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Cheng HM, Foong YT, AbuSamah AJ, Dillner J, Sam CK, Prasad U. Linear epitopes of the replication-activator protein of Epstein-Barr virus recognised by specific serum IgG in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 1995; 40:251-6. [PMID: 7750123 PMCID: PMC11037714 DOI: 10.1007/bf01519899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/1994] [Accepted: 01/10/1995] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The linear antigenic epitopes of the Epstein-Barr virus replication activator protein (ZEBRA), recognised by specific serum IgG in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), were determined. This was achieved by synthesizing the entire amino acid sequence of ZEBRA as a set of 29, 22-residue peptides with an overlap of 14 amino acids. The ZEBRA peptides were tested in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IgG binding in sera from 37 selected NPC patients who had IgG antibodies to the native ZEBRA protein. The most immunogenic epitope was peptide 1 at the amino-terminal end with 36 of the sera reactive against it. Further analysis of peptide 1, using the multipin peptide-scanning technique, defined a 10-amino-acid sequence FTPDPYQVPF, which was strongly bound by IgG. Two other regions of ZEBRA were also identified as immunodominant IgG epitopes, namely peptide 11 (amino acids 82-103) and peptide 19/20 (amino acids 146-175) with 8-13 of the NPC sera reactive against the peptides. The number of peptides reactive with individual NPC serum varies from 1 to 6 or more and there is some correlation between a greater number of peptide (at least 4) bound and a higher (at least 1:40) titre of serum IgA to viral capsid antigen. The immunodominant ZEBRA peptide 1 could be utilised in IgG ELISA for the detection of NPC.
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77
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Igarashi H, Yoshida A, Tanaka K, Cheng HM. Changes in lens organophosphate metabolites in response to endotoxin-induced uveitis. Ophthalmic Res 1995; 27:12-7. [PMID: 7596554 DOI: 10.1159/000267561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Uveitis was induced in rats by endotoxin administration. The temporal correlation between ocular inflammatory reaction and lens metabolic change was examined. The levels of lens phosphate compounds, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), choline phosphate (CP), and inorganic phosphate (Pi), were measured using 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Anterior chamber inflammation reaction appeared 12 h after administration, peaked at 24 h, and disappeared by 72 h. Concurrent with the active inflammation, lens Pi increased significantly 22 +/- 17% (p < 0.05) and 23 +/- 15% (p < 0.05), 12 and 24 h after administration, respectively, and returned to normal while the inflammation abated. No significant changes were observed in CP and ATP levels in the lens during the course of inflammation. The time course of the inflammation appeared closely related to the change in Pi level, which may be part of the protective mechanism of the lens against inflammation.
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78
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Yang JH, Cheng HM, Wang LR, Chu KC. Cowden's disease: report of the first case in a Chinese. J Dermatol 1994; 21:415-20. [PMID: 8064004 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.1994.tb01765.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A 19-year-old Chinese female presenting mucocutaneous manifestations including facial trichilemmomas, oral papillomatosis, and acral keratosis was diagnosed, according to the criteria proposed by Salem and Steck, as a definite case of Cowden's disease, although no members of her family were affected. The cutaneous reticulohistiocytic granuloma and congenital nystagmus of eyes that occurred in this case were new combinations in the syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented case of Cowden's disease in a Chinese.
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79
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Mathew A, Cheng HM, Sam CK, Prasad U. Serum IgA cross-reactivity between glycine-alanine repeat sequence of EBNA-1 and keratin or collagen in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY 1994; 71:164-8. [PMID: 7514112 DOI: 10.1006/clin.1994.1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition studies were carried out to study possible cross-reactivity between a peptide fragment of the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen, EBNA-1, and keratin/collagen. The 20-amino acid peptide (pAG), derived from a glycine-alanine repeat region of EBNA-1, uniquely makes up about one-third of the viral protein and is a dominant IgA antigenic epitope in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A small percentage of normal human sera (NHS) also binds pAG and this reactivity is examined in this study. Ten percent (2/20) and 13.4% (2/15) of IgA-pAG-positive NPC sera and NHS, respectively, were significantly inhibited by keratin in a competitive ELISA system. Conversely, 31.6% (6/19) and 30.8% (4/13) of IgA-keratin-positive NPC sera and NHS, respectively, were significantly inhibited by pAG. This indicated minimum cross-reactivity between IgA serum antibodies to EBNA-1 and keratin. Using collagen as inhibitor, none of 18 and only 2/13 IgA-pAG-positive NPC sera and NHS, respectively, were inhibited. In the collagen ELISA system, only 2/19 (10.5%) and 4/25 (16%) of IgA-collagen-positive NPC sera and NHS, respectively, were inhibited with pAG. Therefore, cross-reactivity with collagen was also low. IgA-pAG-positive NHS may therefore not be a false positive phenomenon, but whether it may represent an early serological profile related to NPC carcinogenesis remains to be determined.
