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Zhi Y, Zhao X, Liu Z, Shen G, Zhang T, Zhang T, Hu G. Oxymatrine Modulation of TLR3 Signaling: A Dual-Action Mechanism for H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus Defense and Immune Regulation. Molecules 2024; 29:1945. [PMID: 38731436 PMCID: PMC11085666 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In our research, we explored a natural substance called Oxymatrine, found in a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, to fight against a common bird flu virus known as H9N2. This virus not only affects birds but can also pose a threat to human health. We focused on how this natural compound can help in stopping the virus from spreading in cells that line the lungs of birds and potentially humans. Our findings show that Oxymatrine can both directly block the virus and boost the body's immune response against it. This dual-action mechanism is particularly interesting because it indicates that Oxymatrine might be a useful tool in developing new ways to prevent and treat this type of bird flu. Understanding how Oxymatrine works against the H9N2 virus could lead to safer and more natural ways to combat viral infections in animals and humans, contributing to the health and well-being of society. The H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) is a persistent health threat because of its rapid mutation rate and the limited efficacy of vaccines, underscoring the urgent need for innovative therapies. This study investigated the H9N2 AIV antiviral properties of Oxymatrine (OMT), a compound derived from traditional Chinese medicine, particularly focusing on its interaction with pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs). Employing an array of in vitro assays, including 50% tissue culture infectious dose, Cell Counting Kit-8, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot, we systematically elucidated the multifaceted effects of OMT. OMT dose-dependently inhibited critical antiviral proteins (PKR and Mx1) and modulated the expression of type I interferons and key cytokines (IFN-α, IFN-β, IL-6, and TNF-α), thereby affecting TLR3 signaling and its downstream elements (NF-κB and IRF-3). OMT's antiviral efficacy extended beyond TLR3-mediated responses, suggesting its potential as a versatile antiviral agent. This study not only contributes to the growing body of research on the use of natural compounds as antiviral agents but also underscores the importance of further investigating the broader application of OMT for combating viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ge Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (G.S.); (T.Z.); (T.Z.)
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Wang J, Prinz RA, Liu X, Xu X. In Vitro and In Vivo Antiviral Activity of Gingerenone A on Influenza A Virus Is Mediated by Targeting Janus Kinase 2. Viruses 2020; 12:v12101141. [PMID: 33050000 PMCID: PMC7650803 DOI: 10.3390/v12101141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have been developed as novel immunomodulatory drugs and primarily used for treating rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have suggested that this category of anti-inflammatory drugs could be potentially useful for the control of inflammation "storms" in respiratory virus infections. In addition to their role in regulating immune cell functions, JAK1 and JAK2 have been recently identified as crucial cellular factors involved in influenza A virus (IAV) replication and could be potentially targeted for antiviral therapy. Gingerenone A (Gin A) is a compound derived from ginger roots and a dual inhibitor of JAK2 and p70 S6 kinase (S6K1). Our present study aimed to determine the antiviral activity of Gin A on influenza A virus (IAV) and to understand its mechanisms of action. Here, we reported that Gin A suppressed the replication of three IAV subtypes (H1N1, H5N1, H9N2) in four cell lines. IAV replication was also inhibited by Ruxolitinib (Rux), a JAK inhibitor, but not by PF-4708671, an S6K1 inhibitor. JAK2 overexpression enhanced H5N1 virus replication and attenuated Gin A-mediated antiviral activity. In vivo experiments revealed that Gin A treatment suppressed IAV replication in the lungs of H5N1 virus-infected mice, alleviated their body weight loss, and prolonged their survival. Our study suggests that Gin A restricts IAV replication by inhibiting JAK2 activity; Gin A could be potentially useful for the control of influenza virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongjiong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Richard A. Prinz
- Department of Surgery, Northshore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA;
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiulong Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-514-8797-7382
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Lee BW, Ha TKQ, Cho HM, An JP, Kim SK, Kim CS, Kim E, Oh WK. Antiviral activity of furanocoumarins isolated from Angelica dahurica against influenza a viruses H1N1 and H9N2. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 259:112945. [PMID: 32389854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Angelica dahurica (Hoffm.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Franch. & Sav. (Umbelliferae family) is an herbaceous, perennial plant native to northern and eastern Asia. The root of A. dahurica has traditionally been used under the name "Bai Zhi" as a medicinal plant for colds, dizziness, ulcers, and rheumatism. Moreover, it is also an important ingredient of various prescriptions, such as Gumiganghwal-Tang, for the common cold and influenza. AIM OF THE STUDY Even though various biological activities of the root of A. dahurica have been reported along with its chemical components, the detailed mechanism of how it exerts anti-influenza activity at the compound level has not been studied. Therefore, we investigated the anti-influenza properties of furanocoumarins purified by bioactivity-guided isolation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bioactivity-guided isolation from a 70% EtOH extract of the root of A. dahurica was performed to produce four active furanocoumarins. The inhibition of cytopathic effects (CPEs) was evaluated to ascertain the antiviral activity of these compounds against influenza A (H1N1 and H9N2) viruses. The most potent compound was subjected to detailed mechanistic studies such as the inhibition of viral protein synthesis, CPE inhibition in different phases of the viral replication cycle, neuraminidase (NA) inhibition, antiapoptotic activity using flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS The bioactivity-guided isolation produced four active furanocoumarins, isoimperatorin (1), oxypeucedanin (2), oxypeucedanin hydrate (3) and imperatorin (4) from the n-BuOH fraction. Among them, compound 2 (followed by compounds 1, 4 and 3) showed a significant CPE inhibition effect, which was stronger than that of the positive control ribavirin, against both H1N1 and H9N2 with an EC50 (μM) of 5.98 ± 0.71 and 4.52 ± 0.39, respectively. Compound 2 inhibited the synthesis of NA and nucleoprotein (NP) in a dose-dependent manner. In the time course assays, the cytopathic effects of influenza A-infected MDCK cells were reduced by 80-90% when treated with compound 2 for 1 and 2 h after infection and declined drastically 3 h after infection. The level of viral NA and NP production was markedly reduced to less than 20% for both proteins in compound 2 (20 μM)-treated cells compared to untreated cells at 2 h after infection. In the molecular docking analysis, compound 2 showed a stronger binding affinity for the C-terminus of polymerase acidic protein (PAC; -36.28 kcal/mol) than the other two polymerase subunits. Compound 2 also exerted an antiapoptotic effect on virus infected cells and significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of caspase-3 and Bax. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that compound 2 might exert anti-influenza A activity via the inhibition of the early phase of the viral replication cycle, not direct neutralization of surface proteins, such as hemagglutinin and NA, and abnormal apoptosis induced by virus infection. Taken together, these findings suggest that furanocoumarins predominant in A. dahurica play a pivotal role in its antiviral activity. These findings can also explain the reasons for the ethnopharmacological uses of this plant as an important ingredient in many antiviral prescriptions in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ba Wool Lee
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Kim Quy Ha
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; College of Natural Sciences, Cantho University, Campus II, Cantho City, Viet Nam
| | - Hyo Moon Cho
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Pyo An
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kyun Kim
- Choong Ang Vaccine Laboratory, 1476-37, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34055, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong-Sik Kim
