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De Morgan S, Redman S, D'Este C, Rogers K. Knowledge, satisfaction with information, decisional conflict and psychological morbidity amongst women diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Patient Educ Couns 2011; 84:62-68. [PMID: 20696544 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2010.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2009] [Revised: 06/25/2010] [Accepted: 07/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess knowledge, satisfaction with information, decisional conflict and psychological morbidity amongst women diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and to explore the factors associated with less knowledge and greater confusion about DCIS. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of women diagnosed with DCIS in Australia (N=144). RESULTS This study found misunderstanding and confusion amongst women diagnosed with DCIS and a desire for more information about their breast disease. Approximately half of participants worried about their breast disease metastasizing; approximately half expressed high decisional conflict; 12% were anxious and 2% were depressed. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that worry about dying from the breast disease was significantly associated with not knowing that DCIS could not metastasize (OR 3.9; 95% CI 1.03-14.25); and confusion about whether DCIS could metastasize was significantly associated with dissatisfaction with information (OR 12.5; 95% CI 3.8-40.2). CONCLUSION Good communication about how DCIS differs from invasive breast cancer is essential to alleviating the confusion and worry amongst women with DCIS. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Recommendations about how best to communicate a diagnosis of DCIS, including the uncertainties, are needed to guide health professionals to promote better understanding about DCIS and increase the well-being of women with DCIS.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Australia/epidemiology
- Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology
- Breast Neoplasms/psychology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/psychology
- Conflict, Psychological
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Decision Making
- Female
- Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
- Humans
- Logistic Models
- Middle Aged
- Morbidity
- Personal Satisfaction
- Physician-Patient Relations
- Stress, Psychological
- Uncertainty
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone De Morgan
- Faculty of Behavioural Science in Relation to Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
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153
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Bixby DL, Shepard DD, Rogers K, Avram AM, Kaminski MS. Safety of I-131 tositumomabin in lymphoma patients who are intolerant of rituximab. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e18531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Cameron D, Cline D, Eason M, Hobgood M, Jester M, Keys C, Paras G, Paras S, Rogers K, Smith M, Smoot R, Sparks R, Warren P, Welch G, Gabriel R, Wolf J, Ostrand‐Rosenberg S. Structural modeling of soluble CD80 glycoprotein and its role in immunotherapy. FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.lb160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Cameron
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - D. Cline
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - M. Eason
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - M. Hobgood
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - M. Jester
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - C. Keys
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - G. Paras
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - S. Paras
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - K. Rogers
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - M. Smith
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - R. Smoot
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - R. Sparks
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - P. Warren
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - G. Welch
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - R. Gabriel
- Henry E. Lackey High SchoolIndian HeadMD
| | - J. Wolf
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Maryland ‐ Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMD
| | - S. Ostrand‐Rosenberg
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Maryland ‐ Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMD
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Gupta SK, McGrath S, Rogers K, Attia J, Lewis G, Viswanathan S, Saul M, Allen L. Fixed dose (555 MBq; 15 mCi) radioiodine for the treatment of hyperthyroidism: outcome and its predictors. Intern Med J 2010; 40:854-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2010.02348.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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156
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Gladue DP, Holinka LG, Fernandez-Sainz IJ, Prarat MV, O'Donell V, Vepkhvadze N, Lu Z, Rogers K, Risatti GR, Borca MV. Effects of the interactions of classical swine fever virus Core protein with proteins of the SUMOylation pathway on virulence in swine. Virology 2010; 407:129-36. [PMID: 20800867 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Here we have identified host cell proteins involved with the cellular SUMOylation pathway, SUMO-1 (small ubiquitin-like modifier) and UBC9, a SUMO-1 conjugating enzyme that interact with classical swine fever virus (CSFV) Core protein. Five highly conserved lysine residues (K179, K180, K220, K221, and K246) within the CSFV Core were identified as putative SUMOylation sites. Analysis of these interactions showed that K179A, K180A, and K221A substitutions disrupt Core-SUMO-1 binding, while K220A substitution precludes Core-UBC9 binding. In vivo, Core mutant viruses (K179A, K180A, K220A, K221A) and (K220A, K221A) harboring those substitutions were attenuated in swine. These data shows a clear correlation between the disruption of Core protein binding to SUMO-1 and UBC9 and CSFV attenuation. Overall, these data suggest that the interaction of Core with the cellular SUMOylation pathway plays a significant role in the CSFV growth cycle in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Gladue
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944, USA.
