76
|
Cai C, Yang Y, Cheng L, Tong C, Feng J. DEVELOPMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF EST-SSR MARKER FOR THE GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG TOBACCOS (Nicotiana tabacum L.). GENETIKA 2015; 51:694-703. [PMID: 26310032 DOI: 10.7868/s001667581502006x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Because of the advantages of EST-SSR markers, it has been employed as powerful markers for genetic diversity analysis, comparative mapping and phylogenetic studies. In this study, a total of 429,869 tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) ESTs were downloaded from the public databases, which offers an opportunity to identify SSRs in ESTs by data mining, and 38,165 SSRs were identified from 379,967 uni-ESTs with the frequency of one SSR per 5.52 kb. Mono- and tri-nucleotide repeat motifs were the dominant repeat types, accounting for 40.53 and 34.51% of all SSRs, respectively. After eliminating mononucleotide-containing sequences, 86 pairs of primers were designed to amplify in four tobacco accessions. Only 15 primers (17.44%) showed polymorphism, and then they were further used to assess genetic diversity of 20 tobacco accessions. Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average dendrograms (UPGMA) and principal coordinates analysis plots (PCA) revealed genetic differentiation between N. rustica and N. tabacum, and between oriental tobacco and other accessions of N. tabacum. The present study reported the development of EST-SSR markers in tobacco by exploiting EST databases, and confirmed the effective way to develop markers. These EST-SSRs can serve in studies on cultivar identification, genetic diversity analysis, and genetics in tobacco.
Collapse
|
77
|
Stewart DJ, Cai C, Nayler J, Preston TC, Reid JP, Krieger UK, Marcolli C, Zhang YH. Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation in Mixed Organic/Inorganic Single Aqueous Aerosol Droplets. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4177-90. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b01658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
78
|
Cai C, Au IPH, An W, Cheung RTH. Facilitatory and inhibitory effects of Kinesio tape: Fact or fad? J Sci Med Sport 2015; 19:109-12. [PMID: 25687484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Kinesio tape (KT) is a commonly used intervention in sports. It claims to be able to alter the muscle activity, in terms of both facilitation and inhibition, by certain application methods. This study compared the neuromuscular activity of the wrist extensor muscles and maximal grip strength with facilitatory, inhibitory KT, and tapeless condition in healthy adults who were ignorant about KT. Potential placebo effects were eliminated by deception. DESIGN Randomized deceptive trial. METHODS 33 participants performed maximal grip assessment in a randomly assigned order of three taping conditions: true facilitatory KT, inhibitory KT, and no tape. The participants were blindfolded during the evaluation. Under the pretense of applying a series of adhesive muscle sensors, KT was applied to their wrist extensor muscles of the dominant forearm in the first two conditions. Within-subject comparisons of normalized root mean square of the wrist extensors electromyographic activity and maximal grip strength were conducted across three taping conditions. RESULTS 31 out of 33 enlisted participants were confirmed to be ignorant about KT. No significant differences were found in the maximum grip strength (p=0.394), electromyographic activity (p=0.276), and self-perceived performance (p=0.825) between facilitatory KT, inhibitory KT, and tapeless conditions. CONCLUSIONS Neither facilitatory nor inhibitory effects were observed between different application techniques of KT in healthy participants. Clinically, alternative method should be used for muscle activity modulation.
Collapse
|
79
|
Feng J, Lv MF, Lu GP, Cai C. Direct oxidative coupling of thiols and benzylic ethers via C(sp3)–H activation and C–O cleavage to lead thioesters. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:677-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02250e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented protocol for the synthesis of thioesters via C–H thioesterification and C–O cleavage was developed. This CDC protocol was found convenient and easy-to-handle involving the use of DTBP as the only green oxidant.
Collapse
|
80
|
Feng J, Lv MF, Lu GP, Cai C. Selective formation of C–N and CN bonds via C(sp3)–H activation of isochroman in the presence of DTBP. Org Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00293h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An organocatalytic approach for the synthesis of isochroman derivatives via direct C(sp3)–H bond and N–H bond coupling is described. The C–N (amine or amide) and CN (imidate) products can be selectively achieved by controlling the amount of oxidants.
