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Choi CP, Kim YI, Lee JW, Lee MH. The effect of narrowband ultraviolet B on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1, transforming growth factor-?1 and type I collagen in human skin fibroblasts. Clin Exp Dermatol 2007; 32:180-5. [PMID: 17137474 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2006.02309.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induces chronic skin diseases, such as skin cancer and photoageing, and the mechanisms of this skin damage are associated with the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and decreased collagen synthesis. Narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) radiation is a relatively new treatment modality for vitiligo and psoriasis. However, the mechanism of NB-UVB action on photoageing is not completely understood. Aims. We investigated the effects of NB-UVB on the expression of MMP-1, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 and type I collagen in cultured human skin fibroblasts. METHODS Cultured human fibroblasts were irradiated with either NB-UVB (50-800 mJ/cm(2)) or broadband UVB (BB-UVB; 25 mJ/cm(2)). The expression of MMP-1, TGF-beta1 and type I collagen mRNA was determined by reverse-transcription PCR. Expression of MMP-1 and TGF-beta1 protein was determined by ELISA and that of type I collagen by Western blotting. RESULTS NB-UVB induced the expression of MMP-1 and reduced the expression of TGF-beta1 and type I collagen at the mRNA and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of type I collagen protein decreased more after irradiation with 25 mJ/cm(2) of BB-UVB than 400 mJ/cm(2) of NB-UVB. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that NB-UVB irradiation reduces type I collagen synthesis in human skin fibroblasts by inhibiting TGF-beta1 expression and stimulating the release of MMP-1. It also suggested that the photoageing-related effects of NB-UVB are weaker than those of BB-UVB in vitro.
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Kim YI, Choi HJ, Colwell CS. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated synaptic currents in suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons. J Neurosci Res 2007; 84:1512-20. [PMID: 16983663 PMCID: PMC2582386 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Light information reaches the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) through a subpopulation of retinal ganglion cells. Previous work raises the possibility that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its high-affinity receptor TrkB may be important as modulators of this excitatory input into the SCN. To test this possibility, we used whole-cell patch-clamp methods to measure excitatory currents in rat SCN neurons. These currents were evoked by electrical stimulation of the optic nerve. We found that the amplitude of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) component of the evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (NMDA-EPSC) was increased by application of BDNF. The neurotrophin also increased the magnitude of NMDA-evoked currents in SCN neurons. The BDNF enhancement of the NMDA-EPSC was blocked by treatment with the neurotrophin receptor antagonist K252a as well as treatment with the soluble form of the TrkB receptor engineered as an immunoadhesin (TrkB IgG). Finally, the BDNF enhancement was lost in brain slices treated with the NR2B antagonist ifenprodil. The results demonstrate that BDNF and TrkB receptors are important regulators of retinal glutamatergic synaptic transmission within the SCN.
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Kim HH, Kim KH, Kim DH, Kim MC, Kim BS, Kim YW, Kim YI, Kim YH, Kim W, Kim WW, Kim JJ, Kim TB, Ryu SY, Ryu SW, Min YD, Park YC, Park CH, Baik HK, Song KY, Yang HK, Lee KY, Lee BE, Lee BH, Lee YJ, Lee WK, Lee JH, Lee HJ, Jeon HM, Jung SJ, Cho GS, Chin HM, Choi SH, Choi YB, Han SU, Hur KY, Hur YS, Hyung WJ, Hong BH. Nationwide Survey of Laparoscopic Gastric Surgery in Korea, 2004. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.5230/jkgca.2005.5.4.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kim ES, Han SM, Kim YI, Song KH, Kim MS, Kim WB, Park JY, Lee KU. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of metabolic syndrome in a rural population of South Korea. Diabet Med 2004; 21:1141-3. [PMID: 15384963 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01398.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to the criteria of the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and the World Health Organization (WHO). METHODS Data were collected from 1108 subjects over 40 years of age in the Chongup district, a rural area of South Korea. We evaluated the prevalence and clinical characteristics of metabolic syndrome according to the two criteria. RESULTS According to the ATP III criteria, the prevalence of central obesity was 0.2% in men and 27.3% in women, which is much lower than the prevalence of central obesity in Americans. However, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was similar to the prevalence in Americans. Of the Korean subjects over 40 years of age, 29.4% and 39.2% had metabolic syndrome according to the ATP III and WHO criteria, respectively. Metabolic syndrome according to the ATP III criteria was associated with insulin resistance, but not with microalbuminuria. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic syndrome has a high prevalence in South Koreans despite the low prevalence of obesity and/or central obesity.
