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Yang IV, Pedersen BS, Liu AH, O'Connor GT, Pillai D, Kattan M, Misiak RT, Gruchalla R, Szefler SJ, Khurana Hershey GK, Kercsmar C, Richards A, Stevens AD, Kolakowski CA, Makhija M, Sorkness CA, Krouse RZ, Visness C, Davidson EJ, Hennessy CE, Martin RJ, Togias A, Busse WW, Schwartz DA. The nasal methylome and childhood atopic asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 139:1478-1488. [PMID: 27745942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the strong environmental influence on both epigenetic marks and allergic asthma in children, the epigenetic alterations in respiratory epithelia might provide insight into allergic asthma. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify DNA methylation and gene expression changes associated with childhood allergic persistent asthma. METHODS We compared genomic DNA methylation patterns and gene expression in African American children with persistent atopic asthma (n = 36) versus healthy control subjects (n = 36). Results were validated in an independent population of asthmatic children (n = 30) by using a shared healthy control population (n = 36) and in an independent population of white adult atopic asthmatic patients (n = 12) and control subjects (n = 12). RESULTS We identified 186 genes with significant methylation changes, differentially methylated regions or differentially methylated probes, after adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, batch effects, inflation, and multiple comparisons. Genes differentially methylated included those with established roles in asthma and atopy and genes related to extracellular matrix, immunity, cell adhesion, epigenetic regulation, and airflow obstruction. The methylation changes were substantial (median, 9.5%; range, 2.6% to 29.5%). Hypomethylated and hypermethylated genes were associated with increased and decreased gene expression, respectively (P < 2.8 × 10-6 for differentially methylated regions and P < 7.8 × 10-10 for differentially methylated probes). Quantitative analysis in 53 differentially expressed genes demonstrated that 32 (60%) have significant methylation-expression relationships within 5 kb of the gene. Ten loci selected based on the relevance to asthma, magnitude of methylation change, and methylation-expression relationships were validated in an independent cohort of children with atopic asthma. Sixty-seven of 186 genes also have significant asthma-associated methylation changes in nasal epithelia of adult white asthmatic patients. CONCLUSIONS Epigenetic marks in respiratory epithelia are associated with allergic asthma and gene expression changes in inner-city children.
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Zoratti EM, Krouse RZ, Babineau DC, Pongracic JA, O'Connor GT, Wood RA, Khurana Hershey GK, Kercsmar CM, Gruchalla RS, Kattan M, Teach SJ, Sigelman SM, Gergen PJ, Togias A, Visness CM, Busse WW, Liu AH. Asthma phenotypes in inner-city children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:1016-1029. [PMID: 27720016 PMCID: PMC5104222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with asthma in low-income urban areas have high morbidity. Phenotypic analysis in these children is lacking, but may identify characteristics to inform successful tailored management approaches. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify distinct asthma phenotypes among inner-city children receiving guidelines-based management. METHODS Nine inner-city asthma consortium centers enrolled 717 children aged 6 to 17 years. Data were collected at baseline and prospectively every 2 months for 1 year. Participants' asthma and rhinitis were optimally managed by study physicians on the basis of guidelines. Cluster analysis using 50 baseline and 12 longitudinal variables was performed in 616 participants completing 4 or more follow-up visits. RESULTS Five clusters (designated A through E) were distinguished by indicators of asthma and rhinitis severity, pulmonary physiology, allergy (sensitization and total serum IgE), and allergic inflammation. In comparison to other clusters, cluster A was distinguished by lower allergy/inflammation, minimally symptomatic asthma and rhinitis, and normal pulmonary physiology. Cluster B had highly symptomatic asthma despite high step-level treatment, lower allergy and inflammation, and mildly altered pulmonary physiology. Cluster C had minimally symptomatic asthma and rhinitis, intermediate allergy and inflammation, and mildly impaired pulmonary physiology. Clusters D and E exhibited progressively higher asthma and rhinitis symptoms and allergy/inflammation. Cluster E had the most symptomatic asthma while receiving high step-level treatment and had the highest total serum IgE level (median, 733 kU/L), blood eosinophil count (median, 400 cells/mm3), and allergen sensitizations (15 of 22 tested). CONCLUSIONS Allergy distinguishes asthma phenotypes in urban children. Severe asthma often coclusters with highly allergic children. However, a symptomatic phenotype with little allergy or allergic inflammation was identified.
