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Singh N, Siddarth M, Ghosh R, Tripathi AK, Banerjee BD. Heptachlor-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in HK-2 cells mediated via TGF-β1/Smad signalling. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 38:567-577. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327119828136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of heptachlor-induced oxidative stress (OS) on transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human renal proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells. Following treatment of HK-2 cells with an increasing concentration of heptachlor (0.01–10 µM) for 24 h, the intracellular reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde level increased, whereas the glutathione-s-hydroxylase (GSH) level declined significantly in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with N-acetyl cysteine attenuates the heptachlor-induced OS. In this study, we have shown that heptachlor-induced OS regulates the mRNA expression of TGF-β1-mediated Smad signalling genes accompanied by increased nuclear localization of phosphorylated Smad-2 and phosphorylated Smad-3. Furthermore, the m-RNA and protein level of epithelial marker, that is, E-cadherin decreased while the mesenchymal marker, that is, α-smooth muscle actin increased in heptachlor exposed HK-2 cells. In conclusion, heptachlor-induced OS might be responsible for the activation of TGF-β1/Smad signalling which ultimately leads to renal damage by means of EMT.
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Raj Verma T, Kumar Painuly N, Prasad Mishra S, Yoganathan S, Singh N, Bhatt M, Jamal N. Evaluation of Lung Density and Its Dosimetric Impact on Lung Cancer Radiotherapy: A Simulation Study. J Biomed Phys Eng 2019; 9:17-28. [PMID: 30881931 PMCID: PMC6409377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dosimetric parameters required in lung cancer radiation therapy are taken from a homogeneous water phantom; however, during treatment, the expected results are being affected because of its inhomogeneity. Therefore, it becomes necessary to quantify these deviations. OBJECTIVE The present study has been undertaken to find out inter- and intra- lung density variations and its dosimetric impact on lung cancer radiotherapy using Monte Carlo code FLUKA and PBC algorithms. MATERIAL AND METHODS Density of 100 lungs was recorded from their CT images along with age. Then, after PDD calculated by FLUKA MC Code and PBC algorithm for virtual phantom having density 0.2 gm/cm3 and 0.4 gm/cm3 (density range obtained from CT images of 100 lungs) using Co-60 10 x10 cm2 beams were compared. RESULTS Average left and right lung densities were 0.275±0.387 and 0.270±0.383 respectively. The deviation in PBC calculated PDD were (+)216%, (+91%), (+)45%, (+)26.88%, (+)14%, (-)1%, (+)2%, (-)0.4%, (-)1%, (+)1%, (+)4%, (+)4.5% for 0.4 gm/cm3 and (+)311%, (+)177%, (+)118%, (+)90.95%, (+)72.23%, (+)55.83% ,(+)38.85%, (+)28.80%, (+)21.79%, (+)15.95%, (+)1.67%, (-) 2.13%, (+)1.27%, (+)0.35%, (-)1.79%, (-)2.75% for 0.2 gm/cm3 density mediums at depths of 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8mm, 9mm,10mm, 15mm, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm, 80mm and 100 mm, respectively. CONCLUSION Large variations in inter- and intra- lung density were recorded. PBC overestimated the dose at air/lung interface as well as inside lung. The results of Monte Carlo simulation can be used to assess the performance of other treatment planning systems used in lung cancer radiotherapy.
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Singh N, Gimpel D, Manikavasagar V, Watson N, Roberts J, Conaglen P, Meikle F, Lin Z, Kejriwal N, Odom N, McCormack D, El-Gamel A. Efficacy of EuroSCORE II, AusSCORE II, and Society of Thoracic Surgery Score in Isolated Coronary Surgery in a New Zealand Population. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kumar A, Singh N. Rare primary tumour of heart. Indian Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2018.10.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Dzahini O, Singh N, Taylor D, Haddad PM. Antipsychotic drug use and pneumonia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychopharmacol 2018; 32:1167-1181. [PMID: 30334664 DOI: 10.1177/0269881118795333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of antipsychotic exposure to the incidence and mortality of pneumonia. METHODS The design of this study involved meta-analysis of observational studies identified from electronic databases. RESULTS In total, 19 studies were included in the systematic review and 14 in the meta-analysis. Risk of pneumonia was increased by first-generation antipsychotics (risk ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval 1.34-2.15; five studies), second-generation antipsychotics (risk ratio 1.93, 95% confidence interval 1.55-2.41; six studies) and all antipsychotics (risk ratio 1.83, 95% confidence interval 1.60-2.10; seven studies) compared with no antipsychotic use. Pneumonia risk did not differ in seven studies comparing first-generation antipsychotics with second-generation antipsychotics (risk ratio 1.07, 95% confidence interval 0.85-1.35). Case fatality rate was not different in pneumonia cases associated with antipsychotic exposure versus cases without exposure (risk ratio 1.50; 95% confidence interval 0.76-2.96; two studies). All antipsychotics with data from ⩾2 studies allowing meta-analysis, were associated with a significantly increased pneumonia risk (i.e. haloperidol, olanzapine, clozapine, risperidone, quetiapine, zotepine). CONCLUSION Exposure to both first-generation antipsychotics and second-generation antipsychotics is associated with an increased pneumonia risk. Clinicians need to be vigilant for the occurrence of pneumonia in patients commencing antipsychotics, especially those with other risk factors for pneumonia including older age, chronic respiratory disease, cerebrovascular disease, dysphagia and smoking.