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Lim DH, Kim DY, Kang MK, Kim YI, Kang WK, Park CK, Kim S, Noh JH, Joh JW, Choi SH, Sohn TS, Heo JS, Park CH, Park JO, Lee JE, Park YJ, Nam HR, Park W, Ahn YC, Huh SJ. Patterns of failure in gastric carcinoma after D2 gastrectomy and chemoradiotherapy: a radiation oncologist's view. Br J Cancer 2004; 91:11-7. [PMID: 15162146 PMCID: PMC2364765 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of locoregional recurrence in resected gastric adenocarcinoma is high, but the benefit of adjuvant treatment remains controversial. In particular, after extended lymph node dissection, the role of radiotherapy is questionable. Since 1995, we started a clinical protocol of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after D2 gastrectomy and analysed the patterns of failure for 291 patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy consisted of five cycles of fluorouracil and leucovorin, and concurrent radiotherapy was given with 4500 cGy from the second cycle of chemotherapy. With a median follow-up of 48 months, 114 patients (39%) showed any type of failure, and the local and regional failures were seen in 7% (20 out of 291) and 12% (35 out of 291), respectively. When the recurrent site was analysed with respect to the radiation field, in-field recurrence was 16% and represented 35% of all recurrences. Our results suggest that adjuvant chemoradiotherapy has a potential effect on reducing locoregional recurrence. Moreover, low locoregional recurrence rates could give a clue as to which subset of patients could be helped by radiotherapy after D2 gastrectomy. However, in order to draw a conclusion on the role of adjuvant radiotherapy, a randomised study is needed.
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Guo XL, Yang KS, Hyun JY, Kim WS, Lee DH, Min KE, Park LS, Seo KH, Kim YI, Cho CS, Kang IK. Morphology and metabolism of Ba-alginate-encapsulated hepatocytes with galactosylated chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) as extracellular matrices. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2004; 14:551-65. [PMID: 12901437 DOI: 10.1163/15685620360674245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lactobionic acid, bearing a beta-galactose group, was coupled with chitosan to provide synthetic extracellular matrices together with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). The hepatocytes encapsulated in Ba-alginate capsules with galactosylated chitosan (GC) and PVA as extracellular matrices showed aggregation morphologies as the incubation time increased. Ba-alginate-encapsulated hepatocytes with GC exhibited a higher metabolic function in albumin secretion compared to those entrapped in Ba-alginate beads and monolayer-cultured on a collagen-immobilized polystyrene dish. The ammonia removal ability of monolayer-cultured hepatocytes decreased with increasing culture time and disappeared completely after three days. In contrast, the ammonia removal ability of encapsulated and entrapped hepatocytes increased with increasing incubation time in the first seven and five days, respectively. Thereafter, the entrapped hepatocytes lost ammonia removal ability quickly while the encapsulated hepatocytes kept a relatively high ammonia removal ability up to 13 days. The trace amount of GC in the core matrices enabled encapsulated cells to enhance their ammonia removal and albumin secretion ability. The results obtained with 3-(3,4-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) also showed that the capsules incorporated with GC can provide a better microenvironment for cell aggregation along with nutrition and metabolite transfer. Due to the nature of the liquid core, the encapsulated hepatocytes showed very good mobility. This facilitated cell-cell interaction and cell-matrix interaction.
