1451
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Watanabe A, Fujii A, Sakamori Y, Higashitsuji K, Tamai H. Studies on the behaviour of phospholipids at oil-water interfaces. Colloid Polym Sci 1971. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01500613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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1452
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Watanabe A, Taketa K. Resolution of microheterogeneous forms of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate. ENZYME 1971; 12:694-8. [PMID: 5154448 DOI: 10.1159/000459605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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1453
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Mitsui S, Watanabe A, Oshima H. [Bronchial asthma]. SAISHIN IGAKU. MODERN MEDICINE 1971; 27:33-41. [PMID: 5141567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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1454
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Yoshida T, Watanabe A. The analysis of the interaction between vergence eye-movement and accommodation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1971. [DOI: 10.5100/jje.7.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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1455
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Watanabe A. [Present status and future of medical information retrieval]. THE NEW ZEALAND NURSING JOURNAL. KAI TIAKI 1970; 63:81-7. [PMID: 5276082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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1456
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Arakawa T, Mizuno T, Honda Y, Tamura T, Watanabe A. Longitudinal study on maturation patterns of EEG basic waves of infants fed on milk from mothers with low serum folate levels. TOHOKU J EXP MED 1970; 102:81-90. [PMID: 5495066 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.102.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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1457
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Mizuno T, Yamauchi N, Watanabe A, Komatsushiro M, Takagi T. Maturation patterns of EEG basic waves of healthy infants under twelve-months of age. TOHOKU J EXP MED 1970; 102:91-8. [PMID: 5495067 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.102.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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1458
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Sarngadharan MG, Watanabe A, Pogell BM. Purification of rabbit liver fructose 1,6-diphosphatase by substrate elution. J Biol Chem 1970; 245:1926-9. [PMID: 4314933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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1459
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Tasaki II, Carnay L, Watanabe A. Transient changes in extrinsic fluorescence of nerve produced by electric stimulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1969; 64:1362-8. [PMID: 5271758 PMCID: PMC223293 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.64.4.1362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
NERVES STAINED WITH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING FLUOROCHROMES WERE FOUND TO RESPOND TO ELECTRIC STIMULATION WITH TRANSIENT CHANGES IN THE FLUORESCENT LIGHT: acridine orange, acridine yellow, 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonate, auramine O, 1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfonyl chloride, fluorescein isothiocyanate, LSD, pyronin B, pyronin Y, rhodamine B, rhodamine G, rose bengal, and 2-toluidinylnaphthalene sulfonate. The properties of covalently bonded fluorochromes in the nerve and the behavior of fluorochromes introduced into the axon interior were studied. By measuring fluorescence polarization, direct evidence was obtained showing a decrease in intramembrane viscosity during the action potential.
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1460
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Sasa M, Watanabe A, Kurotaki Y, Sakai H, Tori K. [Cases of cancer of the ascending colon successively occurring in brothers]. GAN NO RINSHO. JAPAN JOURNAL OF CANCER CLINICS 1969; 15:1010-4. [PMID: 5389461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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1461
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Matijević E, Watanabe A, Kerker M. Precipitation and complex solubility of zirconium sulfate. Colloid Polym Sci 1969. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01542529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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1462
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Watanabe A, Obara S, Akiyama T. Acceleratory synapses on pacemaker neurons in the heart ganglion of a stomatopod, Squilla oratoria. J Gen Physiol 1969; 54:212-31. [PMID: 5796369 PMCID: PMC2225917 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.54.2.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The pacemaker neurons of the heart ganglion are innervated from the CNS through two pairs of acceleratory nerves. The effect of acceleratory nerve stimulation was examined with intracellular electrodes from the pacemaker cells. The major effects on the pacemaker potential were an increase in the rate of rise of the spontaneous depolarization and in the duration of the plateau. The aftereffect of stimulation could last for minutes. No clear excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) was observed, however. On high frequency stimulation, a small depolarizing response (the initial response) was sometimes observed, but the major postsynaptic event was the following slow depolarization, or the enhancement of the pacemaker potential (the late response). With hyperpolarization the initial response did not significantly change its amplitude, but the late response disappeared, showing that the latter has the property of the local response. The membrane conductance did not increase with acceleratory stimulation. The injection of depolarizing current increased the rate of rise of the spontaneous depolarization, but only slightly in comparison with acceleratory stimulation, and did not increase the burst duration. It is concluded that the acceleratory effect is not mediated by the EPSP but is due to a direct action of the transmitter on the pacemaker membrane.