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157
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Young LE, Helwegen MMGHJ, Rogers K, Kearns L, Schreiber C, Wood JLN. Associations between exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage, right ventricular dimensions and atrioventricular valve regurgitation in conditioned National Hunt racehorses. Equine Vet J 2010:193-7. [PMID: 17402417 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05538.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) and tricuspid (TR) and mitral valve regurgitation (MR) are conditions with high prevalence in conditioned Thoroughbreds. Stress failure of pulmonary capillaries, leading to EIPH, is most likely when pulmonary vascular pressure is increased, and mitral regurgitation can result in pulmonary venous hypertension. HYPOTHESIS There might be an association between MR and EIPH and the right ventricle (RV) of horses known to suffer repeated episodes of EIPH, as their hearts would be subject to higher pulmonary vascular pressures and cardiac output during training and hence increased RV afterload and preload. METHODS An echocardiographic and auscultation study was conducted in 121 race-fit National Hunt Thoroughbreds. Cardiac auscultation and echocardiography were performed. A guided M-mode image of the RV just below the tricuspid valve was obtained from a right parasternal location and colour flow Doppler (CFD) used to interrogate the tricuspid valve and right atrium. The mitral valve was similarly examined from the left hemithorax. Severity of TR and MR by CFD was graded. Binary data on EIPH, based on whether the horse was perceived to have a clinically significant problem with EIPH, were determined retrospectively for each horse by the horses' primary care veterinary surgeon from medical and other records. Data were analysed using a standard logistic regression analysis approach. RESULTS EIPH was significantly and positively associated with the systolic and diastolic dimensions of the RV (P = 0.017 and 0.011 respectively) and this association was not sensitive to the effects of age or weight. There were no significant associations between EIPH and TR or MR by auscultation or CFD (TR: auscultation P = 0.1; CFD P = 0.2 and MR: auscultation P = 0.07; CFD P = 0.37). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study was limited by the method used to classify EIPH, but there was no association between EIPH and horse age, weight, TR or MR in this population of Thoroughbreds. Nevertheless, RV internal dimension was greater in horses obviously affected by EIPH, suggesting that factors resulting in EIPH may directly or indirectly affect RV remodelling in athletic horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Young
- Specialist Veterinary Cardiology Services, Moat End, Dunstall Green Road, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK
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Helwegen MMGHJ, Young LE, Rogers K, Wood JLN. Measurements of right ventricular internal dimensions and their relationships to severity of tricuspid valve regurgitation in National Hunt Thoroughbreds. Equine Vet J 2010:171-7. [PMID: 17402414 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05535.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY The effect of tricuspid valve regurgitation (TR) in right ventricular (RV) chamber size has not been reported. METHODS An echocardiographic and auscultation study was conducted on 394 race-fit National Hunt Thoroughbreds (TBs) in 4 training yards. Auscultation was performed on each horse and audible murmurs of TR graded using a 1-6 scale. Echocardiography was also performed and standard, 2-dimensional (2D), short (SA) and long axis (LA) images of the RV obtained from a right parasternal location. An m-mode image was recorded from an SA view of the RV just below the level of the tricuspid valve. Colour flow Doppler (CFD) echocardiography was used to interrogate the tricuspid valve and right atrium. If retrograde flow was visible, representative recordings were also acquired. Severity of TR by CFD was graded using a subjective 1-9 scale. Measurements of RV chamber size in systole and diastole were made from archived 2D, LA, SA and m-mode images by a single observer unaware of the auscultation and CFD findings. To determine day-to-day repeatability of RV measurements from each imaging plane and of TR by CFD, 5 horses were examined on 5 consecutive days using an identical echocardiographic protocol. Images from 30 horses in the original dataset were also measured on a second occasion to determine the intra-observer repeatability. RESULTS There were significant positive correlations between the severity of TR by CFD and RV internal diameter from each image plane. In contrast, there were no significant associations between grade of TR by auscultation and any RV dimension. Data also showed that only RV measurements derived from M-mode images have acceptable intraobserver repeatability and similarly the M-mode measurements had the best overall day-to-day repeatability. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Data showed that TR assessed by CFD was positively associated with the diastolic and systolic dimensions of the RV, but failed to demonstrate a positive association between the presence of a murmur of TR and RV chamber size. M-mode and 2D echocardiography provided moderately reliable and repeatable methods for obtaining measurements of RV internal dimensions. M-mode images provide the most reliable and repeatable measurements, particularly for less experienced operators.
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Shabbir M, Costa L, Fouts T, Schaub C, Kistner-Griffin E, Maxwell C, Rogers K, Stuart R. Higher Rates Of Fatal Bacterial And Invasive Fungal Infections, But No Difference In Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Reactivation Seen With The Use Of Alemtuzumab In A Reduced Intensity Conditioning Regimen. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2009.12.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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160
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Newton JR, Rogers K, Marlin DJ, Wood JLN, Williams RB. Risk factors for epistaxis on British racecourses: evidence for locomotory impact-induced trauma contributing to the aetiology of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage. Equine Vet J 2010; 37:402-11. [PMID: 16163941 DOI: 10.2746/042516405774480049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY The proposed biological mechanisms for exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) are many and varied. Better knowledge of risk factors should lead to achievable measures to reduce the incidence. OBJECTIVES To identify risk factors associated with epistaxis following racing in UK Thoroughbreds, to gain possible insights into the pathogenesis of the condition and to investigate the association between epistaxis and race finishing position. METHODS The association of epistaxis occurring on UK racecourses between 1996 and 1998 with a wide range of race-, horse- and start-level variables was examined in multivariable mixed effect logistic regression analyses. Four multivariable analyses were conducted, one for all race types considered collectively and one each for flat, hurdle and steeplechase race types considered separately. RESULTS Risk of epistaxis was significantly increased for hurdle and steeplechase race types compared to both flat and National Hunt flat races. In 3 of the 4 final models, there was a significant biological trend for increasing risk of epistaxis with increasing ground hardness ('going') and accumulated years spent racing. However, in flat races epistaxis was such a rare outcome (0.33 cases per 1000 starts) that this subset analysis had insufficient power to measure the detectable effect of 'going' as statistically significant. Horses with epistaxis were significantly more likely to have a poorer finishing position than those without blood at the nostrils. CONCLUSIONS Findings were consistent with the theory that locomotory impact-induced trauma contributes to exercise-induced epistaxis. Further validation of this hypothesis through application of similar methods to endoscopically visible EIPH and through biomechanical studies is warranted. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE Knowledge of significant risk factors should allow formulation of practical measures, such as track watering, to reduce the risks of EIPH and epistaxis in racehorses.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Newton
- Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kenftord, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7UU, UK
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161
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Sahu M, Ahmed H, Kumaar S, Arumainayagam N, Rogers K, Scott R, Kirkham A, Allen C, Freeman A, Emberton M. UP-2.160: Treating Unilateral Localised Prostate Cancer with Hemi-Ablation High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU): Results of a NCRN-Approved Phase II Focal Therapy Clinical Trial. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sahu M, Ahmed H, Kumaar S, Arumainayagam N, Rogers K, Scott R, Kirkham A, Allen C, Freeman A, Emberton M. UP-2.161: Focal High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) Therapy in the Treatment of Localised Prostate Cancer: Early Results of a Phase II Trial. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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163
