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Nanus DM, Boorjian S, Milowsky MI, Coll DM, Cobham M, Kaplan J, Shelton GE, Melia J, Petrylak DP, Gudas LJ. Phase I/II trial of interferon α2b and ATRA-IV in the treatment of patients with advanced renal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.4606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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77
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Souied E, Benlian P, Leveziel N, Gawrilow P, Letien V, Querues G, Voigt M, Kaplan J, Coscas G, Soubrane G. 259 Étude NAT-3 : supplémentation en DHA pour les patients atteints de forme tardive de maladie de Stargardt. J Fr Ophtalmol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(05)74657-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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78
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Rapp P, Kaplan J, Leowski C, Roche O, Allali J, Abitbol M, Orssaud C, Grange G, Dufier J, Calvas P. 503 L’anophtalmie bilatérale, dépistage in utero : aspect médical et éthique. J Fr Ophtalmol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(05)73623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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79
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Rozet JM, Gerber S, Ducroq D, Hamel C, Dufier JL, Kaplan J. Les dystrophies maculaires héréditaires. J Fr Ophtalmol 2005; 28:113-24. [PMID: 15767907 DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(05)81033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary macular dystrophies are degenerative diseases of the central area of the retina associating primary anomalies of the retinal pigment epithelium and sensory retina. These conditions, whose hallmark is a loss of visual acuity, are a major cause of blindness and affect patients at all ages. Macular dystrophies group diseases that are heterogenous at the genetic level, as well as at the clinical, histological and physiopathological levels. Monogenic macular dystrophies are rare autosomal dominant conditions, with the exception of Stargardt disease in its typical form, which is not only relatively frequent but is also inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. During the last few years, the molecular bases of these conditions have begun to be elucidated with the identification of several responsible genes. For some macular dystrophies, this new information has confirmed pre-existing hypotheses on their pathophysiology, but for others, the discovery of the disease gene has added further complexity to the disease process. Two contradictory concepts were particularly highlighted by these genetic studies. Several phenotypes previously described as different clinical entities were brought together by the identification of mutations in the same gene, and converselyome conditions that were clinically assigned the same name, often heterogeneous at the clinical level, appeared genetically and physiopathologically heterogeneous. In addition, it is worth noting that the monogenic macular dystrophy genes were often regarded as potential factors for susceptibility to age-related macular degenerations. However, to date, only ABCA4 mutations have been associated with a minority of this frequent multifactorial condition. The aim of this article is to give a progress report on the monogenic macular dystrophy genes and to review current knowledge concerning the pathophysiology of these conditions.
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80
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Abstract
The de novo design of catalytic proteins provides a stringent test of our understanding of enzyme function, while simultaneously laying the groundwork for the design of novel catalysts. Here we describe the design of an O(2)-dependent phenol oxidase whose structure, sequence, and activity are designed from first principles. The protein catalyzes the two-electron oxidation of 4-aminophenol (k(cat)/K(M) = 1,500 M(-1).min(-1)) to the corresponding quinone monoimine by using a diiron cofactor. The catalytic efficiency is sensitive to changes of the size of a methyl group in the protein, illustrating the specificity of the design.
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81
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Price G, Kaplan J, Skowronski G. Use of recombinant factor VIIa to treat life-threatening non-surgical bleeding in a post-partum patient. Br J Anaesth 2004; 93:298-300. [PMID: 15194629 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeh196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ongoing bleeding from patients who have an acquired coagulopathy post-surgery is a common problem. Strategies that are available to combat this problem revolve around the replacement of coagulation factors, platelets, and red blood cells as necessary. These strategies are not always successful and a more direct approach to activating the coagulation system can be more effective and in some instances life saving. We describe the use of recombinant factor VIIa in a patient with ongoing post partum bleeding.
