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Bano I, Ghauri MA, Arshad M, Yasin T, Younus M. Bioactivity of Variant Molecular Weight Chitosan Against Drug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Human Wounds. Microb Drug Resist 2017; 23:958-965. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2016.0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abbas T, Xu Z, Younus M, Qayyum A, Riaz MT. Seasonality in hospital admissions of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and its dependence on ambient temperature-empirical evidence from Pakistan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2017; 61:1893-1897. [PMID: 28455635 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-017-1359-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) has been reported from all provinces of Pakistan. Little is known about the seasonal variations in the disease and its association with weather conditions. In this study, we explored time-series data about monthly number of CCHF admissions (2007-2010) in three public sector hospitals of Quetta-the capital city of Baluchistan province of Pakistan. Cosinor analysis was carried out to investigate seasonality in the data. To assess the effect of average monthly ambient temperature (°C) on disease, a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was applied. Cosinor model revealed statistically significant seasonality in monthly number of CCHF patients admitted to the study hospitals. The estimated amplitude was 3.24 cases per month with phase in mid-June and low point in mid-December. DLNM confirmed nonlinear and delayed effect of temperature on hospital admissions. At a lag of 2 months, the cumulative relative risk was more than 1 at temperature at 18.37 °C and above. In addition, relative risk was significantly high at 60th (21.98 °C), 70th (24.50 °C), 80th (27.33 °C), and 90th (29.25 °C) percentiles of temperature (relative to median value, 18.37 °C). Inclusion of Eid-al-Adha as a predictor did not improve the fitness of DLNM. Based on our analysis, we concluded significant seasonality in CCHF hospital admissions. Our findings also suggested average monthly ambient temperature (°C) as a significant predictor of CCHF hospitalizations. DLNM presented in this study may be improved with inclusion of other possible time-varying predictors particularly meteorological conditions of this region.
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Youkhana K, Ismail-Sayed I, Younus M, Penupolu S. Exertional Dyspnea and New Onset Pulmonary Nodules in a 62-Year-Old Female With Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis. Chest 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.08.760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Nisa QU, Younus M, Rehman MU, Maqbool A, Khan I, Umar S. Pathological Alterations during Co-Infection of Newcastle Disease Virus with Escherichia coli in Broiler Chicken. PAK J ZOOL 2017. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/2017.49.6.1953.1961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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80
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Youkhana K, Lettich T, Younus M, Ismail-Sayed I, Penupolu S, Mehta Y. The Clinical Utility of Serum Procalcitonin as a Diagnostic Assay for Predicting Bacteremia in Patients With Sepsis. Chest 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.08.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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81
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Penupolu S, Younus M, Youkhana K, Ismail-Sayed I, Kataria K, Mehta Y. Defining the Problem: Is There Really a Difference in Patient Reintubation Rates Between Daytime vs Nighttime Endotracheal Extubation? Chest 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.08.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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82
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Younus M, Youkhana K, Ismail-Sayed I, Penupolu S. Multiple Left Thoracic Subpleural Nodules in a Patient With a History of Traumatic Splenectomy. Chest 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.08.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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83
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Jaleel S, Younus M, Idrees A, Arshad M, Khan AU, Ehtisham-Ul-Haque S, Zaheer MI, Tanweer M, Towakal F, Munibullah, Tipu MY, Sohail ML, Umar S. Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens. J Vet Res 2017; 61:253-258. [PMID: 29978081 PMCID: PMC5894427 DOI: 10.1515/jvetres-2017-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite the advancements in the field, there is a lack of data when it comes to co-infections in poultry. Therefore, this study was designed to address this issue. Material and Methods Broiler birds were experimentally infected with E. coli (O78) and low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) strain, alone or in combination. The experimental groups were negative control. Results The infected birds showed most severe clinical signs in E. coli+LPAI group along with a significant decrease in weight and enhanced macroscopic and microscopic pathological lesions. The survival rate was 60%, 84%, and 100% in birds inoculated with E. coli+LPAI, E. coli, and LPAI virus alone, respectively. The results showed that experimental co-infection with E. coli and H9N2 strain of LPAI virus increased the severity of clinical signs, mortality rate, and gross lesions. The HI titre against LPAI virus infection in the co-infected group was significantly higher than the HI titre of LPAI group, which may indicate that E. coli may promote propagation of H9N2 LPAI virus by alteration of immune response. Conclusion The present study revealed that co-infection with E. coli and H9N2 LPAI virus caused more serious synergistic pathogenic effects and indicates the role of both pathogens as complicating factors in poultry infections.