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Bae BU, Kim CH, Kim YI. Treatment of spent brine from a nitrate exchange process using combined biological denitrification and sulfate precipitation. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2004; 49:413-419. [PMID: 15137452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A combined biological denitrification and sulfate precipitation process was developed to treat and reuse the spent brine produced by a nitrate exchange system. Although the spent brine contained a relatively high salt concentration, more than 80% of NO3(-)-N fed into the denitrification reactors was removed at a nitrate-N loading rate of 2.2 g NO3(-)-N/l x day, regardless of the presence or absence of sulfate up to 8,000 mg/l. Sulfate present in the spent brine was successfully removed by the addition of BaCl2 and the settling velocity of BaSO4 suspension was remarkably enhanced by FeCl3 coagulation. Since most of the chloride consumed in regenerating the exhausted resins was replaced during chemical treatment with BaCl2 and FeCl3, it was possible to reuse the treated spent brine as a regenerant after compensating for the small amount of unreplaced NaCl.
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Yang HK, Kim MC, Kim YW, Kim YI, Kim EK, Kim HH, Park KK, Bae JM, Baik HG, Sul JY, Shin SH, Lee YB, Lee JM, Lee JH, Lee HJ, Jeon HM, Cho GS, Choi SH, Choi YB, Han SU, Han HS, Hur KY, Hyung WJ, Hong BH. Nationwide Survey of Laparoscopic Gastric Surgery in Korea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.5230/jkgca.2004.4.3.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Park SH, Kim DY, Heo JS, Lim DH, Park CK, Lee KW, Choi SH, Sohn TS, Kim S, Noh JH, Kim YI, Park JO, Kim K, Kim WS, Jung CW, Im YH, Lee MH, Park K, Park CH, Kang WK. Postoperative chemoradiotherapy for gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2003; 14:1373-7. [PMID: 12954575 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdg366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report the results of postoperative chemoradiotherapy after curative resection in gastric cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with gastric cancer staged IB to IV(M0) were treated with chemoradiotherapy after curative resection with extensive (D2) lymph node dissection. Nodal metastases were observed in 261 (90%) patients. The chemotherapy consisted of fluorouracil 400 mg/m(2) plus leucovorin 20 mg/m(2) for 5 days, followed by 4500 cGy of radiotherapy for 5 weeks with fluorouracil and leucovorin on the first 4 days and the last 3 days of radiotherapy. Two 5-day cycles of chemotherapy were given 4 weeks after the completion of radiotherapy. RESULTS Of 290 patients accrued, 229 (79%) patients completed chemoradiotherapy as planned. With a median follow-up of 49 months, 114 (34%) patients have relapsed: 33 (29%) locoregional relapses, 76 (67%) peritoneal relapses and 41 (36%) distant metastases. The 5-year overall and relapse-free survivals were 60% and 57%, respectively. Tolerance was acceptable, the main toxicity being neutropenia. CONCLUSIONS This postoperative chemoradiotherapy after curative resection of gastric cancer was feasible, with acceptable toxicities. Whether this adjuvant therapy in gastric cancer patients that have undergone a D2 lymph node dissection impacts on survival or reduces the incidence of relapses remains to be studied.
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Kwon JS, Shin YW, Kim CW, Kim YI, Youn T, Han MH, Chang KH, Kim JJ. Similarity and disparity of obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia in MR volumetric abnormalities of the hippocampus-amygdala complex. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003; 74:962-4. [PMID: 12810792 PMCID: PMC1738533 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.74.7.962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Given that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and schizophrenia may share clinical symptoms as well as functional brain abnormalities, this study was designed to clarify common and different morphological abnormalities in OCD and schizophrenia. METHODS Volumes of the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the thalamus were measured in three age and sex matched groups of 22 patients with OCD, 22 patients with schizophrenia, and 22 normal subjects using three dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. Volume tracing was performed manually on serial coronal slices with the references of sagittal or axial planes using internal landmarks. RESULTS Hippocampal volume was bilaterally reduced in both OCD and schizophrenic patients versus the normal controls. Left amygdala volume was significantly enlarged in patients with OCD but not in patients with schizophrenia versus the normal controls. The thalamus did not show any volumetric group differences. CONCLUSIONS Non-specific hippocampal reduction in both the OCD and schizophrenic groups is likely to link to a clinical overlap between the two illnesses, whereas the left amygdala enlargement observed only in the OCD patients seems to be suggestive of a unique role for the amygdala in the pathophysiology of OCD.