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1463
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Arakawa T, Mizuno T, Sakai K, Chida K, Watanabe A. Electroencephalographic frequency patterns of rats treated with aminopterin in early infancy. TOHOKU J EXP MED 1969; 97:385-90. [PMID: 5800582 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.97.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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1464
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Sarngadharan MG, Watanabe A, Pogell BM. Binding of adenosine 5'-monophosphate and substrate by rabbit liver fructose 1,6-diphosphatase. Biochemistry 1969; 8:1411-9. [PMID: 4308721 DOI: 10.1021/bi00832a016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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1465
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Sasaki Y, Sugihara J, Watanabe A, Sakuma M, Otsuka M. [Studies on the metabolism of 1-methyl-3-[di(2-thienyl)-methylene]piperidine citrate. II]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 1969; 89:345-53. [PMID: 5815794 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi1947.89.3_345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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1466
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Tasaki I, Carnay L, Sandlin R, Watanabe A. Fluorescence changes during conduction in nerves stained with Acridine Orange. Science 1969; 163:683-5. [PMID: 5762932 DOI: 10.1126/science.163.3868.683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Nerves from spider crabs anid squid fluoresce when staiined with Acridine Orange. The intenisity of fluorescence increases during nerse conduction. Prolongation of the electric response in the squid axon is associated with a fluorescence change of similar duration. These findings suggest that the physicochemical properties of the macromolecules around the dye molecules in the nerve membrane drastically change during the process of nerve conduction.
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1467
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Tasaki I, Lerman L, Watanabe A. Analysis of excitation process in squid giant axons under bi-ionic conditions. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1969; 216:130-8. [PMID: 4303899 DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1969.216.1.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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1468
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Watanabe A, Sasaki Y, Sugihara Z, Tsuruoka M. [Studies on the metabolism of 1-methyl-3-(di(2-thienyl)methylene)piperidine citrate. I. Fractional determination of 1-methyl-3-(di(2-thienyl)methylene)piperidine and its N-demethylated derivative]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 1969; 89:29-33. [PMID: 5816980 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi1947.89.1_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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1469
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Watanabe A, Obara S, Akiyama T. Inhibitory synapses on pacemaker neurons in the heart ganglion of a stomatopod, Squilla oratoria. J Gen Physiol 1968; 52:908-24. [PMID: 5722085 PMCID: PMC2225851 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.52.6.908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The pacemaker neurons of the Squilla heart ganglion are innervated from the CNS through three pairs of extrinsic nerves. One of them, the alpha-nerve, is inhibitory to the heart beat. The effect of alpha-nerve stimulation on the pacemaker potential was examined with intracellular electrodes. Without extrinsic nerve stimulation the membrane potential of the pacemaker cell fluctuated spontaneously. On application of a tetanic train of stimuli to the alpha-nerve the membrane potential was shifted and fixed to a steady level, which with K(2)SO(4)-filled electrodes was near the peak of hyperpolarization after a spontaneous burst, but was less negative with KCl-filled electrodes. The shift of the membrane potential was due to the summated IPSP's. By changing the level of the membrane potential with injection of the polarizing current the IPSP could be reversed in sign, and the size of the IPSP was linearly correlated with the membrane potential level. During inhibition the membrane conductance increased. The increase depended on divalent cation concentrations in the outside medium. In Ca-rich saline the IPSP was greatly enhanced. In Mg-rich saline it was suppressed. The amplitude of antidromic spikes was reduced during inhibition especially when the spike frequency was high.