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Agrawal S, Stephenson A, Michalski J, Efstathiou J, Pisansky T, Feng F, Hamstra D, Koontz B, Liauw S, Abramowitz M, Pollack A, Anscher M, Moghanaki D, Den R, Stephans K, Gao T, Kattan M, Tendulkar R. Prostate Cancer–Specific Mortality and Survival Outcomes for Salvage Radiation Therapy After Radical Prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gittleman H, Lim D, Kattan M, Chakravarti A, Gilbert M, Lassman A, Lo S, Machtay M, Sloan A, Sulman E, Tian D, Vogelbaum M, Wang T, Penas-Prado M, Youssef E, Blumenthal D, Zhang P, Mehta M, Barnholtz-Sloan J. An Independently Validated Nomogram for Individualized Estimation of Survival Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma: NRG Oncology/RTOG 0525 and 0825. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pongracic JA, Krouse RZ, Babineau DC, Zoratti EM, Cohen RT, Wood RA, Khurana Hershey GK, Kercsmar CM, Gruchalla RS, Kattan M, Teach SJ, Johnson CC, Bacharier LB, Gern JE, Sigelman SM, Gergen PJ, Togias A, Visness CM, Busse WW, Liu AH. Distinguishing characteristics of difficult-to-control asthma in inner-city children and adolescents. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:1030-1041. [PMID: 27720017 PMCID: PMC5379996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment levels required to control asthma vary greatly across a population with asthma. The factors that contribute to variability in treatment requirements of inner-city children have not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify the clinical characteristics that distinguish difficult-to-control asthma from easy-to-control asthma. METHODS Asthmatic children aged 6 to 17 years underwent baseline assessment and bimonthly guideline-based management visits over 1 year. Difficult-to-control and easy-to-control asthma were defined as daily therapy with 500 μg of fluticasone or greater with or without a long-acting β-agonist versus 100 μg or less assigned on at least 4 visits. Forty-four baseline variables were used to compare the 2 groups by using univariate analyses and to identify the most relevant features of difficult-to-control asthma by using a variable selection algorithm. Nonlinear seasonal variation in longitudinal measures (symptoms, pulmonary physiology, and exacerbations) was examined by using generalized additive mixed-effects models. RESULTS Among 619 recruited participants, 40.9% had difficult-to-control asthma, 37.5% had easy-to-control asthma, and 21.6% fell into neither group. At baseline, FEV1 bronchodilator responsiveness was the most important characteristic distinguishing difficult-to-control asthma from easy-to-control asthma. Markers of rhinitis severity and atopy were among the other major discriminating features. Over time, difficult-to-control asthma was characterized by high exacerbation rates, particularly in spring and fall; greater daytime and nighttime symptoms, especially in fall and winter; and compromised pulmonary physiology despite ongoing high-dose controller therapy. CONCLUSIONS Despite good adherence, difficult-to-control asthma showed little improvement in symptoms, exacerbations, or pulmonary physiology over the year. In addition to pulmonary physiology measures, rhinitis severity and atopy were associated with high-dose asthma controller therapy requirement.
