main determinants of treatment outcome in oral cancer, but the prediction of radioresistance is difficult. The authors aimed to establish radioresistant oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines to identify genes with altered expression in response to radioresistance. To induce radioresistant cell lines, the authors treated OSCC cell lines with an accumulated dosage of 60Gy over 30 cycles of radiotherapy. They compared the results from cDNA arrays and proteomics between non-radiated and radioresistant cell lines in order to identify changes in gene expression. Western blot analysis was used to validate the results. The cDNA array revealed 265 commonly up-regulated genes and 268 commonly down-regulated genes in radioresistant cell lines, 30 of which were cancer-related genes. Proteomics identified 51 proteins with commonly altered expression in radioresistant cell lines, 18 of which were cancer-related proteins. Both the cDNA array and proteomics indicated that NM23-H1 and PA2G4 were over-expressed. Western blot analysis showed increased expression of NM23-H1, but not PA2G4, in radioresistant cell lines. The authors concluded that NM23-H1 may be a radioresistance-related gene and over-expression of NM23-H1 could serve as a biomarker to predict radioresistance in OSCC.
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Oh HJ, Park EJ, Lee SY, Soh JW, Kong IS, Choi SW, Ra JC, Kang SK, Lee BC. Comparison of cell proliferation and epigenetic modification of gene expression patterns in canine foetal fibroblasts and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Prolif 2012; 45:438-44. [PMID: 22925503 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00838.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compared rate of cell proliferation, viability, cell size, expression patterns of genes related to pluripotency and epigenetic modification between canine foetal fibroblasts (cFF) and canine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cAd-MSC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Proliferation pattern, cell viability as well as cell size at each passage of cFF and cAd-MSC were measured when cultures reached confluence. In addition, real-time PCR was performed to investigate expression of Dnmt1, HDAC1, OCT4, SOX2, BAX, BCL2 genes with reference to β-actin gene expression as an endogenous control in both cell lines. RESULTS cFF and cAd-MSC differed in number of generations, but not in doubling times, at all passages. Mean cell size of cAd-MSC was significantly smaller than that of cFF. Cell viability was significantly lower in cFFs and apoptotic level was significantly lower in cAd-MSC compared to passage-matched cFF. In the expression of genes related to pluripotency and epigenetic modification, level of HDAC1 in cAd-MSC was significantly higher than in cFF, but expression of Dnmt1 did not differ between the two groups. OCT4 and SOX2 were significantly more highly expressed in cAd-MSC compared to cFF. CONCLUSIONS cAd-MSC have higher stem-cell potential than cFF in terms of proliferation patterns, epigenetic modification and pluripotency, thus cAd-MSC could be more appropriate than cFF as donors of nuclei in somatic cell nuclear transfer for transgenesis.
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Chung JY, Hwang CY, Chae JS, Ahn JO, Kim TH, Seo KW, Lee SY, Youn HY. Zonisamide monotherapy for idiopathic epilepsy in dogs. N Z Vet J 2012; 60:357-9. [DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2012.680855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Chang KW, Lin MC, Lee SY, Chen HY, Chen CC, Fu YK. Effects of [123I]ADAM, a serotonin transporter radiopharmaceutical, on pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats. Appl Radiat Isot 2012; 70:2646-51. [PMID: 22960183 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin transport abnormalities are implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. [(123)I]ADAM ([(123)I]-2-([2-({dimethylamino}methyl)phenyl]thio)-5-iodophenylamine) is a novel radiotracer that targets serotonin transporters. We assessed the toxicity of [(123)I]ADAM (18.5 MBq) administered in early- and late-phases (8 and 14 day postfertilization, respectively) of pregnancy. The mortality, clinical status, and gross necropsy were measured in pregnant rats, and the fertility index was measured in rat offspring (weight, clinical observations). We found no dosing-related clinical signs. In conclusion, [(123)I]ADAM was not toxic in an animal pregnancy model.
