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Yoshihara A, Nagata N, Wada H, Kobayashi K. Plastid Anionic Lipids Are Essential for the Development of Both Photosynthetic and Non-Photosynthetic Organs in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4860. [PMID: 34064353 PMCID: PMC8124801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The lipid bilayer matrix of the thylakoid membrane of cyanobacteria and chloroplasts of plants and algae is mainly composed of uncharged galactolipids, but also contains anionic lipids sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) as major constituents. The necessity of PG for photosynthesis is evident in all photosynthetic organisms examined to date, whereas the requirement of SQDG varies with species. In plants, although PG and SQDG are also found in non-photosynthetic plastids, their importance for the growth and functions of non-photosynthetic organs remains unclear. In addition, plants synthesize another anionic lipid glucuronosyldiacylglycerol (GlcADG) during phosphorus starvation, but its role in plant cells is not elucidated yet. To understand the functional relationships among PG, SQDG, and GlcADG, we characterized several Arabidopsis thaliana mutants defective in biosynthesis of these lipids. The mutants completely lacking both PG and SQDG biosynthesis in plastids showed developmental defects of roots, hypocotyls, and embryos in addition to leaves, which suggests that these lipids are pleiotropically required for the development of both photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic organs. Furthermore, our analysis revealed that SQDG, but not GlcADG, is essential for complementing the role of PG, particularly in photosynthesis under PG-deficient conditions such as phosphorus starvation.
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She R, Kobayashi K, Kim J, Shin J, Patel K, Goel A, Thibodeau R. Abstract No. 203 Association between chest port catheter tip location at the time of placement and catheter migration resulting in port malfunction. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Kobayashi K, Bartlow C, Jawed M. Abstract No. 177 Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL): risk factors for incomplete stone clearance requiring second-look PCNL. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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She R, Kobayashi K, Goel A, Thibodeau R. Abstract No. 202 Association between the number of port lumens (single versus double) and chest port infections: a propensity score matching analysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Kobayashi K, Jo T, Mimura W, Suzukawa M, Ohshima N, Tanaka G, Akazawa M, Matsui H, Fushimi K, Yasunaga H, Nagase T, Nagai H. Interrupted time-series analyses of routine vaccination program for elderly pneumonia patients in Japan; an ecological study using aggregated nationwide inpatient data. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:2661-2669. [PMID: 33877954 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1875760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A national routine pneumococcal pneumonia immunization program started in Japan in 2014. It targeted the population aged ≥65 years and used a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine; PPSV23. However, its effectiveness was not well defined because of the lack of a comprehensive database on the PPSV23 vaccination status of each subject. We used interrupted time-series analyses to assess the changes in the incidence and prognosis of elderly patients hospitalized for pneumonia before and after initiation of the program. First, we estimated the PPSV23 coverage rates in subjects aged ≥65 years based on the number of shipped PPSV23 syringes and the estimated population in each prefecture. The estimated coverage rates reached around 40% in 2014 for the 3 Tohoku prefectures, while those in the other prefectures remained below 20%. After the national routine immunization program started, the estimated coverage rate increased significantly in every prefecture and exceeded 40% in 2017. Next, we aggregated the data extracted from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database from April 2011 through February 2017 for hospitalized pneumonia patients aged ≥65 years. The data included data from 655,746 patients, excluding those in the 3 Tohoku prefectures. Interrupted time-series analyses found no change in the incidence of hospitalized pneumonia patients and in-hospital mortality after the vaccination program, but there was a decrease in the in-hospital mortality of pneumonia patients with severe comorbidities defined by the modified Charlson comorbidity index. These results suggest an association between the vaccination program and an improved outcome in hospitalized elderly pneumonia patients with severe comorbidities in Japan.