Collapse
|
81
|
Cai C, Cai P, Hou C, Zeng X, Qiao S. Administration of Lactobacillus fermentum I5007 to young piglets improved their health and growth. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/65684/2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
82
|
Cai C, Rodet T, Legoupil S, Mohammad-Djafari A. A full-spectral Bayesian reconstruction approach based on the material decomposition model applied in dual-energy computed tomography. Med Phys 2014; 40:111916. [PMID: 24320449 DOI: 10.1118/1.4820478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) makes it possible to get two fractions of basis materials without segmentation. One is the soft-tissue equivalent water fraction and the other is the hard-matter equivalent bone fraction. Practical DECT measurements are usually obtained with polychromatic x-ray beams. Existing reconstruction approaches based on linear forward models without counting the beam polychromaticity fail to estimate the correct decomposition fractions and result in beam-hardening artifacts (BHA). The existing BHA correction approaches either need to refer to calibration measurements or suffer from the noise amplification caused by the negative-log preprocessing and the ill-conditioned water and bone separation problem. To overcome these problems, statistical DECT reconstruction approaches based on nonlinear forward models counting the beam polychromaticity show great potential for giving accurate fraction images. METHODS This work proposes a full-spectral Bayesian reconstruction approach which allows the reconstruction of high quality fraction images from ordinary polychromatic measurements. This approach is based on a Gaussian noise model with unknown variance assigned directly to the projections without taking negative-log. Referring to Bayesian inferences, the decomposition fractions and observation variance are estimated by using the joint maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation method. Subject to an adaptive prior model assigned to the variance, the joint estimation problem is then simplified into a single estimation problem. It transforms the joint MAP estimation problem into a minimization problem with a nonquadratic cost function. To solve it, the use of a monotone conjugate gradient algorithm with suboptimal descent steps is proposed. RESULTS The performance of the proposed approach is analyzed with both simulated and experimental data. The results show that the proposed Bayesian approach is robust to noise and materials. It is also necessary to have the accurate spectrum information about the source-detector system. When dealing with experimental data, the spectrum can be predicted by a Monte Carlo simulator. For the materials between water and bone, less than 5% separation errors are observed on the estimated decomposition fractions. CONCLUSIONS The proposed approach is a statistical reconstruction approach based on a nonlinear forward model counting the full beam polychromaticity and applied directly to the projections without taking negative-log. Compared to the approaches based on linear forward models and the BHA correction approaches, it has advantages in noise robustness and reconstruction accuracy.
Collapse
|
83
|
Cummings LJ, Mema E, Cai C, Kondic L. Electric-field variations within a nematic-liquid-crystal layer. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 90:012503. [PMID: 25122320 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.90.012503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A thin layer of nematic liquid crystal (NLC) across which an electric field is applied is a setup of great industrial importance in liquid crystal display devices. There is thus a large literature modeling this situation and related scenarios. A commonly used assumption is that an electric field generated by electrodes at the two bounding surfaces of the layer will produce a field that is uniform: that is, the presence of NLC does not affect the electric field. In this paper, we use calculus of variations to derive the equations coupling the electric potential to the orientation of the NLC's director field, and use a simple one-dimensional model to investigate the limitations of the uniform field assumption in the case of a steady applied field. The extension of the model to the unsteady case is also briefly discussed.