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82
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Chacon M, Gonzalez A, Urrutia G, Jankilevich G, Domenechini E, Kaplan J, Chacon R. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP): Mohs surgery technique and prognostic factors. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.9066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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83
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Souied E, Kaplan J, Coscas G, Soubrane G. [Macular dystrophies]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2003; 26:743-62. [PMID: 13130265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Macular dystrophies are a group of hereditary disorders of the macula occurring in children or young adults. The most frequent in France will be presented in detail: Best disease, Stargardt macular dystrophy, cone dystrophy, X-linked retinoschisis, pattern dystrophy, and malattia leventinese. Molecular biology studies have now mapped and identified the genes involved in these macular dystrophies. Analysis of the features of fundus examination will lead to further examinations such as fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, optical coherent tomography, electroretinography, or electrooculography, in order to confirm the diagnosis. We will also present the differential diagnosis of each of these macular dystrophies.
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84
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Perrault I, Hanein S, Gerber S, Barbet F, Dufier JL, Munnich A, Rozet JM, Kaplan J. Evidence of autosomal dominant Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) underlain by a CRX heterozygous null allele. J Med Genet 2003; 40:e90. [PMID: 12843339 PMCID: PMC1735514 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.40.7.e90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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85
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Ranmar DO, Matveev V, Dayan U, Peleg M, Kaplan J, Gertler AW, Luria M, Kallos G, Katsafados P, Mahrer Y. Impact of coastal transportation emissions on inland air pollution over Israel: Utilizing numerical simulations, airborne measurements, and synoptic analyses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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86
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Abstract
The major impact of the completion of the human genome sequence is the understanding of disease etiology with deduced therapy. The catalog of monogenic diseases should be easily completed through in silico cloning. The major challenge today is to decipher the polygenic and multifactorial etiology of common diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular, nutritional, allergic, auto-immune, degenerative disorders. In fact every gene, when mutated, is a potential disease gene, and we end up with the new concept of 'reverse medicine', by which we will derive new morbid entities and pathogenic pathways from the knowledge of the structure and function of every gene. A new molecular and supramolecular integrated physiology will help build a molecular pathophysiology of the different syndromes, from which etiologic therapy will derive. The revolution in nosology, the problem of predictive medicine when therapeutic curative or preventive measure are lagging behind, are some of the novel challenges that molecular medicine has to face.
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87
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de Silva JAF, Schwartz MA, Stefanovic V, Kaplan J, D'Arconte L. Determination of Diazepam (Valium) in Blood by Gas Liquid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ac60217a020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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88
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Rozet JM, Perrault I, Gigarel N, Souied E, Ghazi I, Gerber S, Dufier JL, Munnich A, Kaplan J. Dominant X linked retinitis pigmentosa is frequently accounted for by truncating mutations in exon ORF15 of the RPGR gene. J Med Genet 2002; 39:284-5. [PMID: 11950860 PMCID: PMC1735080 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.39.4.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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89
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Masur H, Kaplan J. Current status of opportunistic infections in patients with HIV infection in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. CURRENT CLINICAL TOPICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2002; 21:64-82. [PMID: 11572162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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90
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Rimland D, Navin TR, Lennox JL, Jernigan JA, Kaplan J, Erdman D, Morrison CJ, Wahlquist SP. Prospective study of etiologic agents of community-acquired pneumonia in patients with HIV infection. AIDS 2002; 16:85-95. [PMID: 11741166 DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200201040-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study prospectively HIV-positive patients admitted to the hospital because of pneumonia by extensive laboratory tests to determine specific microbiologic diagnoses and to establish the best clinical diagnosis after review of all available data by expert clinicians. METHODS Patients admitted to one of two hospitals had extensive questionnaires completed and defined diagnostic tests performed on blood, sputum, urine and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens, when available. RESULTS A total of 230 patients had a diagnosis of pneumonia verified. A definite or probable etiologic diagnosis was made in 155 (67%) of these patients. Pneumocystis carinii caused 35% of all cases of pneumonia. Twenty-seven percent of cases of pneumonia with a single etiology had a definite or probable bacterial etiology. 'Atypical agents' were distinctly uncommon. Few clinical or laboratory parameters could differentiate specific etiologies. CONCLUSIONS P. carinii continues to be a common cause of pneumonia in these patients. The rarity of 'atypical agents' could simplify the empiric approach to therapy. Despite the use of extensive testing we did not find a definite etiology in a large number of cases.
