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Liu HZ, Wang QY, Zhang Y, Qi DT, Li MW, Guo WQ, Ma YH, Wang LY, Chen Y, Gao CY. Pioglitazone up-regulates long non-coding RNA MEG3 to protect endothelial progenitor cells via increasing HDAC7 expression in metabolic syndrome. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 78:101-109. [PMID: 26898430 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed 3 (MEG3) is expressed in endothelial cells and involved in angiogenesis and vascular function. It was proposed that MEG3 participates in the process of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) functions in metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this study, the circulating EPCs number and function were decreased in MetS subjects. The MEG3 expression was expressed at a lower level and microRNA-140-5p (miR-140-5p) was expressed at a higher level in circulating EPCs of subjects with MetS. Pioglitazone reversed the alterations of EPCs function and the expression levels of MEG3 and miR-140-5p in EPCs. In bone marrow-derived EPCs exposed to palmitate, down-regulation of miR-140-5p canceled the increase of MEG3 expression level induced by Pioglitazone. Overexpression of MEG3 resulted in the down-regulation of miR-140-5p. The luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay showed that MEG3 targeted miR-140-5p. In addition, the HDAC7 expression levels were regulated by miR-140-5p and MEG3. These findings demonstrated that Pioglitazone up-regulated MEG3 expression to protect EPCs via decreasing miR-140-5p expression and increasing HDAC7 expression in MetS, which may be a novel therapeutic target for preventing and treating MetS.
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Lan WJ, Wang KT, Xu MY, Zhang JJ, Lam CK, Zhong GH, Xu J, Yang DP, Li HJ, Wang LY. Secondary metabolites with chemical diversity from the marine-derived fungus Pseudallescheria boydii F19-1 and their cytotoxic activity. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra06661e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty-five compounds with chemical diversity including five new compounds were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Pseudallescheria boydii F19-1. Five compounds displayed significant cytotoxicity against Sf9 cells.
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Wang ZT, Wang LY, Wang L, Cheng S, Fan R, Zhou J, Zhong J. Association between RAGE gene polymorphisms and ulcerative colitis susceptibility: a case-control study in a Chinese Han population. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:19242-8. [PMID: 26782577 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.29.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an immune-related disease with genetic predisposition. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of three polymorphisms in the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) gene with UC risk in a Chinese population. This case-control study involved 72 UC patients and 479 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction method. Data were analyzed using the Haplo.stats program. There were no significant differences between patients and controls in the allele/genotype distributions of rs1800624 (P(allele)= 0.11; Pgenotype = 0.20), rs1800625 (P(allele) = 0.16; Pgenotype = 0.11), or rs2070600 (P(allele) = 0.37; Pgenotype = 0.65). In addition, no positive haplotypes were identified. To the best of our knowledge, the current study describes polymorphisms of RAGE in Chinese UC for the first time. We found no association between RAGE polymorphisms and the development of UC in the Chinese population.
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Wang LY, Jiang J, Ma HM. Molecular characterization, tissue expression profile, and SNP analysis of porcine SLC13A5. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:16090-101. [PMID: 26662401 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.7.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Solute carrier family 13 (sodium-dependent citrate transporter member 5, SLC13A5) gene has been recently found to play an important role in intramuscular fat content in pigs. In this study, the full-length cDNA of porcine SLC13A5 was obtained from the longissimus dorsi muscle of Shaziling pigs, using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends technique. Full-length porcine SLC13A5 cDNA was 2118 bp, with a 1665-bp open reading frame encoding 554 amino acids. The porcine SLC13A5 protein was analyzed using bioinformatic methodology, and found to include 18 potential phosphorylation sites (including six serine, nine threonine, and three tyrosine) and eight putative transmembrane domains. One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) site, A251G, was identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism and the associations of this SNP with age at 100 kg and corrected back fat thickness were found to be not significant. Expression of SLC13A5 was evaluated in ten tissues from 25-day-old full-sib Yorkshire and Shaziling piglets (both N = 3), using quantitative PCR analysis. Expression levels of SLC13A5 differed significantly between the breeds in cecum, liver and crureus muscle. In each breed, gene expression levels were significantly different in longissimus dorsi muscle, compared to the nine other tissues. This study has laid the foundation for further investigations of the molecular mechanisms of SLC13A5 in pigs.
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Nixon IJ, Wang LY, Ganly I, Patel SG, Morris LG, Migliacci JC, Tuttle RM, Shah JP, Shaha AR. Outcomes for patients with papillary thyroid cancer who do not undergo prophylactic central neck dissection. Br J Surg 2015; 103:218-25. [PMID: 26511531 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of prophylactic central neck dissection (CND) in the management of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is controversial. This report describes outcomes of an observational approach in patients without clinical evidence of nodal disease in PTC. METHODS All patients who had surgery between 1986 and 2010 without CND for PTC were identified. All patients had careful clinical assessment of the central neck during preoperative and perioperative evaluation, with any suspicious nodal tissue excised for analysis. The cohort included patients in whom lymph nodes had been removed, but no patient had undergone a formal neck dissection. Recurrence-free survival (RFS), central neck RFS and disease-specific survival (DSS) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS Of 1798 patients, 397 (22.1 per cent) were men, 1088 (60.5 per cent) were aged 45 years or more, and 539 (30.0 per cent) had pT3 or pT4 disease. Some 742 patients (41.3 per cent) received adjuvant treatment with radioactive iodine. At a median follow-up of 46 months the 5-year DSS rate was 100 per cent. Five-year RFS and central neck RFS rates were 96.6 and 99.1 per cent respectively. CONCLUSION Observation of the central neck is safe and should be recommended for all patients with PTC considered before and during surgery to be free of central neck metastasis.