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Singh N, Madhav H, Yadav S, Jaiswar G. Impact of vanadium‐, sulfur‐, and dysprosium‐doped zinc oxide nanoparticles on various properties of PVDF/functionalized‐PMMA blend nanocomposites: Structural, optical, and morphological studies. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Behera D, Muthu V, Prasad K, Singh N. P3.15-02 Carboplatin Dose Calculated Using Different Formula for eGFR and Their Comparison with Actual Dose Administered in Lung Cancer Patients. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Padda S, Aredo J, Vali S, Singh N, Vasista S, Mitra U, Abbasi T, Wakelee H. P1.04-20 Computational Biological Model Prediction of PD-L1 Expression and Immunotherapy Response for KRAS Mutated Lung Cancer Based on Co-Mutations. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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159
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Singh N, Josefsson A, Hussain S, Hugosson J. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection As an Emerging Risk Factor in Prostate Cancer. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.30200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epidemiologic investigations confirm that prostate tissue is prone to sexually transmitted infection and human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection. Owing to the controversy on the role of HPV infection in prostate carcinogenesis, it is appropriate to determine and validate the prevalence of HPV infection in a controlled prospective study, and its role in prostate carcinogenesis. It is crucial to investigate the prognostic impact of HPV infection in prostate cancer from a clinical point of view. Aim: The overall aim of our research is to address the possibility of using therapeutic interventions against HPV infection in young boys to prevent the development of prostate cancer in their older age. Establishment of clinical importance of HPV infection in prostate cancer and its prognostic impact for overall survival. Methods: The prostate cancer tissue specimens were obtained from Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy (SA), Gothenburg, Sweden. The exclusion criteria included patients undergoing any preoperative radiation or chemotherapy. Only histopathologically confirmed cases were processed for DNA, protein and RNA extraction. Histopathological grades and clinical staging was evaluated by pathologists using the Gleason scoring system for prostate cancer. The study is approved by the ethics committee of the institute. High molecular-weight genomic DNA was isolated from tumor/control tissue samples and were subjected to PCR genotyping for detection of the viral DNA. Cases and controls was compared using univariate methods. An independent t-test was performed for the comparison of clinicopathological parameters. Results: The pilot study identified HPV infection in advanced grade of prostate cancer cases in Sweden. HPV infection was identified in 57% of the prostate cancer cases with advanced pathologic grade in Swedish men compared with 11% in the normal controls. The investigation comprised of detailed analysis of the correlation between the clinical parameters and HPV genotyping. Conclusion: The research investigation substantiates the clinical significance of HPV infection in prostate carcinogenesis that has been underestimated till date. The research investigation was funded by Swedish Research Council (Vetenskaprådet) Grant no. 2015-06705.