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Kobayashi K, Okuno N, Arai G, Nakatsu H, Maniwa A, Kamiya N, Satoh T, Kikukawa H, Nasu Y, Uemura H, Nakashima T, Mikami K, Iinuma M, Tanabe K, Furukawa J, Kobayashi H. Efficacy and safety of abiraterone acetate plus prednisolone in patients with early metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who failed first-line androgen-deprivation therapy: a single-arm, phase 4 study. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2021; 51:544-551. [PMID: 33324967 PMCID: PMC8012350 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyaa225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of abiraterone acetate plus prednisolone in patients with chemotherapy-naïve early metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who failed first-line androgen deprivation therapy. Methods Patients with early metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with confirmed prostate-specific antigen progression within 1-year or prostate-specific antigen progression without having normal prostate-specific antigen level (<4.0 ng/mL) during first-line androgen deprivation therapy were enrolled and administered abiraterone acetate (1000 mg) plus prednisolone (10 mg). A minimum of 48 patients were required according to Simon’s minimax design. The primary endpoint was prostate-specific antigen response rate (≥50% prostate-specific antigen decline by 12 weeks), secondary endpoints included prostate-specific antigen progression-free survival and overall survival. Safety parameters were also assessed. Results For efficacy, 49/50 patients were evaluable. Median age was 73 (range: 55–86) years. The median duration of initial androgen deprivation therapy was 32.4 (range: 13.4–84.1) weeks and 48 patients experienced prostate-specific antigen progression within 1-year after initiation of androgen deprivation therapy. prostate-specific antigen response rate was 55.1% (95% confidence interval: 40.2%–69.3%), median prostate-specific antigen–progression-free survival was 24.1 weeks, and median overall survival was 102.9 weeks (95% confidence interval: 64.86 not estimable [NE]). Most common adverse event was nasopharyngitis (15/50 patients, 30.0%). The most common ≥grade 3 adverse event was alanine aminotransferase increased (6/50 patients, 12.0%). Conclusions Abiraterone acetate plus prednisolone demonstrated a high prostate-specific antigen response rate of 55.1%, suggesting tumor growth still depends on androgen synthesis in patients with early metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, prostate-specific antigen–progression-free survival was shorter than that reported in previous studies. Considering the benefit–risk profile, abiraterone acetate plus prednisolone would be a beneficial treatment option for patients with chemotherapy-naive metastatic prostate cancer who show early castration resistance.
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Fujii Y, Kobayashi K, Yamamoto S, Kimura S, Miyai H, Hayakawa T, Takiguchi S. Delta-shaped overlap anastomosis in laparoscopic colectomy with mechanical closure of the enterotomy. Tech Coloproctol 2021; 25:971-972. [PMID: 33835339 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-021-02443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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83
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Schneider M, Kobayashi K, Uldry E, Demartines N, Golshayan D, Halkic N. Rhizomucor hepatosplenic abscesses in a patient with renal and pancreatic transplantation. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2021; 103:e131-e135. [PMID: 33682478 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2020.7125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections are generally observed in immunosuppressed patients only, with a diagnostic challenge due to non-specific symptoms. For this reason, appropriate management may be delayed. This case report concerns a 36-year-old man with history of pancreas and kidney transplantation. He had chemotherapy for post-transplant B-cell lymphoma and presented with left upper abdominal pain and fever. Multiple investigations led to a final diagnosis of disseminated abdominal mucormycosis with multiple Rhizomucor abscesses in the liver, spleen and kidney transplant. Treatment was antifungal therapy and laparotomy with splenectomy, wedge resection of two fungal abscesses in segments II and IVb, and segmental left colic resection.