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1470
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Watanabe A, Matsumoto M, Tamai H, Gotoh R. Electrocapillary phenomena at oil-water interfaces. Colloid Polym Sci 1968. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02125765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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1471
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Tasaki I, Watanabe A, Sandlin R, Carnay L. Changes in fluorescence, turbidity, and birefringence associated with nerve excitation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1968; 61:883-8. [PMID: 4301149 PMCID: PMC305410 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.61.3.883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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1472
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Watanabe A, Mori T, Nagata S, Hiwatashi K. Spatial sine-wave responses of the human visual system. Vision Res 1968; 8:1245-63. [PMID: 5682796 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6989(68)90031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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1473
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Kawai N, Watanabe A, Ishibashi J, Hiratuka H, Yaginuma T. Proposal of a new placental function index. Vascular score by macroscopic observation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1968; 101:810-9. [PMID: 5660980 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(68)90037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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1474
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Watanabe A, Kamijima K. [Autopsy case of congenital leukemia]. NIHON SHONIKA GAKKAI ZASSHI. ACTA PAEDIATRICA JAPONICA 1968; 72:531-6. [PMID: 5748781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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1475
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Miyaji K, Yamazaki S, Kashiwagi H, Takahashi S, Watanabe A. [Clinical findings on asthmatic diseases in the Yokkaichi district]. NAIKA. INTERNAL MEDICINE 1968; 21:850-8. [PMID: 5704133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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1476
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Watanabe A. [Excitatory reaction of the mollusca nerve in artificial solutions]. NIHON SEIRIGAKU ZASSHI. JOURNAL OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1968; 30:285-7. [PMID: 5693382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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1477
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Furusawa S, Watanabe A, Suga Y, Nomura T. [Anaemia hypochromica sideroachrestica hereditaria (Heilmeyer). Report of a family]. NIHON KETSUEKI GAKKAI ZASSHI : JOURNAL OF JAPAN HAEMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1968; 31:204-13. [PMID: 5752618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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1478
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Watanabe A, Sarngadharan MG, Pogell BM. Requirement of substrate for adenosine 5'-monophosphate binding to liver fructose 1,6-diphosphatase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1968; 30:697-703. [PMID: 4296018 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(68)90569-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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1479
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Watanabe A, Kimoto K, Sasaki H, Katsuki S, Morimatsu M. [Case of anterior pituitary hyperplasia following adrenalectomy in Cushing's syndrome]. NIHON NAIBUNPI GAKKAI ZASSHI 1968; 43:1077-82. [PMID: 4298018 DOI: 10.1507/endocrine1927.43.11_1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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1480
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Suzuki C, Nakada T, Watanabe A, Fujimura S, Kawakami M. Experimental studies of canine lung allotransplantation. The effect of cytotoxic agents and donor spleen cells for immunosuppressive treatment. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1968; 55:200-10. [PMID: 4867505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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1481
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Watanabe A, Kawada K, Suga Y. [Effect of tannins on iron absorption]. NAIKA. INTERNAL MEDICINE 1968; 21:149-52. [PMID: 5672987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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1482
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Noyori R, Watanabe A, Katô M. The reactive intermediate in the photoinduced alcohol addition of -2-cyclooctenone. Tetrahedron Lett 1968. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)89799-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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1483
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Watanabe A, Tasaki I, Lerman L. Bi-ionic action potentials in squid giant axons internally perfused with sodium saltssalts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1967; 58:2246-52. [PMID: 5242202 PMCID: PMC223827 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.58.6.2246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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1484
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Tasaki I, Watanabe A, Lerman L. Role of divalent cations in excitation of squid giant axons. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1967; 213:1465-74. [PMID: 6075747 DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1967.213.6.1465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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1485
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Katsuki S, Ito M, Watanabe A, Iino K, Yuji S, Kondo S. Effect of hypothalamic lesions on pituitary-adrenocortical responses to histamine and methopyrapone. Endocrinology 1967; 81:941-5. [PMID: 4293225 DOI: 10.1210/endo-81-5-941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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1486
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Koide Y, Kawai N, Watanabe A. A study of "Helle Zellen" in the human endometrium. JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE OBSTETRICAL & GYNECOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1967; 14:208-12. [PMID: 5583871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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1487
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Kudian A, Welsh HL, Watanabe A. Spectra of H2–Ar, H2–N2, and H2–CO van der Waals Complexes. J Chem Phys 1967. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1712117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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1488
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Watanabe A, Umezu M, Shinoda M, Endo M. [ECHO 6-type virus isolated from a case of acute cerebellar ataxia]. NIHON SHONIKA GAKKAI ZASSHI. ACTA PAEDIATRICA JAPONICA 1967; 71:653-6. [PMID: 5625450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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1489
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Watanabe A, Tabisz GC. Multiply diffracted light in Ebert monochromators. APPLIED OPTICS 1967; 6:1132-1134. [PMID: 20062143 DOI: 10.1364/ao.6.001132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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1490
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Sairenji M, Watanabe A, Murakami A, Shibazaki S, Watanabe I. [Postoperative serum hepatitis]. IRYO 1967; 21:440-6. [PMID: 6056295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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1491
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Abstract
Radiotracer techniques were used to study the influxes and effluxes of various univalent cations in internally perfused squid giant axons. Membrane currents and conductances were determined by the voltage-clamp technique under analogous internal and external conditions. Both sodium-containing and sodium-free internal and external media were studied. Membrane impedance was measured with an ac impedance bridge to determine the general magnitude and time course of the impedance loss which accompanied the excitation process in both varieties of external media. Maximum transmembrane currents were found to be of comparable magnitude to the charge transfer associated with the peak interdiffusion flux measured under the same conditions. The product of the membrane resistance and the interdiffusion flux remained constant over a wide range of resistance and flux values, both at rest and during activity, both in sodium-containing and sodium-free media. The implications of these findings for excitation theory are discussed.
