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Spiering BA, Kraemer WJ, Anderson JM, Armstrong LE, Nindl BC, Volek JS, Judelson DA, Joseph M, Vingren JL, Hatfield DL, Fragala MS, Ho JY, Maresh CM. Importance of Elevated Circulating Hormones in Modulating Resistance Exercise-Induced Protein Kinase B Signaling in Fasted Men. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000323490.73703.0d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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152
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Hatfield DL, Kraemer WJ, Vingren JL, Fragala MS, Ho JY, Thomas GA, Volek JS, Maresh CM, Spiering BA, Schuenke M, Kopchick JJ, Staron RS. The Effect of Growth Hormone Receptor Deficiency on Skeletal Muscle Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Protein Expression. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000322995.34725.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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153
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Gotshalk LA, Kraemer WJ, Mendonca MAG, Vingren JL, Kenny AM, Spiering BA, Hatfield DL, Fragala MS, Volek JS. Creatine supplementation improves muscular performance in older women. Eur J Appl Physiol 2007; 102:223-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-007-0580-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2007] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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154
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Kraemer WJ, Hatfield DL, Spiering BA, Vingren JL, Fragala MS, Ho JY, Volek JS, Anderson JM, Maresh CM. Effects of a multi-nutrient supplement on exercise performance and hormonal responses to resistance exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2007; 101:637-46. [PMID: 17701421 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-007-0535-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of a comprehensive multi-component nutritional supplement on performance, hormonal, and metabolic responses to an acute bout of resistance exercise. Nine healthy subjects ingested either Muscle Fuel (MF) or a matched placebo (PL) for 7 days. Subjects then reported to the laboratory, ingested the corresponding supplement, and performed two consecutive days of heavy resistance exercise testing with associated blood draws. MF supplementation improved vertical jump (VJ) power output and the number of repetitions performed at 80% of one repetition maximum (1RM). Additionally, MF supplementation potentiated growth hormone (GH), testosterone, and insulin-like growth factor-1 responses to exercise. Concentrations of circulating myoglobin and creatine kinase (CK) were attenuated immediately following resistance exercise during the MF trial, indicating that MF partially mediated some form of exercise-induced muscle tissue damage. In summary MF enhanced performance and hormonal responses associated with an acute bout of resistance exercise. These responses indicate that MF supplementation augments the quality of an acute bout of resistance exercise thereby increasing the endocrine signaling and recovery following heavy resistance exercise.
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Kraemer WJ, Vingren JL, Silvestre R, Spiering BA, Hatfield DL, Ho JY, Fragala MS, Maresh CM, Volek JS. Effect of adding exercise to a diet containing glucomannan. Metabolism 2007; 56:1149-58. [PMID: 17618964 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2007.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2006] [Accepted: 04/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of adding a total-body exercise program to an 8-week diet supplemented with glucomannan on weight loss, body composition, blood parameters, and physical performance in overweight men and women. Sedentary men and women who were overweight (body mass index>25 kg m(-2)) (men: 18-57 years, 27.0+/-11.2 years, 177.5+/-7.6 cm, 102.4+/-14.9 kg; women: 18-52 years, 33.4+/-12.1 years, 160.6+/-4.6 cm, 79.9+/-9.3 kg) completed an 8-week diet with 3000 mg glucomannan combined with either no exercise (No-Ex) (10 men, 10 women) or a resistance and endurance exercise training program (Ex) (12 men, 10 women). The diet emphasized healthy food choices and portion size control. The exercise training consisted of 3 weekly sessions of approximately 1 hour of a nonlinear periodized total-body resistance exercise program followed by 30 minutes of endurance exercise. After the intervention, there were reductions (P<.05) in body mass (men, -2.7+/-1.4 and -3.0+/-4.0 kg; women, -2.2+/-1.5 and -3.3+/-1.5 kg; No-Ex and Ex, respectively), fat mass (men, -2.3+/-1.6 and -3.9+/-2.5 kg; women, -2.6+/-1.4 and -3.6+/-1.1 kg; No-Ex and Ex, respectively), total cholesterol (TC) (men, -17.9+/-21.5 and -18.8+/-19.4 mg dL(-1); women, -9.3+/-20.0 and -10.1+/-19.5 mg dL(-1); No-Ex and Ex, respectively), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Exercise significantly improved high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (No-Ex, -2.0+/-4.7 and -2.3+/-4.5 mg dL(-1) vs Ex, 4.4+/-10.8 and 1.6+/-3.6 mg dL(-1); men and women, respectively), TC/HDL-C ratio, squat and bench press 1-repetition maximum, and distance covered during a shuttle-run test. In addition, exercise appeared to augment the reduction in fat mass (by 63% and 50%; men and women, respectively) and waist circumference, but did not affect total weight loss. Addition of a resistance and endurance exercise training program to a glucomannan diet regimen significantly improved measures of body composition, HDL-C, and TC/HDL-C ratio.
