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Ishikawa S, Saito T, Kaneko K, Okada K, Kuzuya T. [Fludrocortisone acetate-responsive hyponatremia observed in old patients after head injury]. NIHON NAIKA GAKKAI ZASSHI. THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 1987; 76:867-73. [PMID: 3655499 DOI: 10.2169/naika.76.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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52
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Sutton PA, Byrn SR. Crystal structure of two crystal forms of 9 alpha-fluorocortisol acetate: variation of the conformation of the A ring of steroids due to crystal packing. J Pharm Sci 1987; 76:253-8. [PMID: 3585744 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600760316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the crystal structure of the propanol solvate of 9 alpha-fluorocortisol acetate, which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21 [a = 7.470 (6), b = 14.78 (1), c = 12.310 (9), beta = 105.2 degrees, Z = 2, R = 0.061, and the tetragonal unsolvated crystal form (a = b = 9.208 (2), c = 49.284 (9), P4(1)2(1)2, Z = 8, R = 0.050)]. The molecular structure of fluorocortisol acetate in the two crystal forms differs primarily in the A ring and acetoxy orientation. The A ring of the steroid in the tetragonal crystal was found to be disordered, and exists in both a normal and inverted conformation. The A ring of the steroid in the monoclinic propanol solvate has the normal (1 alpha, 2 beta half-chain) conformation. The differences in the conformation of the side chain and the A ring appear to reflect the conformational variability in 9 alpha-fluorocortisol acetate.
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Ishikawa SE, Saito T, Kaneko K, Okada K, Kuzuya T. Hyponatremia responsive to fludrocortisone acetate in elderly patients after head injury. Ann Intern Med 1987; 106:187-91. [PMID: 3800181 DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-106-2-187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe hyponatremia developed within 2 weeks of head injuries in three elderly patients. Before the head injuries occurred, normal serum levels of sodium had been found in two of the three patients. Hyponatremia (105 to 117 meq/L) was associated with persistently increased urinary excretion of sodium. The patients appeared dehydrated and had lost weight. The mean plasma level of antidiuretic hormone was 5.0 +/- 1.6 (SD) pg/mL, which was relatively high despite decreased osmolality. Plasma renin activity was suppressed to 0.25 +/- 0.13 ng/mL X h, and plasma aldosterone levels measured low-normal or normal. Plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone levels remained unchanged after the patients were given furosemide and placed in an upright position. The hyponatremia promptly resolved after the administration of fludrocortisone acetate, 0.1 to 0.4 mg/d. These observations indicate that severe hyponatremia occurs in elderly persons rapidly after head injuries, that it responds well to mineralocorticoid hormone therapy, and that both central nervous system and renal components may be involved in the mechanisms of action of the disorder.
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Morise T, Miyamori I, Hifumi S, Okamoto S, Ikeda M, Takeda Y, Koshida H, Yasuhara S, Takeda R. Effect of 9 alpha-fluorocortisol on the excretion of urinary digoxin-like substance in normotensive men. ENDOCRINOLOGIA JAPONICA 1986; 33:279-83. [PMID: 3757920 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj1954.33.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the possible role of mineralocorticoid in the regulation of digoxin-like substance (DLS), 9 alpha-fluorocortisol (9-F) was administered to 6 healthy men and urinary excretion of DLS was measured. The administration of 0.6 mg of 9-F caused slight increases in body weight and blood pressure and significant decreases in urinary Na excretion, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone, which indicate the expansion of extracellular fluid (ECF) volume by 9-F administration. Urinary excretion of DLS decreased significantly from the baseline level of 43.3 +/- 2.6 (SEM) to 29.8 +/- 5.1 (SEM) ng/day; digoxin equiv. after 9-F. These results suggest that a large dose of mineralocorticoid may suppress DLS despite an increase in the ECF volume.