- Choong Ang Vaccine Laboratory, 1476-37, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34055, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhee Kim
- Choong Ang Vaccine Laboratory, 1476-37, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34055, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Keun Oh
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Kim J, Yeom M, Lee T, Kim HO, Na W, Kang A, Lim JW, Park G, Park C, Song D, Haam S. Porous gold nanoparticles for attenuating infectivity of influenza A virus. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:54. [PMID: 32209114 PMCID: PMC7092597 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00611-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza viruses (IVs) have become increasingly resistant to antiviral drugs that target neuraminidase and matrix protein 2 due to gene mutations that alter their drug-binding target protein regions. Consequently, almost all recent IV pandemics have exhibited resistance to commercial antiviral vaccines. To overcome this challenge, an antiviral target is needed that is effective regardless of genetic mutations. MAIN BODY In particular, hemagglutinin (HA), a highly conserved surface protein across many IV strains, could be an effective antiviral target as it mediates binding of IVs with host cell receptors, which is crucial for membrane fusion. HA has 6 disulfide bonds that can easily bind with the surfaces of gold nanoparticles. Herein, we fabricated porous gold nanoparticles (PoGNPs) via a surfactant-free emulsion method that exhibited strong affinity for disulfide bonds due to gold-thiol interactions, and provided extensive surface area for these interactions. A remarkable decrease in viral infectivity was demonstrated by increased cell viability results after exposing MDCK cells to various IV strains (H1N1, H3N2, and H9N2) treated with PoGNP. Most of all, the viability of MDCK cells infected with all IV strains increased to 96.8% after PoGNP treatment of the viruses compared to 33.9% cell viability with non-treated viruses. Intracellular viral RNA quantification by real-time RT-PCR also confirmed that PoGNP successfully inhibited viral membrane fusion by blocking the viral entry process through conformational deformation of HA. CONCLUSION We believe that the technique described herein can be further developed for PoGNP-utilized antiviral protection as well as metal nanoparticle-based therapy to treat viral infection. Additionally, facile detection of IAV can be achieved by developing PoGNP as a multiplatform for detection of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seoul, 120-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Minjoo Yeom
- Department of Pharmacy, Korea University College of Pharmacy, Sejong-ro 2511, Sejong, 30019 Republic of Korea
| | - Taeksu Lee
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34103 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ouk Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Korea University College of Pharmacy, Sejong-ro 2511, Sejong, 30019 Republic of Korea
| | - Woonsung Na
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Aram Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, Korea University College of Pharmacy, Sejong-ro 2511, Sejong, 30019 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Woo Lim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seoul, 120-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Geunseon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seoul, 120-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Chaewon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seoul, 120-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Daesub Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Korea University College of Pharmacy, Sejong-ro 2511, Sejong, 30019 Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjoo Haam
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seoul, 120-749 Republic of Korea
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Zhang X, Xia Y, Yang L, He J, Li Y, Xia C. Brevilin A, a Sesquiterpene Lactone, Inhibits the Replication of Influenza A Virus In Vitro and In Vivo. Viruses 2019; 11:v11090835. [PMID: 31500389 PMCID: PMC6783993 DOI: 10.3390/v11090835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the emergence of drug-resistant strains of influenza A viruses (IAV), new antivirals are needed to supplement the existing counter measures against IAV infection. We have previously shown that brevilin A, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from C. minima, suppresses the infection of influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) in vitro. Here, we further investigate the antiviral activity and mode of action of brevilin A against different IAV subtypes. Brevilin A inhibited the replication of influenza A H1N1, H3N2, and H9N2 viruses in vitro. The suppression effect of brevilin A was observed as early as 4-8 hours post infection (hpi). Furthermore, we determined that brevilin A inhibited viral replication in three aspects, including viral RNA (vRNA) synthesis, expression of viral mRNA, and protein encoded from the M and NS segments, and nuclear export of viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs). The anti-IAV activity of brevilin A was further confirmed in mice. A delayed time-to-death with 50% surviving up to 14 days post infection was obtained with brevilin A (at a dose of 25 mg/kg) treated animals compared to the control cohorts. Together, these results are encouraging for the exploration of sesquiterpene lactones with similar structure to brevilin A as potential anti-influenza therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage
- Crotonates/administration & dosage
- Female
- Humans
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/drug effects
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/physiology
- Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/drug effects
- Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/physiology
- Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/drug effects
- Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/physiology
- Influenza, Human/drug therapy
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Sesquiterpenes/administration & dosage
- Virus Replication/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yiping Xia
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaolan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuan Xia
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China.
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Cho HM, Doan TP, Ha TKQ, Kim HW, Lee BW, Pham HTT, Cho TO, Oh WK. Dereplication by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectroscopy (qTOF-MS) and Antiviral Activities of Phlorotannins from Ecklonia cava. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E149. [PMID: 30836593 PMCID: PMC6471242 DOI: 10.3390/md17030149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecklonia cava is edible seaweed that is found in Asian countries, such as Japan and Korea; and, its major components include fucoidan and phlorotannins. Phlorotannins that are isolated from E. cava are well-known to have an antioxidant effect and strong antiviral activity against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), which has a high mortality rate in piglets. In this study, the bioactive components were determined based on two different approaches: (i) bio-guided isolation using the antiviral activity against the H1N1 viral strain, which is a representative influenza virus that originates from swine and (ii) high-resolution mass spectrometry-based dereplication, including relative mass defects (RMDs) and HPLC-qTOFMS fragmentation analysis. The EC70 fraction showed the strongest antiviral activity and contained thirteen phlorotannins, which were predicted by dereplication. Ten compounds were directly isolated from E. cava extract and then identified. Moreover, the dereplication method allowed for the discovery of two new phlorotannins. The structures of these two isolated compounds were elucidated using NMR techniques and HPLC-qTOFMS fragmentation analysis. In addition, molecular modelling was applied to determine the absolute configurations of the two new compounds. The antiviral activities of seven major phlorotannins in active fraction were evaluated against two influenza A viral strains (H1N1 and H9N2). Six of the compounds showed moderate to strong effects on both of the viruses and phlorofucofuroeckol A (12), which showed an EC50 value of 13.48 ± 1.93 μM, is a potential active antiviral component of E. cava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Moon Cho
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Thi Phuong Doan
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Thi Kim Quy Ha
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Hyun Woo Kim
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Ba Wool Lee
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Ha Thanh Tung Pham
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Tae Oh Cho
- Marine Bio Research Center, Department of Life Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea.
