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Verde C, Vergara A, Mazzarella L, di Prisco G. The hemoglobins of fishes living at polar latitudes - current knowledge on structural adaptations in a changing environment. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2009; 9:578-90. [PMID: 19075748 DOI: 10.2174/138920308786733895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fishes thriving in polar habitats offer many opportunities for comparative approaches to understanding protein adaptations to temperature. Notothenioidei, the dominant suborder in the Antarctic Ocean, have evolved reduction of hemoglobin concentration and multiplicity, perhaps as a consequence of temperature stability and other environmental parameters. In the icefish family, the blood pigment is absent. In contrast, similar to other acanthomorph teleosts, Arctic fish, thriving in a more complex oceanographic system, have maintained higher hemoglobin multiplicity and a highly diversified globin system in response to environmental variability and/or variations in metabolic demands. This review summarises the current knowledge on the structure, function and phylogeny of hemoglobins of fish living in polar habitats. On the basis of crystallographic analysis, a novel guideline to the interpretation of the Root effect in terms of a three-state model is suggested, implying the accessibility of an R/T intermediate quaternary structure, frequently observed in Antarctic fish hemoglobins. The occurrence of bis-histidyl and penta-coordinate states in ferric forms of polar fish hemoglobins suggests additional redox properties.
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Vergara A, Vitagliano L, Merlino A, Sica F, Verde C, di Prisco G, Mazzarella L. Combined Raman and X-ray crystallography reveals multiple coordinations and quaternary states of fish hemoglobins. Acta Crystallogr A 2009. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767309099747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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78
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Giordano D, Boechi L, Vergara A, Martí MA, Samuni U, Dantsker D, Grassi L, Estrin DA, Friedman JM, Mazzarella L, di Prisco G, Verde C. The hemoglobins of the sub-Antarctic fishCottoperca gobio, a phyletically basal species - oxygen-binding equilibria, kinetics and molecular dynamics. FEBS J 2009; 276:2266-77. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.06954.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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79
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Pennisi L, Olivieri V, Vergara A, Ianieri A. SHELF –LIFE OF SEA BREAM (SPARUS AURATA) PACKAGED IN MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE: RELATIONSHIPs BETWEEN SENSORY AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS. Ital J Food Saf 2009. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2008.3.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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80
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Merlino A, Vergara A, Sica F, Mazzarella L. The bis-histidyl complex in hemoproteins: A detailed conformational analysis of database protein structures and the case of Antarctic fish hemoglobins. Mar Genomics 2009; 2:51-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2009.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Revised: 04/09/2009] [Accepted: 04/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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81
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Verde C, Giordano D, Russo R, Riccio A, Vergara A, Mazzarella L, di Prisco G. Hemoproteins in the cold. Mar Genomics 2009; 2:67-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2009.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2008] [Revised: 01/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Crespo M, Ribera E, Suarez-Lozano I, Domingo P, Pedrol E, Lopez-Aldeguer J, Munoz A, Vilades C, Sanchez T, Viciana P, Teira R, Garcia-Alcalde ML, Vergara A, Lozano F, Galindo MJ, Cosin J, Roca B, Terron A, Geijo P, Vidal F, Garrido M. Effectiveness and safety of didanosine, lamivudine and efavirenz versus zidovudine, lamivudine and efavirenz for the initial treatment of HIV-infected patients from the Spanish VACH cohort. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008; 63:189-96. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkn450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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83
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D’Orio V, Festino A, Costanzo C, Di Ciccio P, Colavita G, Vergara A. BIOMOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STRAINS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (MRSA) ISOLATED FROM MEAT AND MEAT PROCESSING ENVIRONMENTS. Ital J Food Saf 2008. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2008.1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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84