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80
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Cheng HM. Differential binding of antiphospholipid autoantibody in normal and autoimmune sera to prothrombin/phospholipid antigen complex. Blood 1994; 83:1157-8. [PMID: 8111059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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81
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Rubin PA, Bilyk JR, Shore JW, Sutula FC, Cheng HM. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lacrimal drainage system. Ophthalmology 1994; 101:235-43. [PMID: 8115144 DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(94)31341-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has excellent spatial and soft tissue resolution in the periocular and orbital region, especially when combined with surface coil techniques. Other methods, including computed tomography, dacryocystography, and dacryoscintigraphy provide limited information in the area of the lacrimal drainage system. Magnetic resonance imaging was used in conjunction with other imaging modalities to compare the anatomic detail and clinically relevant information obtained about various pathologic processes in the lacrimal drainage area. METHODS Patients with a variety of lacrimal drainage disorders underwent MRI with either head or surface coils. Contrast agents also were used in selected cases. Seven case reports are presented. RESULTS Magnetic resonance imaging provided detailed information about local anatomy, extent of pathology, and, in some cases, etiology of the pathology. CONCLUSIONS Magnetic resonance imaging with surface coils provides detailed soft tissue information when compared with dacryocystography and computed tomography in the area of the lacrimal drainage system. In selected cases of lacrimal drainage system pathology, MRI may provide data that affect patient management.
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82
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Ismail R, Cheng HM. Anticoagulant activity of heat-unmasked antiphospholipid autoantibody in normal human plasma? Thromb Res 1994; 73:143-7. [PMID: 8171414 DOI: 10.1016/0049-3848(94)90090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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83
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Mathew A, Cheng HM, Sam CK, Joab I, Prasad U, Cochet C. A high incidence of serum IgG antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus replication activator protein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 1994; 38:68-70. [PMID: 8299121 PMCID: PMC11038610 DOI: 10.1007/bf01517172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/1993] [Accepted: 09/20/1993] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The BamHI Z EBV replication activator (ZEBRA) protein is involved in the switch from latency to productive cycle of Epstein-Barr virus. A recombinant ZEBRA protein was synthesized and assessed in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for serum IgG response in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. In 100 NPC serum samples that were positive for IgA to the EBV viral capsid antigen (VCA), 75% had IgG anti-ZEBRA antibodies. In contrast, only 3/83 (3.6%) serum samples from healthy donors and 2/50 (4%) from other cancers were positive for IgG to ZEBRA. Interestingly, in a selected group of 100 NPC sera negative for IgA to VCA, 25% contained IgG anti-ZEBRA antibodies. This suggests that the ELISA for IgG anti-ZEBRA may also identify earlier cases of NPC not detected by the conventional immunofluorescence test for IgA to VCA.
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84
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85
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Cheng HM. A relationship between specific antiphospholipid autoantibodies in normal human and autoimmune serum? Arch Pathol Lab Med 1994; 118:9-10. [PMID: 8285841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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86
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87
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Lee MK, Cheng HM, Ng SC, Menaka N, Tan CT, Wang F. Antiphospholipid antibodies and stroke in the young--a study of three cases. THE MEDICAL JOURNAL OF MALAYSIA 1993; 48:330-5. [PMID: 8183147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral infarction in the young is likely to be non-atheromatous. While in previous studies no cause has been found in 40% to 50% of patients, an increasing role for haemorheological factors is becoming apparent. Among these, an association between antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) and ischaemic cerebrovascular disease is now well-recognised. This entity has not been previously reported in Malaysian patients. In a study of 80 patients with stroke below the age of 50 years who were seen at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, between January 1982 and May 1992, 3 patients with ischaemic cerebral infarction were found to have aPLs. aPLs was detected using ELISA method for anticardiolipin antibodies (aCLs), and presence of lupus anticoagulant (LA) was established by kaolin clotting time, thromboplastin inhibition test and platelet neutralisation procedure. Only 1 patient had active systemic lupus erythematous. Cerebrovascular events were recurrent in one of the 2 non-lupus patients. aPL-related stroke should be considered in young patients who have cerebral ischaemia occurring without obvious cause. More cases are likely to emerge in Malaysia with active screening.