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Liu W, Li HJ, Xu MY, Ju YC, Wang LY, Xu J, Yang DP, Lan WJ. Pseudellones A-C, Three Alkaloids from the Marine-Derived Fungus Pseudallescheria ellipsoidea F42-3. Org Lett 2015; 17:5156-9. [PMID: 26452138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pseudellones A and B (1 and 2), a pair of irregularly bridged epimonothiodiketopiperazine diastereomers constructed from unusual 3-indolylglycine and alanine residues, and an alkaloid pseudellone C (3) possessing a unique skeleton were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Pseudallescheria ellipsoidea F42-3. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic data, ECD calculation, and X-ray single crystal diffraction. The biogenetic pathways of 1-3 were proposed, and 1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (4), a plausible biosynthetic intermediate, was coisolated.
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Xiao L, Hu SQ, Wang LY, Liu JX, Li XY. Losartan improves the distribution and efficacy of doxorubicin in CT26 tumor. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2015; 19:3763-3769. [PMID: 26502868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents is impaired by limited delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to the tumor cells. Improving drug penetration in tumor tissues is very important. We tested whether losartan, a selective antagonist against type 1 angiotensin II receptors (AT1R) with noted antifibrotic activity, can enhance the penetration and efficacy of doxorubicin. MATERIALS AND METHODS BALB/C mice, which implanted with CT26 tumor cells, were divided into four groups: control, doxorubicin alone, losartan alone and doxorubicin + losartan combination groups. At day 0, the losartan alone and doxorubicin + losartan combination groups received losartan; and at day 8, the doxorubicin alone and doxorubicin + losartan combination groups received doxorubicin i.v. Tumor growth and intratumoral distribution of doxorubicin were evaluated. The mechanism underlying the enhanced anti-tumor effect of the combination of doxorubicin and losartan was investigated by immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS Treatment with losartan alone did not suppress tumor growth; In contrast, treatment with doxorubicin alone decreased tumor growth; losartan and doxorubicin were administered in combination, had a synergistic effect that the tumor growth was much more inhibited. The decreased proliferation as indicated by down-regulation of Ki67, and increased apoptosis as indicated by TUNEL and caspase-3 staining. The expression of tumor suppressor gene P53 increased in doxorubicin + losartan combination groups. CONCLUSIONS Losartan can increase the therapeutic effectiveness of doxorubicin, yielding more great antitumor benefit. This study provided a rationale for initiating clinical trials using losartan in combination with chemotherapeutic agents to increase their therapeutic effectiveness.
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Jokinen CC, Koot J, Cole L, Desruisseau A, Edge TA, Khan IUH, Koning W, Lapen DR, Pintar KDM, Reid-Smith R, Thomas JL, Topp E, Wang LY, Wilkes G, Ziebell K, van Bochove E, Gannon VPJ. The distribution of Salmonella enterica serovars and subtypes in surface water from five agricultural regions across Canada. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 76:120-131. [PMID: 25799976 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Serovar prevalence of the zoonotic pathogen, Salmonella enterica, was compared among 1624 surface water samples collected previously from five different Canadian agricultural watersheds over multiple years. Phagetyping, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and antimicrobial resistance subtyping assays were performed on serovars Enteritidis, Typhimurium, and Heidelberg. Serovars and subtypes from surface water were compared with those from animal feces, human sewage, and serovars reported to cause salmonellosis in Canadians. Sixty-five different serovars were identified in surface water; only 32% of these were isolated from multiple watersheds. Eleven of the 13 serovars most commonly reported to cause salmonellosis in Canadians were identified in surface water; isolates of these serovars constituted >40% of the total isolates. Common phagetypes and PFGE subtypes of serovars associated with illness in humans such as S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium were also isolated from surface water and animal feces. Antimicrobial resistance was generally low, but was highest among S. Typhimurium. Monitoring of these rivers helps to identify vulnerable areas of a watershed and, despite a relatively low prevalence of S. enterica overall, serovars observed in surface water are an indication of the levels of specific S. enterica serovars present in humans and animals.