Collapse
|
84
|
Brouste A, Cai C, Kleptsyna M. Asymptotic properties of the MLE for the autoregressive process coefficients under stationary Gaussian noise. MATHEMATICAL METHODS OF STATISTICS 2014. [DOI: 10.3103/s1066530714020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
85
|
Yuan X, Cai C, Chen S, Chen S, Yu Z, Balk SP. Androgen receptor functions in castration-resistant prostate cancer and mechanisms of resistance to new agents targeting the androgen axis. Oncogene 2014; 33:2815-25. [PMID: 23752196 PMCID: PMC4890635 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic functions of androgen receptor (AR) in normal prostate are circumvented in prostate cancer (PCa) to drive tumor growth, and the AR also can acquire new growth-promoting functions during PCa development and progression through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT, surgical or medical castration) is the standard treatment for metastatic PCa, but patients invariably relapse despite castrate androgen levels (castration-resistant PCa, CRPC). Early studies from many groups had shown that AR was highly expressed and transcriptionally active in CRPC, and indicated that steroids from the adrenal glands were contributing to this AR activity. More recent studies showed that CRPC cells had increased expression of enzymes mediating androgen synthesis from adrenal steroids, and could synthesize androgens de novo from cholesterol. Phase III clinical trials showing a survival advantage in CRPC for treatment with abiraterone (inhibitor of the enzyme CYP17A1 required for androgen synthesis that markedly reduces androgens and precursor steroids) and for enzalutamide (new AR antagonist) have now confirmed that AR activity driven by residual androgens makes a major contribution to CRPC, and led to the recent Food and Drug Administration approval of both agents. Unfortunately, patients treated with these agents for advanced CRPC generally relapse within a year and AR appears to be active in the relapsed tumors, but the molecular mechanisms mediating intrinsic or acquired resistance to these AR-targeted therapies remain to be defined. This review outlines AR functions that contribute to PCa development and progression, the roles of intratumoral androgen synthesis and AR structural alterations in driving AR activity in CRPC, mechanisms of action for abiraterone and enzalutamide, and possible mechanisms of resistance to these agents.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Androgen Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use
- Androgens/metabolism
- Animals
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Disease Progression
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Male
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/drug therapy
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/genetics
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/metabolism
- Receptors, Androgen/chemistry
- Receptors, Androgen/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase/metabolism
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
Collapse
|
86
|
Wang Y, Darwiche S, Brumfield J, Cai C, Kautza B, Escobar D, Quintero A, Vreeland K, Stratimirovic S, Luciano J, Laverde S, Zuckerbraun B. Heme oxygenase-1/CO Protect Against Delayed Onset Immunosuppression In A Murine Multiple Trauma Model. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
87
|
Luciano J, Cai C, Kautza B, Whelan S, Stratimirovic S, Billiar T, Zuckerbraun B. Benzyl Alcohol Attenuates Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Injury in a Toll-Like Receptor-4 Dependent Pattern in Mice. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
88
|
Cai C, Stewart DJ, Preston TC, Walker JS, Zhang YH, Reid JP. A new approach to determine vapour pressures and hygroscopicities of aqueous aerosols containing semi-volatile organic compounds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:3162-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54948h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
89
|
Feng J, Lu GP, Cai C. Selective approach to thioesters and thioethers via sp3 C–H activation of methylarenes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09450f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel CDC approaches for the synthesis of thioesters and thioethers was developed via sp3 C–H activation of methylarenes and subsequent functionalization.
Collapse
|
90
|
Cai C, Wang LH, Dong Q, Wu ZJ, Li MY, Sun YH. Association of CXCL12 and CXCR4 gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 82:165-70. [PMID: 24032722 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Revised: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
91
|
Cummings LJ, Cai C, Kondic L. Bifurcation properties of nematic liquid crystals exposed to an electric field: switchability, bistability, and multistability. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 88:012509. [PMID: 23944476 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.012509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bistable liquid crystal displays (LCDs) offer the potential for considerable power savings compared with conventional (monostable) LCDs. The existence of two (or more) stable field-free states that are optically distinct means that contrast can be maintained in a display without an externally applied electric field. An applied field is required only to switch the device from one state to the other, as needed. In this paper we examine the basic physical principles involved in generating multiple stable states and the switching between these states. We consider a two-dimensional geometry in which variable surface anchoring conditions are used to control the steady-state solutions and explore how different anchoring conditions can influence the number and type of solutions and whether or not switching is possible between the states. We find a wide range of possible behaviors, including bistability, tristability, and tetrastability, and investigate how the solution landscape changes as the boundary conditions are tuned.