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Kraemer WJ, Fragala MS, Watson G, Volek JS, Rubin MR, French DN, Maresh CM, Vingren JL, Hatfield DL, Spiering BA, Yu-Ho J, Hughes SL, Case HS, Stuempfle KJ, Lehmann DR, Bailey S, Evans DS. Hormonal responses to a 160-km race across frozen Alaska. Br J Sports Med 2007; 42:116-20; discussion 120. [PMID: 17638844 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2007.035535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe physical and environmental stress seems to have a suppressive effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in men. Examining hormonal responses to an extreme 160-km competition across frozen Alaska provides a unique opportunity to study this intense stress. OBJECTIVE To examine hormonal responses to an ultra-endurance race. METHODS Blood samples were obtained from 16 men before and after racing and analyzed for testosterone, interleukin-6 (IL-6), growth hormone (GH) and cortisol. Six subjects (mean (SD) age 42 (7) years; body mass 78.9 (7.1) kg; height 1.78 (0.05) m raced by bicycle (cyclists) and 10 subjects (age 35 (9) years; body mass 77.9 (10.6) kg; height, 1.82 (0.05) m) raced by foot (runners). Mean (SD) finish times were 21.83 (6.27) and 33.98 (6.12) h, respectively. RESULTS In cyclists there were significant (p< or =0.05) mean (SD) pre-race to post-race increases in cortisol (254.83 (135.26) to 535.99 (232.22) nmol/l), GH (0.12 (0.23) to 3.21 (3.33) microg/ml) and IL-6 (2.36 (0.42) to 10.15 (3.28) pg/ml), and a significant decrease in testosterone (13.81 (3.19) to 5.59 (3.74) nmol/l). Similarly, in runners there were significant pre-race to post-race increases in cortisol (142.09 (50.74) to 452.21 (163.40) ng/ml), GH (0.12 (0.23) to 3.21 (3.33) microg/ml) and IL-6 (2.42 (0.68) to 12.25 (1.78) pg/ml), and a significant decrease in testosterone (12.32 (4.47) to 6.96 (3.19) nmol/l). There were no significant differences in the hormonal levels between cyclists and runners (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest a suppression of the hypopituitary-gonadal axis potentially mediated by amplification of adrenal stress responses to such an ultra-endurance race in environmentally stressful conditions.
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Hatfield DL, Spiering BA, Fragala MS, Vingren JL, Ho JY, Forsythe CE, Yamamoto LM, Puglisi MJ, Anderson JM, Maresh CM, Volek JS, Kraemer WJ. Effects of Muscle ArmorTM Supplementation During a Resistance Training Program on Body Composition and Performance Outcomes In Men. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000273946.53444.e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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158
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Ho JY, Kraemer WJ, Vingren JL, Silvestre R, Hatfield DL, A B, g S, Fragala MS, J M, i P, Quann EE, E C, e F, M L, o Y, Anderson JM, Volek JS, Maresh CM. Effect of Adding Exercise to a Diet Containing Glucomannan in Men. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000274436.74842.b2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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159
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Vingren JL, J W, r K, Hatfield DL, Spiering BA, Ho JY, Fragala MS, Hill DW. Modeling the Relationship between Velocity and Time to Fatigue in Speed Skating. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000273801.07291.b2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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160
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Vingren JL, Silvestre R, Hatfield DL, Spiering BA, Fragala MS, Ho JY, Maresh CM, Volek JS, Defreitas JM, Puglisi MJ, Forsythe CE, Quann EE, Anderson JM, Kraemer WJ. Effect of Adding Exercise to a Diet Containing Glucomannan. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a578-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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161
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Fragala MS, Kraemer WJ, Volek JS, Spiering BA, Hatfield DL, Vingren JL, Ho JY, Forsythe CE, Puglisi MJ, Anderson JM, Maresh CM. INFLUENCES OF A DIETARY SUPPLEMENT IN COMBINATION WITH AN EXERCISE AND DIET REGIMEN ON ADIPOCYTOKINES AND ADIPOSITY IN WOMEN WHO ARE OVERWEIGHT. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a578-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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162