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Labos C, Ha A, Dorian P, Tsigoulis M, Kajil M, Cox J, Mancini G, Gladstone D, Lockwood E, Shuaib A, Singh N, Gupta M. PERSISTENCE OF ORAL ANTICOAGULANT USE AMONG CANADIAN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PATIENTS: ONE-YEAR RESULTS FROM THE PROSPECTIVE SPRINT-AF REGISTRY. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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161
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Singh N, Lee A, Al Ajam M. P1.05-16 Clinical Utility of Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy in the Diagnosis of Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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162
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Prasad K, Kaur H, Muthu V, Aggarwal A, Behera D, Singh N. P2.01-77 Interconversion of Two Commonly Used Performance Tools: An Analysis of 5844 Paired Assessments in 1501 Lung Cancer Patients. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Singh N, Premji S, Ramakrishnan D, Foltz T, Chandra S, Song D, Suh D, Yan L. FACTORS INFLUENCING UNDER AND OVER UTILIZATION OF ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS (OAC) IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (AF). Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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164
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Muthu V, Prasad K, Bal A, Gupta N, Behera D, Kapoor R, Singh N. P1.09-31 Preliminary Experience with Liquid Biopsies in a Resource Constrained Setting and Its Impact on Treatment Decision Making. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Singh N, Painuly NK, Chaudhari LN, Chairmadurai A, Verma T, Shrotiya D, Bhatt CP. Evaluation of AAA and XVMC Algorithms for Dose Calculation in Lung Equivalent Heterogeneity in Photon Fields: A Comparison of Calculated Results with Measurements. J Biomed Phys Eng 2018; 8:223-230. [PMID: 30320026 PMCID: PMC6169117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aims of the present work are (1) to evaluate dose calculation accuracy of two commonly used algorithms for 15 MV small photon fields in a medium encompassing heterogeneity and (2) to compare them with measured results obtained from gafchromic film EBT2. MATERIALS AND METHODS Authors employed kailwood (Pinus Wallichiana) to mimic lung. Briefly, seven Kailwood plates, each measuring 25x25 cm2 of varying thicknesses totaling 13 cm equivalent to the mean thickness of an adult human lung, were sandwiched between 5 cm tissue equivalent material from top and 10 cm below. Physical measurements were performed using Radiochromic film EBT2. The field sizes of 1x1, 2x2, 5x5 and 10x10 cm2 were selected at 100 cm SSD. Simulations were performed using EGSnrc/DOSRZnrc Monte Carlo code. The dose variation inside the inhomogeneity and near the interface was calculated using AAA & XVMC algorithm. RESULTS Preliminary results show that there is large variation of dose inside inhomogeneity. The maximum variation of dose inside the inhomogeneity for 1x1 cm2 was found 40% by AAA and 4.5% by XVMC compared to measured/simulated results. For the field size of 2x2 cm2, these figures were 27% by AAA & 3.5% by XVMC. For 5x5 cm2 field size, the variation is small which becomes insignificant for larger fields. CONCLUSION The results presented in this work indicate that for smaller fields, XVMC algorithm gives more realistic prediction, while there is the need for caution on using AAA algorithm for dose calculations involving small area irradiation encompassing heterogeneities and low-density media.
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Dhawan V, Kumar M, Dadhwal V, Singh N, Dada R. Sperm transcripts and genomic integrity: role in implantation and embryo viablity in IVF cycles. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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169
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Singh N, Kumar R, Chauhan S, Engwerda C, Sundar S. Blood monocytes are skewed towards non-inflammatory phenotype in patients with Human Visceral Leishmanisis. Int J Infect Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.4109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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170
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Sarmah NP, Sarma K, Bhattacharyya DR, Sultan AA, Bansal D, Singh N, Bharti PK, Sehgal R, Mohapatra PK, Parida P, Mahanta J. Antifolate drug resistance: Novel mutations and haplotype distribution in dhps and dhfr from Northeast India. J Biosci 2018; 42:531-535. [PMID: 29229871 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-017-9706-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is a major public health concern in Northeast India with a preponderance of drug-resistant strains. Until recently the partner drug for artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) was sulphadoxine pyrimethamine (SP). Antifolate drug resistance has been associated with the mutations at dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) and dihydrofolatereductase (dhfr) genes. This study investigated antifolate drug resistance at the molecular level. A total of 249 fever cases from Arunachal Pradesh, NE India, were screened for malaria, and of these, 75 were found to be positive for Plasmodium falciparum. Samples were sequenced and analysed with the help of BioEdit and ClustalW. Three novel point mutations were found in the dhps gene with 10 haplotypes along with the already reported mutations. A single haplotype having quadruple mutation was found in the dhfr gene. The study reports higher degree of antifolate drug resistance as evidenced by the presence of multiple point mutations in dhps and dhfr genes. The findings of this study strongly discourage the use SP as a partner drug in ACT.