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91
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Delettre C, Griffoin JM, Kaplan J, Dollfus H, Lorenz B, Faivre L, Lenaers G, Belenguer P, Hamel CP. Mutation spectrum and splicing variants in the OPA1 gene. Hum Genet 2001; 109:584-91. [PMID: 11810270 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-001-0633-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2001] [Accepted: 09/14/2001] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Optic atrophy type 1 (OPA1, MIM 165500) is a dominantly inherited optic neuropathy that features low visual acuity leading in many cases to legal blindness. We have recently shown, with others, that mutations in the OPA1 gene encoding a dynamin-related mitochondrial protein, underlie the dominant form of optic atrophy. Here we report that OPA1 has eight mRNA isoforms as a result of the alternative splicing of exon 4 and two novel exons named 4b and 5b. In addition, we screened a cohort of 19 unrelated patients with dominant optic atrophy by direct sequencing of the 30 OPA1 exons (including exons 4b and 5b) and found mutations in 17 (89%) of them of which 8 were novel. A majority of these mutations were truncative (65%) and located in exons 8 to 28, but a number of them were amino acid changes predominantly found in the GTPase domain (exons 8 to 15). We hypothesize that at least two modifications of OPA1 may lead to dominant optic atrophy, that is alteration in GTPase activity and loss of the last seven C-terminal amino acids that putatively interact with other proteins.
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92
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Abstract
The human gene frataxin and its yeast homolog YFH1 affect mitochondrial function. Deficits in frataxin result in Friedreich ataxia, while deletion of YFH1 results in respiratory incompetence. We determined that as long as respiratory incompetent yeast express Yfh1p they do not accumulate excessive mitochondrial iron. Deletion of YFH1 in respiratory incompetent yeast results in mitochondrial iron accumulation, while the reintroduction of Yfh1p results in mitochondrial iron export. Further, overexpression of Yfh1p has no effect on oxygen consumption in wild-type yeast grown in either fermentative or respiratory carbon sources. We conclude that the effect of Yfh1p on mitochondrial iron metabolism is independent of respiratory activity.
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93
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Ardon O, Bussey H, Philpott C, Ward DM, Davis-Kaplan S, Verroneau S, Jiang B, Kaplan J. Identification of a Candida albicans ferrichrome transporter and its characterization by expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:43049-55. [PMID: 11562378 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m108701200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae can accumulate iron through the uptake of siderophore-iron. Siderophore-iron uptake can occur through the reduction of the complex and the subsequent uptake of iron by the high affinity iron transporter Fet3p/Ftr1p. Alternatively, specific siderophore transporters can take up the siderophore-iron complex. The pathogenic fungus Candida albicans can also take up siderophore-iron. Here we identify a C. albicans siderophore transporter, CaArn1p, and characterize its activity. CaARN1 is transcriptionally regulated in response to iron. Through expression studies in S. cerevisiae strains lacking endogenous siderophore transporters, we demonstrate that CaArn1p specifically mediates the uptake of ferrichrome-iron. Iron-ferrichrome and gallium-ferrichrome, but not desferri-ferrichrome, could competitively inhibit the uptake of iron from ferrichrome. Uptake of siderophore-iron resulting from expression of CaARN1 under the control of the MET25-promoter in S. cerevisiae was independent of the iron status of the cells and of Aft1p, the iron-sensing transcription factor. These studies demonstrate that the expression of CaArn1p is both necessary and sufficient for the nonreductive uptake of ferrichrome-iron and suggests that the transporter may be the only required component of the siderophore uptake system that is regulated by iron and Aft1p.