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Liu AH, Babineau DC, Krouse RZ, Zoratti EM, Pongracic JA, O'Connor GT, Wood RA, Khurana Hershey GK, Kercsmar CM, Gruchalla RS, Kattan M, Teach SJ, Makhija M, Pillai D, Lamm CI, Gern JE, Sigelman SM, Gergen PJ, Togias A, Visness CM, Busse WW. Pathways through which asthma risk factors contribute to asthma severity in inner-city children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:1042-1050. [PMID: 27720018 PMCID: PMC5381517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathway analyses can be used to determine how host and environmental factors contribute to asthma severity. OBJECTIVE To investigate pathways explaining asthma severity in inner-city children. METHODS On the basis of medical evidence in the published literature, we developed a conceptual model to describe how 8 risk-factor domains (allergen sensitization, allergic inflammation, pulmonary physiology, stress, obesity, vitamin D, environmental tobacco smoke [ETS] exposure, and rhinitis severity) are linked to asthma severity. To estimate the relative magnitude and significance of hypothesized relationships among these domains and asthma severity, we applied a causal network analysis to test our model in an Inner-City Asthma Consortium study. Participants comprised 6- to 17-year-old children (n = 561) with asthma and rhinitis from 9 US inner cities who were evaluated every 2 months for 1 year. Asthma severity was measured by a longitudinal composite assessment of day and night symptoms, exacerbations, and controller usage. RESULTS Our conceptual model explained 53.4% of the variance in asthma severity. An allergy pathway (linking allergen sensitization, allergic inflammation, pulmonary physiology, and rhinitis severity domains to asthma severity) and the ETS exposure pathway (linking ETS exposure and pulmonary physiology domains to asthma severity) exerted significant effects on asthma severity. Among the domains, pulmonary physiology and rhinitis severity had the largest significant standardized total effects on asthma severity (-0.51 and 0.48, respectively), followed by ETS exposure (0.30) and allergic inflammation (0.22). Although vitamin D had modest but significant indirect effects on asthma severity, its total effect was insignificant (0.01). CONCLUSIONS The standardized effect sizes generated by a causal network analysis quantify the relative contributions of different domains and can be used to prioritize interventions to address asthma severity.
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Ahmadizar F, Vijverberg SJ, Arets HG, de Boer A, Lang JE, Kattan M, Palmer CN, Mukhopadhyay S, Turner S, Maitland-van der Zee AH. Childhood obesity in relation to poor asthma control and exacerbation: a meta-analysis. Eur Respir J 2016; 48:1063-1073. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00766-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
To estimate the association between obesity and poor asthma control or risk of exacerbations in asthmatic children and adolescents, and to assess whether these associations are different by sex.A meta-analysis was performed on unpublished data from three North-European paediatric asthma cohorts (BREATHE, PACMAN (Pharmacogenetics of Asthma medication in Children: Medication with Anti-inflammatory effects) and PAGES (Pediatric Asthma Gene Environment Study)) and 11 previously published studies (cross-sectional and longitudinal studies). Outcomes were poor asthma control (based on asthma symptoms) and exacerbations rates (asthma-related visits to the emergency department, asthma-related hospitalisations or use of oral corticosteroids). Overall pooled estimates of the odds ratios were obtained using fixed- or random-effects models.In a meta-analysis of 46 070 asthmatic children and adolescents, obese children (body mass index ≥95th percentile) compared with non-obese peers had a small but significant increased risk of asthma exacerbations (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.03–1.34; I2: 54.7%). However, there was no statistically significant association between obesity and poor asthma control (n=4973, OR 1.23, 95% CI 0.99–1.53; I2: 0.0%). After stratification for sex, the differences in odds ratios for girls and boys were similar, yet no longer statistically significant.In asthmatic children, obesity is associated with a minor increased risk of asthma exacerbations but not with poor asthma control. Sex does not appear to modify this risk.
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Kattan M, Daher Y. The use of polyvinyl chloride films dyed with methyl red in radiation dosimetry. INT J RADIAT RES 2016. [DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.ijrr.14.3.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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DiMango E, Serebrisky D, Narula S, Shim C, Keating C, Sheares B, Perzanowski M, Miller R, DiMango A, Andrews H, Merle D, Liu X, Calatroni A, Kattan M. Individualized Household Allergen Intervention Lowers Allergen Level But Not Asthma Medication Use: A Randomized Controlled Trial. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2016; 4:671-679.e4. [PMID: 27025297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental exposures to indoor allergens are major contributors to asthma symptoms, particularly in inner cities. The effectiveness of household allergen reduction as an adjunct to National Asthma Education Prevention Program guideline-based pharmacologic therapy in asthma has not been prospectively studied. OBJECTIVE To study the effect of individualized allergen reduction on ability to reduce asthma pharmacologic therapy over 40 weeks. METHODS We performed a randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of multifaceted indoor allergen avoidance measures on the ability to reduce asthma controller therapy in adults and children residing in New York City who were both sensitized and exposed to at least 1 indoor allergen. Asthma treatment and control were optimized in all subjects before randomization. RESULTS A total of 125 subjects were randomized to receive individualized household allergen reduction and 122 received a sham intervention. Subjects in the intervention group significantly reduced all measured allergen levels (cat, dog, dust mite allergens in the bedroom, cockroach and mouse allergens in the kitchen and bedroom); those in the control group reduced only dust mite and mouse allergens in the bedroom and cockroach allergen in the kitchen. Participants in the intervention arm reduced National Asthma Education Prevention Program-based therapy from step 4.4 at randomization to 3.50 postintervention (range, 0-6); participants in the control arm reduced medication from step 4.4 to 3.4 (P = .76). There were no differences in other measured asthma outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Targeted allergen avoidance measures do not allow for reduction in asthma pharmacologic therapy compared with usual care in patients already receiving optimal controller therapy.