Collapse
|
92
|
Zhang Y, Xiang W, Sebastian K, Zettel K, Darwiche S, Cai C, Ayoob F, Billiar T. Interleukin-6 Neutralizing Antibody Treatment Restores Th1/Th2 Balance in Mice With Pseudo-Fracture and Hemorrhage. J Surg Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.10.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
93
|
Zhou B, Ensell M, Zhou Y, Nair U, Glickstein J, Kermany MH, Cai Q, Cai C, Liu W, Deng YP, Kakigi A, Barbieri M, Mora M, Kanangat S, Yoo TJ. Prevention and treatment of DNA vaccine encoding cockroach allergen Bla g 1 in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. Allergy 2012; 67:166-74. [PMID: 21958323 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02727.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One-fourth of the US population is sensitized to the German cockroach. Primary German cockroach allergen Bla g 1 is detected in 63% of homes and 52% of childcare facilities in the United States. No effective treatment or vaccination strategies are yet available. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of a plasmid DNA-mediated vaccination using the Bla g 1 gene in a mouse model of allergic inflammatory airway disease. METHODS A plasmid DNA vector coding for the Bla g 1 allergen controlled by cytomegalovirus promoter was constructed. To estimate the protective efficacy, BALB/c mice were given three injections of plasmid DNA-Bla g 1 prior to sensitization with two priming doses of recombinant Bla g 1 (rBla g 1) antigens, followed by nebulized rBla g 1 challenge. In the therapeutic approach, sensitization was followed by administering Bla g 1 DNA vaccine. RESULTS Bla g 1 vaccination significantly reduced allergen-induced airway inflammation, even after mice were presensitized and a Th2-dominant response was established. The Bla g 1 vaccination significantly reduced total inflammatory cell infiltrate, eosinophilia, secretion of Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-5 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, allergen-induced inflammatory infiltrates in the lungs, and Bla g 1-specific IgE in serum upon challenge with rBla g 1. Importantly, Bla g 1 DNA vaccination was able to induce IL-10-secreting regulatory T cells that could suppress the allergen-specific Th2 cells. CONCLUSION DNA vaccination showed protective and therapeutic efficacy against a clinically relevant allergen Bla g 1.
Collapse
|
94
|
Pendergrass SA, Brown-Gentry K, Dudek SM, Torstenson ES, Ambite JL, Avery CL, Buyske S, Cai C, Fesinmeyer MD, Haiman C, Heiss G, Hindorff LA, Hsu CN, Jackson RD, Kooperberg C, Le Marchand L, Lin Y, Matise TC, Moreland L, Monroe K, Reiner AP, Wallace R, Wilkens LR, Crawford DC, Ritchie MD. The use of phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) for exploration of novel genotype-phenotype relationships and pleiotropy discovery. Genet Epidemiol 2011; 35:410-22. [PMID: 21594894 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.20589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The field of phenomics has been investigating network structure among large arrays of phenotypes, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been used to investigate the relationship between genetic variation and single diseases/outcomes. A novel approach has emerged combining both the exploration of phenotypic structure and genotypic variation, known as the phenome-wide association study (PheWAS). The Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) network is a National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)-supported collaboration of four groups accessing eight extensively characterized epidemiologic studies. The primary focus of PAGE is deep characterization of well-replicated GWAS variants and their relationships to various phenotypes and traits in diverse epidemiologic studies that include European Americans, African Americans, Mexican Americans/Hispanics, Asians/Pacific Islanders, and Native Americans. The rich phenotypic resources of PAGE studies provide a unique opportunity for PheWAS as each genotyped variant can be tested for an association with the wide array of phenotypic measurements available within the studies of PAGE, including prevalent and incident status for multiple common clinical conditions and risk factors, as well as clinical parameters and intermediate biomarkers. The results of PheWAS can be used to discover novel relationships between SNPs, phenotypes, and networks of interrelated phenotypes; identify pleiotropy; provide novel mechanistic insights; and foster hypothesis generation. The PAGE network has developed infrastructure to support and perform PheWAS in a high-throughput manner. As implementing the PheWAS approach has presented several challenges, the infrastructure and methodology, as well as insights gained in this project, are presented herein to benefit the larger scientific community.