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Liang WL, Le X, Li HJ, Yang XL, Chen JX, Xu J, Liu HL, Wang LY, Wang KT, Hu KC, Yang DP, Lan WJ. Exploring the chemodiversity and biological activities of the secondary metabolites from the marine fungus Neosartorya pseudofischeri. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:5657-76. [PMID: 25421322 PMCID: PMC4245550 DOI: 10.3390/md12115657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of fungal metabolites can be remarkably influenced by various cultivation parameters. To explore the biosynthetic potentials of the marine fungus, Neosartorya pseudofischeri, which was isolated from the inner tissue of starfish Acanthaster planci, glycerol-peptone-yeast extract (GlyPY) and glucose-peptone-yeast extract (GluPY) media were used to culture this fungus. When cultured in GlyPY medium, this fungus produced two novel diketopiperazines, neosartins A and B (1 and 2), together with six biogenetically-related known diketopiperazines,1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-dioxopyrazino[1,2-a]indole (3), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-methyl-3-methylene-1,4-dioxopyrazino[1,2-a]indole (4), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-methyl-1,3,4-trioxopyrazino[1,2-a] indole (5), 6-acetylbis(methylthio)gliotoxin (10), bisdethiobis(methylthio)gliotoxin (11), didehydrobisdethiobis(methylthio)gliotoxin (12) and N-methyl-1H-indole-2-carboxamide (6). However, a novel tetracyclic-fused alkaloid, neosartin C (14), a meroterpenoid, pyripyropene A (15), gliotoxin (7) and five known gliotoxin analogues, acetylgliotoxin (8), reduced gliotoxin (9), 6-acetylbis(methylthio)gliotoxin (10), bisdethiobis(methylthio) gliotoxin (11) and bis-N-norgliovictin (13), were obtained when grown in glucose-containing medium (GluPY medium). This is the first report of compounds 3, 4, 6, 9, 10 and 12 as naturally occurring. Their structures were determined mainly by MS, 1D and 2D NMR data. The possible biosynthetic pathways of gliotoxin-related analogues and neosartin C were proposed. The antibacterial activity of compounds 2–14 and the cytotoxic activity of compounds 4, 5 and 7–13 were evaluated. Their structure-activity relationships are also preliminarily discussed.
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An FP, Balantekin AB, Band HR, Beriguete W, Bishai M, Blyth S, Butorov I, Cao GF, Cao J, Chan YL, Chang JF, Chang LC, Chang Y, Chasman C, Chen H, Chen QY, Chen SM, Chen X, Chen X, Chen YX, Chen Y, Cheng YP, Cherwinka JJ, Chu MC, Cummings JP, de Arcos J, Deng ZY, Ding YY, Diwan MV, Draeger E, Du XF, Dwyer DA, Edwards WR, Ely SR, Fu JY, Ge LQ, Gill R, Gonchar M, Gong GH, Gong H, Grassi M, Gu WQ, Guan MY, Guo XH, Hackenburg RW, Han GH, Hans S, He M, Heeger KM, Heng YK, Hinrichs P, Hor YK, Hsiung YB, Hu BZ, Hu LM, Hu LJ, Hu T, Hu W, Huang EC, Huang H, Huang XT, Huber P, Hussain G, Isvan Z, Jaffe DE, Jaffke P, Jen KL, Jetter S, Ji XP, Ji XL, Jiang HJ, Jiao JB, Johnson RA, Kang L, Kettell SH, Kramer M, Kwan KK, Kwok MW, Kwok T, Lai WC, Lau K, Lebanowski L, Lee J, Lei RT, Leitner R, Leung A, Leung JKC, Lewis CA, Li DJ, Li F, Li GS, Li QJ, Li WD, Li XN, Li XQ, Li YF, Li ZB, Liang H, Lin CJ, Lin GL, Lin PY, Lin SK, Lin YC, Ling JJ, Link JM, Littenberg L, Littlejohn BR, Liu DW, Liu H, Liu JL, Liu JC, Liu SS, Liu YB, Lu C, Lu HQ, Luk KB, Ma QM, Ma XY, Ma XB, Ma YQ, McDonald KT, McFarlane MC, McKeown RD, Meng Y, Mitchell I, Monari Kebwaro J, Nakajima Y, Napolitano J, Naumov D, Naumova E, Nemchenok I, Ngai HY, Ning Z, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Olshevski A, Patton S, Pec V, Peng JC, Piilonen LE, Pinsky L, Pun CSJ, Qi FZ, Qi M, Qian X, Raper N, Ren B, Ren J, Rosero R, Roskovec B, Ruan XC, Shao BB, Steiner H, Sun GX, Sun JL, Tam YH, Tang X, Themann H, Tsang KV, Tsang RHM, Tull CE, Tung YC, Viren B, Vorobel V, Wang CH, Wang LS, Wang LY, Wang M, Wang NY, Wang RG, Wang W, Wang WW, Wang X, Wang YF, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang ZM, Webber DM, Wei HY, Wei YD, Wen LJ, Whisnant K, White CG, Whitehead L, Wise T, Wong HLH, Wong SCF, Worcester E, Wu Q, Xia DM, Xia JK, Xia X, Xing ZZ, Xu JY, Xu JL, Xu J, Xu Y, Xue T, Yan J, Yang CC, Yang L, Yang MS, Yang MT, Ye M, Yeh M, Yeh YS, Young BL, Yu GY, Yu JY, Yu ZY, Zang SL, Zeng B, Zhan L, Zhang C, Zhang FH, Zhang JW, Zhang QM, Zhang Q, Zhang SH, Zhang YC, Zhang YM, Zhang YH, Zhang YX, Zhang ZJ, Zhang ZY, Zhang ZP, Zhao J, Zhao QW, Zhao Y, Zhao YB, Zheng L, Zhong WL, Zhou L, Zhou ZY, Zhuang HL, Zou JH. Search for a light sterile neutrino at Daya Bay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:141802. [PMID: 25325631 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.141802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A search for light sterile neutrino mixing was performed with the first 217 days of data from the Daya Bay Reactor Antineutrino Experiment. The experiment's unique configuration of multiple baselines from six 2.9 GW(th) nuclear reactors to six antineutrino detectors deployed in two near (effective baselines 512 m and 561 m) and one far (1579 m) underground experimental halls makes it possible to test for oscillations to a fourth (sterile) neutrino in the 10(-3) eV(2)<|Δm(41)(2) |< 0.3 eV(2) range. The relative spectral distortion due to the disappearance of electron antineutrinos was found to be consistent with that of the three-flavor oscillation model. The derived limits on sin(2) 2θ(14) cover the 10(-3) eV(2) ≲ |Δm(41)(2)| ≲ 0.1 eV(2) region, which was largely unexplored.