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Zoratti EM, Zabel RA, Babineau DC, Pongracic JA, O'Connor GT, Wood RA, Khurana Hershey GK, Kercsmar C, Gruchalla RS, Kattan M, Teach SJ, Arbes SJ, Visness C, Busse WW, Gergen PJ, Togias A, Liu AH. Levels of Allergy Cluster with Asthma Severity in Inner-City Children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.12.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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86
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Liu AH, Babineau DC, Zabel RA, Zoratti EM, Pongracic JA, O'Connor GT, Wood RA, Khurana Hershey GK, Kercsmar C, Gruchalla RS, Kattan M, Teach SJ, Arbes SJ, Gergen PJ, Togias A, Visness C, Busse WW. Identification of Pathways to Asthma Severity in Inner-City Children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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87
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Brown KR, Zabel RA, Calatroni A, Visness C, Sivaprasad U, Matsui E, West JB, Makhija MM, Gill MA, Kim H, Kattan M, Pillai DK, Gern JE, Busse WW, Togias A, Liu AH, Khurana Hershey GK. Endotypes of Difficult-to-Control Asthma in Inner City Children Differ By Race. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.12.714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Morgan WJ, VanDevanter DR, Pasta DJ, Foreman AJ, Wagener JS, Konstan MW, Liou T, McColley S, McMullen A, Quittner A, Regelmann W, Ren C, Rosenfeld M, Sawicki G, Schechter M, VanDevanter D, Wagener J, Woo M, Brasfield D, Lyrene R, Sindel L, Roberts D, Carroll J, Warren R, Nassri L, Anderson P, Brown M, Silverthorn A, Radford P, Gong G, Legris G, Greene G, Sudhakar R, Platzker A, Nickerson B, Hardy K, Harwood I, Shay G, Quick B, Lieberthal A, Moss R, Landon C, Fanous Y, Lieberman J, Spiritus E, Chipps B, McDonald R, Pian M, Cropp G, Lewis N, Nielson D, Shapiro B, Wagener J, Accurso F, Saavedra M, Daigle K, Hen J, Palazzo R, Dodds K, Pad-man R, Goodill J, Winnie G, Davies L, Kriseman T, Sallent J, Chiaro J, Kubiet M, Goldfinger S, Schwartzman M, Diaz C, Maupin K, Riff E, Geller D, Livingston F, Mavunda K, Birriel J, Faverio L, Rosenberg D, Schaeffer D, Sherman J, Wagner M, Light M, Schnapf B, Montgomery G, Kirchner K, Weatherly M, Caplan D, Guill M, Hudson V, Akhter J, Davison D, Boas S, McColley S, Chung Y, Latner R, Aljadeff G, Chan Y, Kraut J, Stone A, Still JL, Sharma G, Eagleton L, Hopkins P, Chatrath U, Lester L, Kim YJ, Anthony V, Eigan H, Howenstine M, James P, Gergesha E, Harris J, Plant R, Zivkovich V, Collins A, Nassif E, Ahrens R, Doornbos D, Kanarek J, Leff R, Shaw P, Demoss E, Riva M, Sullivan L, Anstead M, Kanga J, Eid N, Morton R, Hilman B, Jones K, Davis S, Harder R, Lever T, Cairns AM, Caldwell E, Zuckerman J, Mogayzel P, Rosenstein B, McQuestion J, Perry D, Rosenberg S, Gerstle R, Colin A, Wohl ME, Lapey A, Yee W, O'Sullivan B, Zwerdling R, Abdulhamid I, O'Hagan A, Schuen J, Kurlandsky L, Honicky R, Homnick D, Marks J, Pichurko B, Maxvold N, Nasr S, Simon R, Tsai W, Kissner D, McNamara J, Henry N, Marker S, Pryor M, Regelmann W, Walker L, Woodward J, Mizell L, Miller S, Rosenbluth D, Black P, McCubbin M, Cohen A, Ferkol T, Mallory G, Rejent A, Rubin B, Graff G, Konig P, Colombo J, Murphy P, Boyle W, Parker W, Patton C, Zanni R, Atlas A, Turcios N, Laraya-Cuasay L, Bisberg D, Aguila H, Allen S, James D, Perkett E, Thompson M, Budhecha S, Diaz R, Rosen J, Kaslovsky R, Percciacante