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Chasan-Taber L, Freedson PS, Roberts DE, Schmidt MD, Fragala MS. Energy expenditure of selected household activities during pregnancy. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2007; 78:133-7. [PMID: 17479581 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2007.10599410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
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163
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Troped PJ, Wiecha JL, Fragala MS, Matthews CE, Finkelstein DM, Kim J, Peterson KE. Reliability and Validity of YRBS Physical Activity Items among Middle School Students. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007; 39:416-25. [PMID: 17473767 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e31802d97af] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess test-retest reliability and validity of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) items for moderate and vigorous physical activity in middle school students. METHODS Students (N = 125; 12.7 +/- 0.6 yr) wore Actigraph accelerometers for 6.1 +/- 1.0 d and twice completed surveys that included YRBS moderate and vigorous physical activity items. Accelerometer counts were transformed into minutes of moderate (3-6 METs) and vigorous (> 6 METs) physical activity. Days per week meeting moderate and vigorous physical activity recommendations were estimated using four summary methods. Reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) from the two surveys. Validity was assessed as percent concordance, kappa coefficients, and sensitivity and specificity using binary YRBS and Actigraph outcomes. RESULTS Test-retest ICC for the moderate and vigorous physical activity items were 0.51 and 0.46, respectively. Twenty-two percent of students met the recommended level of moderate physical activity (>or= 30 min.d(-1), >or= 5 d.wk(-1)) according to self-reports, whereas 90.4 and 66.4% met the recommendation according to accumulated accelerometer minutes and 5-min-bout criteria, respectively. Concordance between YRBS and Actigraph moderate physical activity measures was highest using accumulated accelerometer minutes. Sensitivity of the moderate YRBS item ranged from 0.19 to 0.23 for four comparisons, and specificity was 0.74-0.92. More than two thirds of students reported vigorous physical activity at recommended levels (>or= 20 min.d(-1), >or= 3 d.wk(-1)), whereas the highest prevalence according to Actigraph monitoring was 22.4%. Sensitivity of the YRBS vigorous item was high (0.75-0.92) compared with the four Actigraph measures; specificity was low (0.23-0.26). CONCLUSION YRBS questions underestimate the proportion of students attaining recommended levels of moderate physical activity and overestimate the proportion meeting vigorous recommendations. Use of accelerometry for physical activity surveillance seems to be indicated. At the minimum, new questions demonstrating greater validity are needed.
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Spiering BA, Kraemer WJ, Vingren JL, Hatfield DL, Fragala MS, Ho JY, Maresh CM, Anderson JM, Volek JS. RESPONSES OF CRITERION VARIABLES TO DIFFERENT SUPPLEMENTAL DOSES OF L-CARNITINE L-TARTRATE. J Strength Cond Res 2007; 21:259-64. [PMID: 17313301 DOI: 10.1519/00124278-200702000-00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
L-carnitine L-tartrate (LCLT) supplementation beneficially affects markers of postexercise metabolic stress and muscle damage. However, to date, no study has determined the dose response of LCLT to elicit such responses. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different doses of LCLT on criterion variables previously shown to be responsive to LCLT supplementation. Eight healthy men (22 +/- 3 y, 174 +/- 5 cm, 83.0 +/- 15.3 kg) were supplemented with 0 g, 1 g, and 2 g of LCLT for 3 weeks and then performed a bout of resistance exercise (5 sets of 15-20 repetition maximum with a 2-min rest between sets) with associated blood draws. This procedure was performed in a balanced, randomized, repeated measures design. Serum carnitine concentrations increased (p < or = 0.05) following the 1 g and 2 g doses, with the 2-g dose providing the highest carnitine concentrations. The 1- and 2-g doses reduced postexercise serum hypoxanthine, serum xanthine oxidase, serum myoglobin, and perceived muscle soreness. In conclusion, both the 1- and 2-g doses were effective in mediating various markers of metabolic stress and of muscle soreness. Use of LCLT appears to attenuate metabolic stress and the hypoxic chain of events leading to muscle damage after exercise.