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Kaur H, Sehgal IS, Bal A, Gupta N, Behera D, Das A, Singh N. Evolving epidemiology of lung cancer in India: Reducing non-small cell lung cancer-not otherwise specified and quantifying tobacco smoke exposure are the key. Indian J Cancer 2018; 54:285-290. [PMID: 29199707 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_597_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent histological type of lung cancer (LC) in developed countries while squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) has so far been the most common type at our center. Herein, we report our continued assessment of the epidemiological trend of LC aimed at determining any change in the histological distribution. METHODS Retrospective analysis involving all consecutive newly diagnosed LC patients over a 4-year period (March 2011-February 2015). Demographic characteristics, histology, and staging data for current data set were compared with our previously published data (2008-2011). As before, smoking index (SI) was used to group patients as never (SI = 0), light (SI = 1-100), moderate (SI = 101-300), and heavy (SI ≥301) smokers. RESULTS Majority of 1301 patients had advanced disease (Stages IIIB = 30.1%; IV = 53.3%), were males (82.3%) and current/ex-smokers (76.9%). Adenocarcinoma and SqCC (36.4% each) were equally prevalent. As compared to our previous study, adenocarcinoma increased (36.4% vs. 27.5%) and nonsmall cell lung cancer-not otherwise specified (NSCLC-NOS) decreased (5.1% vs. 10.9%) significantly (P < 0.001). The current study had more heavy smokers (68.3% vs. 61.1%; P = 0.013) and median SI was also higher (500 vs. 400; P = 0.001). Among SI-based groups, significant differences were observed for age, gender, body mass index, histology, TNM stage, and metastatic disease distribution. CONCLUSION Reduction in NSCLC-NOS has led to adenocarcinoma and SqCC being equally prevalent at our center in North India despite an increase in heavy smokers. Accurate histological NSCLC subtyping is necessary for optimal epidemiological assessment.
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Thakur S, Gupta R, Tiwari B, Singh N, Saxena KK. Pallister-Killian syndrome: Review of fetal phenotype. Clin Genet 2018; 95:79-84. [PMID: 29790157 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pallister-Killian syndrome is a multi-system sporadic disorder with developmental delay. It is a rare chromosomal abnormality involving supernumerary isochormosome 12p. The disorder exhibits tissue specific mosaicism. The first prenatal diagnosis of PKS was reported in 1985 after ultrasound detection of fetal anomalies. Since this observation, there have been about 62 reports of fetuses with PKS. In this review, we cover the prenatal aspects of PKS.
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Patel N, Leusink AL, Singh N, Koto MZ, Luvhengo T. Registrar perceptions on general surgical training in South Africa: A report by the South African Society of Surgeons in Training (SASSiT). S AFR J SURG 2018; 56:10-14. [PMID: 30010258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical training varies significantly amongst universities within the same country. This trend is reflected in South Africa and provides an opportunity for innovation to improve the quality of general surgical training. OBJECTIVE To assess the perceptions of South African general surgery registrars regarding surgical training. METHOD A prospective descriptive study was performed by means of a confidential questionnaire distributed to general surgical registrars at all eight training centers in South Africa. Participants were asked to give comments regarding adequacy of formal academic teaching, level of supervision during surgical procedures, exposure to and training in minimally invasive surgery (MIS), and preparation for examinations. Descriptive statistics were generated with Microsoft Excel. Ethics clearance was obtained from the University of the Witwatersrand Human Research Ethics Committee. RESULTS Of 200 questionnaires distributed 105 (52.5%) were returned. 44% (105/241) of all registrars from six training institutions participated. 89.5% (94/105) of respondents reported that they attended less than six hours of formal academic teaching per week and 71.4% (75/105) indicated that their institution offered less than six hours of formal academic teaching per week. 76.2% (80/105) of respondents regarded lack of protected academic time as the greatest obstacle to their surgical training and 95.2% (99/105) reported that clinical responsibilities prevented them from attending formal academic teaching regularly. Overall, only 31.4% (33/105), 41.9% (44/105) and 37.1% (39/105) were satisfied with the amount of formal academic teaching, level of supervision during theatre procedures and exposure to minimally invasive surgery respectively. Lack of resources and lack of appropriate skills were identified as a hindrance to MIS training by 47.6% (50/105) and 28.6% (30/105) of respondents respectively. CONCLUSION Surgical registrars are dissatisfied with the amount of formal academic teaching and protected academic time, level of supervision in theatre and their exposure to MIS. These challenges compromise trainees' ability to practice independently after qualification. Numerous interventions are necessary and possible to address these challenges.