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Lim S, Lee HS, Kim HS, Kim YI, Kim WH. Alteration of E-cadherin-mediated adhesion protein is common, but microsatellite instability is uncommon in young age gastric cancers. Histopathology 2003; 42:128-36. [PMID: 12558744 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2559.2003.01546.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Gastric adenocarcinoma in young patients has been considered to differ in many ways from gastric carcinoma in older patients. This study was designed to determine the clinicopathological features and molecular mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Based on 4123 patients of gastric cancer in Seoul National University Hospital, 135 patients (3.3%) were chosen by the age of 30 years or younger. Expression of E-cadherin, beta-catenin, p53 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was analysed using the tissue array method in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens and microsatellite instability (MSI) was determined. As a control, 320 cases of older patients were compared. Gastric adenocarcinoma of young patients revealed significant female predominance, type IV gross type, proximal location, diffuse type and frequent lymph node metastasis. In-situ hybridization for EBV showed higher positivity in young patients (9/78, 11.5%) than in older ones, but not statistically significant. In EBV+ cases, p53 over-expression was significantly higher in young patients than older patients (P < 0.05). Alteration of E-cadherin or beta-catenin was significantly higher in younger patients than in older patients (P < 0.05). Overall survival was significantly poorer in younger patients than older ones. The frequency of MSI was rare (1.3%, P < 0.05) in young patients compared with older patients (9.3%). CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that gastric adenocarcinoma of young patients has a poor prognosis, possesses aggressive histopathological features, exhibits reduced expression of E-cadherin and beta-catenin, and demonstrates lower MSI than tumours in older patients.
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Lee KW, Joh JW, Kim SJ, Park JH, Chon SE, Choi SH, Heo JS, Song JH, Kim SM, Peck KR, Kim YI, Lee BB, Lee SK. Living donor liver transplantation using graft infested with clonorchis sinensis: two cases. Transplant Proc 2003; 35:66-7. [PMID: 12591310 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(02)03955-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lee KW, Son TS, Joh JW, Kim SJ, Park JH, Chon SE, Choi SH, Heo JS, Kim YI, Lee BB, Lee SK. Perioperative cytokine response after liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2003; 35:407-8. [PMID: 12591462 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(02)03956-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chon SE, Lee KW, Joh JW, Kim SJ, Park JH, Lee SK, Oh HY, Huh WS, Kim YI, Lee BB. Factors affecting the graft survival in cadaver donor kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc 2003; 35:147-8. [PMID: 12591342 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(02)03767-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Park JH, Noh JH, Lee KW, Lee SK, Kim SJ, Choi SH, Heo JS, Chon SE, Paik SW, Koh KW, Lee JH, Choi MS, Kim YI, Lee BB, Joh JW. Safety of the donor with right hepatic lobectomy in the living donor liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2003; 35:57-8. [PMID: 12591306 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(02)03949-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hong GH, Kim YI, Lee SH, Cooper LW, Choe SM, Tkalin AV, Lee A, Kim SH, Chung CS, Hirose K. 239+240Pu and 137Cs concentrations for zooplankton and nekton in the Northwest Pacific and Antarctic Oceans (1993-1996). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2002; 44:660-665. [PMID: 12222889 DOI: 10.1016/s0025-326x(01)00322-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of 239+240Pu and 137Cs in zooplankton and nekton in the Northwest Pacific and Southern Oceans were measured during the period 1993-1996. The object of the sampling was to assess the potential impacts of existing submerged anthropogenic-radioactive materials in the western North Pacific as well as the East China Sea. Samples from the Bransfield Strait of the Antarctic Ocean provided a control source impacted by only atmospheric bomb fallout. No particularly elevated levels of 239+240Pu were found in zooplankton samples from the Northwest Pacific, although significantly lower levels of 239+240Pu were found in three mixed zooplankton samples from the Bransfield Strait. The body burden of 239+240Pu in zooplankton appears to reflect concentrations in ambient seawater with some variation. Some additional measurements of 137Cs in fish are also reported here to complement existing databases and for future reference in the regional marine environmental radioactivity monitoring effort.