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Castillo Pineda JCDLC, Figueredo Grijalva R, Dugloszewski C, Díaz Reynoso JASR, Spolidoro Noroña JV, Matos A, Carrasco F, Chirife G, Vergara A, Moya Rodríguez J, Loyola G, Alvarez A, Barozzi C, Vargas M, García de Lorenzo A. [The Cancun Declaration: the Cancun International Declaration on the Right at the hospital]. NUTR HOSP 2008; 23:413-417. [PMID: 19160890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
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85
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Merlino A, Russo Krauss I, Castellano I, De Vendittis E, Vergara A, Sica F. Structure, stability and flexibility of a psychrophilic iron superoxide dismutase. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308090697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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86
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Mazzarella L, Vitagliano L, Vergara A, Merlino A, Verde C, Di Prisco G. Multiple coordination and quaternary states of fish hemoglobin re-open the root effect question. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308087904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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87
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Vergara A, Isarría M, Rodríguez-Peralto J, Guerra A. Angiomas capilares lobulares diseminados. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0001-7310(08)74728-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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88
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Vitagliano L, Vergara A, Bonomi G, Merlino A, Verde C, Prisco GD, Howes BD, Smulevich G, Mazzarella L. Spectroscopic and Crystallographic Characterization of a Tetrameric Hemoglobin Oxidation Reveals Structural Features of the Functional Intermediate Relaxed/Tense State. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:10527-35. [DOI: 10.1021/ja803363p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Vergara A, Isarría MJ, Rodríguez-Peralto JL, Guerra A. [Disseminated lobular capillary hemangiomas]. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2008; 99:494-496. [PMID: 18558064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
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90
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Merlino A, Sica F, Mazzarella L, Zagari A, Vergara A. Correlation between Raman and X-ray crystallography data of (Pro-Pro-Gly)10. Biophys Chem 2008; 137:24-7. [PMID: 18603348 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2008.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2008] [Revised: 06/16/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Model biopolymers are powerful tools to guide the interpretation of physical properties in complex systems. (Pro-Pro-Gly)10, (PPG)10, is a collagen-model peptide, whose structure is known at high resolution. Herein, Raman microscopy data of (PPG)10 powders and single crystals are reported. The spectra interpretation leads to an accurate assignment of three well-resolved amide bands corresponding to the three peptide bonds (PP, PG and GP) present in the (PPG)10 structure. These data together with the availability of torsional angles phi and psi derived from the high-resolution crystal structure, provide the opportunity to test the validity of theoretical equations for the calculation of non-canonical amide III bands and represent a reference for theoretical calculations of vibrational spectra and for polyproline II detection in complex proteins. Spectroscopic data do not support the indication of two distinct and equally populated up and down conformations of the pyrrolidine rings observed in the (PPG)10 crystal structure.
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Di Bonaventura G, Piccolomini R, Paludi D, D’Orio V, Vergara A, Conter M, Ianieri A. Influence of temperature on biofilm formation by Listeria monocytogenes on various food-contact surfaces: relationship with motility and cell surface hydrophobicity. J Appl Microbiol 2008; 104:1552-61. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03688.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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92
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Merlino A, Krauss I, Castellano I, Vendittis E, Vergara A, Sica F. Crystallization and Preliminary X-Ray Diffraction Studies of a Psychrophilic Iron Superoxide Dismutase from Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis. Protein Pept Lett 2008; 15:415-8. [DOI: 10.2174/092986608784246533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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93