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Singh N, Kathole M, Kaur J, Mehta V, Suri RK, Rath G, Kohli M. Bilateral clavicular attachment of omohyoid muscle. Morphologie 2018; 102:87-90. [PMID: 28890314 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Omohyoid muscle present in cervical region is of particular importance to anatomists as it defines anteriorly the carotid triangle and divides the posterior cervical triangle. It has superior and inferior bellies and an intermediate common tendon. Like sternohyoid, sternothyroid and thyrohyoid muscles, omohyoid is also an infrahyoid muscle, but it differs from them in its course. The infrahyoid muscles are formed from a muscle primordium occurring in the anterior cervical area. Anderson (Anderson, 1881) theorized that the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle is a true infrahyoid muscle, whereas the inferior belly most likely shares a common embryology with the subclavius muscle. In the present study, during routine dissection in the neck region of an adult male cadaver of 50 years age, an anomalous origin of inferior belly of omohyoid with absence of intermediate tendon was observed bilaterally. It was arising from clavicle on both sides. Both the muscle bellies were measured from the lateral end of fascial sling. The inferior belly of omohyoid extending from the lateral margin of sling to clavicular surface was measured 3.3cm in length on left side and 3.6cm on right side. The omohyoid is important in neck dissections because it is considered as an ideal landmark for level III and IV lymph node metastases. Knowledge of variations of this muscle is very important for surgeries in neck region because of its close relation to the internal jugular vein and brachial plexus. Its crucial relationship to vascular structures in the neck makes it an important landmark during neck surgeries.
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Antoniadou I, Kouskou M, Arsiwala T, Singh N, Vasudevan SR, Fowler T, Cadirci E, Churchill GC, Sharp T. Ebselen has lithium-like effects on central 5-HT 2A receptor function. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:2599-2610. [PMID: 29488218 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Lithium's antidepressant action may be mediated by inhibition of inositol monophosphatase (IMPase), a key enzyme in Gq -protein coupled receptor signalling. Recently, the antioxidant agent ebselen was identified as an IMPase inhibitor. Here, we investigated both ebselen and lithium in models of the 5-HT2A receptor, a Gq -protein coupled receptor involved in lithium's actions. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH 5-HT2A receptor function was assessed in mice by measuring the behavioural (head-twitches, ear scratches) and molecular (cortical immediate early gene [IEG] mRNA; Arc, c-fos, Egr2) responses to 5-HT2A receptor agonists. Ebselen and lithium were administered either acutely or repeatedly prior to assessment of 5-HT2A receptor function. Because lithium and 5-HT2A receptor antagonists augment the action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), ebselen was tested for this activity by co-administration with the SSRI citalopram in microdialysis (extracellular 5-HT) experiments. KEY RESULTS Acute and repeated administration of ebselen inhibited behavioural and IEG responses to the 5-HT2A receptor agonist DOI. Repeated lithium also inhibited DOI-evoked behavioural and IEG responses. In comparison, a selective IMPase inhibitor (L-690330) attenuated the behavioural response to DOI whereas glycogen synthase kinase inhibitor (AR-A014418) did not. Finally, ebselen enhanced the increase in extracellular 5-HT induced by citalopram, and also increased regional brain 5-HT synthesis. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our data demonstrated lithium-mimetic effects of ebselen in different experimental models of 5-HT2A receptor function, probably mediated by IMPase inhibition. This evidence of lithium-like neuropharmacological effects of ebselen adds further support for the clinical testing of ebselen in mood disorders, including as an antidepressant augmenting agent.
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Raphael I, Almodovar K, Bedrosian A, Brandow C, Choi G, Saini R, Singh N, Ebrahimzadeh P, Abraham C, Keenan L. 1061 The FRESNO Project: Fresno Residents’ Experience in Sleep and Nighttime Optimization. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Chugh K, Malhotra H, Sakhuja V, Bhusnurmath S, Singhal P, Unni V, Singh N, Pirzada R, Kapoor M. Progression to end Stage Renal Disease in Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis (PSGN) - Chandigarh Study. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139888701000311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
193 patients (142 adults and 51 children) with acute PSGN were followed long term. Sixty percent had elevated serum creatinine and 14% had nephrotic range proteinuria at the onset. By two years 28 patients (14%) had died from uremia, and 19 were lost to follow up. Amongst the remainder, 8 patients (4%) had developed mild to moderate renal insufficiency, 12% were hypertensive, and 22% had urinary abnormalities. Of the 146 patients alive at 2 years, 107 were followed up to 10 years (mean 4.8 years). In addition to the 8 patients with renal insufficiency at 2 years, another 7 developed renal failure subsequently. Four out of these 15 patients progressed to uremia within 4 to 10 years after the onset of disease. Hypertension and persistent urinary abnormalities were present in 15% and 24% respectively. Progression to uremia occurred in 6% of children and 20% of adults. Nephrotic range proteinuria, renal insufficiency at the onset, and crescents in more than one third of glomeruli indicated a poor prognosis.