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Kim JS, Lee KS, Lee KH, Kim YI, Kim BS, Chung YA, Chung SK. Evidence of thalamic disinhibition in patients with hemichorea: semiquantitative analysis using SPECT. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002; 72:329-33. [PMID: 11861689 PMCID: PMC1737786 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.72.3.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hemichorea sometimes occurs after lesions that selectively involve the caudate nucleus, putamen, and globus pallidus. Some reports have hypothesised that the loss of subthalamic nucleus control on the internal segment of the globus pallidus, followed by the disinhibition of the thalamus may contribute to chorea. However, the pathophysiology is poorly understood. Therefore, clinicoradiological localisation was evaluated and a comparison of the haemodynamic status of the basal ganglia and thalamus was made. METHODS Six patients presenting with acute onset of hemichorea were assessed. Neuroimaging studies, including MRI and SPECT examinations in addition to detailed biochemical tests, were performed. A semiquantitative analysis was performed by comparing the ratio of blood flow between patients and normal controls. In addition, the ratio of perfusion asymmetry was calculated as the ratio between each area contralateral to the chorea and that homolateral to the chorea. The comparison was made with a two sample t test. RESULTS The causes of hemichorea found consisted of four cases of acute stroke, one non-ketotic hyperglycaemia, and one systemic lupus erythematosus. Brain MRI indicated lesion sites in the contralateral putamen, globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, and subthalamic nucleus. A significant decrease in the ratio of blood flow in the basal ganglia contralateral to the chorea and a significant increase in the thalamus was found when comparing the perfusion asymmetries, which were calculated as the ratio of cerebral blood flow (CBF) for each region to that in the homolateral occipital area (p<0.05). CONCLUSION An alteration in CBF in both the contralateral thalamus and basal ganglia reflect the loss of pallidal inhibitory input from the pallidum to the thalamus. This change in CBF may be one of epiphenomena, which implicates an occurrence of hemichorea in humans.
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Lee HS, Lee HK, Kim HS, Yang HK, Kim YI, Kim WH. MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, and MUC6 expressions in gastric carcinomas: their roles as prognostic indicators. Cancer 2002. [PMID: 11745219 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(20010915)92:6<1427::aid-cncr1466>3.0.co;2-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although mucin expressions appear to be correlated with prognoses in patients with various cancers, several studies have reported conflicting and inconclusive results on the prognostic significance of mucin expression in gastric carcinomas. METHODS To clarify the correlations between clinicopathologic profiles and the patients' survival, the expression of MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6 mucins and the p53 protein were evaluated immunohistochemically in 300 consecutive gastric carcinomas using the tissue-array method. In addition, 59 gastric adenomas and 57 adenoma-associated carcinomas were investigated. RESULTS MUC1 was expressed in 2 (3.4%) cases of gastric adenoma, and MUC2 in 19 (32.2%) cases of gastric adenoma, out of a total of 59 lesions. In consecutive gastric carcinomas, 24.3% of gastric carcinomas expressed MUC1, 27.3% expressed MUC2, 38.0% expressed MUC5AC and 12.7% expressed MUC6. The rate of MUC1 expression in gastric carcinomas was significantly higher than in associated gastric adenomas (P < 0.01). The patients with MUC1-positive carcinomas showed significantly poorer survival than those with MUC1-negative carcinomas. On the other hand, MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC6 expressions were not significantly associated with patient survival. Interestingly, combined evaluation revealed that the group with the MUC1-negative plus p53-negative expression pattern showed a better prognosis than the remaining cases. In contrast, the group with the MUC2-negative plus p53-positive pattern showed a worse prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Mucin expression is altered in gastric adenoma and carcinoma, and MUC1 mucin expression is significantly associated with poorer outcome in gastric carcinomas. A MUC1-negative plus p53-negative pattern or a MUC2-negative plus p53-positive pattern may predict outcome in patients with gastric carcinomas.