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Lan WJ, Liu W, Liang WL, Xu Z, Le X, Xu J, Lam CK, Yang DP, Li HJ, Wang LY. Pseudaboydins A and B: novel isobenzofuranone derivatives from marine fungus Pseudallescheria boydii associated with starfish Acanthaster planci. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:4188-99. [PMID: 25026266 PMCID: PMC4113822 DOI: 10.3390/md12074188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two novel isobenzofuranone derivatives, pseudaboydins A (1) and B (2), along with five known compounds, including (R)-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxybenzofuran (3), (R)-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-5-methoxybenzofuran (4), 3,3'-dihydroxy-5,5'-dimethyldiphenyl ether (5), 3-(3-methoxy-5-methylphenoxy)-5-methylphenol (6) and (-)-regiolone (7), were isolated from the culture broth of the marine fungus, Pseudallescheria boydii, associated with the starfish, Acanthaster planci. Their structures were elucidated primarily based on NMR and MS data. The absolute configurations of 1-4 were determined by CD spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of 1-4 were evaluated. Pseudaboydin A (1) showed moderate cytotoxic activity against human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line HONE1, human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line SUNE1 and human glandular lung cancer cell line GLC82 with IC50 values of 37.1, 46.5 and 87.2 μM, respectively.
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Zhang S, Huang WB, Wu L, Wang LY, Ye LB, Feng BH. A Novel Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Derivative, N25, Exhibiting Improved Antitumor Activity in both Human U251 and H460 Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:4331-8. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.10.4331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Zhang CC, Wang LY, Wei K, Cheng H. Development and characterization of single nucleotide polymorphism markers in Camellia sinensis (Theaceae). GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2014; 13:5822-31. [PMID: 24782211 DOI: 10.4238/2014.april.14.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Tea is the second most popular non-alcoholic beverage in the world. In recent years, several molecular markers have been used in genetic studies of the tea plant. Yet, only a few single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reported. Here, we identified 818 putative SNPs from expressed sequence tag (EST) databases for the tea plant, which produced a frequency of 1 SNP/170 bp. A direct sequencing method was then used to verify 253 putative SNPs in genome DNA of 17 tea varieties. Fifty (20%) candidate and 299 new SNPs were identified. The haplotype polymorphism and nucleotide diversity of these markers ranged from 0 to 0.960 and 0 to 1.797%, respectively. Using these SNPs, the 17 varieties were classified into 2 groups by cluster analysis. The results indicate that Camellia sinensis-derived ESTs provide a valuable resource for SNP discovery. Furthermore, the abundance of SNPs in tea varieties is anticipated to generate the development of associated genetic studies, in addition to enhancing tea plant-breeding programs.