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94
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Rudginsky S, Siders W, Ingram L, Marshall J, Scheule R, Kaplan J. Antitumor activity of cationic lipid complexed with immunostimulatory DNA. Mol Ther 2001; 4:347-55. [PMID: 11592838 DOI: 10.1006/mthe.2001.0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that treatment of intraperitoneal tumors with complexes of cationic lipid and noncoding plasmid DNA leads to the development of a specific, cytotoxic T-cell response correlating with the rejection of established tumor cells as well as subsequent tumor re-challenge. Here, focusing on an intraperitoneal AB12 mesothelioma model, we show that the anticancer effects of the lipid:DNA complex are associated with DNA containing immunostimulatory CpG motifs. Complexes prepared with cationic lipid and bacterial plasmid DNA, Escherichia coli genomic DNA fragments, or synthetic immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides provided a substantial survival benefit, whereas eukaryotic DNA and methylated bacterial DNA had little or no therapeutic activity. Alternative inflammatory stimuli such as thioglycolate, poly(I:C), and incomplete or complete Freund's adjuvant failed to reproduce the antitumor activity obtained with the lipid:DNA complex. The innate immune response triggered by lipid:DNA complexes led to the development of a systemic immune response against tumor cells that allowed animals to reject tumors not only at the intraperitoneal treatment site, but also at a distal subcutaneous site. These data demonstrate that immunostimulatory DNA complexed with cationic lipid is a potent inducer of innate and adaptive immune responses against tumor cells and represents a potentially useful tool in the immunotherapy of cancers for which tumor-associated antigens have not been identified.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- CpG Islands/genetics
- CpG Islands/immunology
- Cytokines/immunology
- Cytokines/metabolism
- DNA Methylation
- DNA, Bacterial/immunology
- DNA, Bacterial/pharmacology
- DNA, Bacterial/therapeutic use
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Carriers/pharmacology
- Drug Carriers/therapeutic use
- Female
- Freund's Adjuvant/immunology
- Freund's Adjuvant/pharmacology
- Genetic Therapy/methods
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular/drug effects
- Immunity, Cellular/immunology
- Immunity, Innate/drug effects
- Immunity, Innate/immunology
- Inflammation/chemically induced
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Lipids/chemistry
- Lipids/immunology
- Lipids/pharmacology
- Melanoma/genetics
- Melanoma/therapy
- Mesothelioma/genetics
- Mesothelioma/immunology
- Mesothelioma/therapy
- Mice
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/therapy
- Rats
- Survival Analysis
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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95
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Souied E, Kaplan J, Coscas G, Soubrane G. [Age-related macular degeneration and genetics]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2001; 24:875-85. [PMID: 11894541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main cause of blindness after age 55 in western countries. These last past years, several lines of evidence such as familial aggregation or twin studies suggested a genetic component in AMD. However, the late onset of the disease and the fact that AMD is a polygenic and multifactorial disease are the main limiting factors for linkage studies. Gene candidate strategy allowed the exclusion of several genes (VMD2, RDS, TIMP3) and lead to the implication of two genetic factors: the apoE gene (involved in the transport of lipids) and the ABCR gene (involved in Stargardt macular dystrophy). Concerning the apoE gene, a lower frequency of the epsilon 4 alleles carriers was observed in the exudative AMD population compared with controls, supporting the idea of a role of the apoE gene in exudative AMD with drusen. These results, together with ultrastructural studies, suggest that allele epsilon 4 is a protective factor for drusen and thus for AMD. For the ABCR gene, several studies and a large multicentric study definitively show that some heterozygous mutations are predisposing factors for AMD, in a polygenic and multifactorial model.
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96
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Hillis GS, Terregino C, Taggart P, Killian A, Zhao N, Kaplan J, Dalsey WC, Mangione A. Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 as a predictor of early adverse events in patients with chest pain compatible with myocardial ischemia. Ann Emerg Med 2001; 38:223-8. [PMID: 11524640 DOI: 10.1067/mem.2001.117199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Inflammation plays an important role in acute coronary syndromes, and some evidence indicates that patients with a more pronounced vascular inflammatory response have a poorer outcome. Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) is a specific marker for vascular endothelial cell activation. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of plasma sICAM-1 levels in patients with acute chest pain compatible with myocardial ischemia. METHODS This prospective study was conducted at 2 urban university medical centers. The study cohort consisted of 119 consecutive patients with chest pain in whom myocardial ischemia was suspected clinically at presentation. Patients with conditions that affect sICAM-1 levels were ineligible. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI), C-reactive protein, and sICAM-1 levels were assayed at presentation to the emergency department. The primary end point was the occurrence of a serious cardiac event (death, nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization) in the hospital. RESULTS Although sICAM-1 levels tended to be higher in patients with a serious cardiac event, there was no significant association. In contrast, a cTnI level greater than 0.2 ng/mL was a powerful predictor of an in-hospital serious cardiac event (odds ratio 16.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.7 to 55.9; P <.0001). Soluble ICAM-1 levels of more than 260 ng/mL at presentation had a sensitivity for predicting a serious cardiac event of 63% (95% CI 46% to 81%) but a specificity of only 47% (95% CI 38% to 57%). CONCLUSION In a heterogeneous population of patients with chest pain compatible with myocardial ischemia, elevated sICAM-1 levels are poor predictors of an individual patient suffering a serious cardiac event in the hospital.