| | - Won Keun Oh
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Colombo C, Podlipnik Č, Lo Presti L, Niikura M, Bennet AJ, Bernardi A. Design and synthesis of constrained bicyclic molecules as candidate inhibitors of influenza A neuraminidase. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193623. [PMID: 29489903 PMCID: PMC5831633 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of drug-resistant influenza A virus strains motivates the development of new antiviral drugs, with different structural motifs and substitution. Recently, we explored the use of a bicyclic (bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane) analogue of sialic acid that was designed to mimic the conformation adopted during enzymatic cleavage within the neuraminidase (NA; sialidase) active site. Given that our first series of compounds were at least four orders of magnitude less active than available drugs, we hypothesized that the new carbon skeleton did not elicit the same interactions as the cyclohexene frameworks used previously. Herein, we tried to address this critical point with the aid of molecular modeling and we proposed new structures with different functionalization, such as the introduction of free ammonium and guanidinium groups and ether side chains other than the 3-pentyl side chain, the characteristic side chain in Oseltamivir. A highly simplified synthetic route was developed, starting from the cyclopropanation of cyclopentenone and followed by an aziridination and further functionalization of the five-member ring. This allowed the efficient preparation of a small library of new bicyclic ligands that were characterized by enzyme inhibition assays against influenza A neuraminidases N1, its H274Y mutant, and N2. The results show that none of the new structural variants synthesized, including those containing guanidinium groups rather than free ammonium ions, displayed activity against influenza A neuraminidases at concentrations less than 2 mM. We conclude that the choice and positioning of functional groups on the bicyclo[3.1.0]hexyl system still need to be properly tuned for producing complementary interactions within the catalytic site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Colombo
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Milano, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Črtomir Podlipnik
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Leonardo Lo Presti
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Milano, Italy
| | - Masahiro Niikura
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew J. Bennet
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anna Bernardi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Milano, Italy
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Pandey RP, Kim DH, Woo J, Song J, Jang SH, Kim JB, Cheong KM, Oh JS, Sohng JK. Broad-spectrum neutralization of avian influenza viruses by sialylated human milk oligosaccharides: in vivo assessment of 3'-sialyllactose against H9N2 in chickens. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2563. [PMID: 29416087 PMCID: PMC5803236 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20955-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Two sialylated human milk oligosaccharides (SHMOs) 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) and 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL) were accessed for their possible antiviral activity against six different subtypes of thirteen avian influenza (AI) viruses in vitro. 3'-SL exhibited promising antiviral activity against almost all subtypes of tested AI viruses in hemagglutination inhibition assay, whereas 6'-SL showed activity against few selected H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2 subtype strains. 3'-SL has minimum inhibitory concentration values of 15.62 mM or less in more than half of the viruses examined. 3'-SL also showed effective inactivation of H9N2 Korea isolate (A/Chicken/Korea/MS96/1996) at 12.5 mM concentration in Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cell line. Thus, 3'-SL was further studied for in vivo study against H9N2 virus in pathogen free chicken experiment models. In vivo study exhibited improved clinical symptoms on H9N2 infected chickens when treated with 3'-SL. Moreover, treating chickens with 3'-SL resulted in complete elimination of H9N2 viruses within 24 h of virus infection (0.8 HAU of H9N2). Indirect ELISA assay confirmed complete wash-out of H9N2 viruses from the colon after neutralization by 3'-SL without entering the blood stream. These in vivo results open up possible applications of 3'-SL for the prevention of AI virus infections in birds by a simple cleansing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Prasad Pandey
- Institute of Biomolecule Reconstruction, Department of BT-Convergent Pharmaceutical Engineering and Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam, 31460, Korea
| | - Dae Hee Kim
- GeneChem Inc., 59-5 Jang-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-343, Korea
| | - Jinsuk Woo
- GeneChem Inc., 59-5 Jang-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-343, Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Song
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA) 175 Anynag-ro Manan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 430-757, Korea
| | - Sang Ho Jang
- Median Diagnostics Inc., 878, Sunhwan-daero, Dongnae-myeon, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Joon Bae Kim
- Median Diagnostics Inc., 878, Sunhwan-daero, Dongnae-myeon, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Kwang Myun Cheong
- Median Diagnostics Inc., 878, Sunhwan-daero, Dongnae-myeon, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Jin Sik Oh
- Median Diagnostics Inc., 878, Sunhwan-daero, Dongnae-myeon, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Sohng
- Institute of Biomolecule Reconstruction, Department of BT-Convergent Pharmaceutical Engineering and Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam, 31460, Korea.
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Guan W, Li J, Chen Q, Jiang Z, Zhang R, Wang X, Yang Z, Pan X. Pterodontic Acid Isolated from Laggera pterodonta Inhibits Viral Replication and Inflammation Induced by Influenza A Virus. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101738. [PMID: 29035328 PMCID: PMC6151737 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Laggera pterodonta (DC.) Benth. is a traditional Chinese medicine. The previous study revealed that the crude extracts of this herb could inhibit influenza virus infection, but its anti-influenza components and underlying mechanism of action remain unknown. Column chromatography was performed to isolate components from the plant. Activity against influenza virus of the compound was determined by CPE inhibition assay. Neuraminidase (NA) inhibition was measured by chemiluminescence assay. The anti-virus and anti-inflammation effects were determined using dual-luciferase reporter assay, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR and luminex assay. Pterodontic acid was isolated from L. pterodonta, which showed selective anti-viral activities to H1 subtype of human influenza A virus. Meanwhile, the NA activity was not obviously inhibited by the compound. Further experiments exhibited that the compound can suppress the activation of NF-κB signal pathway and export of viral RNP complexes from the nucleus. In addition, it can significantly attenuate expression of the pro-inflammatory molecules IL-6, MIP-1β, MCP-1, and IP-10 induced by human influenza A virus (H1N1) and similarly downregulate expression of cytokines and chemokines induced by avian influenza A virus (H9N2). This study showed that in vitro antiviral activity of pterodontic acid is most probably associated with inhibiting the replication of influenza A virus by blocking nuclear export of viral RNP complexes, and attenuating the inflammatory response by inhibiting activation of the NF-κB pathway. Pterodontic acid might be a potential antiviral agent against influenza A virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenda Guan
- Tropical Medicine Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Qiaolian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Zhihong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR) 519020, China.
| | - Rongping Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Xinhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR) 519020, China.