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Banks E, Jorm L, Lujic S, Rogers K. Health, ageing and private health insurance: baseline results from the 45 and Up Study cohort. Aust New Zealand Health Policy 2009; 6:17. [PMID: 19638201 PMCID: PMC2724511 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8462-6-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 07/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Correction to Banks E, Jorm L, Lujic S, Rogers K. Health, ageing and private health insurance: baseline results from the 45 and Up Study cohort. ANZ Health Policy 2009; 6: 16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Banks
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, ACT 0200, Australia.,The Sax Institute, P.O. Box 123, Broadway NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Louisa Jorm
- School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC NSW 1797, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC NSW 1797, Australia
| | - Sanja Lujic
- School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC NSW 1797, Australia
| | - Kris Rogers
- The Sax Institute, P.O. Box 123, Broadway NSW 2007, Australia
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Banks E, Jorm L, Lujic S, Rogers K. Health, ageing and private health insurance: baseline results from the 45 and Up Study cohort. Aust New Zealand Health Policy 2009; 6:16. [PMID: 19594895 PMCID: PMC2719656 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8462-6-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2008] [Accepted: 07/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background This study investigates the relationships between health and lifestyle factors, age and private health insurance (PHI) in a large Australian population-based cohort study of people aged 45 years and over; the 45 and Up Study. Unlike previous Australian analyses of relationships between health, lifestyle and PHI, it incorporates adjustment for multiple confounding socioeconomic and demographic factors. Recruitment into the 45 and Up Study began in February 2006 and these analyses relate to the first 103,042 participants who joined the study prior to July 2008. Results The proportion with PHI decreased with increasing age. The factors independently and most strongly associated with having PHI were: higher income; higher educational attainment; not holding a health care concession card; not being of Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander origin; being a non-smoker; high levels of self-rated health and functional capacity; and low levels of psychological distress. These factors increased the probability of having PHI by 16% to 125%, compared to individuals without these characteristics. PHI coverage was significantly but only marginally higher in people reporting non-melanoma skin cancer (adjusted RR 1.04, 95%CI 1.03–1.05), prostate cancer (1.09, 1.06–1.11) or an enlarged prostate (1.07, 1.06–1.09), those reporting a family history of a range of conditions (e.g. 1.02, 1.01–1.03 for a family history of heart disease; 1.03, 1.02–1.04 for a family history of prostate cancer) and lower in people reporting diabetes (0.92, 0.91–0.94) or stroke (0.91, 0.88–0.94), compared to people who did not have these medical or family histories. PHI was higher in those reporting certain surgical procedures with RRs (95%CI) of 1.12 (1.09–1.15) for hip replacement, 1.10 (1.08–1.13) for knee replacement and 1.12 (1.09–1.15) for prostatectomy, compared to those not reporting these interventions. Conclusion Compared to the rest of the study population, those with PHI are richer, better educated, more health conscious, in better health and more likely to use certain discretionary health services. Hence, PHI use is generally highest among those with the least need for health care. Whether or not people have PHI is more strongly associated with demographic and lifestyle factors than with health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Banks
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, ACT 0200, Australia.,The Sax Institute, PO Box 123, Broadway NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Louisa Jorm
- School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC NSW 1797, Australia.,The Sax Institute, PO Box 123, Broadway NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sanja Lujic
- School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC NSW 1797, Australia
| | - Kris Rogers
- The Sax Institute, PO Box 123, Broadway NSW 2007, Australia
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Kelly B, Cretikos M, Rogers K, King L. The commercial food landscape: outdoor food advertising around primary schools in Australia. Aust N Z J Public Health 2009; 32:522-8. [PMID: 19076742 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.2008.00303.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Food marketing is linked to childhood obesity through its influence on children's food preferences, purchase requests and food consumption. We aimed to describe the volume and nature of outdoor food advertisements and factors associated with outdoor food advertising in the area surrounding Australian primary schools. METHODS Forty primary schools in Sydney and Wollongong were selected using random sampling within population density and socio-economic strata. The area within a 500 m radius of each school was scanned and advertisements coded according to pre-defined criteria, including: food or non-food product advertisement, distance from the school, size and location. Food advertisements were further categorised as core foods, non-core foods and miscellaneous drinks (tea and coffee). RESULTS The number of advertisements identified was 9,151, of which 2,286 (25%) were for food. The number of non-core food advertisements was 1,834, this accounted for 80% of food advertisements. Soft drinks and alcoholic beverages were the food products most commonly advertised around primary schools (24% and 22% of food advertisements, respectively). Non-core food products were twice as likely to be advertised close to a primary school (95 non-core food advertisements per km(2) within 250 m vs. 46 advertisements per km(2) within 250-500 m). CONCLUSIONS The density of non-core food advertisements within 500 m of primary schools, and the potential for repeated exposure of children to soft drink and alcoholic beverage advertisements in particular, highlights the need for outdoor food marketing policy intervention. IMPLICATIONS Outdoor advertising is an important food marketing tool that should be considered in future debates on regulation of food marketing to children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Kelly
- NSW Centre for Overweight and Obesity, School of Public Health, Medical Foundation Building, University of Sydney, New South Wales.
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Kelly B, Cretikos M, Rogers K, King L. The commercial food landscape: outdoor food advertising around primary schools in Australia. Aust N Z J Public Health 2008. [PMID: 19076742 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Food marketing is linked to childhood obesity through its influence on children's food preferences, purchase requests and food consumption. We aimed to describe the volume and nature of outdoor food advertisements and factors associated with outdoor food advertising in the area surrounding Australian primary schools. METHODS Forty primary schools in Sydney and Wollongong were selected using random sampling within population density and socio-economic strata. The area within a 500 m radius of each school was scanned and advertisements coded according to pre-defined criteria, including: food or non-food product advertisement, distance from the school, size and location. Food advertisements were further categorised as core foods, non-core foods and miscellaneous drinks (tea and coffee). RESULTS The number of advertisements identified was 9,151, of which 2,286 (25%) were for food. The number of non-core food advertisements was 1,834, this accounted for 80% of food advertisements. Soft drinks and alcoholic beverages were the food products most commonly advertised around primary schools (24% and 22% of food advertisements, respectively). Non-core food products were twice as likely to be advertised close to a primary school (95 non-core food advertisements per km(2) within 250 m vs. 46 advertisements per km(2) within 250-500 m). CONCLUSIONS The density of non-core food advertisements within 500 m of primary schools, and the potential for repeated exposure of children to soft drink and alcoholic beverage advertisements in particular, highlights the need for outdoor food marketing policy intervention. IMPLICATIONS Outdoor advertising is an important food marketing tool that should be considered in future debates on regulation of food marketing to children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Kelly
- NSW Centre for Overweight and Obesity, School of Public Health, Medical Foundation Building, University of Sydney, New South Wales.