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Chugh K, Narang A, Kumar L, Sakhuja V, Unni VN, Pirzada R, Singh N, Pereira B, Singhal P. Acute Renal Failure Amongst Children in a Tropical Environment. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139888701000207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenetic factors leading to acute renal failure (ARF) in 223 children between the ages of 20 days and 14 years were studied. Diarrhoeal diseases were responsible for ARF in 49.8%, acute glomerulonephritis in 34.1%, drug induced intravascular hemolysis in glucose -6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in 4.5%, snake bite in 4%, hemolytic uremic syndrome in 2.2%, and miscellaneous causes in 5.4%. Dialysis was instituted in 178 children and the others were treated conservatively. Renal histology in 39 out of 76 children who presented with an acute nephritic illness revealed acute endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis in 27 and crescentic glomerulonephritis in 12. The histology in 79 out of 147 remaining patients showed acute tubular necrosis in 64, acute cortical necrosis in 13, and acute interstitial nephritis in 2. Overall mortality was 27.4%. This high incidence of ARF due to infective diarrhoeas and dysentery reflects poor socio-economic and hygienic conditions, inadequate facilities in rural areas, delays in seeking medical advice, and lack of knowledge about fluid and electrolyte therapy amongst the staff.
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Mishra A, Singh N, Sahu D, Kumar S. 33P Expression of biomarkers IDH1, CEA, TPA and CYFRA21-1 in peripheral blood and tissue of non-small cell lung carcinoma patients detected by real-time PCR. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(18)30313-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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180
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Singh N, Phukan T, Sharma PL, Kabyashree K, Barman A, Kumar R, Sonti RV, Genin S, Ray SK. An Innovative Root Inoculation Method to Study Ralstonia solanacearum Pathogenicity in Tomato Seedlings. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2018; 108:436-442. [PMID: 29182472 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-17-0291-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report Ralstonia solanacearum pathogenicity in the early stages of tomato seedlings by an innovative root inoculation method. Pathogenicity assays were performed under gnotobiotic conditions in microfuge tubes by employing only 6- to 7-day-old tomato seedlings for root inoculation. Tomato seedlings inoculated by this method exhibited the wilted symptom within 48 h and the virulence assay can be completed in 2 weeks. Colonization of the wilted seedlings by R. solanacearum was confirmed by using gus staining as well as fluorescence microscopy. Using this method, mutants in different virulence genes such as hrpB, phcA, and pilT could be clearly distinguished from wild-type R. solanacearum. The method described here is economic in terms of space, labor, and cost as well as the required quantity of bacterial inoculum. Thus, the newly developed assay is an easy and useful approach for investigating virulence functions of the pathogen at the seedling stage of hosts, and infection under these conditions appears to require pathogenicity mechanisms used by the pathogen for infection of adult plants.