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An FP, Balantekin AB, Band HR, Beriguete W, Bishai M, Blyth S, Brown RL, Butorov I, Cao GF, Cao J, Carr R, Chan YL, Chang JF, Chang Y, Chasman C, Chen HS, Chen HY, Chen SJ, Chen SM, Chen XC, Chen XH, Chen Y, Chen YX, Cheng YP, Cherwinka JJ, Chu MC, Cummings JP, de Arcos J, Deng ZY, Ding YY, Diwan MV, Draeger E, Du XF, Dwyer DA, Edwards WR, Ely SR, Fu JY, Ge LQ, Gill R, Gonchar M, Gong GH, Gong H, Gornushkin YA, Gu WQ, Guan MY, Guo XH, Hackenburg RW, Hahn RL, Han GH, Hans S, He M, Heeger KM, Heng YK, Hinrichs P, Hor Y, Hsiung YB, Hu BZ, Hu LJ, Hu LM, Hu T, Hu W, Huang EC, Huang HX, Huang HZ, Huang XT, Huber P, Hussain G, Isvan Z, Jaffe DE, Jaffke P, Jetter S, Ji XL, Ji XP, Jiang HJ, Jiao JB, Johnson RA, Kang L, Kettell SH, Kramer M, Kwan KK, Kwok MW, Kwok T, Lai WC, Lai WH, Lau K, Lebanowski L, Lee J, Lei RT, Leitner R, Leung A, Leung JKC, Lewis CA, Li DJ, Li F, Li GS, Li QJ, Li WD, Li XN, Li XQ, Li YF, Li ZB, Liang H, Lin CJ, Lin GL, Lin SK, Lin YC, Ling JJ, Link JM, Littenberg L, Littlejohn BR, Liu DW, Liu H, Liu JC, Liu JL, Liu SS, Liu YB, Lu C, Lu HQ, Luk KB, Ma QM, Ma XB, Ma XY, Ma YQ, McDonald KT, McFarlane MC, McKeown RD, Meng Y, Mitchell I, Nakajima Y, Napolitano J, Naumov D, Naumova E, Nemchenok I, Ngai HY, Ngai WK, Ning Z, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Olshevski A, Patton S, Pec V, Peng JC, Piilonen LE, Pinsky L, Pun CSJ, Qi FZ, Qi M, Qian X, Raper N, Ren B, Ren J, Rosero R, Roskovec B, Ruan XC, Shao BB, Steiner H, Sun GX, Sun JL, Tam YH, Tanaka HK, Tang X, Themann H, Trentalange S, Tsai O, Tsang KV, Tsang RHM, Tull CE, Tung YC, Viren B, Vorobel V, Wang CH, Wang LS, Wang LY, Wang LZ, Wang M, Wang NY, Wang RG, Wang W, Wang WW, Wang X, Wang YF, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang ZM, Webber DM, Wei H, Wei YD, Wen LJ, Whisnant K, White CG, Whitehead L, Wise T, Wong HLH, Wong SCF, Worcester E, Wu Q, Xia DM, Xia JK, Xia X, Xing ZZ, Xu J, Xu JL, Xu JY, Xu Y, Xue T, Yan J, Yang CG, Yang L, Yang MS, Ye M, Yeh M, Yeh YS, Young BL, Yu GY, Yu JY, Yu ZY, Zang SL, Zhan L, Zhang C, Zhang FH, Zhang JW, Zhang QM, Zhang SH, Zhang YC, Zhang YH, Zhang YM, Zhang YX, Zhang ZJ, Zhang ZP, Zhang ZY, Zhao J, Zhao QW, Zhao YB, Zheng L, Zhong WL, Zhou L, Zhou ZY, Zhuang HL, Zou JH. Spectral measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation amplitude and frequency at Daya Bay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:061801. [PMID: 24580686 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.061801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A measurement of the energy dependence of antineutrino disappearance at the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment is reported. Electron antineutrinos (ν¯(e)) from six 2.9 GW(th) reactors were detected with six detectors deployed in two near (effective baselines 512 and 561 m) and one far (1579 m) underground experimental halls. Using 217 days of data, 41 589 (203 809 and 92 912) antineutrino candidates were detected in the far hall (near halls). An improved measurement of the oscillation amplitude sin(2)2θ(13)=0.090(-0.009)(+0.008) and the first direct measurement of the ν¯(e) mass-squared difference |Δm(ee)2|=(2.59(-0.20)(+0.19))×10(-3) eV2 is obtained using the observed ν¯(e) rates and energy spectra in a three-neutrino framework. This value of |Δm(ee)2| is consistent with |Δm(μμ)2| measured by muon neutrino disappearance, supporting the three-flavor oscillation model.
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Xie ZL, Li HJ, Wang LY, Liang WL, Liu W, Lan WJ. Trichodermaerin, a new diterpenoid lactone from the marine fungus Trichoderma erinaceum associated with the sea star Acanthaster planci. Nat Prod Commun 2013; 8:67-68. [PMID: 23472462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichodermaerin (1), a novel diterpenoid lactone, together with the known compound, harziandione (2) were isolated from the culture broth of the fungus Trichoderma erinaceum associated with the sea star Acanthaster planci. Their structures were determined by analysis of the NMR and MS data. 1 was the Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase catalyzed oxidation product of 2. Compound 2 did not show cytotoxic activities against various cancer cell lines.
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Han J, Wang LY, Cai BY. Bacterial diversity in antibiotic wastewater treatment. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2013; 68:2676-2682. [PMID: 24355857 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2013.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The bacterial diversity of an antibiotic industrial wastewater treatment system was analyzed to provide the information required for further optimization of this process and for identification of bacterial strains that perform improved degradation of antibiotic industrial wastewater. The total bacterial DNA of samples collected at three stages (aeration, precipitation, and idle) during the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) process were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) of the 16 s rDNA V3 regions. Community analysis was conducted in terms of the richness value (S), the dominance degree and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H). Rich bacterial diversity was apparent in the aeration stage of the SBR process, and the number of bands in the aeration stage was more abundant than that in the precipitation and idle stages. The DGGE analysis showed 15 bands, six of which were uncultured bacteria, and included one anaerobic and five aerobic bacteria. The microbial community in the aeration stage was the most complex of the whole SBR process, while the dominant bacteria differed in each reaction stage. These results demonstrate the cyclical dynamic changes in the bacterial population during the SBR process for the treatment of antibiotic industrial wastewater.