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Coiera E, Westbrook JI, Rogers K. Clinical decision velocity is increased when meta-search filters enhance an evidence retrieval system. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2008; 15:638-46. [PMID: 18579828 DOI: 10.1197/jamia.m2765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test whether the use of an evidence retrieval system that uses clinically targeted meta-search filters can enhance the rate at which clinicians make correct decisions, reduce the effort involved in locating evidence, and provide an intuitive match between clinical tasks and search filters. DESIGN A laboratory experiment under controlled conditions asked 75 clinicians to answer eight randomly sequenced clinical questions, using one of two randomly assigned search engines. The first search engine Quick Clinical (QC) was equipped with meta-search filters (the combined use of meta-search and search filters) designed to answer typical clinical questions e.g., treatment, diagnosis, and the second 'library model' system (LM) offered free access to an identical evidence set with no filter support. MEASUREMENTS Changes in clinical decision making were measured by the proportion of correct post-search answers provided to questions, the time taken to answer questions, and the number of searches and links to documents followed in a search session. The intuitive match between meta-search filters and clinical tasks was measured by the proportion and distribution of filters selected for individual clinical questions. RESULTS Clinicians in the two groups performed equally well pre-search. Post search answers improved overall by 21%, with 52.2% of answers correct with QC and 54.7% with LM (chi(2) = 0.33, df = 1, p > 0.05). Users of QC obtained a significantly greater percentage of their correct answers within the first two minutes of searching compared to LM users (QC 58.2%; LM 32.9%; chi(2) = 19.203, df = 1, p < 0.001). There was a statistical difference for QC and LM survival curves, which plotted overall time to answer questions, irrespective of answer (Wilcoxon, p = 0.019) and for the average time to provide a correct answer (Wilcoxon, p = 0.006). The QC system users conducted significantly fewer searches per scenario (m = 3.0 SD = 1.15 versus m = 5.5 SD1.97, t = 6.63, df = 72, p = 0.0001). Clinicians using the QC system followed fewer document links than did those who used LM (respectively 3.9 links SD = 1.20 versus 4.7 links SD = 1.79, t = 2.13, df = 72, p = 0.0368). In 6 of the 8 questions, two meta-search filters accounted for 89% or more of clinicians' first choice, suggesting the choice of filter intuitively matched the clinical decision task at hand. CONCLUSIONS Meta-search filters result in clinicians arriving at answers more quickly than unconstrained searches across information sources, and appear to increase the rate with which correct decisions are made. In time restricted clinical settings meta-search filters may thus improve overall decision accuracy, as fewer searches that could otherwise lead to a correct answer are abandoned. Meta-search filters appear to be intuitive to use, suggesting that the simplicity of the user model would fit very well into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Coiera
- Centre for Health Informatics, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia.
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Swinnen LJ, Flinn IW, Kahl BS, Frey E, Rogers K, Jung M, Jacene H, Wahl RL. Phase I trial of yttrium 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan ( 90Y-RIT) with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.8565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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169
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Young L, Rogers K, Wood J. Heart Murmurs and Valvular Regurgitation in Thoroughbred Racehorses: Epidemiology and Associations with Athletic Performance. J Vet Intern Med 2008; 22:418-26. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2008.0053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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170
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Kramer C, Fouts T, Rogers K, Naert S, Nista E, Garner K. 426: Infusion Confusion: How to Teach the Art of HPC Infusion. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2007.12.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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171
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Freeman J, Rogers K, Roberts S. Pseudo-outbreak of Aspergillus keratitis following construction in an ophthalmology ward. J Hosp Infect 2007; 67:104-5. [PMID: 17719132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2007.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2007] [Accepted: 07/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
The Oxford hip and knee scores have been extensively used since they were first described in 1996 and 1998. During this time, they have been modified and used for many different purposes. This paper describes how they should be used and seeks to clarify areas of confusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Murray
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, UK.
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173
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Lightfoot G, Jose-Cunilleras E, Rogers K, Newton JR, Young LE. An echocardiographic and auscultation study of right heart responses to training in young national hunt thoroughbred horses. Equine Vet J 2007:153-8. [PMID: 17402411 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05532.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY There are few data available to determine the effect of training on cardiac valve function. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of commercial race training on right ventricular (RV) and tricuspid valve function in an untrained group of National Hunt Thoroughbreds (TB). MATERIAL AND METHODS Cardiac auscultation, guided M-mode echocardiography of the RV, and colour flow Doppler (CFD) tricuspid valve and right atrium were performed in 90 TB horses (age 2-7 years) 1998-2003. Forty horses were examined at least once and 48 horses were examined on at least 2 occasions. Examinations were then classified as: i) before commencement of race training, ii) after cantering exercise had been sustained for a period of 8-12 weeks and iii) at full race fitness. Tricuspid valve regurgitation (TR) murmurs were graded on a 1-6 scale and CFD echocardiography TR signals were graded on a 1-9 scale. Right ventricular internal diameter (RVID) in diastole and systole (RVIDd and RVIDs) was measured by guided M-mode. Associations between continuous RVID and TR measures and explanatory covariates of weight, age, heart rate, yard and stage of training were examined using general linear mixed models with horse-level random effects. RESULTS On average, RVIDd and RVIDs increased by 0.08 and 0.1 cm, respectively, per year increase in age (P = 0.1 and 0.02) and by 0.3 and 0.4 cm, respectively between pretraining and race fitness (P = 0.07 and 0.005). Tricuspid regurgitation score by colour flow Doppler increased by 0.6/year with age (P<0.0001) and by 1.8 between pretraining and race fitness (P<0.0001). No significant associations were found between any outcomes and weight, heart rate and training yard. Due to the high level of colinearity between age and training, multivariable models including both terms were not interpretable. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Athletic training of horses exerts independent effects on both severity and prevalence of tricuspid valve incompetence. This effect should therefore be taken into account when examinations are performed. Dimensions of RV increase with age and training in TB horses in a manner that appears to be similar to that of the LV.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lightfoot
- Specialist Veterinary Cardiology Services, Ousden, Suffolk, UK
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174
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Seebacher F, Rogers K. Developmental and sex-specific plasticity of metabolic function. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.01.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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175