R, Borowitz D, Cronin J, McMahon C, Quittell L, Giusti R, Cohen R, DeCelie-Germana J, Gorvoy J, Patel K, Kattan M, Dozor A, DiMango E, Berdella M, Anbar R, Ianuzzi D, Sexton J, Tayag-Kier C, McBride J, Ren C, Voter K, Dimaio M, Georgitis J, Majure JM, Martinez M, McIntosh C, Leigh M, Schechter M, Black H, Hughes J, Kantak A, Wilmott R, Omlor G, Stone R, McCoy K, Acton J, Doershuk C, Konstan M, Fink R, Steffan M, Vauthy P, Joseph P, Reyes S, Kramer J, Royall J, Eisenberg J, Wall M, Fiel S, Scanlin T, Phadke S, Winnie G, Weinberg J, Sexauer W, Wolf S, Holsclaw D, Klein D, Warren S, Kinsey R, Perez C, Ganeshanathan M, Shinnick J, Panitch H, Varlotta L, Robinson C, Santana JR, Passero MA, Gwinn J, Baker R, Bowman M, Flume P, Brown D, Marville R, Wallace J, Parry R, Ellenburg D, Rogers J, Mohon R, Ledbetter J, Hanissian A, Schoumacher R, Campbell P, Harris C, Slovis B, Stokes D, Hale K, Katz M, Seilheimer D, Sockrider M, Frank A, Daniel J, Cunningham J, Browning I, Bray J, Dove A, Mandujano F, Tremper L, Morse M, Willey-Courand D, Copenhaver S, Pohl J, McWilliams B, Martine-Logvinoff M, Wallace M, Klein R, Amaro R, Couch L, Brown M, Prestidge C, Inscore S, Lipton A, Chatfield B, Liou T, Marshall B, Lahiri T, Swartz D, Whittaker L, Karlson K, Ropoll I, Rubio T, Schmidt J, Thomas D, Osborn J, Froh D, Gaston B, Elliott G, Gibson R, Ramsey B, McCarthy M, Larson L, Ricker D, Robbins M, Aitken M, Emerson J, Aronoff S, Moffett K, Biller J, Splaingard M, Sullivan B, Pritchard P, Adair S, Holzwarth P, Dopico G, Meyer K, Green C, Rock M. Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second Variability Helps Identify Patients with Cystic Fibrosis at Risk of Greater Loss of Lung Function. J Pediatr 2016; 169:116-21.e2. [PMID: 26388208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate several alternative measures of forced expiratory volume in 1 second percent predicted (FEV1 %pred) variability as potential predictors of future FEV1 %pred decline in patients with cystic fibrosis. STUDY DESIGN We included 13,827 patients age ≥6 years from the Epidemiologic Study of Cystic Fibrosis 1994-2002 with ≥4 FEV1 %pred measurements spanning ≥366 days in both a 2-year baseline period and a 2-year follow-up period. We predicted change from best baseline FEV1 %pred to best follow-up FEV1 %pred and change from baseline to best in the second follow-up year by using multivariable regression stratified by 4 lung-disease stages. We assessed 5 measures of variability (some as deviations from the best and some as deviations from the trend line) both alone and after controlling for demographic and clinical factors and for the slope and level of FEV1 %pred. RESULTS All 5 measures of FEV1 %pred variability were predictive, but the strongest predictor was median deviation from the best FEV1 %pred in the baseline period. The contribution to explanatory power (R(2)) was substantial and exceeded the total contribution of all other factors excluding the FEV1 %pred rate of decline. Adding the other variability measures provided minimal additional value. CONCLUSIONS Median deviation from the best FEV1 %pred is a simple metric that markedly improves prediction of FEV1 %pred decline even after the inclusion of demographic and clinical characteristics and the FEV1 %pred rate of decline. The routine calculation of this variability measure could allow clinicians to better identify patients at risk and therefore in need of increased intervention.