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88
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Se Thoe SY, Wong KK, Pathmanathan R, Sam CK, Cheng HM, Prasad U. Elevated secretory IgA antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and presence of EBV DNA and EBV receptors in patients with cervical carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 1993; 50:168-72. [PMID: 8397152 DOI: 10.1006/gyno.1993.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) receptors (EBV/C3d receptors) were detected, using the monoclonal antibody HB5, on 23 ectocervical and 5 endocervical biopsies of the uterine cervix. Elevated IgA titers against the viral capsid antigen and early antigen of EBV were also found in the cervical secretions from cervical carcinoma patients (83%), compared with samples from patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (75%), herpes simplex virus-infected patients (0%), and gynecologic patients with nonmalignant conditions (0%). EBV DNA was present in 63% of cervical carcinoma biopsies detected by in situ hybridization. These observations suggest a positive association between EBV and carcinoma of the cervix.
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MESH Headings
- Analysis of Variance
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/biosynthesis
- Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Capsid/immunology
- Capsid Proteins
- Cell Line, Transformed
- DNA, Viral/analysis
- Female
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/immunology
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/isolation & purification
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/biosynthesis
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Situ Hybridization
- Receptors, Complement 3d
- Receptors, Virus/analysis
- Tumor Virus Infections/complications
- Tumor Virus Infections/immunology
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/immunology
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/microbiology
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89
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Cheng HM. Do antiphospholipid autoantibodies modulate the physiological function of cell membrane phospholipids? THE JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE 1993; 122:217. [PMID: 8340708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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90
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Cheng HM, Hughes MS, Lashkari K, Sang D, Yoshida A, McMeel JW, Baker AS. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of vitreal changes in experimental streptococcal endophthalmitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1993; 231:402-4. [PMID: 8406065 DOI: 10.1007/bf00919648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We used magnetic resonance spectroscopy to examine endophthalmitis in rabbits inoculated with a virulent strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae. On different days after infection, the animals were sacrificed and the vitreous isolated and examined with water-suppressed proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A broad resonance corresponding to the methyl envelope of lipoprotein lipids appeared 2 days after infection and persisted until the eyes developed phthisis (around 10 days postinfection). This resonance was absent in the control eye and the bacterial culture; it could be used as the marker of breakdown of blood-vitreous barrier and onset of endophthalmitis-induced changes.
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91
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Cheng HM, Tsai MC. Turner's syndrome associated with sigmoid polyp and colon cancer: report of a case. J Formos Med Assoc 1993; 92:580-2. [PMID: 8106049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A 49-year-old woman with 45,XO karyotype Turner's syndrome and a recent onset of loose-to-watery stool passage was found to have a sigmoid polyp and adenocarcinoma in the ascending colon. Turner's syndrome is a result of a variety of abnormalities of the X chromosome. There are reports that the risk of malignancy, both gonadal and nongonadal in origin, is increased in patients with such chromosomal defects. Although, diet and heredity play important roles in the etiology of colorectal cancer, the relationship between cancer and certain congenital defects should be taken into account.
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92
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Cheng HM, Foong YT, Mathew A, Sam CK, Dillner J, Prasad U. Screening for nasopharyngeal carcinoma with an ELISA using the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen, EBNA 1: a complementary test to the IgA/VCA immunofluorescence assay. J Virol Methods 1993; 42:45-51. [PMID: 7686558 DOI: 10.1016/0166-0934(93)90175-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
An ELISA using the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA 1) was found to detect selectively specific IgA in sera from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The antigen, p107, was a 20-amino acid synthetic peptide, representing a major epitope of EBNA 1.267/294 (90.8%) of NPC patients had IgA antibodies to p107 but in normal individuals, only 41/577 (7.1%) had IgA/p107. In sera from patients with other cancers, 11/77 (14.3%) had IgA/p107 reactivity. 124 IgA/VCA positive and 86 IgA/VCA negative NPC sera were also tested for IgA/p107 binding in ELISA. The majority of IgA/VCA positive sera (117) also contained IgA/p107 antibodies. Of interest was the detection of 74/86 IgA/p107 reactive sera in the IgA/VCA negative group. The results suggest that the IgA/p107 ELISA could become a useful, complementary screening assay to the IgA/VCA immunofluorescence test for detection of NPC.
