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Williams ST, Chueh CC, Jen AKY. Navigating Organo-Lead Halide Perovskite Phase Space via Nucleation Kinetics toward a Deeper Understanding of Perovskite Phase Transformations and Structure-Property Relationships. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:3088-96. [PMID: 25760403 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201403651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Organo-lead halide perovskite photovoltaics have developed faster than our understanding of the material itself. Using the vast body of work on perovskite processing created in just the past few years, it is possible to create a better picture of this material's complex phase-transformation behavior. This concept paper summarizes and correlates the current understanding of structural intermediates, kinetic controls, and structure-property relationships of organo-lead iodide perovskites. To this end, a new way of graphically relating information is developed, allowing the simultaneous mapping of schematic kinetic relationships between all currently prevailing perovskite deposition and growth techniques.
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77
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Jung JW, Jo JW, Chueh CC, Liu F, Jo WH, Russell TP, Jen AKY. Fluoro-Substituted n-Type Conjugated Polymers for Additive-Free All-Polymer Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells with High Power Conversion Efficiency of 6.71. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:3310-3317. [PMID: 25900070 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201501214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated n-type conjugated polymers are used as efficient electron acceptor to demonstrate high-performance all-polymer solar cells. The exciton generation, dissociation, and charge-transporting properties of blend films are improved by using these fluorinated n-type polymers to result in enhanced photocurrent and suppressed charge recombination.
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78
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Kim JH, Liang PW, Williams ST, Cho N, Chueh CC, Glaz MS, Ginger DS, Jen AKY. High-performance and environmentally stable planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells based on a solution-processed copper-doped nickel oxide hole-transporting layer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:695-701. [PMID: 25449020 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201404189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
An effective approach to significantly increase the electrical conductivity of a NiOx hole-transporting layer (HTL) to achieve high-efficiency planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells is demonstrated. Perovskite solar cells based on using Cu-doped NiOx HTL show a remarkably improved power conversion efficiency up to 15.40% due to the improved electrical conductivity and enhanced perovskite film quality. General applicability of Cu-doped NiOx to larger bandgap perovskites is also demonstrated in this study.
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79
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Zang Y, Xu YX, Chueh CC, Li CZ, Chen HC, Wei KH, Yu JS, Jen AKY. Photovoltaic performance of ladder-type indacenodithieno[3,2-b]thiophene-based polymers with alkoxyphenyl side chains. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01763g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ladder polymers deliver over 5% power conversion efficiencies in polymer solar cells made without engaging post-solvent or additive treatments.
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80
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Williams ST, Zuo F, Chueh CC, Liao CY, Liang PW, Jen AKY. Role of chloride in the morphological evolution of organo-lead halide perovskite thin films. ACS NANO 2014; 8:10640-54. [PMID: 25299303 DOI: 10.1021/nn5041922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive morphological study was used to elucidate chloride's role in CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3-x)Cl(x) film evolution on a conducting polymer, PEDOT:PSS. Complex ion equilibria and aggregation in solution, as well as the role they play in nucleation, are found to ultimately be responsible for the unique morphological diversity observed in perovskite films grown in the presence of the chloride ion. An intermediate phase that is generated upon deposition and initial annealing templates continued self-assembly in the case of CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3-x)Cl(x). In the absence of chloride, the film growth of CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3) is directed by substrate interfacial energy. By employing the through-plane TEM analysis, we gain detailed insight into the unique crystallographic textures, grain structures, and elemental distributions across the breadth of films grown from precursor solutions with different chemistries. The lattice coherence seen in morphologies generated under the influence of chloride provides a physical rational for the enhancement in carrier diffusion length and lifetime.
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81
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Zuo L, Chueh CC, Xu YX, Chen KS, Zang Y, Li CZ, Chen H, Jen AKY. Microcavity-enhanced light-trapping for highly efficient organic parallel tandem solar cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:6778-6784. [PMID: 25168104 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201402782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A high-performance parallel tandem solar cell employing ultra-thin Ag as the intermediate anode is demonstrated, which comprises a semitransparent front sub-cell and a microcavity assisted back sub-cell. In addition to the extended optical field as a result of the tandem architecture, the prominent microcavity resonance formed in the back sub-cell enables such a parallel tandem configuration to possess high light utilization efficiency (the peak EQE value is over 80%) and a high photovoltaic performance of 9.2%. This study establishes an effective architecture that can be generally applicable to all organic materials for improving their performance.