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Genard P, Palem-Vliers M. Effect of 6-dehydro-DOCA and 6-dehydro-9 alpha-fluorocortisol acetate on the excretion of sodium and potassium in the rat. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY 1985; 23:673-5. [PMID: 4079383 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(85)90021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) and 9 alpha-fluorocortisol acetate (9 alpha-F-Cac) can be modified by the introduction of a double bond at carbons 6 and 7 (6-dehydro-derivatives). Such a modification markedly changes the effect of the steroids on urinary excretion of Na+ and K+. Since 6-7 reduction of DOCA and 9 alpha-F-Cac substantially reduces affinity for Type II receptors but not Type I receptors, 6-dehydro-derivatives will thus bind preferentially to receptors influencing the retention of sodium (the "mineralocorticoid" or Type I receptor), and compete with mineralocorticoids for such receptors. We interpret the increase in both natriuresis and kaliuresis when mineralocorticoids and their dehydro-derivatives are administered together as evidence for a Type II receptor mediation of these ion fluxes.
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56
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Knorr D. [Congenital adrenogenital syndrome]. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 1985; 133:327-35. [PMID: 2931585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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57
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Phillips R, Crock C, Funder J. Effects of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids on compensatory adrenal growth in rats. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1985; 248:E450-6. [PMID: 3985143 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1985.248.4.e450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The rapid compensatory growth seen in the remaining adrenal gland of the rat after unilateral adrenalectomy appears to require a functioning neural arc between the adrenal glands and the hypothalamus, but the role of adrenal or pituitary hormones is unclear. We have examined the effect of several steroids on the compensatory adrenal growth (CAG). Female and male rats (average wt 140 g) were unilaterally adrenalectomized and treated with aldosterone (2.1 micrograms/day), corticosterone (B, 28 micrograms/day), dexamethasone (28 micrograms/day), 9 alpha-fluorocortisol (9 alpha FC, 28 micrograms/day), or deoxycorticosterone (DOC, 28 micrograms/day) by continuous infusion for 3 days and then killed. The growth in the remaining adrenal was compared both with sham-operated rats treated with steroid infusions and with noninfused controls. In rats of this size females have larger adrenals than males; untreated male rats have significantly heavier left than right adrenals. In male rats the extent of CAG after no treatment or treatment with aldosterone B, 9 alpha FC, or DOC depended on the size of the adrenal gland removed. In both male and female rats CAG was not significantly affected by aldosterone, in contrast with a recent report, nor by B, 9 alpha FC, or DOC; no significant CAG was seen after dexamethasone. Taken together, these results and previous reports suggest that neurally mediated activation of pituitary and/or local adrenal growth factors may be responsible for CAG.
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Takeda K, Sakuta M, Saeki F. Central pontine myelinolysis diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. Ann Neurol 1985; 17:310-1. [PMID: 3994319 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410170317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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59
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Holland OB, Brown H, Kuhnert L, Fairchild C, Risk M, Gomez-Sanchez CE. Further evaluation of saline infusion for the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. Hypertension 1984; 6:717-23. [PMID: 6389337 DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.6.5.717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Normal subjects, normal-renin hypertensive patients, and low-renin hypertensive patients were evaluated by intravenous saline infusion and with a fludrocortisone acetate (Florinef) protocol to clarify diagnostic criteria for primary aldosteronism that are recommended for the saline infusion protocol. The patients consumed a 200 mEq sodium, 70 mEq potassium diet for 6 days, and on the last 3 days received Florinef 0.5 mg orally twice daily. On Days 3 and 6, urinary aldosterone and tetrahydroaldosterone excretions were determined, and on Days 4 and 7 plasma aldosterone (PA) was determined at 0600 after overnight recumbency and at 0800 after 2 hours of walking. Although the level of normal PA suppression by saline infusion has been commonly defined as 10 ng/dl, a value of 5 ng/dl was originally recommended. In 20 normal subjects and 45 normal-renin hypertensive patients, we found that the PA was almost always suppressed below 5 ng/dl. In 18 of 75 low-renin patients including five with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA), the PA was never suppressed below 10 ng/dl; thus, these 18 patients had classical primary aldosteronism by generally accepted criteria. The Florinef protocol was performed in eight of these 18 patients and was abnormal in all. An abnormal Florinef protocol was also found in seven of 15 patients studied with PA suppression after saline infusion to between 5 and 10 ng/dl, but in only one of 24 patients studied with PA suppression below 5 ng/dl. Additional studies in the subgroup with abnormal results from the Florinef protocol indicated that none of these patients had evidence of APA, so they had nontumorous primary aldosteronism (NTPA).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Abstract