| | - Xiping Pan
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
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Rasool A, Khan MUR, Ali MA, Anjum AA, Ahmed I, Aslam A, Mustafa G, Masood S, Ali MA, Nawaz M. Anti-avian influenza virus H9N2 activity of aqueous extracts of Zingiber officinalis (Ginger) and Allium sativum (Garlic) in chick embryos. Pak J Pharm Sci 2017; 30:1341-1344. [PMID: 29039335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, anti-Avian influenza virus H9N2 activity of aqueous extracts (5, 10, 15, 20, 25%) of Zingiber officinalis and Allium sativum was evaluated. Embryo-toxicity was evaluated by histopathological scoring of Chorio-allantoic membrane of chick embryos. Cytotoxicity of extracts was determined by MTT assay on Vero cells. Aqueous extract of ginger had antiviral activity at 10, 15, 20 and 25% while garlic had activity at 15, 20 and 25%. Histopathological scoring of chorio-allantoic membrane for aqueous extracts (5, 10, 15, 20, 25%) of ginger (0.66±0.57, 1.33±0.57, 1.66±0.57, 2.66±0.57, 3.66±0.57, respectively) and garlic (1.00±0.00, 1.33±0.57, 2.00±0.00, 2.33±0.57, 3.66±0.57, respectively) was concentration dependant. MTT assay revealed cytotoxicity of both plants was also concentration dependent. Extracts of ginger (5, 10, 15, 20, 25%) had lower cytotoxicity (71, 59, 28, 22, 0 % cell survival, respectively) as compared to garlic (61, 36. 20, 11, 3% cell survival, respectively). Overall results revealed that concentration of aqueous extract of ginger (10%), showing antiviral activity against H9N2, was less toxic to vero cells (> 50% cell survival). It is insinuated that ginger may have anti- Avian influenza virus H9N2 potential and its active compounds needs further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Rasool
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muti-Ur-Rehman Khan
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asad Ali
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmad Anjum
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ishtiaq Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asim Aslam
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saima Masood
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amjad Ali
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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11
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Zhang A, Lai H, Xu J, Huang W, Liu Y, Zhao D, Chen R. Evaluation of the Protective Efficacy of Poly I:C as an Adjuvant for H9N2 Subtype Avian Influenza Inactivated Vaccine and Its Mechanism of Action in Ducks. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170681. [PMID: 28135294 PMCID: PMC5279746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current commercial H9 avian influenza vaccines cannot provide satisfactory protective immunity against antigenic variant influenza viruses in ducks. Poly I:C, when used as an adjuvant, improves humoral and cellular immunity in many animals but has not been tested in ducks. In this study, we investigated the protective efficacy of Poly I:C as an adjuvant for an inactivated H9N2 Avian influenza vaccine in ducks. We found that an H9N2 vaccine administered with poly I:C (H9-PIC vaccine) induced a significantly more rapid response with higher anti-influenza antibody titers than those of the vaccine alone (H9 vaccine). Moreover, virus shedding was reduced in ducks immunized with the H9-PIC vaccine after challenge with an H9 subtype antigenic variant viruses. IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-6 and MHC-II mRNA levels were all elevated in ducks receiving the H9-PIC vaccine. In addition, lower expression level of MHC-I may be a reason for inefficient protective ability against heterologous influenza viruses in H9-PIC vaccination of ducks. In conclusion, poly I:C adjuvant enhanced both humoral and cellular immune responses in ducks induced by immunization of inactivated H9N2 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiguo Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hanzhang Lai
- Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory of Biotechnology R&D of Veterinary Biologics, Guangdong, Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiahua Xu
- Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory of Biotechnology R&D of Veterinary Biologics, Guangdong, Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenke Huang
- Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory of Biotechnology R&D of Veterinary Biologics, Guangdong, Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yufu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dawei Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ruiai Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Li Z, Li L, Zhou H, Zeng L, Chen T, Chen Q, Zhou B, Wang Y, Chen Q, Hu P, Yang Z. Radix isatidis Polysaccharides Inhibit Influenza a Virus and Influenza A Virus-Induced Inflammation via Suppression of Host TLR3 Signaling In Vitro. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010116. [PMID: 28085062 PMCID: PMC6155848 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza remains one of the major epidemic diseases worldwide, and rapid virus replication and collateral lung tissue damage caused by excessive pro-inflammatory host immune cell responses lead to high mortality rates. Thus, novel therapeutic agents that control influenza A virus (IAV) propagation and attenuate excessive pro-inflammatory responses are needed. Polysaccharide extract from Radix isatidis, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, exerted potent anti-IAV activity against human seasonal influenza viruses (H1N1 and H3N2) and avian influenza viruses (H6N2 and H9N2) in vitro. The polysaccharides also significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6) and chemokines (IP-10, MIG, and CCL-5) stimulated by A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) at a range of doses (7.5 mg/mL, 15 mg/mL, and 30 mg/mL); however, they were only effective against progeny virus at a high dose. Similar activity was detected against inflammation induced by avian influenza virus H9N2. The polysaccharides strongly inhibited the protein expression of TLR-3 induced by PR8, suggesting that they impair the upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors induced by IAV by inhibiting activation of the TLR-3 signaling pathway. The polysaccharide extract from Radix isatidis root therefore has the potential to be used as an adjunct to antiviral therapy for the treatment of IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Li Li
- The First Hospital of Yulin, Yuxi Da Dao Road, Yulin 719000, China.
| | - Hongxia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Lijuan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Tingting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Qiaolian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Beixian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Yutao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Qiaoyan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Traditinal Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510180, China.
| | - Ping Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
- Macau University of Science and Technology, AvenidaWai Long, Taipa, Macau 519020, China.
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13
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Shanmuganatham KK, Jones JC, Marathe BM, Feeroz MM, Jones-Engel L, Walker D, Turner J, Rabiul Alam SM, Kamrul Hasan M, Akhtar S, Seiler P, McKenzie P, Krauss S, Webby RJ, Webster RG. The replication of Bangladeshi H9N2 avian influenza viruses carrying genes from H7N3 in mammals. Emerg Microbes Infect 2016; 5:e35. [PMID: 27094903 PMCID: PMC4855072 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2016.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
H9N2 avian influenza viruses are continuously monitored by the World Health Organization because they are endemic; they continually reassort with H5N1, H7N9 and H10N8 viruses; and they periodically cause human infections. We characterized H9N2 influenza viruses carrying internal genes from highly pathogenic H7N3 viruses, which were isolated from chickens or quail from live-bird markets in Bangladesh between 2010 and 2013. All of the H9N2 viruses used in this study carried mammalian host-specific mutations. We studied their replication kinetics in normal human bronchoepithelial cells and swine tracheal and lung explants, which exhibit many features of the mammalian airway epithelium and serve as a mammalian host model. All H9N2 viruses replicated to moderate-to-high titers in the normal human bronchoepithelial cells and swine lung explants, but replication was limited in the swine tracheal explants. In Balb/c mice, the H9N2 viruses were nonlethal, replicated to moderately high titers and the infection was confined to the lungs. In the ferret model of human influenza infection and transmission, H9N2 viruses possessing the Q226L substitution in hemagglutinin replicated well without clinical signs and spread via direct contact but not by aerosol. None of the H9N2 viruses tested were resistant to the neuraminidase inhibitors. Our study shows that the Bangladeshi H9N2 viruses have the potential to infect humans and highlights the importance of monitoring and characterizing this influenza subtype to better understand the potential risk these viruses pose to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeremy C Jones
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Bindumadhav M Marathe
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Mohammed M Feeroz
- Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Lisa Jones-Engel
- National Primate Research Center University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-5502, USA
| | - David Walker