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Tsubata Y, Ohtsu H, Hotta T, Yamasaki M, Ishikawa N, Fujitaka K, Kubota T, Kobayashi K, Isobe T. MA10.04 A New Predictive Score for Venous Thromboembolism Associated with Advanced Lung Cancer: A Multicenter, Prospective Study (Rising-VTE/NEJ037). J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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85
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Mouri A, Tanaka K, Asahina H, Kishimoto J, Okada M, Watanabe K, Hamai K, Harada T, Tsubata Y, Sugawara S, Kobayashi K, Sugio K, Oizumi S, Okamoto I. FP14.02 A Phase II Study of Osimertinib versus Combination of Osimertinib and Chemotherapy for EGFR and T790M-Mutation Positive NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Saito R, Tsubata Y, Nakamura A, Yoshioka H, Morita M, Honda R, Kanaji N, Watanabe M, Jingu D, Nakagawa T, Nakazawa K, Mouri A, Takeuchi S, Furuya N, Akazawa Y, Miura K, Ichihara E, Kobayashi K, Morita S, Isobe T. P76.79 Osimertinib in Poor PS Patients with T790M-Positive Advanced NSCLC after Progression of EGFR TKI Treatments (NEJ032B). J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.1136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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87
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Hayakawa SH, Agari K, Ahn JK, Akaishi T, Akazawa Y, Ashikaga S, Bassalleck B, Bleser S, Ekawa H, Endo Y, Fujikawa Y, Fujioka N, Fujita M, Goto R, Han Y, Hasegawa S, Hashimoto T, Hayakawa T, Hayata E, Hicks K, Hirose E, Hirose M, Honda R, Hoshino K, Hoshino S, Hosomi K, Hwang SH, Ichikawa Y, Ichikawa M, Imai K, Inaba K, Ishikawa Y, Ito H, Ito K, Jung WS, Kanatsuki S, Kanauchi H, Kasagi A, Kawai T, Kim MH, Kim SH, Kinbara S, Kiuchi R, Kobayashi H, Kobayashi K, Koike T, Koshikawa A, Lee JY, Ma TL, Matsumoto SY, Minakawa M, Miwa K, Moe AT, Moon TJ, Moritsu M, Nagase Y, Nakada Y, Nakagawa M, Nakashima D, Nakazawa K, Nanamura T, Naruki M, Nyaw ANL, Ogura Y, Ohashi M, Oue K, Ozawa S, Pochodzalla J, Ryu SY, Sako H, Sato S, Sato Y, Schupp F, Shirotori K, Soe MM, Soe MK, Sohn JY, Sugimura H, Suzuki KN, Takahashi H, Takahashi T, Takeda T, Tamura H, Tanida K, Theint AMM, Tint KT, Toyama Y, Ukai M, Umezaki E, Watabe T, Watanabe K, Yamamoto TO, Yang SB, Yoon CS, Yoshida J, Yoshimoto M, Zhang DH, Zhang Z. Observation of Coulomb-Assisted Nuclear Bound State of Ξ^{-}-^{14}N System. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:062501. [PMID: 33635678 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.062501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In an emulsion-counter hybrid experiment performed at J-PARC, a Ξ^{-} absorption event was observed which decayed into twin single-Λ hypernuclei. Kinematic calculations enabled a unique identification of the reaction process as Ξ^{-}+^{14}N→_{Λ}^{10}Be+_{Λ}^{5}He. For the binding energy of the Ξ^{-} hyperon in the Ξ^{-}-^{14}N system a value of 1.27±0.21 MeV was deduced. The energy level of Ξ^{-} is likely a nuclear 1p state which indicates a weak ΞN-ΛΛ coupling.
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Obata T, Kobayashi K, Tadakuma R, Akasaka T, Iba K, Negi J. The Endoplasmic Reticulum Pathway for Membrane Lipid Synthesis Has a Significant Contribution toward Shoot Removal-Induced Root Chloroplast Development in Arabidopsis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 62:494-501. [DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Chloroplast lipids are synthesized via two distinct pathways: the plastidic pathway and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) pathway. We previously reported that the contribution of the two pathways toward chloroplast development is different between mesophyll cells and guard cells in Arabidopsis leaf tissues and that the ER pathway plays a major role in guard cell chloroplast development. However, little is known about the contribution of the two pathways toward chloroplast development in other tissue cells, and in this study, we focused on root cells. Chloroplast development is normally repressed in roots but can be induced when the roots are detached from the shoots (root greening). We found that, similar to guard cells, root cells exhibit a higher proportion of glycolipid from the ER pathway. Root greening was repressed in the gles1 mutant, which has a defect in ER-to-plastid lipid transportation via the ER pathway, while normal root greening was observed in the ats1 mutant, whose plastidic pathway is blocked. Lipid analysis revealed that the gles1 mutation caused drastic decrease in the ER-derived glycolipids in roots. Furthermore, the gles1 detached roots showed smaller chloroplasts containing less starch than WT. These results suggest that the ER pathway has a significant contribution toward chloroplast development in the root cells.