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97
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Liberman L, Kaplan J, Van Zee KJ, Morris EA, LaTrenta LR, Abramson AF, Dershaw DD. Bracketing wires for preoperative breast needle localization. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2001; 177:565-72. [PMID: 11517048 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.177.3.1770565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of bracketing wire placement during preoperative breast needle localization. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We prospectively examined mammograms of 1057 consecutive lesions that had preoperative needle localization and surgical excision and classified the lesions according to Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) final assessment categories. Bracketing wires, defined as multiple wires placed to delineate the boundaries of a single lesion, were used in 103 (9.7%) of 1057 lesions. Medical records, imaging studies, and histologic findings in these 103 lesions were reviewed. RESULTS Of 103 bracketed lesions, median lesion size was 3.5 cm (range, 1.5-9.5 cm). Ninety-three lesions (90.3%) contained calcifications; 65 lesions (63.1%) were BI-RADS category 5 (highly suggestive of malignancy); and 33 lesions (32.0%) were percutaneously proven cancers. The median number of wires placed was two (range, 2-5). Surgical histologic findings were carcinoma in 75 lesions (72.8%), atypical hyperplasia in eight lesions (7.8%), and benign in 20 lesions (19.4%). Of 42 calcific lesions that were bracketed and had postoperative mammograms available for review, complete removal of suspicious calcifications was accomplished in 34 (81.0%). Of 75 cancers that were bracketed, clear histologic margins of resection were obtained in 33 (44.0%). CONCLUSION Bracketing wires were used during preoperative needle localization primarily for larger calcific lesions that were proven cancers or were highly suggestive of malignancy (BI-RADS category 5). Bracketing wires may assist the surgeon in achieving complete excision of calcifications, but bracketing wires do not ensure clear histologic margins of resection.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Biopsy/instrumentation
- Breast/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/surgery
- Calcinosis/diagnostic imaging
- Calcinosis/pathology
- Calcinosis/surgery
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/diagnostic imaging
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/surgery
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/diagnostic imaging
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/surgery
- Carcinoma, Lobular/diagnostic imaging
- Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Lobular/surgery
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Female
- Fibrocystic Breast Disease/diagnostic imaging
- Fibrocystic Breast Disease/pathology
- Fibrocystic Breast Disease/surgery
- Humans
- Hyperplasia
- Mammography/instrumentation
- Mastectomy, Segmental/instrumentation
- Middle Aged
- Prospective Studies
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98
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Li L, Chen OS, McVey Ward D, Kaplan J. CCC1 is a transporter that mediates vacuolar iron storage in yeast. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:29515-9. [PMID: 11390404 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m103944200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae can grow for generations in the absence of exogenous iron, indicating a capacity to store intracellular iron. As cells can accumulate iron by endocytosis we studied iron metabolism in yeast that were defective in endocytosis. We demonstrated that endocytosis-defective yeast (Delta end4) can store iron in the vacuole, indicating a transfer of iron from the cytosol to the vacuole. Using several different criteria we demonstrated that CCC1 encodes a transporter that effects the accumulation of iron and Mn(2+) in vacuoles. Overexpression of CCC1, which is localized to the vacuole, lowers cytosolic iron and increases vacuolar iron content. Conversely, deletion of CCC1 results in decreased vacuolar iron content and decreased iron stores, which affect cytosolic iron levels and cell growth. Furthermore Delta ccc1 cells show increased sensitivity to external iron. The sensitivity to iron is exacerbated by ectopic expression of the iron transporter FET4. These results indicate that yeast can store iron in the vacuole and that CCC1 is involved in the transfer of iron from the cytosol to the vacuole.