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Kim YH, Lee SY, Sagong HG, Heu S, Ryu S, Kang DH. Development and evaluation of a new device to effectively detach micro-organisms from food samples. Lett Appl Microbiol 2012; 55:256-62. [PMID: 22803600 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2012.03289.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To develop a new instrument of great versatility for recovering micro-organisms from all types of food samples and to compare the effects with existing sample preparation methods. METHODS AND RESULTS To detach micro-organisms from large-size unbroken food samples such as apples, carrots, potatoes and tomatoes without preprocessing, the Spindle apparatus was newly developed. The Spindle was used to effectively detach micro-organisms from large-size samples. In a comparative study involving 51 food samples, treatment with the Spindle and Stomacher showed that recovery of total aerobic micro-organisms (naturally occurring mesophilic microflora) and foodborne pathogens (from samples inoculated with Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes) for both methods was highly correlated (R² = 0·98). Furthermore, diluents treated by the Spindle contained much less food debris than those treated by stomaching. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that Spindle is a novel, effective alternative method for detaching micro-organisms from food samples including four kinds of large-size samples without the need for preprocessing. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY The Spindle might be used to widely detaching micro-organisms from all types of food samples for microbiological assay.
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Kim YM, Jeong KS, Yun HJ, Yang SD, Lee SY, Kim MJ, Kwon OS, Jeong CW, Kim JY, Kim SC, Lee GW. Electrical characteristic analysis using low-frequency noise in low-temperature polysilicon thin film transistors. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 12:5532-5536. [PMID: 22966605 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2012.6336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study carried out an electrical characteristic analysis using low-frequency noise (LFN) in top gate p-type low-temperature polysilicon thin film transistors (LTPS TFTs) with different active layer thicknesses between 40 nm and 80 nm. The transfer characteristic curves show that the 40-nm device has better electrical characteristics compared with the 80-nm device. The carrier number fluctuation, with and without correlated mobility fluctuation model in both devices, has modeled well the measured noise. On the other hand, the trap density and coulomb scattering in the 40-nm device are smaller compared with the 80-nm device. To confirm the effectiveness of the LFN noise analysis, the trap densities at a grain boundary are extracted using in both devices the similar methods of Proano et al. and Levinson et al. That is, coulomb scattering, caused by the trapped charges at or near the interface, has a greater effect on the device with inferior electrical properties. Based on the LFN and the quantitative analysis of the trap density at a grain boundary, the interface traps between the active layer and the gate insulator can explain the devices' electrical degradation.
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Lee JH, Oh YM, Seo JB, Lee YK, Kim WJ, Sheen SS, Kim TH, Lee JH, Kim EK, Lee JS, Huh JW, Lim SY, Yoon HI, Shin TR, Lee SM, Lee SY, Lee SD. Pulmonary artery pressure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease without resting hypoxaemia. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 15:830-7. [PMID: 21575307 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.10.0598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can lead to pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale, which are predictors of mortality. OBJECTIVE To identify predictors of increased pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) in COPD patients without resting hypoxaemia, and to characterise COPD patients with increased PAP. DESIGN A study of 117 COPD patients from the Korean Obstructive Lung Disease (KOLD) cohort who had measurable tricuspid regurgitant flow under transthoracic Doppler echocardiography and no resting hypoxaemia. RESULTS The mean patient age was 67 years. Mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) was 47% predicted, mean haemoglobin (Hb) concentration was 145 g/l and mean systolic PAP (sPAP) was 33 mmHg. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that Hb was the only factor independently associated with sPAP (beta = -1.752, P = 0.005). Cluster analysis using FEV(1)% predicted, sPAP and Hb concentration as variables indicated three patient clusters: Cluster 1 (n = 36; mean FEV(1) 44% predicted, mean sPAP 39 mmHg, mean Hb 132 g/l), Cluster 2 (n = 45; FEV(1) 35% predicted, sPAP 31 mmHg, Hb 154 g/l), and Cluster 3 (n = 36; FEV(1) 65% predicted, sPAP 29 mmHg, Hb 148 g/l). CONCLUSION Elevated PAP was linked to low haemoglobin levels in COPD without resting hypoxaemia.