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Esquivel AT, Busse WW, Calatroni A, Gergen PJ, Grindle K, Gruchalla RS, Kattan M, Kercsmar C, Khurana Hershey GK, Kim H, Lebeau P, Liu AH, Szefler SJ, Teach SJ, Pongracic JA, West JB, Wildfire J, Gern JE. Omalizumab Decreases Rates of Cold Symptoms in Inner-City Children with Allergic Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.12.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hughes EE, Stevens CF, Saavedra-Matiz CA, Tavakoli NP, Krein LM, Parker A, Zhang Z, Maloney B, Vogel B, DeCelie-Germana J, Kier C, Anbar RD, Berdella MN, Comber PG, Dozor AJ, Goetz DM, Guida L, Kattan M, Ting A, Voter KZ, van Roey P, Caggana M, Kay DM. Clinical Sensitivity of Cystic Fibrosis Mutation Panels in a Diverse Population. Hum Mutat 2015; 37:201-8. [PMID: 26538069 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Infants are screened for cystic fibrosis (CF) in New York State (NYS) using an IRT-DNA algorithm. The purpose of this study was to validate and assess clinical validity of the US FDA-cleared Illumina MiSeqDx CF 139-Variant Assay (139-VA) in the diverse NYS CF population. The study included 439 infants with CF identified via newborn screening (NBS) from 2002 to 2012. All had been screened using the Abbott Molecular CF Genotyping Assay or the Hologic InPlex CF Molecular Test. All with CF and zero or one mutation were tested using the 139-VA. DNA extracted from dried blood spots was reliably and accurately genotyped using the 139-VA. Sixty-three additional mutations were identified. Clinical sensitivity of three panels ranged from 76.2% (23 mutations recommended for screening by ACMG/ACOG) to 79.7% (current NYS 39-mutation InPlex panel), up to 86.0% for the 139-VA. For all, sensitivity was highest in Whites and lowest in the Black population. Although the sample size was small, there was a nearly 20% increase in sensitivity for the Black CF population using the 139-VA (68.2%) over the ACMG/ACOG and InPlex panels (both 50.0%). Overall, the 139-VA is more sensitive than other commercially available panels, and could be considered for NBS, clinical, or research laboratories conducting CF screening.
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Tendulkar R, Agrawal S, Efstathiou J, Pisansky T, Michalski J, Koontz B, Hamstra D, Feng F, Liauw S, Abramowitz M, Pollack A, Anscher M, Moghanaki D, Den R, Stephans K, Kattan M, Stephenson A. Contemporary Update of a Multi-institutional Predictive Nomogram for Salvage Radiation Therapy After Prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Agrawal S, Pisansky T, Hamstra D, Liauw S, Koontz B, Efstathiou J, Michalski J, Feng F, Abramowitz M, Pollack A, Anscher M, Moghanaki D, Den R, Stephans K, Kattan M, Stephenson A, Tendulkar R. Dose Response for Salvage Radiation Therapy After Radical Prostatectomy in Margin-Positive Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Gruenberg DA, Wright RJ, Visness CM, Jaffee KF, Bloomberg GR, Cruikshank WW, Kattan M, Sandel MT, Wood RA, Gern JE. Relation between stress and cytokine responses in inner-city mothers. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2015; 115:439-445.e3. [PMID: 26409873 PMCID: PMC4814156 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women in poor urban neighborhoods have high rates of stress and allergic diseases, but whether stress or stress correlates such as depression promote inflammatory and type 2 cytokine responses is unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine associations among external stressors, perceived stress, depression, and peripheral blood mononuclear cell cytokine responses of mothers enrolled in the Urban Environment and Childhood Asthma Study and test the hypothesis that stress would be positively associated with type 2 and selected proinflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-8) responses. METHODS Questionnaire data from mothers living in 4 inner cities included information about external stress, stress perception, and depression. The external stress domains (interpersonal problems, housing, and neighborhood stress) were combined into a Composite Stressor score. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated ex vivo and cytokine responses to innate, adaptive, and polyclonal immune stimuli were compared with stress and depression scores for 469 of the 606 study participants. RESULTS There were no significant positive associations between Composite Stressor scores, perceived stress, or depression scores and proinflammatory or type 2 cytokine responses, and these findings were not modified by allergy or asthma status. There were some modest associations with individual stressors and cytokine responses, but no consistent relations were noted. Depression was associated with decreased responses to some stimuli, particularly dust mite. CONCLUSION Composite measurements of stressors, perceived stress, or depression were not positively related to proinflammatory or type 2 cytokine responses in these young urban women. These data do not support the hypothesis that these factors promote cytokine responses associated with allergy. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT00114881.