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Asada-Utsugi M, Uemura K, Kubota M, Noda Y, Tashiro Y, Uemura TM, Yamakado H, Urushitani M, Takahashi R, Hattori S, Miyakawa T, Ageta-Ishihara N, Kobayashi K, Kinoshita M, Kinoshita A. Mice with cleavage-resistant N-cadherin exhibit synapse anomaly in the hippocampus and outperformance in spatial learning tasks. Mol Brain 2021; 14:23. [PMID: 33494786 PMCID: PMC7831172 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00738-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
N-cadherin is a homophilic cell adhesion molecule that stabilizes excitatory synapses, by connecting pre- and post-synaptic termini. Upon NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activation by glutamate, membrane-proximal domains of N-cadherin are cleaved serially by a-disintegrin-and-metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) and then presenilin 1(PS1, catalytic subunit of the γ-secretase complex). To assess the physiological significance of the initial N-cadherin cleavage, we engineer the mouse genome to create a knock-in allele with tandem missense mutations in the mouse N-cadherin/Cadherin-2 gene (Cdh2 R714G, I715D, or GD) that confers resistance on proteolysis by ADAM10 (GD mice). GD mice showed a better performance in the radial maze test, with significantly less revisiting errors after intervals of 30 and 300 s than WT, and a tendency for enhanced freezing in fear conditioning. Interestingly, GD mice reveal higher complexity in the tufts of thorny excrescence in the CA3 region of the hippocampus. Fine morphometry with serial section transmission electron microscopy (ssTEM) and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction reveals significantly higher synaptic density, significantly smaller PSD area, and normal dendritic spine volume in GD mice. This knock-in mouse has provided in vivo evidence that ADAM10-mediated cleavage is a critical step in N-cadherin shedding and degradation and involved in the structure and function of glutamatergic synapses, which affect the memory function.
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Conti G, Gardella V, Vandecaveye MA, Gomez CA, Joris G, Hauteville C, Burdyn L, Almasia NI, Nahirñak V, Vazquez-Rovere C, Gochez AM, Furman N, Lezcano CC, Kobayashi K, García ML, Canteros BI, Hopp HE, Reyes CA. Transgenic Citrange troyer rootstocks overexpressing antimicrobial potato Snakin-1 show reduced citrus canker disease symptoms. J Biotechnol 2020; 324:99-102. [PMID: 32998033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Citrus canker is a major disease caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. citri. Snakin-1 is an antimicrobial peptide, which was previously shown to be effective against different bacterial and fungal diseases in potato, wheat and lettuce when expressed in transgenic plants. We generated transgenic Citrange Troyer citrus rootstocks constitutively expressing this peptide and 5 different transgenic lines were challenged against virulent X. citri isolates. Challenge assays conducted in vitro using detached leaves and in planta by infiltration revealed a significant reduction of the number and size of canker lesions in some of the transgenic lines.
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Bagliesi MG, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, Ebisawa K, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Link J, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, de Nolfo GA, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ospina N, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Palma F, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Sparvoli R, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Suh JE, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K. Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Carbon and Oxygen Spectra from 10 GeV/n to 2.2 TeV/n with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:251102. [PMID: 33416351 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.251102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present the measurement of the energy spectra of carbon and oxygen in cosmic rays based on observations with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station from October 2015 to October 2019. Analysis, including the detailed assessment of systematic uncertainties, and results are reported. The energy spectra are measured in kinetic energy per nucleon from 10 GeV/n to 2.2 TeV/n with an all-calorimetric instrument with a total thickness corresponding to 1.3 nuclear interaction length. The observed carbon and oxygen fluxes show a spectral index change of ∼0.15 around 200 GeV/n established with a significance >3σ. They have the same energy dependence with a constant C/O flux ratio 0.911±0.006 above 25 GeV/n. The spectral hardening is consistent with that measured by AMS-02, but the absolute normalization of the flux is about 27% lower, though in agreement with observations from previous experiments including the PAMELA spectrometer and the calorimetric balloon-borne experiment CREAM.