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Lee SY, Kwon JW, Seo JH, Song YH, Kim BJ, Yu J, Park KS, Kim H, Kim EJ, Lee JS, Hong SJ. Prevalence of atopy and allergic diseases in Korean children: associations with a farming environment and rural lifestyle. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2012; 158:168-74. [PMID: 22286539 DOI: 10.1159/000330820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The results of recent studies suggest that factors in rural environments may protect against the development of allergic diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of allergic diseases, to establish if this prevalence is influenced by migration from rural to urban areas and to identify environmental risk factors associated with these diseases. METHODS A cross-sectional study of children aged 9-12 years from a rural village, a rural town and an urban city in Korea was conducted. Demographic and disease-related information was obtained via a detailed questionnaire, and skin prick tests were performed. RESULTS There were significant differences in lifestyle and environmental factors between children from the rural village, the rural town and the urban children. The prevalence of allergic diseases and atopy was higher in urban children. A lower prevalence of allergic diseases and atopy was associated with farming parents, contact with farm animals during pregnancy, owning pets or a stable, breast-feeding and having older siblings. A comparison of rural village and rural town children revealed no evidence of an association of allergic diseases and atopy with farming parents, contact with farm animals during pregnancy or owning a stable. On the other hand, having older siblings and antibiotic use during infancy were significantly associated with allergic diseases and atopy in these children. CONCLUSIONS Protective factors associated with a farming environment and/or rural lifestyle may influence the prevalence of allergic diseases and atopy in Korean children.
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Kim SJ, Yoon DW, Lee EJ, Hur GY, Jung KH, Lee SY, Lee SY, Shin C, Shim JJ, In KH, Kang KH, Yoo SH, Kim JH. Carotid atherosclerosis in patients with untreated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 15:1265-70, i. [PMID: 21943856 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.10.0680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with systemic inflammation. OBJECTIVE To evaluate carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and their correlation in newly diagnosed untreated patients with COPD. DESIGN Post-bronchodilator spirometry, carotid artery IMT and blood tests were measured in patients with COPD (COPD group). Age, sex, body mass index, smoking status and smoking amount were compared with matched healthy subjects (non-COPD group). Participants taking medications and/or with a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, COPD or cardiovascular disease were excluded. RESULTS A total of 126 patients (COPD group 42, non-COPD group 84) were enrolled. The IMT and hsCRP of the COPD group were significantly higher than in the non-COPD group (P < 0.05). The decrease in the forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity (FEV(1)/FVC) ratio and FEV(1) was significantly correlated with an increase in the hsCRP and IMT (P < 0.05); there was no correlation between the IMT and hsCRP (P = 0.152). CONCLUSION In newly diagnosed untreated patients with COPD, the carotid artery IMT and hsCRP were significantly higher than in healthy subjects. These findings suggest that systemic inflammation may play a potential role in preclinical atherosclerosis in COPD.
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Lee SK, Lee S, Shin SY, Ryu PD, Lee SY. Single cell analysis of voltage-gated potassium channels that determines neuronal types of rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus neurons. Neuroscience 2012; 205:49-62. [PMID: 22245500 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), a site for the integration of both the neuroendocrine and autonomic systems, has heterogeneous cell composition. These neurons are classified into type I and type II neurons based on their electrophysiological properties. In the present study, we investigated the molecular identification of voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels, which determines a distinctive characteristic of type I PVN neurons, by means of single-cell reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) along with slice patch clamp recordings. In order to determine the mRNA expression profiles, firstly, the PVN neurons of male rats were classified into type I and type II neurons, and then, single-cell RT-PCR and single-cell real-time RT-PCR analysis were performed using the identical cell. The single-cell RT-PCR analysis revealed that Kv1.2, Kv1.3, Kv1.4, Kv4.1, Kv4.2, and Kv4.3 were expressed both in type I and in type II neurons, and several Kv channels were co-expressed in a single PVN neuron. However, we found that the expression densities of Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 were significantly higher in type I neurons than in type II neurons. Taken together, several Kv channels encoding A-type K+ currents are present both in type I and in type II neurons, and among those, Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 are the major Kv subunits responsible for determining the distinct electrophysiological properties. Thus these 2 Kv subunits may play important roles in determining PVN cell types and regulating PVN neuronal excitability. This study further provides key molecular mechanisms for differentiating type I and type II PVN neurons.