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De Boer S, Powell M, Mileshkin L, Katsaros D, Bessette P, Haie-Meder C, Ottevanger P, Ledermann J, Khaw P, Colombo A, Fyles A, Baron M, Jürgenliemk-Schulz I, Kitchener H, Nijman H, Wilson G, Kolodziej I, Carinelli S, Lutgens L, Smit V, Singh N, Nout R, Verhoeven-Adema K, Putter H, Creutzberg C. OC-0323: Patterns of recurrence in the randomised PORTEC-3 trial of chemoradiotherapy for endometrial cancer. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)30633-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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182
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Singh N, Grosshuesch C, Johnson W, DeVogel N, Yin Z, Wang T, Kindel S, Woods R. Prolonged Management in Donors with Reduced Ejection Fraction is a Risk Factor for Graft Loss in Pediatric Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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183
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Singh N, Petrinic I, Hélix-Nielsen C, Basu S, Balakrishnan M. Concentrating molasses distillery wastewater using biomimetic forward osmosis (FO) membranes. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 130:271-280. [PMID: 29241113 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of sugarcane molasses distillery wastewater is challenging due to the presence of complex phenolic compounds (melanoidins and polyphenols) having antioxidant properties. Due to zero liquid discharge regulations, Indian distilleries continue to explore effective treatment options. This work examines the concentration of distillery wastewater by forward osmosis (FO) using aquaporin biomimetic membranes and magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2.6H2O) as draw solution. The operational parameters viz. feed solution and draw solution flow rate and draw solution concentration were optimized using 10% v/v melanoidins model feed solution. This was followed by trials with distillery wastewater. Under the conditions of this work, feed and draw flow rates of 1 L/min and draw solution concentration of 2M MgCl2.6H2O for melanoidins model solution and 3M MgCl2.6H2O for distillery wastewater were optimal for maximum rejection. Rejection of 90% melanoidins, 96% antioxidant activity and 84% COD was obtained with melanoidins model feed, with a corresponding water flux of 6.3 L/m2h. With as-received distillery wastewater, the rejection was similar (85-90%) to the melanoidins solution, but the water flux was lower (2.8 L/m2h). Water recovery from distillery wastewater over 24 h study period was higher with FO (70%) than reported for RO (35-45%). Repeated use of the FO membrane over five consecutive 24 h cycles with fresh feed and draw solutions and periodic cleaning showed consistent average water flux and rejection of the feed constituents.
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Singh N, Ahmad S, Wienckowski JR, Murray BM. Comparison of access blood flow and venous pressure measurements as predictors of arteriovenous graft thrombosis. J Vasc Access 2018; 7:66-73. [PMID: 16868899 DOI: 10.1177/112972980600700205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of the present study was to prospectively compare the predictive accuracy of static venous pressure (SVP); dynamic venous pressure (DVP) and access blood flow (ABF) in determining subsequent graft thrombosis and/or failure. Methods This study included 43 patients with functional arteriovenous grafts (AVG's) who underwent monthly serial measurements of SVP, DVP and ABF for 3 consecutive months. Patients were then followed for an additional 6 months. The primary end point was graft thrombosis. Results Six patients were excluded from the final analysis. Of the 37 patients completing the study, 7 episodes of graft thrombosis occurred within 6 months of follow up. Neither SVP nor DVP exhibited satisfactory sensitivity or specificity for graft thrombosis. Ten patients either began with or developed an ABF < 600 during the 3 months of measurements, but only 5 clotted. Δ ABF of >20% provided the best combination of sensitivity (86%) and specificity (90%) for graft thrombosis. In AVG's that have an ABF<600, it is those grafts with falling ABF that appear most likely to clot in the short term. Conclusion The study supports the concept that it is a falling level of access flow rather than the absolute level that is the most potent predictor of graft thrombosis.
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Singh N, Nada R, Rawat A, Sharma A, Sinha SK, Ramachandran R, Kumar V, Kohli HS, Gupta KL, Rathi M. Spectrum of IgG4-related Kidney Disease at a Tertiary Care Center. Indian J Nephrol 2018; 28:209-214. [PMID: 29962671 PMCID: PMC5998721 DOI: 10.4103/ijn.ijn_146_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
IgG4-related kidney disease (IgG4 RKD) is increasingly reported with varied manifestations. The present study was carried out to study the spectrum of IgG4 RKD. All patients with renal manifestation associated with conditions known to be associated with IgG4-related diseases (IgG4 RDs), or renal imaging or histology suggestive of IgG4 RKD were included and evaluated further. Patients with known extrarenal IgG4RD were also screened for renal involvement. Out of 40 patients screened over a period of 15 months, IgG4 RKD was diagnosed in 8. Majority were male (87.5%) with mean age being 56 years. Disease spectrum ranged from normal renal function in one to renal failure requiring dialysis in another two patients. Significant proteinuria was uncommon (12.5%) while hematuria was not seen in any patient. Tubulointerstitial nephritis was seen in all four patients who underwent kidney biopsy. Two patients had associated glomerular lesions in the form of immune complex crescentic glomerulonephritis. The most common imaging abnormality was hypodense renal lesions seen in 2 patients. Elevated IgG4 levels had 87.5% sensitivity and 78.3% specificity for IgG4 RKD and levels did not correlate with disease severity. Of 4 patients treated with steroids, 3 showed improvement in renal function. IgG4 RKD is an uncommon disease even at a referral tertiary care center. Elevated IgG4 levels alone are neither sensitive nor specific for the diagnosis of IgG4 RKD, and a combination of clinical, imaging, serological, and histological features are required for diagnosis.