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Gold SM, Dziobek I, Sweat V, Tirsi A, Rogers K, Bruehl H, Tsui W, Richardson S, Javier E, Convit A. Hippocampal damage and memory impairments as possible early brain complications of type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2007; 50:711-9. [PMID: 17334649 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-007-0602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2006] [Accepted: 01/09/2007] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS There is evidence that type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with cognitive impairment. Most studies investigating this association have evaluated elderly individuals, after many years of diabetes, who generally have poor glycaemic control and significant vascular disease. The aim of the current study was to investigate the early cognitive consequences and associated brain correlates of type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS With regard to cognition and brain measures, we compared 23 age-, sex- and education-matched control subjects with 23 mostly middle-aged individuals with relatively well-controlled diabetes of less than 10 years from the time of diagnosis. RESULTS We found deficits in hippocampal-based memory performance and preservation of other cognitive domains. Relative to control subjects, individuals with diabetes had reductions in brain volumes that were restricted to the hippocampus. There was an inverse relationship between glycaemic control and hippocampal volume; in multivariate regression analysis, HbA(1c) was the only significant predictor of hippocampal volume, accounting for 33% of the observed variance. Other variables commonly associated with type 2 diabetes, such as elevated BMI, hypertension or dyslipidaemia, did not independently contribute to the variance in hippocampal volume. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results suggest that the medial temporal lobe may be the first brain site affected by type 2 diabetes and that individuals in poorer metabolic control may be affected to a greater extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Gold
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, HN-400, New York, NY 10016, USA
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176
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Rogers K, Thomas M, Johnston P, Longley D. 482 POSTER c-FLIP regulates the interaction between interferon-gamma and doxorubicin in breast cancer cells. EJC Suppl 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(06)70487-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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177
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Falzon G, Pearson S, Murison R, Hall C, Siu K, Evans A, Rogers K, Lewis R. Wavelet-based feature extraction applied to small-angle x-ray scattering patterns from breast tissue: a tool for differentiating between tissue types. Phys Med Biol 2006; 51:2465-77. [PMID: 16675863 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/51/10/007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports on the application of wavelet decomposition to small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) patterns from human breast tissue produced by a synchrotron source. The pixel intensities of SAXS patterns of normal, benign and malignant tissue types were transformed into wavelet coefficients. Statistical analysis found significant differences between the wavelet coefficients describing the patterns produced by different tissue types. These differences were then correlated with position in the image and have been linked to the supra-molecular structural changes that occur in breast tissue in the presence of disease. Specifically, results indicate that there are significant differences between healthy and diseased tissues in the wavelet coefficients that describe the peaks produced by the axial d-spacing of collagen. These differences suggest that a useful classification tool could be based upon the spectral information within the axial peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Falzon
- Department of Physics and Electronics, School of Biological, Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
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178
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Abstract
Survival analysis was used to assess risk factors for fatal injuries on UK race courses. This allowed assessment of variation due to temporal horse-level effects, including previous racing intensity and historical distribution of race types, as well as race-level factors. Comparisons were made between measuring survival time as number of days and as number of races to injury from the first race. Two related models were presented for time as number of races to injury: a Cox regression model fitted using partial likelihood, with the Efron approximation to handling ties, and a discrete-time logit model fitted using maximum likelihood. The latter approach had the advantages of being computationally more efficient and enabling the testing of different functional forms for the dependence of hazard on time. Retrospective data were available from all race starts on the 59 courses in Britain from 1990 to the end of 1999, as analysed by . The analysis was conducted on the data for the 47,424 horses that had started racing in the UK: 538,895 starts with 1,228 fatal injuries. Horses starting racing abroad were excluded, but some included horses would have raced abroad at some stage during their racing career. The results for the selected models were broadly consistent with each other and with previously published studies. Steeplechase and hurdle races had a higher risk of fatal injury than flat races (relative hazards 1.5 and 1.7, respectively). Risk increased with the firmness of surface, age and race distance (reaching a plateau at 20 furlongs) and decreased with previous racing intensity (reaching a plateau after seven races run in the last 12 months). Horses running their first race of a new type were also found to be at higher risk (relative hazard 1.5). The main difference between the models for time as number of days and number of races concerned the role of age: age at race was identified as the more important factor in the latter model, whereas, age at first race was more significant in the former model.
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Affiliation(s)
- W E Henley
- Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7UU, UK.
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179
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Skinner PP, Ogunbiyi OA, Scholefield JH, Start RD, Smith JHF, Sharp F, Rogers K. Skin appendage involvement in anal intraepithelial neoplasia. Br J Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2168.1997.02645.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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180
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Benson EA, Narayanan K, Rogers K, Scholefield JH, Duncan JL. Breast abscesses. Br J Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.1800740942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - K Rogers
- Clinical Sciences Centre, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - J H Scholefield
- Clinical Sciences Centre, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - J L Duncan
- Clinical Sciences Centre, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK
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181
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Scholefield JH, Duncan JL, Rogers K. Mammary duct ectasia. Br J Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.1800731034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - J L Duncan
- Northern General Hospital, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK
| | - K Rogers
- Northern General Hospital, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK
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182
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Young LE, Rogers K, Wood JLN. Left ventricular size and systolic function in Thoroughbred racehorses and their relationships to race performance. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2005; 99:1278-85. [PMID: 15920096 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01319.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac morphology in human athletes is known to differ, depending on the sports-specific endurance component of their events, whereas anecdotes abound about superlative athletes with large hearts. As the heart determines stroke volume and maximum O2 uptake in mammals, we undertook a study to test the hypothesis that the morphology of the equine heart would differ between trained horses, depending on race type, and that left ventricular size would be greatest in elite performers. Echocardiography was performed in 482 race-fit Thoroughbreds engaged in either flat (1,000–2,500 m) or jump racing (3,200–6,400 m). Body weight and sex-adjusted measures of left ventricular size were largest in horses engaged in jump racing over fixed fences, compared with horses running shorter distances on the flat (range 8–16%). The observed differences in cardiac morphologies suggest that subtle differences in training and competition result in cardiac adaptations that are appropriate to the endurance component of the horses' event. Derived left ventricular mass was strongly associated with published rating (quality) in horses racing over longer distances in jump races ( P ≤ 0.001), but less so for horses in flat races. Rather, left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular mass combined were positively associated with race rating in older flat racehorses running over sprint (<1,408 m) and longer distances (>1,408 m), explaining 25–35% of overall variation in performance, as well as being closely associated with performance in longer races over jumps (23%). These data provide the first direct evidence that cardiac size influences athletic performance in a group of mammalian running athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Young
- Centre for Equine Studies, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK.