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Han SR, Park JK, Kim YI, Son BC. Posterior cerebral artery infarction caused by cerebral sparganosis-induced vasculitis. Eur Neurol 2002; 46:105-7. [PMID: 11528164 DOI: 10.1159/000050776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Chang MS, Lee HS, Kim CW, Kim YI, Kim WH. Clinicopathologic characteristics of Epstein-Barr virus-incorporated gastric cancers in Korea. Pathol Res Pract 2002; 197:395-400. [PMID: 11432666 DOI: 10.1078/0344-0338-00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the rate of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in gastric carcinomas of Korean patients and investigated the associations between EBV infection and clinicopathological characteristics, the survival rates of patients, and p53 overexpression. EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER)-in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry for p53 protein were done in 306 consecutive gastric carcinoma cases, of which 17 (5.6%) showed EBV infection. Of these 17 EBV-positive cases, one case strongly expressed p53 protein, while 98 (34%) of 285 EBV-negative cases overexpressed p53 (p < 0.05). The EBV-positive gastric carcinomas tended to have lymphoid stroma. They were mostly of the poorly differentiated type, negative for p53 immunoexpression, more prevalent in male patients, and diffuse according to Lauren's classification (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the survival rate for the EBV status. In conclusion, the EBV infection rate among gastric carcinomas in Korea is similar to that ascertained in other countries. An inverse correlation between EBV and p53 overexpression was disclosed. Further study is needed to find out whether or not two genetic changes could be functionally overlapping during gastric carcinogenesis.
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Choi S, Kim HJ, Ko YS, Jeong SW, Kim YI, Simonds WF, Oh JW, Nah SY. G alpha(q/11) coupled to mammalian phospholipase C beta 3-like enzyme mediates the ginsenoside effect on Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) current in the Xenopus oocyte. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:48797-802. [PMID: 11673455 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m104346200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently we demonstrated that ginsenosides, the active ingredients of Panax ginseng, enhanced Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) current in the Xenopus oocyte through a signal transduction mechanism involving the activation of pertussis toxin-insensitive G protein and phospholipase C (PLC). However, it has not yet been determined precisely which G protein subunit(s) and which PLC isoform(s) participate in the ginsenoside signaling. To provide answers to these questions, we investigated the changes in ginsenoside effect on the Cl(-) current after intraoocyte injections of the cRNAs coding various G protein subunits, a regulator of G protein signaling (RGS2), and G beta gamma-binding proteins. In addition, we examined which of mammalian PLC beta 1-3 antibodies injected into the oocyte inhibited the action of ginsenosides on the Cl(-) current. Injection of G alpha(q) or G alpha(11) cRNA increased the basal Cl(-) current recorded 48 h after, and it further prevented ginsenosides from enhancing the Cl(-) current, whereas G alpha(i2) and G alpha(oA) cRNA injection had no significant effect. The changes following G alpha(q) cRNA injection were prevented when G beta(1)gamma(2) and G alpha(q) subunits were co-expressed by simultaneous injection of the cRNAs coding these subunits. Injection of cRNA coding G alpha(q)Q209L, a constitutively active mutant that does not bind to G beta gamma, produced effects similar to those of G alpha(q) cRNA injection. The effects of G alpha(q)Q209L cRNA injection, however, were not prevented by co-injection of G beta(1)gamma(2) cRNA. Injection of the cRNA coding RGS2, which interacts most selectively with G alpha(q/11) among various identified RGS isoforms and stimulates the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP in active GTP-bound G alpha subunit, resulted in a severe attenuation of ginsenoside effect on the Cl(-) current. Finally, antibodies against PLC beta 3, but not -beta 1 and -beta 2, markedly attenuated the ginsenoside effect examined at 3-h postinjection. These results suggest that G alpha(q/11) coupled to mammalian PLC beta 3-like enzyme mediates ginsenoside effect on Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) current in the Xenopus oocyte.