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Hokari S, Tanifuji O, Kobayashi K, Mochizuki T, Katsumi R, Sato T, Endo N. The inclination of the femoral medial posterior condyle was almost vertical and that of the lateral was tilted medially. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020; 28:3858-3864. [PMID: 32016580 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-020-05856-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to three-dimensionally analyse the size and shape of the femoral posterior condyles of the normal knee. METHODS A total of 62 healthy Japanese volunteers (37 males and 25 females) providing a sample of 124 normal knee joints, who had no knee-related symptoms and no history of major trauma, underwent computed tomography scans of the bilateral femur and tibia. Three-dimensional digital models of the femur were constructed from computed tomography data using visualisation and modelling software. The following parameters were evaluated: (1) the radii of the posterior condyles approximated to spheres and (2) the inclination angle of the posterior condyles in the coronal plane of the femoral coordinate system. RESULTS The radii of the medial and lateral condyles approximated to spheres were 17.0 ± 1.6 and 17.1 ± 1.8 mm, respectively and were not different. The inclination angles of the medial and lateral condyles in the coronal plane were - 0.6° ± 4.6° and 9.7° ± 5.7°, respectively. The medial condyle was almost vertical, whereas the lateral one was medially tilted. CONCLUSIONS This study found an asymmetrical inclination between medial and lateral condyles. This may be related to the asymmetrical motion of the knee, which is known as medial pivot motion. This finding provides valuable morphological information and may be useful for implant designs for total knee arthroplasty. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Kobayashi K, Wada A, Nakamura M, Kuroda A, Kido S, Harada D, Kuwahata M. Influence of postoperative infusion of amino acids and exogenous albumin on albumin synthesis in surgically stressed rats. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hirashima T, Jimbo H, Kobayashi K, Wada H. A START domain-containing protein is involved in the incorporation of ER-derived fatty acids into chloroplast glycolipids in Marchantia polymorpha. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 534:436-441. [PMID: 33246557 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The appropriate regulation of thylakoid lipid synthesis is essential for the function of chloroplasts. In plant cells, membrane lipids synthesized in the ER are utilized as a precursor for the synthesis of chloroplast glycolipids. This pathway is thought to be mediated by the transport of glycerolipids synthesized in the ER into chloroplasts. However, we have little knowledge about the proteins involved in the lipid transfer between these organelles in plant cells. Here we show a protein, STAR2, containing the START (Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein-related lipid transfer) domain known to function as a lipid transporter, is involved in the incorporation of ER-derived fatty acids into chloroplast glycolipids in Marchantia polymorpha. We found that STAR2 localizes on the chloroplast envelope membrane as a punctuate structure and is required for the increase of C20 fatty acids, which are synthesized in the ER, in chloroplast glycolipids in response to phosphate deprivation. Our results indicate that STAR2 of M. polymorpha is likely to be involved in the lipid transfer from ER to chloroplast, presumably as a lipid transporter.
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Yoshino T, Siena S, Di Bartolomeo M, Raghav K, Masuishi T, Loupakis F, Kawakami H, Yamaguchi K, Nishina T, Fakih M, Elez E, Rodriguez J, Ciardiello F, Saxena K, Yamamoto E, Kobayashi K, Bako E, Okuda Y, Grothey A. 84MO A phase II, multicenter, open-label study of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd; DS-8201) in patients with HER2-expressing metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): DESTINY-CRC01. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Kim SW, Planchard D, Feng PH, Karaseva N, Kim T, Lee C, Poltoratskiy A, Yanagitani N, Powar S, Huang X, Howarth P, Jänne P, Kobayashi K. 366MO Osimertinib plus platinum/pemetrexed in newly diagnosed EGFR mutation (EGFRm)-positive advanced NSCLC: Safety run-in results from the FLAURA2 study. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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97
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Maeda K, Mochizuki T, Kobayashi K, Tanifuji O, Someya K, Hokari S, Katsumi R, Morise Y, Koga H, Sakamoto M, Koga Y, Kawashima H. Cortical thickness of the tibial diaphysis reveals age- and sex-related characteristics between non-obese healthy young and elderly subjects depending on the tibial regions. J Exp Orthop 2020; 7:78. [PMID: 33025285 PMCID: PMC7538524 DOI: 10.1186/s40634-020-00297-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the age- and sex-related characteristics in cortical thickness of the tibial diaphysis between non-obese healthy young and elderly subjects as reference data. METHODS The study investigated 31 young subjects (12 men and 19 women; mean age, 25 ± 8 years) and 54 elderly subjects (29 men and 25 women; mean age, 70 ± 6 years). Three-dimensional estimated cortical thickness of the tibial diaphysis was automatically calculated for 5000-9000 measurement points using the high-resolution cortical thickness measurement from clinical computed tomography data. In 12 assessment regions created by combining three heights (proximal, central, and distal diaphysis) and four areas of the axial plane at 90° (medial, anterior, lateral, and posterior areas) in the tibial coordinate system, the standardized thickness was assessed using the tibial length. RESULTS As structural characteristics, there were no differences in the medial and lateral thicknesses, while the anterior thickness was greater than the posterior thickness in all groups. The sex-related difference was not shown. As an age-related difference, elderly subjects showed greater or lesser cortical thickness than the young subjects, depending on the regions of the tibia. CONCLUSIONS Cortical thickness was different depending on sex, age, and regions in the tibia. The results of this study are of clinical relevance as reference points to clarify the causes of various pathological conditions for diseases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3.