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Shimano T, Kraemer WJ, Spiering BA, Volek JS, Hatfield DL, Silvestre R, Vingren JL, Fragala MS, Maresh CM, Fleck SJ, Newton RU, Spreuwenberg LPB, Häkkinen K. Relationship between the number of repetitions and selected percentages of one repetition maximum in free weight exercises in trained and untrained men. J Strength Cond Res 2007; 20:819-23. [PMID: 17194239 DOI: 10.1519/r-18195.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Resistance exercise intensity is commonly prescribed as a percent of 1 repetition maximum (1RM). However, the relationship between percent 1RM and the number of repetitions allowed remains poorly studied, especially using free weight exercises. The purpose of this study was to determine the maximal number of repetitions that trained (T) and untrained (UT) men can perform during free weight exercises at various percentages of 1RM. Eight T and 8 UT men were tested for 1RM strength. Then, subjects performed 1 set to failure at 60, 80, and 90% of 1RM in the back squat, bench press, and arm curl in a randomized, balanced design. There was a significant (p < 0.05) intensity x exercise interaction. More repetitions were performed during the back squat than the bench press or arm curl at 60% 1RM for T and UT. At 80 and 90% 1RM, there were significant differences between the back squat and other exercises; however, differences were much less pronounced. No differences in number of repetitions performed at a given exercise intensity were noted between T and UT (except during bench press at 90% 1RM). In conclusion, the number of repetitions performed at a given percent of 1RM is influenced by the amount of muscle mass used during the exercise, as more repetitions can be performed during the back squat than either the bench press or arm curl. Training status of the individual has a minimal impact on the number of repetitions performed at relative exercise intensity.
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Hatfield DL, Kraemer WJ, Spiering BA, Häkkinen K, Volek JS, Shimano T, Spreuwenberg LPB, Silvestre R, Vingren JL, Fragala MS, Gómez AL, Fleck SJ, Newton RU, Maresh CM. The impact of velocity of movement on performance factors in resistance exercise. J Strength Cond Res 2007; 20:760-6. [PMID: 17194227 DOI: 10.1519/r-155552.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of a very slow (VS) velocity and a self-selected volitional (VOL) velocity at varying intensities on repetition number, peak force, peak power, and total volume in the squat and shoulder press exercises. On separate testing days, 9 resistance trained men (age: 23.9 +/- 2.5 years; height: 174.8 +/- 6.5 cm; body mass: 80.1 +/- 12.4 kg) performed a squat (SQ) and shoulder press (SP) exercise at 60 or 80% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) at either VOL or VS (10-second eccentric and 10-second concentric actions) velocity for as many repetitions as possible. Force, power, and volume (repetitions x kg) were also determined. Subjects performed significantly fewer repetitions (p < or = 0.05) in the VS exercises (60% VS SQ 5 +/- 1 vs. VOL SQ 24 +/- 2; 80% VS SQ 2 +/- 0 vs. VOL SQ 12 +/- 1; 60% VS SP 4 +/- 1 vs. VOL SP 14 +/- 2; 80% VS SP 1 +/- 0 vs. VOL SP 6 +/- 1). Peak force and power were significantly higher at the VOL speed (peak force [in newtons]: 60% VS SQ 564.4 +/- 77.3 vs. VOL SQ 1229.0 +/- 134.9 N; 80% VS SQ 457.3 +/- 27.9 vs. VOL SQ 1059.3 +/- 104.7 N; 60% VS SP 321.6 +/- 37.8 vs. VOL SP 940.7 +/- 144.8 N; 80% VS SP 296.5 +/- 24.7 vs. VOL SP 702.5 +/- 57.7 N; and peak power [in watts]: 60% VS SQ 271.2 +/- 40.1 vs. VOL SQ 783.2 +/- 129.1 W; 80% VS SQ 229.3 +/- 49.5 vs. VOL SQ 520.2 +/- 85.8 W; 60% VS SP 91.3 +/- 21.9 vs. VOL SP 706.6 +/- 151.4 W; 80% VS SP 78.1 +/- 19.8 vs. VOL SP 277.6 +/- 46.4 W). VOL speed elicited higher total volume than the VS velocity. The results of this study indicate that a VS velocity may not elicit appropriate levels of force, power, or volume to optimize strength and athletic performance.