Aldosterone binds to two renal cytosol receptors, one with high affinity and low capacity (Type I or mineralocorticoid) and another with lower affinity but greater capacity (Type II or glucocorticoid receptor). One of the ways to study Type I receptors isolated from Type II receptors is to block the latter with a steroid which shows high affinity for the glucocorticoid receptor and low affinity for the mineralocorticoid receptor. Dexamethasone has been used widely for this purpose but previous investigations and this study have found that dexamethasone competes with [3H]aldosterone for Type I receptor binding with a relative activity of 26% that of aldosterone and therefore is less than ideal as a glucocorticoid receptor blocker. RU-26988 (11 beta, 17 beta-dihydroxy-17 alpha-pregnane-1,4,6-trien-20-yn-21-methyl-3-one) is a recently synthesized glucocorticoid that shows very low affinity for the mineralocorticoid receptor. RU-26988 competes with [3H]aldosterone and [3H]2 alpha-methyl-9 alpha-fluorocortisol, a powerful mineralocorticoid, for the cytosol receptor from renal slices of adrenalectomized rats with a relative potency of less than 0.5% in comparison to unlabeled aldosterone and 2 alpha-methyl-9 alpha-fluorocortisol. RU-26988 has over twice the ability of unlabeled dexamethasone to compete with [3H]dexamethasone for binding to the renal cytosol glucocorticoid receptor. Scatchard analysis of [3H]aldosterone binding to rat renal cytosol showed two receptors, one with a calculated dissociation constant (Kd) of 2.81 X 10(-9) M and a second with a calculated Kd of 3.33 X 10(-8) M. The addition of a 100-fold concentration of RU-26988 produced a single line with a Kd of 5.02 X 10(-10) M indicating that the specific blocking of the glucocorticoid receptors allows an accurate determination of the kinetic parameters of the mineralocorticoid receptor by itself. Scatchard analysis of [3H]2 alpha-methyl-9 alpha-fluorocortisol binding produced a straight line with a Kd of 3.7 X 10(-9) M, such as would be produced if it were binding to only one single class of receptors. However, when an excess of RU-26988 was added to block the glucocorticoid receptor, a different straight line was produced by Scatchard's analysis with a Kd of 3.78 X 10(-10) M. Whereas the explanation for this is not apparent, it may be that the much larger concentration of glucocorticoid receptors, for which 2 alpha-methyl-9 alpha-fluorocortisol also has a very great affinity, masks the binding to the mineralocorticoid receptors.
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Appelqvist P, Kostianinen S. Multiple thoracotomy combined with chemotherapy in metastatic adrenal cortical carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature. J Surg Oncol 1983; 24:1-4. [PMID: 6350724 DOI: 10.1002/jso.2930240102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A case is reported in which multiple bilateral pulmonary metastasectomies for metastatic adrenal cortical carcinoma were performed and which resulted in an unusually long survival of over 25 years from the first thoracotomy and over 28 years from removal of the primary adrenal cortical carcinoma. The patient is alive and free of tumor as of the latest follow-up. We believe this is the longest survival after pulmonary metastasectomy for carcinoma published to date.
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Biollaz J, Dürr J, Brunner HR, Porchet M, Gavras H. Escape from mineralocorticoid excess: the role of angiotensin II. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1982; 54:1187-93. [PMID: 6281293 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-54-6-1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Escape from the sodium-retaining action of mineralocorticoids coincides with the suppression of plasma renin and angiotensin II levels. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether blockade of the renin system accelerates this escape. Eight male normotensive volunteers, aged 24--33 yr, were maintained during two subsequent periods of 12 days each, separated by 3--4 weeks, on a constant intake of sodium and potassium of 140 mmol/day. During both periods, fludrocortisone acetate (0.2 mg) was administered orally three times a day on days 4--12. In addition, on days 3--12, either a converting enzyme inhibitor (MK 421;20 mg orally, twice daily) or a placebo was added in double blind fashion and randomized sequence. During both periods, blood pressures were similar; they tended to increase slightly toward day 12. The weight increase did not differ between the two periods. With MK 421, angiotension II levels were significantly lower than with placebo on days 3--6 (P less than 0.001). On the same days, PRA was increased due to converting enzyme blockade. Despite the significantly different angiotensin II levels on days 3--6, daily urinary sodium excretion on all individual days as well as cumulative sodium balance were the same during both periods. Therefore, we could find no evidence in man that suppression of circulating angiotensin II levels is causally related to escape from mineralocorticoid excess.