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Choi JY, Maniquiz MC, Geronimo FK, Lee SY, Lee BS, Kim LH. Development of a horizontal subsurface flow modular constructed wetland for urban runoff treatment. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2012; 66:1950-1957. [PMID: 22925868 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2012.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) are well recognized as having low construction and maintenance cost and low energy requirement. However, CW design has been mainly based on rule-of-thumb approaches. In this study, the efficiency of a modular horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) CW using four different design schemes was investigated. Based on the results, the four systems have attained more than 90% removal of total suspended solids and more than 50% removal efficiency for total phosphorus, PO(4)-P and Zn. The planted system achieved higher pollutant removal rates than the unplanted system. In terms of media, bottom ash was more effective than woodchip in reducing the pollutants. Considering the flow length, optimum removal efficiency was achieved after passing the sedimentation tank and vertical media layer; with respect to depth, more pollutants were removed in the upper sand layer than in the lower gravel layer. This study recommended a surface area of 0.25 to 0.8% of catchment area for planted CW and 0.26 to 0.9% for unplanted CW using the 7.5 to 10 mm design rainfall.
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Maniquiz MC, Lee SY, Choi JY, Jeong SM, Kim LH. Treatment performance of a constructed wetland during storm and non-storm events in Korea. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2012; 65:119-126. [PMID: 22173415 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2011.843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of a free water surface flow constructed wetland (CW) in treating agricultural discharges from stream was investigated during storm and non-storm events between April and December, 2009. Physico-chemical and water quality constituents were monitored at five sampling locations along the flow path of the CW. The greatest reduction in pollutant concentration was observed after passing the sedimentation zone at approximately 4% fractional distance from the inflow. The inflow hydraulic loading, flow rates and pollutant concentrations were significantly higher and variable during storm events than non-storm (baseflow) condition (p <0.001) that resulted to an increase in the average pollutant removal efficiencies by 10 to 35%. The highest removal percentages were attained for phosphate (51 ± 22%), ammonium (44 ± 21%) and phosphorus (38 ± 19%) while nitrate was least effectively retained by the system with only 25 ± 17% removal during non-storm events. The efficiency of the system was most favorable when the temperature was above 15 °C (i.e., almost year-round except the winter months) and during storm events. Overall, the outflow water quality was better than the inflow water quality signifying the potential of the constructed wetland as a treatment system and capability of improving the stream water quality.
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Lee SY, Maniquiz MC, Choi JY, Kang JH, Kim LH. Phosphorus mass balance in a surface flow constructed wetland receiving piggery wastewater effluent. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2012; 66:712-718. [PMID: 22766857 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2012.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate the phosphorus forms present in water, soil and sediment and to estimate the phosphorus mass balance in a surface flow constructed wetland (CW). Water quality and sediment samples were collected from each cell along the hydrologic path in the CW from October 2008 to December 2010. At the same time, three dominant plant species (e.g. common reed and cattails) were observed through the measurement of the weight, height and phosphorus content. Based on the results, the orthophosphate constituted 24-34% of total phosphorus in water for each cell. The overall average phosphorus removal efficiency of the CW was approximately 38%. The average inflow and outflow phosphorus loads during the monitoring period were 1,167 kg/yr and 408 kg/yr, respectively. The average phosphorus retention rate was 65%, was mainly contributed by the settling of TP into the bottom sediments (30%). The phosphorus uptake of plants was less than 1%. The estimated phosphorus mass balance was effective in predicting the phosphorus retention and release in the CW treating wastewater. Continuous monitoring is underway to support further assessment of the CW system and design.