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Teach SJ, Gill MA, Togias A, Sorkness CA, Arbes SJ, Calatroni A, Wildfire JJ, Gergen PJ, Cohen RT, Pongracic JA, Kercsmar CM, Khurana Hershey GK, Gruchalla RS, Liu AH, Zoratti EM, Kattan M, Grindle KA, Gern JE, Busse WW, Szefler SJ. Preseasonal treatment with either omalizumab or an inhaled corticosteroid boost to prevent fall asthma exacerbations. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:1476-1485. [PMID: 26518090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short-term targeted treatment can potentially prevent fall asthma exacerbations while limiting therapy exposure. OBJECTIVE We sought to compare (1) omalizumab with placebo and (2) omalizumab with an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) boost with regard to fall exacerbation rates when initiated 4 to 6 weeks before return to school. METHODS A 3-arm, randomized, double-blind, double placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial was conducted among inner-city asthmatic children aged 6 to 17 years with 1 or more recent exacerbations (clincaltrials.gov #NCT01430403). Guidelines-based therapy was continued over a 4- to 9-month run-in phase and a 4-month intervention phase. In a subset the effects of omalizumab on IFN-α responses to rhinovirus in PBMCs were examined. RESULTS Before the falls of 2012 and 2013, 727 children were enrolled, 513 were randomized, and 478 were analyzed. The fall exacerbation rate was significantly lower in the omalizumab versus placebo arms (11.3% vs 21.0%; odds ratio [OR], 0.48; 95% CI, 0.25-0.92), but there was no significant difference between omalizumab and ICS boost (8.4% vs 11.1%; OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.33-1.64). In a prespecified subgroup analysis, among participants with an exacerbation during the run-in phase, omalizumab was significantly more efficacious than both placebo (6.4% vs 36.3%; OR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.02-0.64) and ICS boost (2.0% vs 27.8%; OR, 0.05; 95% CI, 0.002-0.98). Omalizumab improved IFN-α responses to rhinovirus, and within the omalizumab group, greater IFN-α increases were associated with fewer exacerbations (OR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.01-0.88). Adverse events were rare and similar among arms. CONCLUSIONS Adding omalizumab before return to school to ongoing guidelines-based care among inner-city youth reduces fall asthma exacerbations, particularly among those with a recent exacerbation.