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MESH Headings
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/isolation & purification
- Bacteria, Aerobic/genetics
- Bacteria, Aerobic/growth & development
- Bacteria, Aerobic/isolation & purification
- Bacteria, Anaerobic/genetics
- Bacteria, Anaerobic/growth & development
- Bacteria, Anaerobic/isolation & purification
- Biodiversity
- China
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Sewage/microbiology
- Wastewater/chemistry
- Wastewater/microbiology
- Water Microbiology/standards
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/isolation & purification
- Water Purification/methods
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92
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Xie ZL, Li HJ, Wang LY, Liang WL, Liu W, Lan WJ. Trichodermaerin, a New Diterpenoid Lactone from the Marine Fungus Trichoderma erinaceum Associated with the Sea Star Acanthaster planci. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300800116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichodermaerin (1), a novel diterpenoid lactone, together with the known compound, harziandione (2) were isolated from the culture broth of the fungus Trichoderma erinaceum associated with the sea star Acanthaster planci. Their structures were determined by analysis of the NMR and MS data. 1 was the Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase catalyzed oxidation product of 2. Compound 2 did not show cytotoxic activities against various cancer cell lines.
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93
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Zhu P, Chen Y, Wang LY, Qian GY, Zhou M, Zhou J. A new technology for separation and recovery of materials from waste printed circuit boards by dissolving bromine epoxy resins using ionic liquid. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 239-240:270-278. [PMID: 22985818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Revised: 08/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Recovery of valuable materials from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) is quite difficult because WPCBs is a heterogeneous mixture of polymer materials, glass fibers, and metals. In this study, WPCBs was treated using ionic liquid (1-ethyl-3-methylimizadolium tetrafluoroborate [EMIM+][BF4-]). Experimental results showed that the separation of the solders went to completion, and electronic components (ECs) were removed in WPCBs when [EMIM+][BF4-] solution containing WPCBs was heated to 240 °C. Meanwhile, metallographic observations verified that the WPCBs had an initial delamination. When the temperature increased to 260 °C, the separation of the WPCBs went to completion, and coppers and glass fibers were obtained. The used [EMIM+][BF4-] was treated by water to generate a solid-liquid suspension, which was separated completely to obtain solid residues by filtration. Thermal analyses combined with infrared ray spectra (IR) observed that the solid residues were bromine epoxy resins. NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) showed that hydrogen bond played an important role for [EMIM+][BF4-] dissolving bromine epoxy resins. This clean and non-polluting technology offers a new way to recycle valuable materials from WPCBs and prevent environmental pollution from WPCBs effectively.
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94
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Xie JB, Bai LQ, Wang LY, Chen SF. Phylogeny of 16S rRNA and nifH genes and regulation of nitrogenase activity by oxygen and ammonium in the genus Paenibacillus. MIKROBIOLOGIIA 2012; 81:760-767. [PMID: 23610927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
All Paenibacillus 16S rDNA sequences, except for that of Paenibacillus massiliensis T7, formed a coherent cluster, distinct from Gram-positive nitrogen-fixing Clostridium pasteurianum and Heliobacterium chlorum. All Paenibacillus NifH sequences formed two main clusters. Cluster I encompassing the NifH sequences from most of members of Paenibacillus spp., such as Paenibacillus azotofixans NifH1 and NifH2, Paenibacillus polymyxa and Paenibacillus macerans. Cluster II including only P. azotofixans NifH3. Curiously, three copies of nifH genes of Paenibacillus sabine T27 clustered within P. azotofixans cluster I (NifH1 and NifH2). The effect of O2 and ammonium on nitrogenase activity was studied with 14 different nitrogen-fixing Paenibacillus strains. The optimal oxygen concentration level for all Paenibacillus strains is in the 0 to 0.05% range, similar to that for Klebsiella pneumoniae. In all Paenibacillus strains, the highest nitrogenase activity is obtained in the condition of 0-0.1 mM NH4Cl and the increase of NH4CI from 0.1 to 5 mM caused a rapid inhibition of nitrogenase activity. However, the inhibition was reversible in the presence of 200 mM NH4Cl in some Paenibacillus strains. It is the first time to use almost all of the recognized nitrogen-fixing Paenibacilus spp. to investigate the phylogeny of 16S rRNA and nifH genes. The data that the inhibition of O2 and ammonium on nitrogenase acitivity will provide a base for studying the molecular regulatory mechanism of nitrogen fixation in the genus Paenibacillus.
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95
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Zhu P, Chen Y, Wang LY, Zhou M. Treatment of waste printed circuit board by green solvent using ionic liquid. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2012; 32:1914-1918. [PMID: 22683227 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Revised: 03/31/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Recycling of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) is an important subject not only for the protection of environment but also for the recovery of valuable materials. A feasibility study was conducted to dissolve bromine epoxy resins of WPCBs using ionic liquid (IL) of 1-ethyl-3-methylimizadolium tetrafluoroborate [EMIM(+)][BF(4)(-)] (nonaqueous green solvent) for recovering copper foils and glass fibers. Experimental results indicated that the initial delamination had seen from the cross-section of the WPCBs by mean of metallographic microscope and digital camera when WPCBs were heated in [EMIM(+)][BF(4)(-)] at 240°C for a duration of 30 min. When temperature was increased to 260°C for a duration of 10 min, the bromine epoxy resins of WPCBs were throughout dissolved into [EMIM(+)][BF(4)(-)] and the separations of copper foils and glass fibers from WPCBs were completed. This clean and non-polluting technology offers a new way to recycle valuable materials from WPCBs and prevent the environmental pollution of WPCBs effectively.