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Maniquiz MC, Choi JY, Lee SY, Kang CG, Yi GS, Kim LH. System design and treatment efficiency of a surface flow constructed wetland receiving runoff impacted stream water. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2012; 65:525-532. [PMID: 22258685 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2012.869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study reported the efficiency of a free water surface flow constructed wetland (CW) system that receives runoff impacted stream water from a forested and agricultural watershed. Investigations were conducted to examine the potential effect of hydraulic fluctuations on the CW as a result of storm events and the changes in water quality along the flow path of the CW. Based on the results, the incoming pollutant concentrations were increased during storm events and greater at the near end of the storm than at the initial time of storm. A similar trend was observed to the concentrations exiting the CW due to the wetland being a relatively small percentage of the watershed (<0.1%) that allowed delays in runoff time during storm events. The concentrations of most pollutants were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) except for nitrate (p = 0.5). Overall, this study suggests that the design of the system could feasibly function for the retention of most pollutants during storm events as the actual water quality of the outflow was significantly better by 21-71% than the inflow and the levels of pollutants were reduced to appreciable levels.
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Kim SK, Park CK, Lee SY, Song JS, Park SH, Kim YK. Effects of Rosiglitazone on the Expression of PPAR-γ and on the Production of IL-6 and IL-8 in Acute Lung Injury Model Using Human Pulmonary Epithelial Cells. TROP J PHARM RES 2011. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v10i6.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Shin EJ, Kim JM, Nguyen XKT, Nguyen TTL, Lee SY, Jung JH, Kim MJ, Whang WK, Yamada K, Nabeshima T, Kim HC. Effects of gastrodia elata bl on phencyclidine-induced schizophrenia-like psychosis in mice. Curr Neuropharmacol 2011; 9:247-50. [PMID: 21886599 PMCID: PMC3137192 DOI: 10.2174/157015911795017263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Revised: 04/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that 5-HT1A receptors play an important role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Because Gastrodia elata Bl (GE) modulates the serotonergic system, we examined whether GE could affect phencyclidine (PCP)-induced abnormal behavior in mice. Repeated treatment with PCP increased immobility time, while it decreased social interaction time and recognition memory. PCP-induced abnormal behaviors were significantly attenuated by GE, and these effects were comparable to those of 8-OH-DPAT, a 5-HT1A receptor agonist. Furthermore, GE-mediated effects were counteracted by WAY 100635, a 5-HT1A receptor antagonist. Our results suggest that the antipsychotic effects of GE are, at least in part, mediated via activation of 5-HT1A in mice.
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Kim SK, Park CK, Lee SY, Song JS, Park SH, Kim YK. Effects of Rosiglitazone on the Expression of PPAR-γ and the Production of IL-6 and IL-8 in Acute Lung Injury Model Using Human Pulmonary Epithelial Cells. TROP J PHARM RES 2011. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v10i5.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Lee SY, Lim CH, Pasupathy S, Poopalalingam R, Tham KW, Ganguly S, Wai CHD, Wong WK. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a novel procedure for weight loss. Singapore Med J 2011; 52:794-800. [PMID: 22173248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Morbid obesity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Bariatric surgery offers morbidly obese individuals substantial and sustainable weight loss and reduction in obesity-related comorbidities. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is a new restrictive procedure in bariatric surgery. We aimed to evaluate our experience with LSG with regard to its safety and feasibility and early weight loss. METHODS The surgical outcome, complications and early clinical results of all patients who underwent LSG at Singapore General Hospital were studied. RESULTS 30 patients underwent LSG between December 2008 and October 2010. The mean preoperative weight of the patients was 113.4 (range 91.0-170.0) kg, while the mean body mass index (BMI) was 42.6 (range 33.0-60.0) kg/m². Diabetes mellitus was present in 39 percent of the patients, hypertension in 43 percent, hyperlipidaemia in 35 percent, obstructive sleep apnoea in 30 percent and osteoarthritis in 22 percent. The majority of patients had two or more obesity-related comorbidities (52 percent). Mean operative time was 142 (range 80-220) minutes and median duration of postoperative stay was three days. At two weeks, one, three and six months post operation, the mean BMI was 38.6 kg/m², 37.8 kg/m², 34.5 kg/m² and 30.8 kg/m², the mean percentage of excess weight loss was 17.7 percent, 23.3 percent, 40.9 percent and 56.7 percent, and absolute weight loss was 8.00 kg, 11.52 kg, 18.77 kg and 26.85 kg, respectively. CONCLUSION LSG is a promising procedure for surgical treatment of obesity, with good early weight loss and low morbidity.