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183
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Singh RH, Nichols MD, Rogers K, Ghanem KG, Blumenthal PD. Subjective predictors of pain in women undergoing electrical vacuum aspiration versus those undergoing manual vacuum aspiration for first-trimester abortion. Contraception 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2005.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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184
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Raisis AL, Blissitt KJ, Henley W, Rogers K, Adams V, Young LE. The effects of halothane and isoflurane on cardiovascular function in laterally recumbent horses. Br J Anaesth 2005; 95:317-25. [PMID: 15980042 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aei180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental studies in adult horses have shown that general anaesthesia maintained with isoflurane is associated with less depression of cardiovascular function compared with halothane anaesthesia. Adverse effects of intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (IPPV) have also been demonstrated. Nevertheless, the haemodynamic effects of these agents and the effects of differing modes of ventilation have not been assessed during clinical anaesthesia in horses undergoing surgery. METHODS The haemodynamic effects of isoflurane or halothane anaesthesia during spontaneous or IPPV were studied non-invasively in 32 laterally recumbent horses undergoing elective surgery. Indices of cardiac function and measurements of femoral arterial blood flow and resistance were recorded using transoesophageal and transcutaneous Doppler echocardiography, respectively. Arterial pressure was measured directly using a facial artery catheter. RESULTS Cardiac index (CI) was significantly higher during isoflurane anaesthesia than during halothane anaesthesia and was also higher during spontaneous ventilation with isoflurane. CI decreased significantly over time and an inverse relationship was observed between CI and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Horses with higher MAP had a significantly lower CI. During isoflurane anaesthesia, femoral arterial blood flow was significantly higher in both pelvic limbs compared with halothane anaesthesia, and flow in the lower limb was significantly higher during spontaneous ventilation than during IPPV. No significant change in femoral blood flow was observed over time. CONCLUSION The effects of anaesthetics and mode of ventilation on cardiovascular function recorded under surgical conditions in horses are similar to those reported under experimental conditions. However, in contrast with previous experimental studies, CI progressively decreased over time regardless of agent used or mode of ventilation employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Raisis
- Department of Equine Clinical Studies, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK
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185
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Rogers K, Saintilan N, Heijnis H. Mangrove encroachment of salt marsh in Western Port Bay, Victoria: The role of sedimentation, subsidence, and sea level rise. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02696066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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186
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Abstract
We describe a case of disseminated Beauveria bassiana infection in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Her infection was successfully treated with amphotericin B and itraconazole. B. bassiana is rarely reported as a human pathogen. It is commonly found in soil and because of its pathogenicity to many insect species is incorporated into several pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Tucker
- Department of Hematology, Dunedin Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand
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187
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Khan OA, Rogers K, Beggs FD, Soomro I. Lung metastases as an initial presentation of endometrial stromal sarcoma: the utility of the CD10 antibody. Histopathology 2004; 45:544-6. [PMID: 15500662 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2004.01942.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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188
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Foland JA, Fortenberry JD, Warshaw BL, Pettignano R, Merritt RK, Heard ML, Rogers K, Reid C, Tanner AJ, Easley KA. Fluid overload before continuous hemofiltration and survival in critically ill children: a retrospective analysis. Crit Care Med 2004; 32:1771-6. [PMID: 15286557 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000132897.52737.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) is used for renal replacement and fluid management in critically ill children. A previous small study suggested that survival was associated with less percent fluid overload (%FO) in the intensive care unit (ICU) before hemofiltration. We reviewed our experience with a large series of pediatric CVVH patients to evaluate factors associated with outcome. DESIGN Retrospective chart review. SETTING Tertiary children's hospital. PATIENTS CVVH pediatric ICU patients from November 1997 to January 2003. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS %FO was defined as total fluid input minus output (up to 7 days before CVVH for both hospital stay and ICU stay) divided by body weight. One hundred thirteen patients received CVVH; 69 survived (61%). Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) was present in 103 patients; 59 survived (57%). Median patient age was 9.6 yrs (25th, 75th percentile: 2.5, 14.3). Median %FO was significantly lower in survivors vs. nonsurvivors for all patients (7.8% [2.0, 16.7] vs. 15.1% [4.9, 25.9]; p =.02] and in patients with > or =3-organ MODS (9.2% [5.1,16.7] vs. 15.5% [8.3, 28.6]; p =.01). The Pediatric Risk of Mortality Score III at CVVH initiation also was associated with survival in these groups, but by multivariate analysis, %FO was independently associated with survival in patients with > or =3-organ MODS (p =.01). CONCLUSIONS Survival in critically ill children receiving CVVH in this large series was higher than in previous reports. CVVH survival may be associated with less %FO in patients with > or =3-organ MODS. Prospective studies are necessary to determine whether earlier use of CVVH to control fluid overload in critically ill children can improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Foland
- Divisions of Critical Care and ECMO/Advanced Technologies, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta at Egleston, 1405 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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189
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Rogers K, Cammarat A. Additions and Corrections - Superdelocalizability and Charge Densitiy. A Correlation with Partition Coefficients. J Med Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jm00306a610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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190
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Foster AP, Littlewood JD, Webb P, Wood JLN, Rogers K, Shaw SE. Comparison of intradermal and serum testing for allergen-specific IgE using a Fcepsilon RIalpha-based assay in atopic dogs in the UK. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2003; 93:51-60. [PMID: 12753775 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2427(03)00052-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis in dogs is a common allergic skin disease that affects substantial numbers of dogs in the UK. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of an intradermal test (IDT) and an in vitro test in a large cohort of dogs. Dogs were intradermal tested with Greer allergens (Greer Labs Inc, Lenoir, NC, USA) using standard techniques. At the same time blood samples were drawn and submitted for evaluation by ELISA using the ALLERCEPT Definitive Allergen Panels for allergen-specific IgE, a commercial assay that uses a biotinylated recombinant extracellular domain of the high affinity Fc-epsilon receptor alpha chain protein (Fcepsilon RIalpha). The allergens used in the two tests included grass, tree and weed pollens, moulds, flea saliva/whole flea extract and house dust mite species. The optical density readings from the ELISA for each allergen were compared with the results of the IDT for 265 dogs. The prevalence of positive reactions in the ELISA was equal to or greater than the results of the IDT in the case of almost all of the allergens, but two notable exceptions were the house dust mites Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. These two allergens were the most common positive reactions by IDT (prevalence D. farinae 78.9%, D. pteronyssinus 66.4%). The results of the two tests were significantly different (McNemar's test, P<0.05) for 16 of the 22 allergens. The sensitivities of the ELISA compared to the IDT (where there were more than 3 dogs with positive reactions in both tests) varied between 19.3 and 77.1% (D. pteronyssinus 19.3% and D. farinae 67.9%) and the specificities varied between 64.2 and 96.6% (D. pteronyssinus 96.6% and D. farinae 89.3%).