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Umar S, Iqbal M, Khan AH, Mushtaq A, Aqil K, Jamil T, Asif S, Qamar N, Shahzad A, Younus M. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection in red wattled lapwings (Vanellus indicus) in Pakistan - a case report. VET ARHIV 2017. [DOI: 10.24099/vet.arhiv.160519b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Umar S, Tanweer M, Iqbal M, Shahzad A, Hassan F, Usman M, Sarwar F, Qadir H, Asif S, Un-Nisa Q, Younus M, Ali A, Akbar M, Towakal F, Shah MA. RETRACTED: Mycoplasma synoviae vaccine modifies virus shedding and immune responses of avian influenza (H9N2) infection in commercial layers. Poult Sci 2017; 96:3086-3095. [PMID: 28854756 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). The authors retract the above paper due to: 1) conflict of interest among the authors; and 2) addition of co-author Dr. Muhammad Younus without his knowledge or permission. The authors apologize for these two grave mistakes.
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Bano I, Arshad M, Yasin T, Ghauri MA, Younus M. Chitosan: A potential biopolymer for wound management. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 102:380-383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Ishtiaq S, Akram M, Kamran SH, Hanif U, Afridi MSK, Sajid-ur-Rehman, Afzal A, Asif A, Younus M, Akbar S. Acute and sub-acute toxicity study of a Pakistani polyherbal formulation. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:387. [PMID: 28778156 PMCID: PMC5545041 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1889-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Herbology is the prevailing system among the nationally-accepted alternative or complementary systems of medicine. The system is due to its general and patient-oriented methodology, is widely used in the general population exposing them to the risk of the side effects of the herbal medicines. Method The aim of study was to assess the acute and sub-acute toxicity of the polyherbal formulation Hab-e-Kabad Noshadri tablets. In the acute arm of the study, a single dose of 2000 mg/kg was administered to Swiss Albino mice which were observed for physical symptoms and behavioral changes for 72 h. In sub-acute toxicity study repeated doses of the polyherbal preparation was administered to Wistar rats of both genders, separately. The animals received three doses of polyherbal product (50 mg/kg/day, 100 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day) for a period of 28 days. On 28th day of experiment, blood sampling of animals was done for hematological and biochemical analysis i.e. liver and renal function parameters, lipid profile and then sacrificed for histopathological examination of liver and kidney. Result There was no morbidity and mortality noticed with single dose administration in acute toxicity study in mice. In sub-acute toxicity study, morphological changes with some damage in liver and kidney tissues of male and female animals were recorded at dose of 100 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day. Conclusions It was found that prolonged use at higher dose i.e. 200 mg/kg/day of this polyherbal formulation should be avoided and practitioners should cautiously prescribe this formulation in patients with hepatic and renal impairment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1889-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Ghaffar A, Hussain R, Abbas G, Ahmad MN, Abbas A, Rahim Y, Younus M, Shahid M, Mohiuddin M. Sodium arsenate and/or urea differently affect clinical attributes, hemato-biochemistry and DNA damage in intoxicated commercial layer birds. TOXIN REV 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2017.1342096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Mahmood F, Khan A, Hussain R, Khan IA, Abbas RZ, Ali HM, Younus M. Patho-bacteriological investigation of an outbreak of Mycoplasma bovis infection in calves - Emerging stealth assault. Microb Pathog 2017; 107:404-408. [PMID: 28389347 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) is an important bacterium, causing severe respiratory infection, and arthritis in dairy animals worldwide. This study is based on 50 suckling calves among which 15 showed respiratory distress, lameness and swollen joints and died later. M. bovis was isolated and identified from all dead (n = 15) and live (17.14%; 06 out of 35) calves on the basis of bacteriological examination. In morbid calves, the carpus and stifle joints were severely affected, while necropsy revealed multiple well-circumscribed calcified abscesses and caseous exudates in cranio-ventral and diaphragmatic lobes of lungs. Suppurative polyarthritis, fibrino-suppurative, teno-synovitis and otitis media were the common and striking lesion observed at postmortem examination. Histopathological examination revealed broncho-interstitial pneumonia and necrotic fibrino-purulent broncho-pneumonia in lungs. Similarly, synovial membranes and joints revealed presence of multiple foci of liquefactive necrosis surrounded by lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages and peripheral fibroplasia. In the bacteriological investigations, the characteristic fried egg colonies of M. bovis further confirmed this infection in all suspected cases. In conclusion, the current clinico-histo-pathological features are the depictive picture, and is the first report of M. bovis infection in calves in Pakistan.