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Won YJ, Yoo JY, Chae YJ, Kim DH, Park SK, Cho HB, Kim JS, Lee JH, Lee SY. The Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting after Thyroidectomy using Three Anaesthetic Techniques. J Int Med Res 2011; 39:1834-42. [DOI: 10.1177/147323001103900526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The choice of anaesthetics can affect the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). This study compared the incidence of PONV in 177 female patients who underwent thyroidectomy, with anaesthesia induced and maintained using one of three regimens: (i) sevoflurane (thiopental sodium 4–5 mg/kg and sevoflurane 2.0–2.5 vol% in 50% air); (ii) total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA; propofol-remifentanil [target blood concentrations 2.5–3.5 μg/ml and 3.5–4.5 ng/ml, respectively]); or (iii) combined inhalation and intravenous anaesthesia (sevoflurane 1.0 vol% in 50% air plus propofol-remifentanil [target blood concentrations 1.5–2.5 μg/ml and 2.5–3.5 ng/ml, respectively]). The incidence and severity of PONV and the need for rescue antiemetics were assessed at 0–24 h postoperatively. Overall, the incidence of PONV was significantly lower in the TIVA and combined groups compared with the sevoflurane group (33.9%, 39.0% and 64.4%, respectively). In conclusion, the maintenance of anaesthesia with propofol-remifentanil or sevoflurane-propofol-remifentanil decreased the incidence of PONV compared with sevoflurane alone.
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Woo SJ, Park KH, Ahn J, Oh KJ, Lee SY, Jeong EH, Park KH. A co-twin study of the relative effect of birth weight and gestational age on retinopathy of prematurity. Eye (Lond) 2011; 25:1478-83. [PMID: 21869833 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2011.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the relative effect of birth weight and gestational age on retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) using preterm twin pairs discordant for birth weight. METHODS This study was a retrospective cohort study including 55 consecutive twin pairs of 110 preterm infants (gestational age ≤33 weeks). The outcomes of ROP including occurrence (any stage), severe ROP (stage 3 or more), and clinically significant ROP requiring laser treatment were compared between twins with the lower birth weight from each pair and their co-twins with the higher birth weight. Using twin pairs having different birth weight and identical gestational age, the independent effects of prematurity and intrauterine growth on ROP could be evaluated. Other perinatal morbidities related to prematurity were also compared between twin pairs. RESULTS No significant differences in ROP between larger and smaller infants were observed in the twin-paired analysis while analysis on individual infants showed strong association between small birth weight and ROP outcomes. However, in both the larger and smaller infant groups, gestational age of <28 weeks was significantly associated with ROP outcomes. No differences were found between twin pairs regarding other perinatal morbidities including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, respiratory distress syndrome, patent ductus arteriosus, intraventricular hemorrhage, and periventricular leukomalacia. CONCLUSIONS Birth weight is not associated with ROP, while gestational age is in the twin-paired study, suggesting that gestational age is a better predictor of ROP than birth weight. This indicates that maturity is more important in the pathogenesis of ROP than intrauterine growth.