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jasmine Turner
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - S M Rabiul Alam
- Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - M Kamrul Hasan
- Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Sharmin Akhtar
- Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Patrick Seiler
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Pamela McKenzie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Scott Krauss
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Richard J Webby
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Robert G Webster
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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14
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Song L, Chen X, Liu X, Zhang F, Hu L, Yue Y, Li K, Li P. Characterization and Comparison of the Structural Features, Immune-Modulatory and Anti-Avian Influenza Virus Activities Conferred by Three Algal Sulfated Polysaccharides. Mar Drugs 2015; 14:4. [PMID: 26729137 PMCID: PMC4728501 DOI: 10.3390/md14010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Three marine macroalgae, i.e., Grateloupia filicina, Ulva pertusa and Sargassum qingdaoense, were selected as the deputies of Rhodophyta, Chlorophyta and Ochrophyta for comparative analysis of the molecular structures and biological activities of sulfated polysaccharides (SP). The ratio of water-soluble polysaccharides, the monosaccharide composition and the sulfated contents of three extracted SPs were determined, and their structures were characterized by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy. In addition, biological activity analysis showed that all three SPs had immune-modulatory activity both in vitro and in vivo, and SPs from S. qingdaoense had the best effect. Further bioassays showed that three SPs could not only enhance the immunity level stimulated by inactivated avian influenza virus (AIV) in vivo but also significantly inhibited the activity of activated AIV (H9N2 subtype) in vitro. G. filicina SP exhibited the strongest anti-AIV activity. These results revealed the variations in structural features and bioactivities among three SPs and indicated the potential adjuvants for immune-enhancement and anti-AIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Song
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agriculture University, No.700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Fubo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agriculture University, No.700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Linfeng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Yang Yue
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Kecheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
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15
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Li J, Zhou B, Li C, Chen Q, Wang Y, Li Z, Chen T, Yang C, Jiang Z, Zhong N, Yang Z, Chen R. Lariciresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside from the root of Isatis indigotica inhibits influenza A virus-induced pro-inflammatory response. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 174:379-86. [PMID: 26320688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Isatis indigotica is a traditional Chinese medicine. Its dried roots named "ban lan gen" in Chinese, are used for clinical treatment of virus infection, tumor, inflammation with a long history. However, its anti-influenza active ingredient and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. In this study, the anti-influenza and anti-inflammatory effects of a lignan glycoside: lariciresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside isolated from the root of I. indigotica on human alveolar epithelial cell line A549 infected with influenza A virus were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemical and spectroscopic methods were employed to identify the structure of the lignan glycoside. Cytotoxicity of the lignan glycoside was analyzed using methylthiazolyltetrazolium (MTT) assay. The inhibitory activity against influenza virus of the lignan was determined by CPE inhibition assay. HEK-293 cells stably co-transfected with NF-κB responsive firefly luciferase and constitutively expressing GFP were employed for monitoring the effect of the lignan on NF-κB signal pathway activation. Nuclear export of viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes was monitored by indirect immunofluorescence. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to quantify the expression profiling of cytokines and chemokines after infection with influenza virus. RESULTS We showed that the lignan glycoside treatment was effective against the influenza A virus-induced cytopathic effect (CPE) in MDCK cells. Further study demonstrated the lignan glycoside attenuated virus-induced NF-κB activation, but did not affect export of viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes from the nucleus in late stages of infection. We revealed that the lignan glycoside suppressed influenza A virus (H1N1)-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory molecules IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, MCP-1, IP-10 and IFN-α. Moreover, the cytokines and chemokines profiles induced by H9N2 virus resembled those of influenza virus H1N1, but the lignan glycoside reduced the expression of IP-10 and TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the lignan glycoside is a bioactive component of I. indigotica which may contribute an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for influenza virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Beixian Zhou
- Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau S.A.R
| | - Chufang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - QiaoYan Chen
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yutao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Zhengtu Li
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | | | - Zhihong Jiang
- Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau S.A.R
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China; Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau S.A.R
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China; Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau S.A.R..
| | - Rongchang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China.
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16
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Wang C, Guo X, Li X, Wu T, Li D, Chen P. [Expression and adjuvant effects of the fusion peptide TBP5]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2015; 31:648-658. [PMID: 26571686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thymopentin (TP5) and bursopentin (BP5) are both immunopotentiators. To explore whether the TP5-BP5 fusion peptide (TBP5) has adjuvant activity or not, we cloned the TBP5 gene and confirmed that the TBP5 gene in a recombinant prokaryotic expression plasmid was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. TBP5 significantly promoted the proliferation of thymic and splenic lymphocytes of mice. The potential adjuvant activity of the TBP5 was examined in mice by coinjecting TBP5 and H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) inactivated vaccine. HI antibody titers, HA antibodies and cytokines levels (IL-4 and IFN-γ) were determined. We found that TBP5 markedly elevated serum HI titers and HA antibody levels, induced the secretion of both IL-4 and IFN-γ cytokines. Furthermore, virus challenge experiments confirmed that TBP5 contributed to inhibition replication of the virus [H9N2 AIV (A/chicken/Jiangsu/NJ07/05)] from mouse lungs. Altogether, these findings suggest that TBP5 may be an effective adjuvant for avian vaccine and that this study provides a reference for further research on new vaccine adjuvants.
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Shehata AA, Parvin R, Sultan H, Halami MY, Talaat S, Abd Elrazek A, Ibrahim M, Heenemann K, Vahlenkamp T. Isolation and full genome characterization of avian influenza subtype H9N2 from poultry respiratory disease outbreak in Egypt. Virus Genes 2015; 50:389-400. [PMID: 25782728 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-015-1188-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Low pathogenic avian influenza virus of subtype H9N2 is panzootic in multiple avian species causing respiratory manifestations and severe economic losses. H9N2 co-circulate simultaneously with high pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 in Egyptian chicken farms suggesting the possibility of reassortment. The aim of the present study was to isolate and characterize H9N2 from the recent outbreaks in chicken farms. Also the diversity of amantadine-resistant mutants among these isolates was tested by in situ ELISA and sequence analysis. Three influenza H9N2 viruses, designated A/chicken/Egypt/SCU8/2014, A/chicken/Egypt/SCU9/2014 and A/chicken/Egypt/SCU20/2014 were isolated from commercial broiler and broiler breeder chickens in specific pathogen free embryonated chicken eggs. The eight gene segments were amplified by RT-PCR, cloned, and subjected to full length sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of these viruses revealed a close relationship between Egyptian, Middle Eastern and Israel isolates with an average of 96-99 % nucleotide homology and identified an ancestor relationship to low pathogenic H9N2 Quail/HK/G1/1997 prototype. The internal segments of the currently isolated viruses were derived from the same sub-lineage with no new evidence of reassortment. The three isolates were sensitive to amantadine as suggested by absence of mutations of M2 and confirmed by a phenotypic assay. In conclusion, avian influenza H9N2 virus is circulating in Egyptian chicken farms causing respiratory manifestations. Continuous monitoring of the molecular epidemiology and its impact on the virulence as well as emergence of new strains are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awad A Shehata