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Hussain F, Iqbal M, Shah SZ, Qamar MA, Bokhari TH, Abbas M, Younus M. Sunflower germination and growth behavior under various gamma radiation absorbed doses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chnaes.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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91
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Iqbal M, Nisar J, Adil M, Abbas M, Riaz M, Tahir MA, Younus M, Shahid M. Mutagenicity and cytotoxicity evaluation of photo-catalytically treated petroleum refinery wastewater using an array of bioassays. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 168:590-598. [PMID: 27839886 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Degradation and detoxification of petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) was carried out by advanced oxidation processes (UV/TiO2/H2O2 and gamma radiation/H2O2). Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the independent variables. The cytotoxicity was evaluated using Allium cepa, brime shrimp and haemolytic assays; whereas mutagenicity was tested by Ames tests (TA98 and TA100 strains). Maximum reductions in COD and BOD were recorded as 78% and 87% for UV/TiO2/H2O2 and 77% and 86% for gamma ray/H2O2, respectively. Treatments with both methods at optimized conditions reduced the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of PRW, however, UV/TiO2/H2O2 system was found slightly efficient as compared to gamma ray/H2O2. From the results, it can be concluded that AOP's can successfully be utilized for the degradation of toxic pollutants in petroleum refinery wastewater. Moreover, the bioassays used in this study offered a good reliability for checking the detoxification of treated and un-treated PRW wastewater.
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Sikandar A, Zaneb H, Younus M, Masood S, Aslam A, Khattak F, Ashraf S, Yousaf MS, Rehman H. Effect of sodium butyrate on performance, immune status, microarchitecture of small intestinal mucosa and lymphoid organs in broiler chickens. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017; 30:690-699. [PMID: 28111438 PMCID: PMC5411829 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to examine the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) on growth performance, immune status, organs weights, and microarchitecture of lymphoid organs and small intestine. Methods A total of 120, 1-d-old broiler chicks were distributed into the following four treatment groups: corn-soy based basal diet (BD) without supplement (control), or the same BD supplemented with 0.1 g/kg zinc bacitracin (ZnB), 0.5 g/kg SB (SB-0.5), or 1.0 g/kg SB (SB-1), respectively. Six birds/group were killed on d-21 and d-35, and samples were collected. Results Cell-mediated immune response at 48 h post-Phytohemagglutinin-P injection, and antibody titer against Newcastle disease vaccine and sheep red blood cells on d-35 was noted higher (p<0.05) in SB-1 compared to ZnB and control. Lower (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) was attained by the supplemented groups. Thymus and spleen weighed more (p<0.05) in SB-1, and bursa registered more (p<0.05) weight in both SB groups compared to control. On d-21, areas of thymus medulla and spleen germinal centers were noted higher (p<0.05) in SB-1 group. The villus height and villus surface area increased (p<0.05) in duodenum and jejunum in both SB groups on d-21, and in SB-1 on d-35, respectively compared to ZnB and control. On d-21, number of goblet cells containing mucins of acidic nature increased (p<0.05) in all the segments of small intestines in SB-1 group compared to control, and on d-35 in ileum compared to other groups. Conclusion In conclusion, SB improved growth performance and immunity as well as modulated morphology of lymphoid organs and gut mucosa in broiler chickens.
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Umar S, Younus M, Muti Ur Rehman, Aslam A, Shah MAA, Munir MT, Hussain S, Iqbal F, Fiaz M, Ullah S. Role of aflatoxin toxicity on transmissibility and pathogenicity of H9N2 avian influenza virus in turkeys. Avian Pathol 2016; 44:305-10. [PMID: 25932659 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2015.1046813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the role of aflatoxin on the infectivity and transmissibility of H9N2 AI virus. The experiment was performed on 80 non-vaccinated turkeys, divided into 4 groups of 20 birds each. Group A was kept as non-infected and a non-treated negative control; Group B was inoculated intratracheally with H9N2 AI virus (1 × 10(7) EID50) at 4 weeks of age; Group C was fed on a diet containing 0.5 ppm aflatoxin from Day 1 through the entire experiment period and Group D was fed on diet containing 0.5 ppm aflatoxin as for Group C but inoculated intratracheally with H9N2 AI virus (1 × 10(7) EID50) at the fourth week of age and then mixed with naïve birds. Infected and contact birds showed clinical signs of different severity, showing the most prominent disease signs in birds of the aflatoxin + H9N2 group. All infected birds showed virus shedding, however, the pattern of virus shedding was different for birds of the aflatoxin + H9N2 group showing pronounced virus secretion. Similarly, efficient transmission of virus was observed between infected and contact birds, but more prominent virus transmission was seen in those birds inoculated and fed aflatoxin-treated diet. Moreover, significantly lower antibody titres against H9N2 AIV were observed in birds fed aflatoxin-treated diet, indicating an immunotoxic nature of aflatoxin as the reason for poor seroconversion. Similarly, decreased IFNγ mRNA expression and higher mortality (35%) suggest an immunotoxic and immunosuppressive effect of aflatoxin leading to enhanced pathogenesis of H9N2 viruses in aflatoxin-fed birds. The immunosuppressive nature of aflatoxin might delay influenza virus clearance and this may be one of the reasons for increased pathogenicity of H9N2 LPAI viruses in turkeys under field conditions.