Collapse
|
95
|
Challen C, Brown H, Cai C, Betts G, Paterson I, Sloan P, West C, Birch-Machin M, Robinson M. Mitochondrial DNA mutations in head and neck cancer are infrequent and lack prognostic utility. Br J Cancer 2011; 104:1319-24. [PMID: 21427725 PMCID: PMC3078603 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations occur in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and are most frequently detected in the displacement-loop (D-loop) region. The D-loop is considered to be important because it controls mitochondrial gene expression and mtDNA replication. There is currently no evidence that mtDNA mutations can be used as prognostic or predictive biomarkers in HNSCC. Methods: We used denaturing high performance liquid chromatography to screen the entire mitochondrial genome of six oral squamous cell carcinoma-derived cell lines and then focused on detecting D-loop abnormalities in 34 HNSCC tissue samples. Results: Mitochondrial DNA mutations are not ubiquitous in HNSCC because only half of the cell lines had detectable mtDNA abnormalities following screening of the entire mitochondrial genome and only 18% (6 of 34) of tissue samples had D-loop mutations. There was no correlation between D-loop mutations and determinates of clinical outcome; specifically, tumour stage and the expression of hypoxia-inducible genes included in a highly prognostic hypoxia metagene. Conclusions: Taken together, these data suggest that mtDNA D-loop mutations are stochastic events that may not significantly influence the biology of HNSCC and supports the hypothesis that mtDNA mutations in cancer represent bystander genotoxic damage as a consequence of tumour development and progression.
Collapse
|
96
|
Bartels C, Cai C, Ueki S, Murase N, Du Q, Geller D. IL-23 Mediates Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via IFN-g/IRF-1 Pathway. J Surg Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.11.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
97
|
Cai C, Shi FD, Matarese G, La Cava A. Leptin as clinical target. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 3:160-6. [PMID: 19594439 DOI: 10.2174/187221309789257379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2009] [Accepted: 06/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PLeptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone with pleiotropic effects on energy homeostasis, endocrine and reproductive functions, and immune responses. The multiple actions of leptin have led to the design and development of several leptin-based approaches to modulate the metabolic and endocrine status, to reduce inflammation, and to improve immune responses. Here, we review the current patents on leptin in different clinic applications.
Collapse
|
98
|
Wen B, Cai C, Wang R, Tan Y, Lan O. Critical moisture content windows differ for the cryopreservation of pomelo (Citrus grandis) seeds and embryonic axes. CRYO LETTERS 2010; 31:29-39. [PMID: 20309507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreservation was attempted using a partial dehydration and freezing protocol on pomelo (Citrus grandis) seeds of ten cultivars and embryonic axes of one cultivar collected from Xishuangbanna. Although seeds of all ten cultivars could be dehydrated safely to 10 percent moisture content, further dehydration impaired seed viability with critical moisture contents ranging from 9 percent to 7 percent. Complete seedling regenerated from seeds frozen in a moisture window between 5-9 percent, and maximum seedling recovery varied between 22-86 percent. Cryopreservation of Jiajieyou cv. embryonic axes had a moisture window between 3-20 percent , much wider compared to whole seed cryopreservation, and maximum post-thaw emergence of 93 percent was achieved at 13 percent moisture content. Emergence differed only slightly from survival when whole seeds were cryopreserved, but for the embryonic axis cryopreservation at low moisture contents resulted in much lower emergence than survival. Possible causes of intraspecific variation in cryotolerance in pomelo seeds is discussed.
Collapse
|
99
|
Lewis DJ, Lacey CJ, Jeffs S, Cole T, Fraser C, Wiggins R, Woodrow M, Cope A, Cai C, Giemza E, Mahmhoud A, Katinger D, Cranage M, Shattock R. P14-06. Phase 1 safety and immunogenicity randomised controlled trial of a vaginal gp140 vaccine. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767686 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
100
|
Cai C, Li DR, Zeng QS, Zhong SQ, Zhong NS. Prolonged fever, dyspnoea and diffuse pleural thickening in a 20-year-old man. CASE REPORTS 2009; 2009:bcr12.2008.1337. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr.12.2008.1337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|