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63
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Holland OB, Gomez-Sanchez C, Ziegler T. Hypertension with mineralocorticoid administration to the Long-Evans rat. Clin Sci (Lond) 1979; 56:109-13. [PMID: 477192 DOI: 10.1042/cs0560109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
1. The Carworth Long-Evans rat has been reported to develop adrenal-regeneration hypertension but not deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) hypertension. Deficiency of a hypothalamic receptor for deoxycorticosterone which mediates saline polydipsia has been postulated to underlie this resistance. Since a mineralocorticoid etiology for adrenal-regeneration hypertension has been postulated and all mineralocorticoids are thought to act on common receptors, these previous reports are difficult to reconcile. 2. To determine if an absolute or relative resistance to mineralocorticoids is present, Charles River Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley rats were given 40 mg (107 micromol) of DOCA pellets/rat or 250 microgrms (0.65 micromol) of 2 alpha-methyl-9-alpha-fluorocortisol/day subcutaneously. 3. Saline polydipsia occurred with both steroids with both rat strains, though significantly less with the Long-Evans rats. Both types of rats became hypertensive and developed cardiac and renal enlargement with both steroids. Hypertension developed more rapidly with 2 alpha-methyl-9 alpha-fluorocortisol. 4. Thus mineralocorticoid hypertension can be produced in the Charles River Long-Evans rat, and the development of adrenal-regeneration hypertension in this rat strain is not incompatible with a mineralocorticoid etiology for adrenal-regeneration hypertension.
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Bébéar JP, Vincey P. [Panotile in ear surgery]. REVUE DE LARYNGOLOGIE - OTOLOGIE - RHINOLOGIE 1978; 99:765-6. [PMID: 219457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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65
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SMITH LL. Paper chromatographic characterization of some pregnene alcohols, thiols, amines, and derivatives. J Chromatogr A 1962; 8:17-20. [PMID: 13914333 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)99222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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66
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TALLEY RW, KELLY JE, BRENNAN MJ, VAITKEVICIUS VK. Clinical study of 6 alpha-methyl-9 alpha-fluoro-17-acetoxy-21-deoxyprednisolone (U-17323) in human breast cancer--preliminary report. CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY REPORTS 1961; 12:59-62. [PMID: 13775045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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67
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PANISSET JC, BOIS P, BEAULNES A. [Effect of desoxycorticosterone and methylfluorocortisol on the vascular response to adrenaline]. REVUE CANADIENNE DE BIOLOGIE 1961; 20:71-3. [PMID: 13732465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
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DOORENBOS H, STREETEN DH, CONN JW. [Water diuresis after administration of 2-methyl-9 alpha-fluorohydrocortisone (compound FF) in patients with adrenal insufficiency]. NEDERLANDS TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR GENEESKUNDE 1960; 104:1264-7. [PMID: 13817614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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71
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DONNET V, CHEVALIER JM, PRUNEYRE A. [Comparative effect of the pituitary-ovarian inhibitng action of various adrenocortical steroids]. COMPTES RENDUS DES SEANCES DE LA SOCIETE DE BIOLOGIE ET DE SES FILIALES 1960; 154:1030-2. [PMID: 13723781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
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72
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ROBECCHI A, DI VITTORIO S. [Research on the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with steroid combinations. Note 2: Combined triamcinolone and dexamethasone]. Reumatismo 1959; 11:307-14. [PMID: 14437770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
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BECKETT VL, BRENNAN MJ. Treatment of advanced breast cancer with fluoxymesterone (halotestin). SURGERY, GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS 1959; 109:235-9. [PMID: 13675999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
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74
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LEVIN L, SCHWARTZ E. Triamcinolone therapy in chronic bronchial asthma. NEW YORK STATE JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 1959; 59:2710-5. [PMID: 13667027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
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