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Spreuwenberg LPB, Kraemer WJ, Spiering BA, Volek JS, Hatfield DL, Silvestre R, Vingren JL, Fragala MS, Häkkinen K, Newton RU, Maresh CM, Fleck SJ. Influence of exercise order in a resistance-training exercise session. J Strength Cond Res 2006; 20:141-4. [PMID: 16503673 DOI: 10.1519/r-18185.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The order of resistance exercises within a training session may have a vital impact on the quality of the constituent exercises performed. However, very few studies have documented the specific influence of exercise order. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of exercise order on back squat performance in the context of a whole-body workout. Nine resistance-trained male subjects (age: 24 +/- 4 years, body mass: 81.5 +/- 15.3 kg, resistance-training experience: 7 +/- 4 years) performed the back squat exercise (4 sets at 85% of 1 repetition maximum) on 2 separate occasions in a balanced, crossover design. During one protocol, the squat exercise was performed first (protocol A); during the other protocol, it was performed after a whole-body resistance-exercise session (protocol B). Number of repetitions, average power, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were collected during each set of the squat exercise. All subjects performed significantly (p < 0.01) more repetitions during set 1 when they performed protocol A (8.0 +/- 1.9 repetitions) compared with protocol B (5.4 +/- 2.7 repetitions). The average power for each set was higher during protocol B compared with protocol A. There were no significant differences in RPE values between the 2 protocols. In conclusion, performing the barbell back squat first in an exercise session allowed the completion of more total repetitions. However, this study showed that performing the squat exercise after a whole-body workout session may result in greater power output if the squat is preceded by a power exercise (i.e., hang pull). This phenomenon may have been due to postactivation potentiation.
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Yamamoto LM, Kraemer WJ, McCormick TJ, Nindl BC, Volek JS, Spiering BA, Hatfield DL, Fragala MS, Vingren JL, Ho JY, Scheett TP, Judelson DA, Armstrong LE, Koziris LP, Gordon SE, Triplett NT, Maresh CM. The Influence of Mild Hypohydration on a Resistance Training Workout. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200605001-01672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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170
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Vingren JL, Kraemer WJ, Nindl BC, Volek JS, Marx JO, Maresh CM, Spiering BA, Hatfield DL, Fragala MS, Ho JY, Bush JA, Mastro AM, Hymer WC. The Influence Oral Contraception on Growth Hormone Responses to Resistance Exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200605001-02911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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171
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Fragala MS, Kraemer WJ, van Henegouwen WRHB, Gordon SE, Spiering BA, Hatfield DL, Vingren JL, Ho JY, Volek JS, Maresh CM, Bush JA, Mastro AM. Responses of Proenkephalin F to Exercise in the Plasma and White Blood Cell Biocompartments. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200605001-01214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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172
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Kraemer WJ, Kim SK, Bush JA, Nindl BC, Volek JS, Spiering BA, Hatfield DL, Fragala MS, Putukian M, Sebastianelli WJ. Influence of the menstrual cycle on proenkephalin peptide F responses to maximal cycle exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2006; 96:581-6. [PMID: 16408233 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-005-0114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Proenkephalin peptide F [107-140] is an enkephalin-containing peptide found predominantly within the adrenal medulla and is co-packaged with epinephrine within adrenal medullary chromaffin granules. Peptide F has been shown to have the classic opioid analgesia effects along with immune cell interactions. This is only the second peptide F study in women, and in it we compare the responses of peptide F to a maximal cycle exercise test and recovery values over the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Eight untrained (directly documented in this study) women who were eumenorrheic performed a progressive maximal exercise test to volitional exhaustion on a cycle ergometer, once during the follicular phase, and once during the luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Blood was obtained pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise and at 0, 15, and 30 min into recovery. Typical exercise changes in response to the cycle tests were observed with blood lactate increases that remained elevated 30 min into recovery. No significant exercise-induced elevations were observed for peptide F concentrations with exercise nor were any differences observed between the two menstrual phases. Thus, the effects of the menstrual cycle on peptide F concentrations appear to be minimal under the conditions of this investigation. With high concentrations of peptide F observed at rest (approx. 0.2-0.3 pmol ml(-1)) pre-exercise arousal mechanisms may have obviated any exercise-induced response. In addition, inhibition via elevated epinephrine may have inhibited any post-exercise increases and finally adrenal medullary capacity for circulatory concentrations of peptide F may have been reached in such untrained women. Pre-exercise arousal mechanisms potentially related to analgesia may also be involved to prepare untrained women for the stress of maximal exercise.
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Roberts DE, Williams R, Fragala MS, Pragluski SJ, Hasson RE, Pober DM, Freedson PS. A New 3D Accelerometer to Assess Physical Activity in 2–5 Year-Old Children. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2004. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200405001-00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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174
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Troped PJ, Fragala MS, Matthews CE, Peterson KE, Finkelstein D, Bettencourt MF, Wiecha JL. Validity of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey for Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity in Preadolescents. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2004. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200405001-00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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175
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Chasan-Taber L, Schmidt MD, Roberts DE, Fragala MS, Hasson R, Pragluski SR, Freedson PS. Validity and Reproducibility of the Kaiser Physical Activity Survey in Pregnant Women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2004. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200405001-00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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