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Ahmed S, Rahman MM, Rabbi AR, Ahmed MK, Islam SS, Younus M, Chakraborty BB, Choudhury S, Ahmed S, Sultana N. Synthesis, characterization and liquid crystalline properties of a series of hydroxybiphenyl benzoate and biphenyl bis(benzoate). J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Umar S, Aqil K, Qayyum R, Younus M, Qamar-un-Nisa, Ali S, Shah MA, Irfan M, Usman M, Ali A, Ali A, Ayan A, Yaqoob M. Haematology and blood chemistry references values for clinically healthy red-wattled lapwing (Vanellus indicus). EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-016-1052-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Fatima S, Khan I, Nasir A, Younus M, Saqib M, Melzer F, Neubauer H, El-Adawy H. Serological, molecular detection and potential risk factors associated with camel brucellosis in Pakistan. Trop Anim Health Prod 2016; 48:1711-1718. [PMID: 27677292 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-016-1148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Brucellosis is one of the most important zoonoses in developing countries and was considered the most widespread zoonosis in the world. Brucellosis was reported in camels and has been reported from all camel-keeping countries.The present study was performed in three districts (Jhang, Chiniot, and Bhakkar) of Punjab province of Pakistan. A total of 200 camel (Camelus bactrianus) sera were collected using random and multistage cluster sampling from different areas. Fifty samples were collected from one organized governmental farm. One hundred fifty samples were collected randomly from nomadic/pastoral production systems. All sera were tested with Rose Bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT) and confirmed by ELISA. Genomic DNA was extracted from all serum samples and tested by real-time PCR. Various potential risk factors (season, rearing with other animals, and abortion or orchitis history) recorded through questionnaires were statistically analyzed by Chi-square test.In total, 5 % of investigated sera were positive by RBPT. Only 2 % of the camel sera were CELISA positive. Brucella abortus DNA was detected in 1.5 % of the investigated animals. Season, rearing of camels with other ruminants, abortion, and orchitis history were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05) disease for determinants.Camel brucellosis is a zoonotic disease in the Pakistani Punjab with various risk factors maintaining and perpetuating its spread. Therefore, there is a need for implementing control measures and raising public health awareness in prevention of brucellosis in Pakistan.
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Huq MM, Robiur Rahman M, Naher M, Khan MMR, Masud MK, Hossain GMG, Zhu N, Lo YH, Younus M, Wong WY. Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activities of Palladium(II) Nitroaryl Complexes. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-016-0434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Umar S, Shah MAA, Munir MT, Yaqoob M, Fiaz M, Anjum S, Kaboudi K, Bouzouaia M, Younus M, Nisa Q, Iqbal M, Umar W. RETRACTED: Synergistic effects of thymoquinone and curcumin on immune response and anti-viral activity against avian influenza virus (H9N2) in turkeys. Poult Sci 2016; 95:1513-1520. [PMID: 26944958 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). The authors retract the above paper due to: 1) conflict of interest among the authors; and 2) addition of coauthor Dr. Muhammad Younus without his knowledge or permission. The authors apologize for these two grave mistakes.
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Akhtar R, Khan I, Melzer F, Neubauer H, Anjumn AA, Younus M, Aslam A, Imran S. Differential antibrucella activity of bovine and murine macrophages. INDIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:452-456. [PMID: 29466623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Brucella abortus is. an intracellular pathogen affecting macrophages. Macrophages release some antibrucella componen such as lysozymes (LZ), reactive-oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrite intermediates (RNI) which prevent intracellul survival of Brucella. The present study compared the antibrucella activity of bovine and murine macrophages followir stimulation with B. abortus lipopolysaccharides. Our results revealed increased production of these antibrucella substanci in murine macrophages as compared to bovine macrophages. The differential production of these antibrucella componen explained the differential B. abortus killing ability of these species (bovine and mice) that was measured in terms intramacrophagic survival of Brucellae in murine and bovine macrophages.
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Younus M, Abbas T, Zafar M, Raza S, Khan A, Saleem AH, Idrees MA, Nisa QU, Akhtar R, Saleem G. Assessment of heavy metal contamination in raw milk for human consumption. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v46i2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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