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Foster
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, North Somerset BS40 5DU, UK.
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191
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Grice ID, Garhnam B, Pierens G, Rogers K, Tindal D, Griffiths LR. Isolation of two phenylethanoid glycosides from Eremophila gilesii. J Ethnopharmacol 2003; 86:123-125. [PMID: 12686451 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(03)00034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The leaves of Eremophila gilesii have been used traditionally to treat colds, headaches, sores, and chest pains. Our previous screening of Australian native plants showed that the methanol extract of the aerial parts of E. gilesii demonstrated notable inhibition of ADP-induced human platelet aggregation and serotonin release. Subsequent fractionation on the methanol extract led to the isolation of two phenylethanoid glycosides, verbascoside (1) and poliumoside (2). This is the first study reporting the presence of phenylethanoid glycosides in E. gilesii.
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Affiliation(s)
- I D Grice
- Centre for Biomolecular Science and Drug Discovery, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, PMB 50, GCMC Gold Coast 9726, Qld, Australia.
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Ohsawa K, Black DH, Sato H, Rogers K, Eberle R. Sequence and genetic arrangement of the UL region of the monkey B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) genome and comparison with the UL region of other primate herpesviruses. Arch Virol 2003; 148:989-97. [PMID: 12721804 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-003-0011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The complete DNA sequence of the unique long (U(L)) region of monkey B virus (BV) was determined. Based on sequence homology and the presence of transcriptional control element motifs, homologues of every open reading frame present in the U(L) region of the Human herpesvirus 1 (herpes simplex virus 1, HSV-1) and Human herpesvirus 2 (herpes simplex virus 2, HSV-2) genomes were identified in BV. The BV genes are arranged in the same order and orientation as in HSV. These results demonstrate that the BV U(L) region is entirely co-linear with that of HSV-1 and HSV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ohsawa
- Laboratory Animal Center for Biomedical Research, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
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193
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Wood JLN, Lakhani KH, Rogers K. Heritability and epidemiology of canine hip-dysplasia score and its components in Labrador retrievers in the United Kingdom. Prev Vet Med 2002; 55:95-108. [PMID: 12350314 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5877(02)00090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hip-dysplasia (malformation of the coxofemoral joint) in dogs is a major health problem. Under the British Veterinary Association/Kennel Club's voluntary hip-dysplasia scheme, dog-owners/breeders submit radiographs from animals >1-year-old, to ensure adequate skeletal maturity. An overall hip score quantifies the degree of malformation in the hip joints of these animals, by summing the scores for nine components of the radiographs of both the left and right joints. The hip score data for 29,610 Labrador retrievers (registered with The Kennel Club, UK) were merged with the Kennel Club pedigree database for 472,435 Labrador retrievers. The merged data included the animal's identity, date of birth, sex and hip score and similar records for the dog's relatives, including the hip score if the relative had been tested. In recent years, breeding had been increasingly from tested parents. The mean hip score for male Labradors was significantly higher than that for females. Regression modelling showed a significant, positive dependence of the hip score of the offspring upon the hip scores of its sire, dam and grandparents. Genetic heritability (using data from 13,382 Labrador retrievers comprising 718 litters) was highly significant: 0.34 from the two parents, 0.41 from sire alone and 0.30 from dam alone. Using components data from 2038 offspring Labrador retrievers comprising 1248 litters, three similar estimates of heritability were significant for three major components (Norberg angle, cranial acetabular edge and subluxation); for other components, heritability was significant from the sire but not from the dam. Offspring hip score could be reduced substantially by using only parents with zero hip score.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L N Wood
- Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Newmarket, Kentford CB8 7UU, Suffolk, UK.