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Lee SY, Kwon HJ, Ahn HS, Seo KY, Kim EK, Kim TI. Comparison of patient outcomes after implantation of Visian toric implantable collamer lens and iris-fixated toric phakic intraocular lens. Eye (Lond) 2011; 25:1409-17. [PMID: 21852802 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2011.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We compared visual and refractive outcomes after implantation of Visian toric implantable collamer lenses (toric ICLs) and iris-fixated toric pIOLs (toric Artisans). PATIENTS AND METHODS A comparative retrospective analysis was performed. Toric ICLs were implanted into 30 eyes of 18 patients, and toric Artisans into 31 eyes of 22 recipients. We measured the logarithms of the minimum angle of resolution of uncorrected visual acuity (logMAR UCVA), logMAR of best spectacle-corrected corrected VA (logMAR BSCVA), MR, SE, and astigmatism (by the power vector method) before surgery and 1, 3, and 6 months thereafter. Differences between patients receiving each type of lens were compared by using a mixed model of repeated measures. RESULTS Visual improvements were evident after operation in both groups. By comparing the attempted to the achieved SE values, we were able to confirm that correction of refractive error was similar in both groups. However, the logMAR UCVA was significantly higher in the toric ICL group at all postoperative time points. Although manifest cylinder power and astigmatism (calculated by using the power vector method) gradually decreased in the toric ICL group, cylinder power 1 month postoperatively increased from -2.62 to -2.75 D; astigmatism was also increased at this time in the toric Artisan group. CONCLUSION The two tested toric pIOLs were similar in terms of the ability to correct refractive error, as assessed 3 months postoperatively. However toric ICLs corrected astigmatism more rapidly and safely. Notably, the large difference in astigmatism level between the two groups 1 month postoperatively indicates that toric ICLs are more effective when used to correct astigmatism.
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Oh KJ, Park KH, Kim SN, Jeong EH, Lee SY, Yoon HY. Predictive value of intra-amniotic and serum markers for inflammatory lesions of preterm placenta. Placenta 2011; 32:732-6. [PMID: 21839511 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 07/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the relative predictive values of amniotic fluid (AF) matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) for histologic chorioamnionitis and intra-amniotic infection in women with preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM). STUDY DESIGN This retrospective cohort study included 99 consecutive women with preterm labor or preterm PROM (21-35 weeks' gestation) who delivered within 72 h of transabdominal amniocentesis. The AF was cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and for genital mycoplasmas and was assayed for MMP-9 and IL-6 levels. Maternal serum CRP was measured immediately after amniocentesis. The placentas were examined histologically. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES histologic chorioamnionitis and intra-amniotic infection. RESULTS The prevalence of histologic chorioamnionitis and a positive AF culture was 44% (44/99) and 28% (28/99), respectively. In predicting intra-amniotic infection, AF MMP-9 had a significantly higher area under the curve (AUC: 0.94 [95% CI, 0.87-0.98]) than AF IL-6 (0.87 [95% CI, 0.78-0.84]; P < 0.05) and serum CRP (0.76 [95% CI, 0.66-0.84]; P < 0.001) and a higher sensitivity and specificity than serum CRP (P < 0.01, respectively). However, in predicting histologic chorioamnionitis, there were no significant differences in AUCs among the three tests (AF MMP-9: 0.78 [95% CI, 0.68-0.85]; AF IL-6: 0.76 [95% CI, 0.66-0.84]; serum CRP: 0.76 [95% CI, 0.66-0.84]). In a sub-analysis of 71 women without intra-amniotic infection, histologic chorioamnionitis was associated with an elevated serum CRP level (P < 0.05), but not with the level of AF IL-6 or MMP-9 (P = 0.232 and P = 0.402, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The AF MMP-9 has a better overall diagnostic performance than the AF IL-6 and maternal serum CRP in predicting intra-amniotic infection. However, the serum CRP level obtained up to 72 h before delivery appears to be an important marker for early identification of histologic chorioamnionitis in women without intra-amniotic infection.
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