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Vergara A, Merlino A, Pizzo E, D'Alessio G, Mazzarella L. A novel method for detection of selenomethionine incorporation in protein crystalsviaRaman microscopy. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D: BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2008; 64:167-71. [DOI: 10.1107/s0907444907058416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2007] [Accepted: 11/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Teira R, Geijo P, Cosín J, Muñoz-Sanz A, Viciana P, Suarez-Lozano I, López-Aldeguer J, Pedrol E, Vidal F, Sanchez T, Lozano F, Terron A, Vergara A, Galindo MJ, Domingo P, Ribera E, Roca B, Garcia-Alcalde ML, Garrido M, Muñoz-Sanchez P. Risk factors for end-stage liver disease among HIV and hepatitis C virus co-infected patients in the Spanish VACH Cohort. J Int AIDS Soc 2008. [DOI: 10.1186/1758-2652-11-s1-p134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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95
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Vergara A, Isarría M, Rodríguez-Peralto J, Guerra A. Disseminated Lobular Capillary Hemangiomas. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1578-2190(08)70300-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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96
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Vergara A, Vitagliano L, Verde C, di Prisco G, Mazzarella L. Spectroscopic and crystallographic characterization of bis-histidyl adducts in tetrameric hemoglobins. Methods Enzymol 2008; 436:425-44. [PMID: 18237647 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(08)36024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hemoglobins (Hbs) are important proteins devoted to oxygen transport. Hbs carry out their function by keeping the iron atom, which binds the oxygen molecule, in its reduced Fe(II) state. Nonetheless, it is well known that Hbs frequently undergo, even under physiological conditions, spontaneous oxidation. Although these processes have been widely investigated, their role and impact in different biological contexts are still highly debated. In vertebrate Hbs, assembled in alpha2beta2 tetramers, it has traditionally been assumed that oxidized forms endowed with nativelike structures are either aquo-met or hydroxy-met states, depending on the pH of the medium. This view has been questioned by several independent investigations. In the past, indirect evidence of the existence of alternative nativelike oxidized forms was obtained from spectroscopic analyses. Indeed, it was suggested that, in tetrameric Hbs, bis-histidyl hemichrome states could be compatible with folded structures. Recent studies performed by complementing spectroscopic and crystallographic methodologies have provided a detailed picture of hemichrome structure and formation in these proteins. Here we review the methodological approaches adopted to achieve these results, the main structural features of these states, and the current hypotheses on their possible functional implications.
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Giordano D, Vergara A, Lee HC, Peisach J, Balestrieri M, Mazzarella L, Parisi E, di Prisco G, Verde C. Hemoglobin structure/function and globin-gene evolution in the Arctic fish Liparis tunicatus. Gene 2007; 406:58-68. [PMID: 17618067 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2007.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2007] [Revised: 05/30/2007] [Accepted: 06/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The importance of the Arctic, in contributing to the knowledge of the overall ensemble of adaptive processes influencing the evolution of marine organisms, calls for investigations on molecular adaptations in Arctic fish. Unlike the vast majority of Antarctic Notothenioidei, several Arctic species display high hemoglobin multiplicity. The blood of four species, the spotted wolffish of the family Anarhichadidae and three Gadidae, contains three functionally distinct major components. Similar to many Antarctic notothenioids, Arctic Liparis tunicatus (suborder Cottoidei, family Liparidae) has one major hemoglobin (Hb 1) accompanied by a minor component (Hb 2). This paper reports the structural and functional characterisation of Hb 1 of L. tunicatus. This hemoglobin shows low oxygen affinity, and pronounced Bohr and Root effects. The amino-acid sequence of the beta chain displays an unusual substitution in NA2 (beta2) at the phosphate-binding site, and the replacement of Val E11 (beta67) with Ile. Similar to some Antarctic fish Hbs, electron paramagnetic resonance spectra reveal the formation of a ferric penta-coordinated species even at physiological pH. The amino-acid sequences have also been used to gain insight into the evolutionary history of globins of polar fish. L. tunicatus globins appear close to the notothenioid clades as predicted by teleostean phylogenies. Close phylogenetic relationships between Cottoidei and Notothenioidei, together with their life style, seem to be the main factor driving the globin-sequence evolution.