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194
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Abstract
Neoplasia is common in pet dogs but accurate figures for the incidence of tumours in this, as in other species, are sparse. The purpose of this study was to document the occurrence of tumours in a defined population of dogs. From a database of 130,684 insured dogs, claims relating to the investigation or treatment of tumours or tumour-like lesions during a 12-month period were accessed and followed up. A total of 2,546 claims were tumour related and were classified according to tumour site and type. Because the demographics of the insured population were skewed towards younger animals, a standard population, as described in the veterinary literature, was used in the calculation of tumour incidence rates. The skin and soft tissues were the most common sites for tumour development, with a standardised incidence rate of 1,437 per 100,000 dogs per year, followed by alimentary (210), mammary (205), urogenital (139), lymphoid (134), endocrine (113) and oropharyngeal (112). Canine cutaneous histiocytoma was the most common single tumour type, with a standardised incidence rate of 337 per 100,000 dogs per year, followed by lipoma (318), adenoma (175), soft tissue sarcoma (142), mast cell tumour (129) and lymphosarcoma (114). These data are unique and provide a valuable basis for future research into the aetiology and epidemiology of canine tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Dobson
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge
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195
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Kostrubsky VE, Vore M, Kindt E, Burliegh J, Rogers K, Peter G, Altrogge D, Sinz MW. The effect of troglitazone biliary excretion on metabolite distribution and cholestasis in transporter-deficient rats. Drug Metab Dispos 2001; 29:1561-6. [PMID: 11717175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether lack of the canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter in transport-deficient (TR-) rats would result in plasma and urinary accumulation of troglitazone or its major metabolites and whether any accumulation would be associated with increased levels of bilirubin or bile acids. Administration of a single oral dose of troglitazone (200 mg/kg) to TR- rats resulted in 2- and 50-fold increases in plasma levels and 30- and 500-fold increases in urinary amounts of troglitazone sulfate and troglitazone glucuronide, respectively, compared with normal rats. No changes were found in the plasma concentrations and urinary amounts of troglitazone or troglitazone-quinone. Accumulation of troglitazone metabolites in plasma was accompanied by a 2-fold increase in the serum level of conjugated bilirubin in TR- rats, whereas no changes were observed in normal animals. Bile acids were detected in the urine of both TR- and normal rats, with an average 3-fold greater level found in the urine of TR- animals. Biliary metabolic profiles revealed a delay in the secretion of troglitazone sulfate and troglitazone glucuronide in TR- rats over the first 2- and 4-h periods, respectively. These results demonstrate the role of multidrug resistant associated protein-2 in biliary secretion of troglitazone glucuronide and troglitazone sulfate and suggest the presence of compensatory mechanisms responsible for transport of troglitazone metabolites and bilirubin-glucuronide at the basolateral and canalicular sites of hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V E Kostrubsky
- Department of Drug Safety Evaluation Department, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA.
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196
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Hill PC, Rogers K, McKinney WP, Morris AJ, Holland DJ. Antifungal susceptibilities of Candida sp. in New Zealand. N Z Med J 2001; 114:528-9. [PMID: 11795573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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197
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Baker J, Rogers K, Thomas A. A patient pathway to renal replacement therapy: implementation in the progressive renal insufficiency population. CANNT J 2001; 11:18-22. [PMID: 11885346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Care paths and patient pathways are collaborative interdisciplinary tools developed to provide quality care. One goal in progressive renal insufficiency (PRI) care is to provide patients and family members with relevant and timely information to help them cope with medical therapy and lifestyle changes required to slow the progression of renal insufficiency. At Halton Healthcare Services, clinical and patient pathways have been widely used with success. Recognizing the potential benefits of a patient pathway for the PRI population, our interdisciplinary team developed a pathway that outlines the journey to renal replacement therapy. The pathway provides the patient with some insight into the future, as their disease process continues to have impact on their life. Reviewed by a patient within our PRI program during the development process, we have tailored this pathway to meet the needs of this unique population. We predict this patient pathway will have positive impact on the patient's understanding of the role of the PRI clinic and the partnership between the team members, the patient, and the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Baker
- Halton Healthcare Services Corporation, Oakville-Trafalgar Memorial Hospital Site, Oakville, Ontario
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198
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A new technique of 805 nm semiconductor diode laser-tissue interaction potentiation using indocyanine green (ICG) as an exogenous chromophore has been assessed for use in the palliation of advanced gastrointestinal malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The tissue effects of ICG potentiated 805 nm laser were assessed both in-vivo using rat stomach and colon, and in vitro using normal and neoplastic human gastric and colonic mucosa. RESULTS Intravenous ICG did not potentiate the laser-tissue effects of the 805 nm laser in in-vivo studies. Local techniques of ICG application (submucosal injection +/- surface painting of 0.1% ICG solution) enhanced the total depth and diameter of laser induced thermal injury in all in-vitro tissues. Without ICG enhancement thermal tissue injury was minimal in normal gastric and colonic mucosa. CONCLUSION Local techniques of ICG application enhance laser induced thermal injury in normal and neoplastic gastric and colonic mucosa. This may permit targeting of 805 nm laser-tissue effects with minimal collateral damage during endoscopic laser palliation of advanced gastrointestinal malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Greenwell
- University Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Centre, Northern General Hospital, Herries Road, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK
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199
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Abstract
Two hundred thirty-one cats treated with radioactive iodine at the Texas Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital were followed for a median of 25 months by means of an ambidirectional (prospective, retrospective) cohort study design. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine predictors of survival based on data at the time of hyperthyroid diagnosis (collected retrospectively) and found that only age at diagnosis and sex of the cat were predictors of survival. Increasing age (for each year of age, relative risk [RR] = 1.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-1.3) and being male (RR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.5-0.9) increased likelihood of death. Tables predicting survival after diagnosis and treatment of hyperthyroidism for various age and sex combinations were created. In addition, Cox proportional hazard models were run with all data available at the end of the study (collected retrospectively and prospectively) including number and type of major health problems reported at the time of death or censoring. In this model, significant factors were age at diagnosis, sex, and either type of major health problem or number of health problems. Cats with renal disease or cancer were more likely not to survive and increasing from none to 2 health problems also decreased survival. Renal problems and cancer were the most common health problems at the time of death or censoring. This study provides estimates of duration of survival for cats successfully treated for hyperthyroidism with radioactive iodine, which can be useful in assisting with client treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Slater
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-4458, USA.
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200
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Abstract
An integrated sample handling process for drug discovery bioanalysis is described. The streamlining of study design, sample collection and automatic bioanalytical sample processing is demonstrated. Specific details for the entire procedure regarding the time saved, ease of automation and integration are defined. Details of sample handling involved a sample collection map, sample collection formatting and volume, dilution schemes for high concentration samples, choice of biological fluid and evaluating the capabilities of two liquid-handling workstations. Numerous comparisons were conducted between the new approaches and the conventional sample handling approaches. The precision and accuracy obtained from the new integrated sample handling process were comparable to those obtained from a conventional approach, as were pharmacokinetic profiles and parameters. This new sampling process greatly improved the efficiency of drug discovery bioanalysis. The integration of pre-clinical protocol design, sample collection and bioanalysis processes was also achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zhang
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research, Division of Warner-Lambert, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
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