- Institute of Virology, Center for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany,
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Qu H, Yang L, Meng S, Xu L, Bi Y, Jia X, Li J, Sun L, Liu W. The differential antiviral activities of chicken interferon α (ChIFN-α) and ChIFN-β are related to distinct interferon-stimulated gene expression. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59307. [PMID: 23527158 PMCID: PMC3602166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chicken interferon α (ChIFN-α) and ChIFN-β are type I IFNs that are important antiviral cytokines in the innate immune system. In the present study, we identified the virus-induced expression of ChIFN-α and ChIFN-β in chicken fibroblast DF-1 cells and systematically evaluated the antiviral activities of recombinant ChIFN-α and ChIFN-β by cytopathic-effect (CPE) inhibition assays. We found that ChIFN-α exhibited stronger antiviral activity than ChIFN-β in terms of inhibiting the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus, Newcastle disease virus and avian influenza virus, respectively. To elucidate the mechanism of differential antiviral activities between the two ChIFNs, we measured the relative mRNA levels of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in IFN-treated DF-1 cells by real-time PCR. ChIFN-α displayed greater induction potency than ChIFN-β on several ISGs encoding antiviral proteins and MHC-I, whereas ChIFN-α was less potent than ChIFN-β for inducing ISGs involved in signaling pathways. In conclusion, ChIFN-α and ChIFN-β presented differential induction potency on various sets of ISGs, and the stronger antiviral activity of ChIFN-α is likely attributed to the greater expression levels of downstream antiviral ISGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongren Qu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhai Bi
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China-Japan Joint Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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19
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Ai H, Wang F, Zhang N, Zhang L, Lei C. Antiviral, immunomodulatory, and free radical scavenging activities of a protein-enriched fraction from the larvae of the housefly, Musca domestica. J Insect Sci 2013; 13:112. [PMID: 24735244 PMCID: PMC4011367 DOI: 10.1673/031.013.11201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, protein-enriched fraction (PEF) that was isolated from the larvae of the housefly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae), showed excellent hepatoprotective activity as well as the potential for clinical application in therapy for liver diseases. In this study, antiviral, immunomodulatory, and free radical scavenging activities of PEF were evaluated. The antiviral results demonstrated that PEF inhibited the infection of avian influenza virus H9N2 and had a virucidal effect against the multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus of the alfalfa looper, Autographa californica Speyer (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in vitro. The mortality of silkworm larve in a PEF treatment group decreased significantly compared with a negative control. PEF showed excellent scavenging activity for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and superoxide anion radicals, which were similar to those of ascorbic acid. The imunomodulatory results suggested that PEF could effectively improve immune function in experimental mice. Our results indicated that PEF could possibly be used for the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases caused by avian influenza virus infection. In addition, PEF with virucidal activity against insect viruses might provide useful for the development of antimicrobial breeding technology for economically important insects. As a natural product from insects, PEF could be a potential source for the discovery of potent antioxidant and immunomodulatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Furong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Utilization & Sustainable Pest Management of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Na Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Lingyao Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC), Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Chaoliang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Utilization & Sustainable Pest Management of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
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20
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Yang Z, Wang Y, Zhong S, Zhao S, Zeng X, Mo Z, Qin S, Guan W, Li C, Zhong N. In vitro inhibition of influenza virus infection by a crude extract from Isatis indigotica root resulting in the prevention of viral attachment. Mol Med Rep 2012; 5:793-9. [PMID: 22179315 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2011.709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Isatis indigotica root (IIR) has been widely used as a Chinese medicinal herb to treat regular seasonal influenza over the long history of traditional Chinese medicinal practice. However, its inhibitory activities against influenza virus infections along with the associated mechanisms have not been investigated comprehensively. In this study, the chemical nature, mode of action and in vitro anti-influenza activities of a crude extract (G2) of IIR were characterized. The extract was found to inhibit different subtypes of human or avian influenza viruses at various magnitudes of activity (IC50 0.39‑4.3 mg/ml) in vitro, including A/PR/8/34 (H1N1), A/FM/1/47 (H1N1), A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2), seasonal influenza (A/Guangzhou/GIRD/02/09 H1N1, B/Guangzhou/GIRD/08/09), novel swine-originating influenza (A/Guangzhou/GIRD/07/09, H1N1), A/Duck/Guangdong/09 (H6N2), A/Duck/Guangdong/94 (H7N3) and A/Chicken/Guangdong/96 (H9N2), while G2 was inactive against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus 3 (ADV3), parainfluenza virus 3 (PIV3) and enterovirus 71 (EV71). An apparent virus titer reduction was detected when the influenza viruses were pretreated with G2, and it was also shown that G2 exhibited inhibitory effects on influenza virus hemagglutination. In addition, G2 played a role in the early stages of infection, which did not easily result in the emergence of virus drug resistance. Thus, G2 may affect the attachment of influenza virus by interfering with the viral particles, thereby preventing the binding of influenza virus to the host cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifeng Yang
- Clinical Virology Division, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical College, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
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21
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Fusaro A, Monne I, Salviato A, Valastro V, Schivo A, Amarin NM, Gonzalez C, Ismail MM, Al-Ankari AR, Al-Blowi MH, Khan OA, Maken Ali AS, Hedayati A, Garcia Garcia J, Ziay GM, Shoushtari A, Al Qahtani KN, Capua I, Holmes EC, Cattoli G. Phylogeography and evolutionary history of reassortant H9N2 viruses with potential human health implications. J Virol 2011; 85:8413-21. [PMID: 21680519 PMCID: PMC3147996 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00219-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 05/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian influenza viruses of the H9N2 subtype have seriously affected the poultry industry of the Far and Middle East since the mid-1990s and are considered one of the most likely candidates to cause a new influenza pandemic in humans. To understand the genesis and epidemiology of these viruses, we investigated the spatial and evolutionary dynamics of complete genome sequences of H9N2 viruses circulating in nine Middle Eastern and Central Asian countries from 1998 to 2010. We identified four distinct and cocirculating groups (A, B, C, and D), each of which has undergone widespread inter- and intrasubtype reassortments, leading to the generation of viruses with unknown biological properties. Our analysis also suggested that eastern Asia served as the major source for H9N2 gene segments in the Middle East and Central Asia and that in this geographic region within-country evolution played a more important role in shaping viral genetic diversity than migration between countries. The genetic variability identified among the H9N2 viruses was associated with specific amino acid substitutions that are believed to result in increased transmissibility in mammals, as well as resistance to antiviral drugs. Our study highlights the need to constantly monitor the evolution of H9N2 viruses in poultry to better understand the potential risk to human health posed by these viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Fusaro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Research & Development Department, OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza, OIE Collaborating Center for Diseases at the Human-Animal Interface, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
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22