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Colavita G, Rotili M, Leone A, Vergara A, Sammarco ML, Ripabelli G. Identification of Emesis-causing Bacillus cereus Strains by Polymerase Chain Reaction: Preliminary Results. Vet Res Commun 2007; 31 Suppl 1:351-3. [PMID: 17682912 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-007-0035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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99
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Vergara A, Franzese M, Merlino A, Vitagliano L, Verde C, di Prisco G, Lee HC, Peisach J, Mazzarella L. Structural characterization of ferric hemoglobins from three antarctic fish species of the suborder notothenioidei. Biophys J 2007; 93:2822-9. [PMID: 17545238 PMCID: PMC1989692 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.107.105700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous autoxidation of tetrameric Hbs leads to the formation of Fe (III) forms, whose physiological role is not fully understood. Here we report structural characterization by EPR of the oxidized states of tetrameric Hbs isolated from the Antarctic fish species Trematomus bernacchii, Trematomus newnesi, and Gymnodraco acuticeps, as well as the x-ray crystal structure of oxidized Trematomus bernacchii Hb, redetermined at high resolution. The oxidation of these Hbs leads to formation of states that were not usually detected in previous analyses of tetrameric Hbs. In addition to the commonly found aquo-met and hydroxy-met species, EPR analyses show that two distinct hemichromes coexist at physiological pH, referred to as hemichromes I and II, respectively. Together with the high-resolution crystal structure (1.5 A) of T. bernacchii and a survey of data available for other heme proteins, hemichrome I was assigned by x-ray crystallography and by EPR as a bis-His complex with a distorted geometry, whereas hemichrome II is a less constrained (cytochrome b5-like) bis-His complex. In four of the five Antartic fish Hbs examined, hemichrome I is the major form. EPR shows that for HbCTn, the amount of hemichrome I is substantially reduced. In addition, the concomitant presence of a penta-coordinated high-spin Fe (III) species, to our knowledge never reported before for a wild-type tetrameric Hb, was detected. A molecular modeling investigation demonstrates that the presence of the bulkier Ile in position 67beta in HbCTn in place of Val as in the other four Hbs impairs the formation of hemichrome I, thus favoring the formation of the ferric penta-coordinated species. Altogether the data show that ferric states commonly associated with monomeric and dimeric Hbs are also found in tetrameric Hbs.
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Mallolas J, Blanco J, Labarga P, Vergara A, Ocampo A, Sarasa M, Arnedo M, López-Púa Y, García J, Juega J, Guelar A, Terrón A, Dalmau D, García I, Zárraga M, Martínez E, Carné X, Pumarola T, Escayola R, Gatell J. Inhibitory quotient as a prognostic factor of response to a salvage antiretroviral therapy containing ritonavir-boosted saquinavir. The CIVSA Study. HIV Med 2007; 8:226-33. [PMID: 17461850 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2007.00464.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The addition of a low dose of ritonavir to protease inhibitors (PIs) has become a widespread strategy to improve PI pharmacokinetics. As resistance is a major barrier to long-term suppression, in salvage therapy genotype and/or phenotype scoring is currently used to predict the response. We evaluated the relationship between the saquinavir (SQV) inhibitory quotient (IQ) (virtual and genotypic) and virological response. METHODS Eligible patients were on a PI-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen excluding SQV and had a viral load >5000 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL. The PI was switched to SQV/ritonavir (RTV) 1000/100 mg twice a day (bid) and the same two backbone nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) were maintained at least until week 4, when the resistance test results became available. Genotype and virtual phenotype were determined at baseline, while the SQV trough plasma concentration was determined at week 4. RESULTS Fifty-three patients were included in the study. Mean baseline viral load and CD4 count were 137,693 copies/mL and 263 cells/microL, respectively, the mean number of previous PIs was 2.3 and the mean number of protease gene mutations (PGMs) was 4.1. Using an on-treatment analysis, at week 16 the mean increase in CD4 count was 70.9 cells/microL, viral load was <200 copies/mL in 17 out of 37 patients (45.9%), and 30 out of 45 patients (66.7%) were considered virological responders (VRs) (viral load <200 copies/mL or viral load declined > or =1 log(10) at week 16). Median virtual phenotype was 1.3 (0.6-6.9). Baseline differences were detected between VR and non-VR populations: the mean numbers of PGMs were 3.2 and 5.8 (P<0.05), the mean numbers of SQV-associated mutations were 2 and 3.8 (P<0.05), and the mean CD4 counts were 365.9 and 184.3 cells/microL (P<0.05), respectively. Mean SQV trough concentrations at week 4 were 1.1 and 1.0 microg/mL (not significant), and mean virtual IQs were 0.7 and 0.1 (P<0.01), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that baseline PGMs >5 or SQV-associated mutations>5, virtual phenotype, baseline viral load >50,000 copies/mL, and virtual IQ <0.5, but not genotypic IQ, were the variables independently associated with non-VR. CONCLUSION In heavily pretreated patients, the use of SQV virtual IQ or alternatively virtual phenotype, as well as PGMs, is a useful tool for the prediction of virological response.
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