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96
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Wang LY, Li YG, Chen K, Li K, Qu JL, Qin DD, Tang H. Stable expression and integrated hepatitis B virus genome in a human hepatoma cell line. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:1442-8. [PMID: 22653591 DOI: 10.4238/2012.may.18.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
HepG2.2.15 cell is a widely used cell model for studying HBV (hepatitis B virus) in vitro. In these cells, the HBV genome is integrated in several sites of HepG2 cellular DNA. These multiple copies may have some influence on the cellular processes. We constructed a new plasmid, pSEH-Flag-HBV, and transfected it into HepG2 cells, and then screened it with hygromycin. We then used ELISA, PCR, and RT-PCR to detect the expression of HBV in these cell lines. A cell line that stably expressed hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was established. Using Southern blotting analysis, we found that the HBV genome was integrated as a single copy in the cellular DNA. This cell line will be a useful alternative model for HBV studies.
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97
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An FP, Bai JZ, Balantekin AB, Band HR, Beavis D, Beriguete W, Bishai M, Blyth S, Boddy K, Brown RL, Cai B, Cao GF, Cao J, Carr R, Chan WT, Chang JF, Chang Y, Chasman C, Chen HS, Chen HY, Chen SJ, Chen SM, Chen XC, Chen XH, Chen XS, Chen Y, Chen YX, Cherwinka JJ, Chu MC, Cummings JP, Deng ZY, Ding YY, Diwan MV, Dong L, Draeger E, Du XF, Dwyer DA, Edwards WR, Ely SR, Fang SD, Fu JY, Fu ZW, Ge LQ, Ghazikhanian V, Gill RL, Goett J, Gonchar M, Gong GH, Gong H, Gornushkin YA, Greenler LS, Gu WQ, Guan MY, Guo XH, Hackenburg RW, Hahn RL, Hans S, He M, He Q, He WS, Heeger KM, Heng YK, Hinrichs P, Ho TH, Hor YK, Hsiung YB, Hu BZ, Hu T, Hu T, Huang HX, Huang HZ, Huang PW, Huang X, Huang XT, Huber P, Isvan Z, Jaffe DE, Jetter S, Ji XL, Ji XP, Jiang HJ, Jiang WQ, Jiao JB, Johnson RA, Kang L, Kettell SH, Kramer M, Kwan KK, Kwok MW, Kwok T, Lai CY, Lai WC, Lai WH, Lau K, Lebanowski L, Lee J, Lee MKP, Leitner R, Leung JKC, Leung KY, Lewis CA, Li B, Li F, Li GS, Li J, Li QJ, Li SF, Li WD, Li XB, Li XN, Li XQ, Li Y, Li ZB, Liang H, Liang J, Lin CJ, Lin GL, Lin SK, Lin SX, Lin YC, Ling JJ, Link JM, Littenberg L, Littlejohn BR, Liu BJ, Liu C, Liu DW, Liu H, Liu JC, Liu JL, Liu S, Liu X, Liu YB, Lu C, Lu HQ, Luk A, Luk KB, Luo T, Luo XL, Ma LH, Ma QM, Ma XB, Ma XY, Ma YQ, Mayes B, McDonald KT, McFarlane MC, McKeown RD, Meng Y, Mohapatra D, Morgan JE, Nakajima Y, Napolitano J, Naumov D, Nemchenok I, Newsom C, Ngai HY, Ngai WK, Nie YB, Ning Z, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Oh D, Olshevski A, Pagac A, Patton S, Pearson C, Pec V, Peng JC, Piilonen LE, Pinsky L, Pun CSJ, Qi FZ, Qi M, Qian X, Raper N, Rosero R, Roskovec B, Ruan XC, Seilhan B, Shao BB, Shih K, Steiner H, Stoler P, Sun GX, Sun JL, Tam YH, Tanaka HK, Tang X, Themann H, Torun Y, Trentalange S, Tsai O, Tsang KV, Tsang RHM, Tull C, Viren B, Virostek S, Vorobel V, Wang CH, Wang LS, Wang LY, Wang LZ, Wang M, Wang NY, Wang RG, Wang T, Wang W, Wang X, Wang X, Wang YF, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang ZM, Webber DM, Wei YD, Wen LJ, Wenman DL, Whisnant K, White CG, Whitehead L, Whitten CA, Wilhelmi J, Wise T, Wong HC, Wong HLH, Wong J, Worcester ET, Wu FF, Wu Q, Xia DM, Xiang ST, Xiao Q, Xing ZZ, Xu G, Xu J, Xu J, Xu JL, Xu W, Xu Y, Xue T, Yang CG, Yang L, Ye M, Yeh M, Yeh YS, Yip K, Young BL, Yu ZY, Zhan L, Zhang C, Zhang FH, Zhang JW, Zhang QM, Zhang K, Zhang QX, Zhang SH, Zhang YC, Zhang YH, Zhang YX, Zhang ZJ, Zhang ZP, Zhang ZY, Zhao J, Zhao QW, Zhao YB, Zheng L, Zhong WL, Zhou L, Zhou ZY, Zhuang HL, Zou JH. Observation of electron-antineutrino disappearance at Daya Bay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:171803. [PMID: 22680853 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.171803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment has measured a nonzero value for the neutrino mixing angle θ(13) with a significance of 5.2 standard deviations. Antineutrinos from six 2.9 GWth reactors were detected in six antineutrino detectors deployed in two near (flux-weighted baseline 470 m and 576 m) and one far (1648 m) underground experimental halls. With a 43,000 ton-GWth-day live-time exposure in 55 days, 10,416 (80,376) electron-antineutrino candidates were detected at the far hall (near halls). The ratio of the observed to expected number of antineutrinos at the far hall is R=0.940±0.011(stat.)±0.004(syst.). A rate-only analysis finds sin(2)2θ(13)=0.092±0.016(stat.)±0.005(syst.) in a three-neutrino framework.