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Park H, Byun D, Kim TS, Kim YI, Kang JS, Hahm ES, Kim SH, Lee WJ, Song HK, Yoon DY, Kang CJ, Lee C, Houh D, Kim H, Cho B, Kim Y, Yang YH, Min KH, Cho DH. Enhanced IL-18 expression in common skin tumors. Immunol Lett 2001; 79:215-9. [PMID: 11600201 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(01)00278-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) has been found to have multiple effects upon various cells involved in inflammatory response. Recently we reported that B16 murine melanoma cells are able to produce IL-18, which is involved in the regulation of intracellular reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) and Fas-ligand expression, indicating that IL-18 plays key role in the tumor activity of melanoma. In this study, we investigated the pattern of IL-18 expression in the human system. IL-18 production was tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay in various tumor cell lines, including Raji (Burkitt's lymphoma), IM-9 (B lymphoblast), Jurkat (acute T cell leukemia), SK-MES-1 (squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell line), SK-MEL-2, G-361, DM-4, and DX-3 (melanoma cell lines). ELISA tests showed that IL-18 was highly expressed in malignant skin tumors such as SK-MES-1, SK-MEL-2, G-361, DM-4, and DX-3 cell lines, thus suggesting that IL-18 production may be associated with the malignancy of skin tumors. Here, we report that enhanced IL-18 expression is positively correlated with malignant skin tumors such as SCC and melanoma, suggesting the importance role of IL-18 in malignancy of skin tumors. Taken together, expression of IL-18 by tumor cells in human skin tissue may provide an important clue to understand the pathogenesis of malignant skin tumors.
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73
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Abstract
Among dietary factors implicated in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC), the inverse relationship between vegetable and fruit consumption and CRC risk has long been believed to represent the strongest epidemiologic evidence. However, recently published large prospective studies have produced conflicting results and the results of one randomized intervention human trial do not support the protective role of vegetable and fruit consumption in colorectal carcinogenesis. Conflicting data with regard to the effect of dietary factors, including vegetables and fruits, on CRC risk likely reflect inherent, probably irresolvable, limitations of currently available tools to detect a real beneficial or harmful effect associated with these factors.
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74
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Kim HS, Woo DK, Bae SI, Kim YI, Kim WH. Allelotype of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence of the stomach. CANCER DETECTION AND PREVENTION 2001; 25:237-44. [PMID: 11425265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
In order to identify the significant allelic loss involving the gastric adenoma-carcinoma sequence, we used 49 genome-wide microsatellite markers in an allelotype study of 30 cases of stomach resections that harbored both adenomas and carcinomas. Frequent loss of heterozygosity was demonstrated on 12q (53.3%), 2p (50.0%), and 18p (50.0%) in adenomas and on 8q (80.0%), 2p (70.0%), 18p (66.7%), and 17p (61.9%) in carcinomas. Significant difference in the loss of heterozygosity rate between the adenoma and the carcinoma was noted on 17p. Our results suggested that the critical target of loss of heterozygosity in gastric adenomacarcinoma sequences may be the p53 gene on 17p.
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Lee KW, Lee SK, Joh JW, Kim SJ, Park JH, Chon SE, Choi SH, Heo JS, Paik SW, Koh KW, Lee JH, Choi MS, Kim YI, Lee BB. Comparison of the efficacy in prevention of hepatitis B virus recurrence after liver transplantation between HBIG and lamivudine. Transplant Proc 2001; 33:3643-4. [PMID: 11750547 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(01)02567-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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