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93
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Kurata H, Cheng HM, Kozutsumi Y, Yokota Y, Kawasaki T. Role of the collagen-like domain of the human serum mannan-binding protein in the activation of complement and the secretion of this lectin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1993; 191:1204-10. [PMID: 8466497 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1993.1345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Human mannan-binding protein (MBP) is a C-type serum lectin involved in an immunoglobulin-independent host defense. Recently, a common defect of immune opsonin was found to be associated with very low serum levels of MBP. This deficiency was thought to be an effect of a single base substitution in the MBP gene, which resulted in the conversion of Gly54 to Asp. In this study, three mutant MBPs were expressed in COS-1 cells and the effects of these mutations were studied. Gly54Asp-MBP and Gly57Asp-MBP were secreted into the medium almost at the same levels as the wild type MBP, but the formation of higher multimers and the activation of complement were interfered with significantly. The other mutant, in which Leu was inserted into the Gly63-Gln-Gly sequence to restore the collagen motif of the Gly-Xaa-Yaa repeat, was secreted at levels similar to that of the wild type, formed higher multimers and activated complement in a manner not significantly altered from that of the wild type. These results are discussed with regard to the molecular basis of patients with opsonic defects.
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94
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Cheng HM. IgG antiphospholipid autoantibody in normal human sera is reactive against bromelain treated human erythrocytes. J Rheumatol 1993; 20:400-1. [PMID: 8474087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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95
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Tsubota K, Yoshida M, Toda T, Ono M, Kajiwara K, Cheng HM. Aldose reductase inhibition and the phosphorus-31 profile of the intact diabetic rat lens. Ophthalmic Res 1993; 25:393-9. [PMID: 8309679 DOI: 10.1159/000267342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic metabolic change and response to aldose reductase inhibition in the Wistar rat lens were examined with phosphorus-31 (31P) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. To avoid artifacts in sample preparation, we used freshly excised lenses and acquired NMR data for 20 min immediately after lens extraction. The results showed a diabetes-induced time-dependent loss of ATP and phosphorylcholine (PC), an increase in alpha-glycerophosphate (alpha-GP) and inorganic phosphate and the appearance of sorbitol-3-phosphate (S-3-P) and fructose-3-phosphate (F-3-P). Oral but not topical dosing of an aldose reductase inhibitor, 5-(3-ethoxy-4-pentyloxyphenyl)-2,4- thiazolidinedione, resulted in a positive dose-response correlation characterized by a restoration of PC, S-3-P and F-3-P to the prediabetic level; however, alpha-GP and ATP were only partially normalized. The significance of the 31P change was further discussed.
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96
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Cheng HM, Ngeow YF. IgA antiphospholipid antibodies in normal human saliva cross-react with bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1993; 101:297-8. [PMID: 8324391 DOI: 10.1159/000236461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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97
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Cheng HM. Inhibitory and enhancing activity of beta 2-glycoprotein I on antiphospholipid autoantibody binding. Stroke 1992; 23:1683-5. [PMID: 1440726 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.23.11.1683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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98
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Cheng HM, Singh OS, Kwong KK, Xiong J, Woods BT, Brady TJ. Shape of the myopic eye as seen with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Optom Vis Sci 1992; 69:698-701. [PMID: 1437010 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-199209000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We have obtained multislice magnetic resonance (MR) images of the eye and calculated ocular dimensions along the three cardinal axes: antero-posterior (A-P), equatorial, and vertical. We found no difference in the shape of hyperopic (average refractive error: +3.72 D) and emmetropic eyes, both of which had an equatorial diameter longer than the A-P and vertical diameters. Myopic eyes (average refractive error: -6.54 D) were larger than hyperopic eyes, and most had the same spheroelliptical shape as that of the emmetropic and hyperopic eyes. The results suggest that during myopic progression an overall enlargement or a radial volume expansion has occurred.
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99
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Cheng HM, Jap TS, Lee KT, Kwok CF, Ho LT. Arginine induced insulin release in patients with newly onset non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL; FREE CHINA ED 1992; 50:184-8. [PMID: 1330242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
To examine the release of insulin in response to oral glucose, intravenous glucagon and intravenous arginine, we measured the levels of plasma glucose, immuno-reactive insulin (IRI) and C-peptide levels on fasting and following an oral glucose loading (OGTT), intravenous glucagon (GON) and arginine (ARG) infusion test in nine newly diagnosed non-insulin dependent diabetics. Their ages ranged from 38 to 65. The fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels were 240 +/- 14 mg/dl (Mean +/- SEM) and 10.7 +/- 0.54%, respectively. Mean values of the peak C-peptide/fasting C-peptide ratio and peak IRI/fasting IRI ratio were significantly increased, as compared with the basal level (P < 0.05), but not significantly different from those of the OGTT, GON and ARG test. In conclusion, the effect of arginine-induced insulin secretion in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is as good as those of glucose or glucagon.
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100
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