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82
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Li Z, Zang Y, Chueh CC, Cho N, Lu J, Wang X, Huang J, Li CZ, Yu J, Jen AKY. Tetrathienodibenzocarbazole Based Donor–Acceptor Type Wide Band-Gap Copolymers for Polymer Solar Cell Applications. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501736m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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83
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Zuo F, Williams ST, Liang PW, Chueh CC, Liao CY, Jen AKY. Binary-metal perovskites toward high-performance planar-heterojunction hybrid solar cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:6454-6460. [PMID: 25123496 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201401641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A simple, low temperature solution process for Pb/Sn binary-metal perovskite planar-heterojunction solar cells is demonstrated. Sn inclusion substantially influences the band-gap, crystallization kinetics, and thin-film formation leading to a broadened light absorption and enhanced film coverage on ITO/PEDOT:PSS. As a result, the optimized device shows a PCE exceeding 10%, which is the best result for binary-metal perovskite solar cells so far.
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84
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Li CZ, Chang CY, Zang Y, Ju HX, Chueh CC, Liang PW, Cho N, Ginger DS, Jen AKY. Suppressed charge recombination in inverted organic photovoltaics via enhanced charge extraction by using a conductive fullerene electron transport layer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:6262-7. [PMID: 25091210 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201402276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Conductive fullerene electron-transporting layers (ETLs) are developed to facilitate the solution processing of highly efficient inverted OSCs with power conversion efficiency (PCE) reaching 9.6%. Its high conductivity also allows devices to be fabricated independently of the ETL thickness (up to ca. 50 nm). Transient photovoltage (TPV) measurements are used to shed light on how these conductive ETLs help suppress charge recombination in solar cells.
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85
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Zang Y, Li CZ, Chueh CC, Williams ST, Jiang W, Wang ZH, Yu JS, Jen AKY. Integrated molecular, interfacial, and device engineering towards high-performance non-fullerene based organic solar cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:5708-5714. [PMID: 24942332 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201401992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
High-performance non-fullerene OSCs with PCEs of up to ca. 6.0% are demonstrated based on PBDTT-F-TT polymer and a molecular di-PBI acceptor through comprehensive molecular, interfacial, and device engineering. Impressive PCEs can also be retained in devices with relatively thick BHJ layer and processed through non-halogenated solvents, indicating these high-performance non-fullerene OSCs are promising for large-area printing applications.
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86
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Dong L, Chiu YC, Chueh CC, Yu AD, Chen WC. Semi-conjugated acceptor-based polyimides as electrets for nonvolatile transistor memory devices. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00988f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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87
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Liang PW, Liao CY, Chueh CC, Zuo F, Williams ST, Xin XK, Lin J, Jen AKY. Additive enhanced crystallization of solution-processed perovskite for highly efficient planar-heterojunction solar cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:3748-54. [PMID: 24634141 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201400231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 482] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
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88
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Chen KS, Yip HL, Salinas JF, Xu YX, Chueh CC, Jen AKY. Strong photocurrent enhancements in highly efficient flexible organic solar cells by adopting a microcavity configuration. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:3349-3354. [PMID: 24615702 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201306323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells often show inefficient light harvesting due to a short absorption path length limited by the low charge mobility of organic semiconductors. We demonstrate a flexible organic solar cell in a microcavity configuration using a TeO2/Ag semitransparent electrode to confine the optical field within the device with significant performance improvements and reaching a power conversion efficiency of 8.56%.
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89
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Yu AD, Tung WY, Chiu YC, Chueh CC, Liou GS, Chen WC. Multilevel Nonvolatile Flexible Organic Field-Effect Transistor Memories Employing Polyimide Electrets with Different Charge-Transfer Effects. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:1039-45. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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90
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Li CZ, Chueh CC, Ding F, Yip HL, Liang PW, Li X, Jen AKY. Doping of fullerenes via anion-induced electron transfer and its implication for surfactant facilitated high performance polymer solar cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:4425-4430. [PMID: 23776132 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201300580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Simple and solution-processible tetrabutyl-ammonium salts (TBAX) can dope fullerene and its derivatives to achieve conductive thin films (σ as high as 0.56 S/m). The electron transfer between the anions of TBAXs and n-type semiconductors induces doping without encountering any harsh activation. These provide valid support for the surfactant interfacial doping of fullerene in polymer solar cells for enhanced device performance.