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99
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Gerber S, Perrault I, Hanein S, Barbet F, Ducroq D, Ghazi I, Martin-Coignard D, Leowski C, Homfray T, Dufier JL, Munnich A, Kaplan J, Rozet JM. Complete exon-intron structure of the RPGR-interacting protein (RPGRIP1) gene allows the identification of mutations underlying Leber congenital amaurosis. Eur J Hum Genet 2001; 9:561-71. [PMID: 11528500 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2001] [Revised: 05/17/2001] [Accepted: 05/22/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a genetically heterogeneous autosomal recessive condition responsible for congenital blindness or greatly impaired vision since birth. So far, six LCA loci have been mapped but only 4 out of 6 genes have been identified. A genome-wide screen for homozygosity was conducted in seven consanguineous families unlinked to any of the six LCA loci. Evidence for homozygosity was found in two of these seven families at the 14q11 chromosomal region. Two retinal specific candidate genes were known to map to this region, namely the neural retina leucine zipper (NRL) and the retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator interacting protein (RPGRIP1). No mutation of the NRL gene was found in any of the two families. Thus, we determined the complete exon-intron structure of the RPGRIP1 gene. RPGRIP1 encompasses 24 coding exons, nine of which are first described here with their corresponding exon-intron boundaries. The screening of the gene in the two families consistent with linkage to chromosome 14q11 allowed the identification of a homozygous null mutation and a homozygous missense mutation, respectively. Further screening of LCA patients unlinked to any of the four already identified LCA genes (n=86) identified seven additional mutations in six of them. In total, eight distinct mutations (5 out of 8 truncating) in 8/93 patients were found. So far this gene accounts for eight out of 142 LCA cases in our series (5.6%).
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100
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Cherniack M, Dillon C, Erdil M, Ferguson S, Kaplan J, Krompinger J, Litt M, Murphy M. Clinical and psychological correlates of lumbar motion abnormalities in low back disorders. Spine J 2001; 1:290-8. [PMID: 14588334 DOI: 10.1016/s1529-9430(01)00104-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Low back pain (LBP) and low back disorders (LBDs) identify a complex constellation of conditions that frustrate both diagnosis and therapy. Dynamic quantitative assessment and questionnaire instruments directed toward psychosocial and situational variables provide potentially powerful tools for determining functional pathology and potentially outcome. PURPOSE Our goal was to independently assess clinical correlates of a trunk motion measurement device, the lumbar motion monitor (LMM). The reliability of the LMM as a clinical test was assessed by comparison with an independent medical examination and biobehavioral questionnaires. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING There were three study components. A multispecialty physician panel that administered a structured physical examination contributed to a clinical correlation case series study. Standardized outcomes and risk identification questionnaires were administered to the case population. Finally, the LMM was administered in a customary fashion to the same population. PATIENT SAMPLE Nineteen subjects were recruited on the basis of criteria that included symptoms of chronic recurrent low back pain. This was an employed and active, although impaired, population. Eighteen of the subjects were currently employed with limited lost work time, but chronic and recurrent pain was a common feature. OUTCOME MEASURES Questionnaire outcome measures were both characterologic and situation based. In addition to providing diagnoses, the physician panel was also asked to offer certain qualitative assessments, such as rehabilitative potential and functional level pertinent to activities of daily living. The impact of LMM measures on physician decision making was also assessed. Trunk angular measurements were used to assess function of patients with chronic low back disorders. METHODS Kinematic performance on the LMM was expressed as three probability scores. These were the likelihood of abnormality, the "sincerity of effort" (exacerbation or aggravation of impairment), and the likelihood of structural anatomic disease. These variables were examined against established self-report measures of pain and disability. RESULTS The LMM and physician panels were in agreement on the presence or absence of abnormality. LMM findings tended to be more consistent with clinical history than the clinical examination. The LMM results were also generally consistent with the self-reported measures of pain and disability: a high likelihood of structural disease was associated with depression, somatization, poor health perception and diminished vitality. CONCLUSIONS The LMM appears to be a useful assessment tool for gauging the presence of LBP and LBD. It was accurate in detecting abnormality when abnormality was determined by clinical history and physician diagnosis. The LMM's differentiation of mechanical low back disease (nonanatomically specific disorders) from structurally specific low back disease was not consistent with a parallel clinical differentiation. Larger trials in a prospective format and studies on a chronically disabled population seem warranted. In an impaired but less disabled population, elevated pain and somatization did not appear to weaken the effort during testing.
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