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Mochizuki T, Koga Y, Mori T, Nishino K, Kobayashi K, Tanifuji O, Sato T, Katsumi R, Koga H, Omori G, Tanabe Y. Articular surface of the medial proximal tibia is aligned parallel to the ground in three-dimensional space under weight-bearing conditions in healthy and varus osteoarthritic knees. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020; 28:3232-3239. [PMID: 31853619 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-019-05829-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To test the hypothesis that an inclined articular surface on the medial proximal tibia is aligned more parallel to the ground in three-dimensional (3D) space under weight-bearing (WB) conditions (parallel phenomenon) than under non-WB (NWB) conditions in healthy and varus osteoarthritic knees. METHODS We examined 55 healthy knees (26 women, 29 men; mean age, 70 ± 6 years) and 108 varus osteoarthritic knees (66 women, 16 men; mean age, 74 ± 7 years). For the evaluation under WB conditions, a 3D assessment system was used on biplanar long-leg radiographs and 3D bone models using a 3D-to-2D image registration technique. In addition, the least square method was used to determine the approximation plane. The angles between the normal vector for the approximation plane of an articular surface on the medial proximal tibia and each axis of the tibial or world coordinate system were calculated. RESULTS Morphologically, the inclination of the approximation plane was steeper in osteoarthritic knees than in healthy knees (p < 0.0001). The approximation plane was aligned more parallel to the ground under WB conditions than under NWB conditions in healthy (p < 0.0001) and osteoarthritic knees (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The parallel phenomenon in the medial proximal tibia was confirmed for healthy and varus osteoarthritic knees. The medial proximal tibia plays an important role in the parallel phenomenon, assumingly associated with varus alignment and varus thrust. The inclination of the medial proximal tibia may become a new parameter for imaging investigations. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Michimasa S, Kobayashi M, Kiyokawa Y, Ota S, Yokoyama R, Nishimura D, Ahn DS, Baba H, Berg GPA, Dozono M, Fukuda N, Furuno T, Ideguchi E, Inabe N, Kawabata T, Kawase S, Kisamori K, Kobayashi K, Kubo T, Kubota Y, Lee CS, Matsushita M, Miya H, Mizukami A, Nagakura H, Oikawa H, Sakai H, Shimizu Y, Stolz A, Suzuki H, Takaki M, Takeda H, Takeuchi S, Tokieda H, Uesaka T, Yako K, Yamaguchi Y, Yanagisawa Y, Yoshida K, Shimoura S. Mapping of a New Deformation Region around ^{62}Ti. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:122501. [PMID: 33016755 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.122501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We performed the first direct mass measurements of neutron-rich scandium, titanium, and vanadium isotopes around the neutron number 40 at the RIKEN RI Beam Factory using the time-of-flight magnetic-rigidity technique. The atomic mass excesses of ^{58-60}Sc, ^{60-62}Ti, and ^{62-64}V were measured for the first time. The experimental results show that the two-neutron separation energies in the vicinity of ^{62}Ti increase compared to neighboring nuclei. This shows that the masses of Ti isotopes near N=40 are affected by the Jahn-Teller effect. Therefore, a development of Jahn-Teller stabilization appears below the Cr isotopes, and the systematics in Sc, Ti, and V isotopes suggest that ^{62}Ti is located close to the peak of the Jahn-Teller effect.
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Tamura K, Takahashi S, Mukohara T, Tanioka M, Yasojima H, Ono M, Naito Y, Shimoi T, Otani Y, Kobayashi K, Kogawa T, Suzuki T, Takase T, Matsunaga R, Masuda N. 346P Phase I study of the liposomal formulation of eribulin (E7389-LF): Results from the HER2-negative breast cancer expansion. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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