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Visness CM, Sandel MT, O'Connor G, Gern JE, Jaffee KF, Wood RA, Kattan M, Bloomberg GR, Dresen A, Gergen PJ, Gold DR, Lemanske RF, Rajamanickam V, Camargo CA, Jackson DJ. Cord blood vitamin D concentrations are unrelated to atopy and wheeze in 2 diverse birth cohort studies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:1108-10.e2. [PMID: 25979524 PMCID: PMC4600422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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96
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Yang IV, Pedersen BS, Liu A, O'Connor GT, Teach SJ, Kattan M, Misiak RT, Gruchalla R, Steinbach SF, Szefler SJ, Gill MA, Calatroni A, David G, Hennessy CE, Davidson EJ, Zhang W, Gergen P, Togias A, Busse WW, Schwartz DA. DNA methylation and childhood asthma in the inner city. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:69-80. [PMID: 25769910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic marks are heritable, influenced by the environment, direct the maturation of T lymphocytes, and in mice enhance the development of allergic airway disease. Thus it is important to define epigenetic alterations in asthmatic populations. OBJECTIVE We hypothesize that epigenetic alterations in circulating PBMCs are associated with allergic asthma. METHODS We compared DNA methylation patterns and gene expression in inner-city children with persistent atopic asthma versus healthy control subjects by using DNA and RNA from PBMCs. Results were validated in an independent population of asthmatic patients. RESULTS Comparing asthmatic patients (n = 97) with control subjects (n = 97), we identified 81 regions that were differentially methylated. Several immune genes were hypomethylated in asthma, including IL13, RUNX3, and specific genes relevant to T lymphocytes (TIGIT). Among asthmatic patients, 11 differentially methylated regions were associated with higher serum IgE concentrations, and 16 were associated with percent predicted FEV1. Hypomethylated and hypermethylated regions were associated with increased and decreased gene expression, respectively (P < 6 × 10(-12) for asthma and P < .01 for IgE). We further explored the relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression using an integrative analysis and identified additional candidates relevant to asthma (IL4 and ST2). Methylation marks involved in T-cell maturation (RUNX3), TH2 immunity (IL4), and oxidative stress (catalase) were validated in an independent asthmatic cohort of children living in the inner city. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that DNA methylation marks in specific gene loci are associated with asthma and suggest that epigenetic changes might play a role in establishing the immune phenotype associated with asthma.
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Yang I, Liu AH, Pedersen B, O'Connor GT, Teach SJ, Kattan M, Misiak RT, Gruchalla RS, Steinbach SF, Szefler SJ, Gill MA, Calatroni A, David GL, Hennessy CE, Davidson EJ, Zhang W, Gergen PJ, Togias A, Busse WW, Schwartz DA. DNA Methylation and Childhood Asthma in the Inner-City. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.12.1470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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98
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Esquivel AT, Gergen PJ, Gruchalla RS, Kattan M, Kim H, Lebeau P, Liu AH, Pongracic JA, Teach SJ, West JB, Wildfire J, Gern JE. Rhinovirus Species and Asthma Exacerbations in Inner-City Children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.12.1468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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99
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Demehri S, Yockey LJ, Visness CM, Jaffee KF, Turkoz A, Wood RA, O'Connor GT, Kattan M, Gern JE, Gergen PJ, Holtzman M, Bloomberg G, Kopan R. Circulating TSLP associates with decreased wheezing in non-atopic preschool children: data from the URECA birth cohort. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 44:851-7. [PMID: 24397611 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mouse models of atopic march suggest that systemic, skin-derived thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) mediates progression from eczema to asthma. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether circulating TSLP is associated with eczema, allergic sensitization, or recurrent wheezing in young children. METHODS A prospective analysis of the relationship between plasma levels of TSLP to allergic sensitization and recurrent wheezing was conducted in the birth cohort from the Urban Environment and Childhood Asthma (URECA) study. Plasma TSLP levels were measured at 1, 2, and 3 years of age and analysed for correlation with clinical parameters in each of the three years. Only those children with consecutive samples for all three years were included in this analysis. RESULTS We detected TSLP in 33% of 236 children for whom plasma samples were available for all three years. Overall, a consistently significant association was not found between TSLP and eczema or allergic sensitization. With regard to recurrent wheezing, children with detectable TSLP at one year of age were significantly less likely to experience recurrent wheezing by 3 years compared with those children without detectable TSLP, but this was only seen in children without aeroallergen sensitization at 3 years (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Contrary to our expectations, circulating TSLP was not significantly associated with eczema, allergen sensitization, or recurrent wheezing during the first three years of life. Early presence of circulating TSLP was significantly associated with reduced incidence of recurrent wheeze in those children not sensitized to aeroallergen. These findings suggest a possible underlying distinction between pathogenesis of developing atopic vs. non-atopic recurrent wheeze.
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Nwankwo C, Kattan M, Luan A, Wahl J. Development And External Validation Of A Risk Calculator For Predicting Anemia In Patients Treated With Triple Therapy (Tt) Containing Boceprevir (Boc), Pegylated Interferon And Ribavirin (Pr). VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A363. [PMID: 27200750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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