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91
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Li Y, Zou J, Yip HL, Li CZ, Zhang Y, Chueh CC, Intemann J, Xu Y, Liang PW, Chen Y, Jen AKY. Side-Chain Effect on Cyclopentadithiophene/Fluorobenzothiadiazole-Based Low Band Gap Polymers and Their Applications for Polymer Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma4009302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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92
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Li CZ, Chueh CC, Yip HL, Ding F, Li X, Jen AKY. Solution-processible highly conducting fullerenes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:2457-2461. [PMID: 23494904 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201204543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
n-Doping of solution-processible organic semiconductors: highly conductive fullerenes are demonstrated through solution-processed fulleropyrrolidinium iodide (FPI) and FPI-doped PCBM to reach a high conductivity (3.2 S/m). The n-doping proceeds via anion-induced electron transfer between the iodide on FPI and the fullerene in the solid state.
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93
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Xu YX, Chueh CC, Yip HL, Chang CY, Liang PW, Intemann JJ, Chen WC, Jen AKY. Indacenodithieno[3,2-b]thiophene-based broad bandgap polymers for high efficiency polymer solar cells. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00121k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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94
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Salinas JF, Yip HL, Chueh CC, Li CZ, Maldonado JL, Jen AKY. Optical design of transparent thin metal electrodes to enhance in-coupling and trapping of light in flexible polymer solar cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:6362-6367. [PMID: 23001960 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201203099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ITO-free polymer solar cells with efficiencies as high as 6.6% and 5.8% are fabricated on glass and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) by using TeO(2) to enhance the in-coupling of light in an Ag-Ag microcavity. These cells exhibit higher performance, selective microcavity resonance as a function of the thickness of TeO(2) , and better bending stability than flexible devices made with ITO.
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95
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Xu YX, Chueh CC, Yip HL, Ding FZ, Li YX, Li CZ, Li X, Chen WC, Jen AKY. Improved charge transport and absorption coefficient in indacenodithieno[3,2-b]thiophene-based ladder-type polymer leading to highly efficient polymer solar cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:6356-6361. [PMID: 23001969 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201203246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel ladder-type donor (IDTT) is developed by substituting the two outward thiophenes of the IDT donor with two thieno[3,2-b]thiophenes. The polymer derived from this donor possesses longer effective conjugation and better planarity, which improves electron delocalization along the polymer backbone and charge mobility. The polymer solar cell device using PIDTT-DFBT shows a high power conversion efficiency of 7.03% with a large open-circuit voltage of 0.95 V without using any additives or post-solvent/thermal annealing processes.
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96
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Li CZ, Chueh CC, Yip HL, Zou J, Chen WC, Jen AKY. Evaluation of structure–property relationships of solution-processible fullerene acceptors and their n-channel field-effect transistor performance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm32693k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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97
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Li CZ, Chueh CC, Yip HL, O'Malley KM, Chen WC, Jen AKY. Effective interfacial layer to enhance efficiency of polymer solar cells via solution-processed fullerene-surfactants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm30755c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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98
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Li CZ, Chien SC, Yip HL, Chueh CC, Chen FC, Matsuo Y, Nakamura E, Jen AKY. Facile synthesis of a 56π-electron 1,2-dihydromethano-[60]PCBM and its application for thermally stable polymer solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:10082-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc14446d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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99
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Lai MH, Tsai JH, Chueh CC, Wang CF, Chen WC. Syntheses of New 3,6-Carbazole-Based Donor/Acceptor Conjugated Copolymers for Optoelectronic Device Applications. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201000234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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100
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Tsai JH, Chueh CC, Chen WC, Yu CY, Hwang GW, Ting C, Chen EC, Meng HF. New thiophene-phenylene-thiophene acceptor random conjugated copolymers for optoelectronic applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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