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Feng X, Liu T, Wang F, Cao R, Zhou B, Zhang Y, Mao X, Chen P, Zhang H. Isolation, antiproliferation on tumor cell and immunomodulatory activity of BSP-I, a novel bursal peptide from chicken humoral immune system. Peptides 2011; 32:1103-9. [PMID: 21550370 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2011.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius (BF) is acknowledged as central humoral immune organ unique to birds. Our purpose was to identify the potential function of a novel bursal-derived bioactive peptide. A bursal septpeptide (BSP-I), EPASGMM, first isolated from BF, reduced MCF and Hela tumor cells proliferation, and enhanced antitumor factor p53 luciferase activity and protein expression. Further, we found the significantly immune inducing function of BSP-I on antigen-specific immune response in BALB/c mice intraperitoneally immunized with inactivated avian influence virus (AIV, H(9)N(2) subtype) vaccine, including of enhancing the antibody (IgG, the isotypes IgG1 and IgG2a) production, and stimulating cytokines IL-4 and IFN-γ level, and inducing T cell immunophenotyping and lymphocyte proliferation. These results suggested that as the bioactive peptide from avian humoral immune system, various biological function of BSP-I may have far-reaching implication on immune system significance, which might provide novel insight on linking between humoral immune system and development of effective immunotherapeutic strategies for treating human cancers diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Feng
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, China
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23
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Shang RF, Liang JP, Na ZY, Yang HJ, Lu Y, Hua LY, Guo WZ, Cui Y, Wang L. In vivo inhibition of NAS preparation on H9N2 subtype AIV. Virol Sin 2010; 25:145-50. [PMID: 20960312 PMCID: PMC8227913 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-010-3082-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2009] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
NAS preparation, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine found by the Yunnan Eco-agricultural Research Institute, has potential antiviral activity. In this paper, the inhibiting effect of NAS preparation on H9N2 subtype Avian influenza virus (AIV) was investigated in vivo. Chickens infected with H9N2 virus were treated with NAS preparation for 4 days. The virus was then detected by hemoagglutination (HA) test and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that no H9N2 virus could be detected at the 7th day when the chickens were treated with 0.2 g/kg/d or 0.1 g/kg/d of NAS preparation. However the virus could be detected in other chickens without NAS preparation treatment. This result suggested that NAS preparation may be a potential drug candidate to control infection of H9N2 subtype AIV in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-feng Shang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Medicine Project, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Insititute of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Pharamaceutics Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050 China
| | - Jian-ping Liang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Medicine Project, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Insititute of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Pharamaceutics Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050 China
| | - Zhong-yuan Na
- Yunnan Eco-agricultural Research Institute, Kunming, 650106 China
| | - Hong-jun Yang
- Yunnan Eco-agricultural Research Institute, Kunming, 650106 China
| | - Yu Lu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Medicine Project, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Insititute of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Pharamaceutics Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050 China
| | - Lan-ying Hua
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Medicine Project, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Insititute of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Pharamaceutics Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050 China
| | - Wen-zhu Guo
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Medicine Project, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Insititute of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Pharamaceutics Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050 China
| | - Ying Cui
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Medicine Project, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Insititute of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Pharamaceutics Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050 China
| | - Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Medicine Project, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Insititute of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Pharamaceutics Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050 China
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24
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Tung NH, Kwon HJ, Kim JH, Ra JC, Kim JA, Kim YH. An anti-influenza component of the bark of Alnus japonica. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:363-7. [PMID: 20361299 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-0303-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2009] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study to identify anti-influenza components of the bark of Alnus japonica resulted in the isolation of four lupane-type triterpenes (1-4) and one steroid (5). Their structures were characterized on the basis of physicochemical properties, NMR evidence, and ESI-MS data compared with reported data in the literature. Betulinic aldehyde (3) exhibited a particularly strong anti-influenza effect against KBNP-0028 relative to a positive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Huu Tung
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea
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25
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Wang H, Jia X, Yang L, Sun L, Wang H, Liu W. [Comparison of antiviral activity between FeIFN-omega and FeIFN-alpha]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2008; 24:1556-1560. [PMID: 19160837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Both IFN-omega and IFN-alpha belong to type I interferon and have antiviral, antiproliferative, immunomodulatory activities, but their bioactivities are usually different. FeIFN-omega gene was amplified by PCR. FeIFN-alpha gene was synthesized based on the published sequences of GenBank. Then the two types of feline interferon genes were subcloned into the pET-His vector, and expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3). Recombinant interferons were purified by affinity chromatography with immobilized nickel chelating NTA (Ni-NTA) and their antiviral activity was estimated according to the ability of IFNs to inhibit the cytopathic effects (CPE) of virus on cells. Results showed that the antiviral activities against various viruses of FeIFN-omega were higher than those of FeIFN-alpha. Against H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) and canine distemper virus (CDV), the antiviral activities of FeIFN-omega were 160 folds and 4 folds higher than those of FeIFN-alpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
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26
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Horie M, Ogawa H, Yoshida Y, Yamada K, Hara A, Ozawa K, Matsuda S, Mizota C, Tani M, Yamamoto Y, Yamada M, Nakamura K, Imai K. Inactivation and morphological changes of avian influenza virus by copper ions. Arch Virol 2008; 153:1467-72. [PMID: 18592130 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-008-0154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2008] [Accepted: 05/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The infectivity of the H9N2 virus to MDCK cells was time-dependently inhibited by Cu(2+) at concentrations of 2.5-250 microM. In 25 microM Cu(2+) solution, the virus titer decreased by approximately 3 and 4 log within 3 and 6 h, respectively. Compared to Cu(2+), Zn(2+) was much less effective in virus inactivation. The H9N2 virus hemagglutinin activity was not affected by 2.5-250 microM Cu(2+). The H9N2 virus neuraminidase (NA) activity was drastically reduced by 25 mM Cu(2+), marginally reduced by 250 microM Cu(2+), and not affected by 25 microM Cu(2+). Thus, we found that copper ions suppress the infectivity of influenza virus at lower concentrations at which neither NA nor hemagglutination inhibition occurs. Electron microscopic analysis revealed morphological abnormalities of the Cu(2+)-treated H9N2 virus. Additional studies should be undertaken to clarify the mechanism underlying the antiviral effect of copper ions on influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Horie
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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27
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Song JM, Park KD, Lee KH, Byun YH, Park JH, Kim SH, Kim JH, Seong BL. Biological evaluation of anti-influenza viral activity of semi-synthetic catechin derivatives. Antiviral Res 2007; 76:178-85. [PMID: 17709148 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2007.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2007] [Revised: 07/03/2007] [Accepted: 07/05/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Catechin derivatives with different alkyl chain length and aromatic ring substitutions at the 3-hydroxyl group were synthesized from epigallocatechin (EGC) and (+)-catechin (C) and their anti-influenza viral activity were evaluated in vitro and in ovo. Pronounced antiviral activity was observed for derivatives carrying moderate chain length (7-9 carbons) as compared to those with aromatic rings, whereas the 5'-hydroxyl group of the trihydroxy benzyl moiety did not significantly contribute to antiviral activity. The derivatives exerted inhibitory effects for all six influenza subtypes tested including three major types of currently circulating human influenza viruses (A/H1N1, A/H3N2 and B type), H2N2 and H9N2 avian influenza virus. The compounds strongly inhibited adsorption of the viruses on red blood cell (RBC). They also restricted the growth of avian influenza virus in ovo with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 5-10 microM far exceeding the neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor oseltamivir or M2 proton channel inhibitor amantadine. The antiviral activity appears to be mediated by interaction with hemagglutinin (HA)/viral membrane rendering HA less fusogenic at the initial stage of infection. The broad spectrum activity against various subtypes of influenza viruses may complement the limitations of current antivirals and contribute for managing potentially emerging influenza pandemic. The structure-activity data of catechin derivatives may usefully guideline future research endeavors for applying green tea catechins as alternative anti-viral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Min Song