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1492
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Watanabe A, Obara S, Akiyama T, Yumoto K. Electrical properties of the pacemaker neurons in the heart ganglion of a stomatopod, Squilla oratoria. J Gen Physiol 1967; 50:813-38. [PMID: 6034505 PMCID: PMC2225689 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.50.4.813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the Squilla heart ganglion, the pacemaker is located in the rostral group of cells. After spontaneous firing ceased, the electrophysiological properties of these cells were examined with intracellular electrodes. Cells respond to electrical stimuli with all-or-none action potentials. Direct stimulation by strong currents decreases the size of action potentials. Comparison with action potentials caused by axonal stimulation and analysis of time relations indicate that with stronger currents the soma membrane is directly stimulated whereas with weaker currents the impulse first arises in the axon and then invades the soma. Spikes evoked in a neuron spread into all other neurons. Adjacent cells are interconnected by electrotonic connections. Histologically axons are tied with the side-junction. B spikes of adjacent cells are blocked simultaneously by hyperpolarization or by repetitive stimulation. Experiments show that under such circumstances the B spike is not directly elicited from the A spike but is evoked by invasion of an impulse or electrotonic potential from adjacent cells. On rostral stimulation a small prepotential precedes the main spike. It is interpreted as an action potential from dendrites.
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1493
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Watanabe A, Obara S, Akiyama T. Pacemaker potentials for the periodic burst discharge in the heart ganglion of a stomatopod, Squilla oratoria. J Gen Physiol 1967; 50:839-62. [PMID: 6034506 PMCID: PMC2225693 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.50.4.839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
From somata of the pacemaker neurons in the Squilla heart ganglion, pacemaker potentials for the spontaneous periodic burst discharge are recorded with intracellular electrodes. The electrical activity is composed of slow potentials and superimposed spikes, and is divided into four types, which are: (a) "mammalian heart" type, (b) "slow generator" type, (c) "slow grower" type, and (d) "slow deficient" type. Since axons which are far from the somata do not produce slow potentials, the soma and dendrites must be where the slow potentials are generated. Hyperpolarization impedes generation of the slow potential, showing that it is an electrically excitable response. Membrane impedance increases on depolarization. Brief hyperpolarizing current can abolish the plateau but brief tetanic inhibitory fiber stimulation is more effective for the abolition. A single stimulus to the axon evokes the slow potential when the stimulus is applied some time after a previous burst. Repetitive stimuli to the axon are more effective in eliciting the slow potential, but the depolarization is not maintained on continuous stimulation. Synchronization of the slow potential among neurons is achieved by: (a) the electrotonic connections, with periodic change in resistance of the soma membrane, (b) active spread of the slow potential, and (c) synchronization through spikes.
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1494
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Watanabe A, Tasaki I, Singer I, Lerman L. Effects of tetrodotoxin on excitability of squid giant axons in sodium-free media. Science 1967; 155:95-7. [PMID: 6015570 DOI: 10.1126/science.155.3758.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The effect of tetrodotoxin on excitability of internally perfused squid giant axons immersed in various sodium-free media was examined. Action potentials were found to be suppressed by this substance, with or without sodium ion in the external medium. Tetrodotoxin showed a strong suppressive effect upon action potentials produced in media containing salts of only divalent cations (CaCl(2), CaBr(2), SrCl(2), or BaCl(2)). Our findings concerning the action of tetrodotoxin do not support the separate-channel hypothesis for excitable membranes.
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1495
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Watanabe A. [On visiting St. Mark's Hospital]. NIHON DAICHO KOMONBYO GAKKAI ZASSHI 1967; 20:139-45. [PMID: 5299439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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1496
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Watanabe A. Light and electron microscope studies on the saccus vasculosus of the ray (Dasyatis akajei). ARCHIVUM HISTOLOGICUM JAPONICUM = NIHON SOSHIKIGAKU KIROKU 1966; 27:427-49. [PMID: 6008510 DOI: 10.1679/aohc1950.27.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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1497
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Tasaki I, Watanabe A, Singer I. Excitability of squid giant axons in the absence of univalent cations in the external medium. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1966; 56:1116-22. [PMID: 5230137 PMCID: PMC220013 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.56.4.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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1498
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Tasaki I, Singer I, Watanabe A. Excitation of squid giant axons in sodium-free external media. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1966; 211:746-54. [PMID: 5927905 DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1966.211.3.746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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1499
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Watanabe A, Kameda A, Suga Y. [Hemorrhagic cystitis induced by cyclophosphamide (Endoxan)]. NIHON RINSHO. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE 1966; 24:1525-9. [PMID: 6008870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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1500
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Murakami A, Watanabe A, Sairenji M, Shibazaki S, Watanabe I. [Our operative method for external inguinal hernia and patient care]. SHUJUTSU. OPERATION 1966; 20:637-42. [PMID: 5975500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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