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98
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Chen YY, Zhang C, Gao XP, Wang LY. Long-term variations of water quality in a reservoir in China. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2012; 65:1454-1460. [PMID: 22466593 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2012.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
To study the spatial and temporal trends of water quality in the Yuqiao Reservoir (Ji County, Tianjin) in China, water quality data for ten physical and chemical parameters from three monitoring stations (S1, S2 and S3) was collected from 1989 to 2007 and from an other three stations (S4, S5 and S6) during the period of 1999-2007. A one-way ANOVA was employed to evaluate the spatial variation of water quality for each station. The results showed that there were statistically significant spatial differences for most water quality parameters except temperature and dissolved oxygen in the entire reservoir, and the concentrations of most parameters were higher in the uppermost part of the reservoir. The temporal trend study was conducted using the Seasonal-Kendall's test. The results revealed improving trends of water quality from 1989 to 2007, including a reduction of total phosphorous, temperature and biochemical oxygen demand and an increase of dissolved oxygen. High N:P ratios, ranging from 52.61 to 78.75, indicated that the reservoir was a phosphorous-limited environment. This study suggests long-term spatial and temporal variations of water quality in the Yuqiao Reservoir, which could be informative for water quality managers and scientists.
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99
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Shi JZ, Wang LY, Zhu Y, Zhao CY, Liu W, Jiang SL, You HW, Wang Y, Xu FY, Tang YS, Cui LQ. OX40 Ligand Levels and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels in Blood from Local Coronary Plaque and the Femoral Artery in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome or Stable Angina. J Int Med Res 2011; 39:1275-83. [PMID: 21986129 DOI: 10.1177/147323001103900415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OX40 ligand (OX40L) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) play important roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In this study, consecutive patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS; n = 90) or stable angina (SA; n = 40) and healthy control subjects ( n = 50) were evaluated to assess plasma OX40L and serum hs-CRP levels in local coronary plaque and the femoral artery. OX40L and hs-CRP levels in the femoral artery were significantly higher in patients with ACS compared with controls. OX40L and hs-CRP levels in local coronary plaque (OX40Lc and hs-CRPc, respectively) were significantly higher in ACS than in SA patients. OX40L and hs-CRP levels were positively correlated with each other and were also correlated with fibrinogen levels. The number of complex lesions was correlated with OX40Lc and hs-CRPc levels. It is concluded that the OX40Lc level was highly sensitive for evaluating the inflammatory response in ACS and elevated levels of OX40Lc may be a valuable predictive marker for increased risk of atherosclerotic progression in ACS patients.
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100
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Wang C, Wang LY, Sun Q. Response of phytochelatins and their relationship with cadmium toxicity in a floating macrophyte Pistia stratiotes L. at environmentally relevant concentrations. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2010; 82:147-154. [PMID: 20183981 DOI: 10.2175/106143009x442970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An indoor experiment was undertaken to investigate the response of phytochelatins and their relationship to cadmium toxicity in Pistia stratiotes L., a free-floating macrophyte, exposed to low concentrations of cadmium typically found in realistic environments. Cadmium concentrations of 0.01 to 0.08 microM had no toxic effects on the growth of this plant, as indicated by no significant changes in the fresh weights of leaves and roots and the slight induction of phytochelatins in plant tissues, whereas cadmium concentrations of 0.16 to 1 microM were toxic, and cadmium toxicity increased with the increase of cadmium concentrations in solutions, accompanied by the dramatic production of phytochelatins in plant tissues, especially in roots. There was a positive correction between root phytochelatin levels and cadmium toxicity, as measured by the growth inhibition rate of the root fresh weight. The results suggested that phytochelatins in aquatic macrophytes can serve as sensitive biomarkers for heavy metal toxicity in a moderately polluted water environment.
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