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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28
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Crusat M, de Jong MD. Neuraminidase inhibitors and their role in avian and pandemic influenza. Antivir Ther 2007; 12:593-602. [PMID: 17944267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Continuing occurrences of human infections with avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses have ignited increasing fears that the next influenza pandemic is imminent. Fortunately, options for antiviral prophylaxis and treatment have been improved dramatically since the previous pandemics by the availability of neuraminidase inhibitors such as zanamivir and oseltamivir. However, although the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of these drugs is well established for uncomplicated seasonal human influenza, clinical effectiveness seems limited for human H5N1 infections despite in vitro susceptibility and efficacy in animal studies. Factors which might contribute to this apparently limited efficacy include suboptimal dosing or routes of administration, suboptimal timing of treatment and the inability of antiviral drugs to interfere with immunopathology, and the development of drug resistance. Efforts to optimize the use of neuraminidase inhibitor treatment in H5N1 disease are urgently needed and might eventually aid in the judicious use of stockpiled neuraminidase inhibitors in the event of a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Crusat
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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29
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Aamir UB, Wernery U, Ilyushina N, Webster RG. Characterization of avian H9N2 influenza viruses from United Arab Emirates 2000 to 2003. Virology 2006; 361:45-55. [PMID: 17157891 PMCID: PMC2735206 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2006.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2006] [Revised: 09/08/2006] [Accepted: 10/23/2006] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to establish the phylogenetic relation of H9N2 avian viruses in the Middle East to other Asian H9N2 lineages by characterization of 7 viruses isolated from United Arab Emirates (2000-2003). All these viruses had an additional basic amino acid at the hemagglutinin-connecting peptide; 6 contained a mutation associated with increased affinity toward human-like sialic acid substrates. The viruses' surface glycoproteins and most internal genes were >90% similar to those of A/Quail/Hong Kong/G1/97 (H9N2) lineage. The hemadsorbing site of neuraminidase had up to 4 amino acid substitutions, as do human pandemic viruses. M2 sequence analysis revealed amino acid changes at 2 positions, with increasing resistance to amantadine in cell culture. They replicated efficiently in inoculated chickens and were successfully transmitted to contacts. They continue to maintain H5N1-like genes and may augment the spread of H5N1 viruses through regional co-circulation and inapparent infection. These viruses may present as potential pandemic candidates themselves.
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MESH Headings
- Amantadine/pharmacology
- Amino Acid Substitution
- Animals
- Antigens, Viral/genetics
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Antiviral Agents/pharmacology
- Chickens
- Disease Outbreaks
- Disease Transmission, Infectious
- Drug Resistance, Viral
- Gene Products, env/genetics
- Hemadsorption
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/classification
- Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/drug effects
- Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/pathogenicity
- Influenza in Birds/epidemiology
- Influenza in Birds/transmission
- Influenza in Birds/virology
- Mutation
- Neuraminidase/genetics
- Neuraminidase/metabolism
- Phylogeny
- Quail
- Sequence Homology
- Sialic Acids/metabolism
- Species Specificity
- United Arab Emirates/epidemiology
- Viral Matrix Proteins/genetics
- Virulence
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Affiliation(s)
- U. B. Aamir
- Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale Street, Memphis, Tennessee 38105; ,
| | - Ulrich Wernery
- Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, P.O. Box 597 Dubai, UAE
| | - N. Ilyushina
- Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale Street, Memphis, Tennessee 38105; ,
| | - R. G. Webster
- Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale Street, Memphis, Tennessee 38105; ,
- Corresponding author: Robert Webster, Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale Street, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-2794. Phone: (901)495-3400. Fax: (901) 523-2622. robert.webster @ stjude.org
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30
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Wei Q, Peng GQ, Jin ML, Zhu YD, Zhou HB, Guo HY, Chen HC. [Cloning, prokaryotic expression of chicken interferon-alpha gene and study on antiviral effect of recombinant chicken interferon-alpha]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2006; 22:737-43. [PMID: 17037195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The full length of chicken interferon alpha (ChIFN-alpha) gene was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from total liver genome of Sanhuang meat-chicken and sequenced. The amplified gene was about 582bp. The coding region for mature protein (489bp) was subcloned into pET-28a(+). The recombinant plasmid pET-28a(+)-IFNalpha was identified by enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing. Data of SDS-PAGE and Western-blot indicated that a 22kD fusion protein was expressed in the form of inclusion bodies with good immunity. The purity of inclusion bodies was above 70% and that of protein purified by nickel affinity chromatography was 95%. The recombinant protein could inhibit H9N2 avian influenza virus (H9N2 AIV) replication on chick embryo fibroblast. 2 microg of recombinant IFN-alpha could completely protect Chick embryo from H9N2 AIV infection. The recombinant IFN-alpha can also delay Newcastle disease virus (NDV) replication on chick embryo for 12 approximately 48h. Chicken administered recombinant IFN-alpha can resist the H9N2 AIV infection. The bioactivities of recombinant IFN-alpha purified by affinity chromatograph were 20 times higher than that of inclusion bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wei
- Lab of Animal Virus, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Ito H, Ito T, Hikida M, Yashiro J, Otsuka A, Kida H, Otsuki K. Outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Japan and anti-influenza virus activity of povidone-iodine products. Dermatology 2006; 212 Suppl 1:115-8. [PMID: 16490988 DOI: 10.1159/000089210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES On January 12, 2004, an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza, caused by the H5N1 strain, occurred in a one-layer flock in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. It had been 79 years since the last outbreak of avian influenza was confirmed in Japan. By February, 3 additional outbreaks had occurred (1 in Oita Prefecture and 2 in Kyoto Prefecture). Influenza viruses are enveloped viruses and are relatively sensitive to inactivation by lipid solvents, such as detergents. Infectivity is also rapidly destroyed by ether, sodium hypochlorite, povidone-iodine (PVP-I), peracetic acid and alcohol. However, these antiviral effects were only tested against human influenza A viruses. In the present study, the antiviral activity of PVP-I products against H5, H7 and H9 avian influenza A viruses, which had recently been transmitted to humans, were investigated. METHODS The in vitro antiviral activity of PVP-I products (2% PVP-I solution, 0.5% PVP-I scrub, 0.25% PVP-I palm, 0.23% PVP-I gargle, 0.23% PVP-I throat spray and 2% PVP-I solution for animals) against avian influenza A viruses [a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, A/crow/Kyoto/T2/04 (H5N1; 10(6.5) EID(50)/0.1 ml), and 3 low pathogenic avian influenza A viruses, A/whistling swan/Shimane/499/838 (H5N3; 10(4.8) EID(50)/0.1 ml), A/whistling swan/Shimane/42/80 (H7N7; 10(5.5) EID(50)/0.1 ml) and A/duck/Hokkaido/26/99 (H9N2; 10(4.8) EID(50)/0.1 ml)] were investigated using embryonated hen's eggs. RESULTS/DISCUSSION Viral infectious titers were reduced to levels below the detection limits by incubation for only 10 s with the PVP-I products used in this study. These results indicate that PVP-I products have virucidal activity against avian influenza A viruses. Therefore, the PVP-I products are useful in the prevention and control of human infection by avian influenza A viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ito
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
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