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Patel N, Leusink A, Singh N, Koto MZ, Luvhengo T. Registrar perceptions on general surgical training in South Africa: A report by the South African Society of Surgeons in Training (SASSiT). S AFR J SURG 2018. [DOI: 10.17159/2078-5151/2018/v56n2a2448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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187
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Singh N, Bansal P, Maithani M, Chauhan Y. Development and validation of a stability-indicating RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of dapagliflozin and saxagliptin in fixed-dose combination. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04260d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple and precise stability indicating method for the simultaneous estimation of dapagliflozin and saxagliptin in combined tablet dosage form was developed and validated using RP-HPLC.
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Rastogi SK, Prajapati N, Kumar Y, Pandit A, Wahed N, Singh N. 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of intraspinal extramedullary nonosseous neoplastic lesions with their postsurgical and histopathological correlation. WEST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/wajr.wajr_25_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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189
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Singh N, Prasad KT. Practical solutions to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor dose modifications in resource-constrained settings: Thinking outside the (packaging) box. Indian J Cancer 2017; 54:186-187. [PMID: 29199687 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.219576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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190
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Barne M, Colopy G, Singh N. Randomised crossover study to investigate whether patients eat more when food is served on a red plate. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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191
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Mistry A, Sasmal C, Sam S, Singh N, Prajapati A, Chauhan J, Tailor H, Albert S, Laha K, Saibaba S, Bhaduri A, Rajendra Kumar E. Status of India-specific Reduced Activation Ferritic-Martensitic steel and fabrication technologies development for LLCB TBM. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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192
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Behera D, Mylliemngap B, Muthu V, Singh N. P1.03-018 Effectiveness of Supportive Care Drugs in Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing 1st Line Chemotherapy in a Resource Limited Setting. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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193
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Singh A, Sharma S, Singh N, Behera D. P2.06-004 Role of Polymorphic Variants of BER and DSBR Pathway Genes in Modulating Lung Cancer Susceptibility and Prognosis of North Indian Population. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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194
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Muthu V, Bal A, Gupta N, Prasad K, Behera D, Singh N. P2.03-053 A Five-Year Audit of EGFR and ALK Testing at a Tertiary Care Centre in North India: More Sensitive Methods Do Make a Difference! J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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195
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Singh N, Baldi M, Kaur J, Prasad K, Kapoor R, Behera D. MA 03.02 Timing of B12/Folate Supplementation in NSCLC Patients on Pemetrexed Based Chemotherapy: Final Results of the PEMVITASTART Randomized Trial. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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196
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Rabbolini DJ, Morel-Kopp MC, Chen Q, Gabrielli S, Dunlop LC, Chew LP, Blair N, Brighton TA, Singh N, Ng AP, Ward CM, Stevenson WS. Thrombocytopenia and CD34 expression is decoupled from α-granule deficiency with mutation of the first growth factor-independent 1B zinc finger. J Thromb Haemost 2017; 15:2245-2258. [PMID: 28880435 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Essentials The phenotypes of different growth factor-independent 1B (GFI1B) variants are not established. GFI1B variants produce heterogeneous clinical phenotypes dependent on the site of mutation. Mutation of the first non-DNA-binding zinc-finger causes a mild platelet and clinical phenotype. GFI1B regulates the CD34 promoter; platelet CD34 expression is an indicator of GFI1B mutation. SUMMARY Background Mutation of the growth factor-independent 1B (GFI1B) fifth DNA-binding zinc-finger domain causes macrothrombocytopenia and α-granule deficiency leading to clinical bleeding. The phenotypes associated with GFI1B variants disrupting non-DNA-binding zinc-fingers remain uncharacterized. Objectives To determine the functional and phenotypic consequences of GFI1B variants disrupting non-DNA-binding zinc-finger domains. Methods The GFI1B C168F variant and a novel GFI1B c.2520 + 1_2520 + 8delGTGGGCAC splice variant were identified in four unrelated families. Phenotypic features, DNA-binding properties and transcriptional effects were determined and compared with those in individuals with a GFI1B H294 fs mutation of the fifth DNA-binding zinc-finger. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived megakaryocytes were generated to facilitate disease modeling. Results The DNA-binding GFI1B variant C168F, which is predicted to disrupt the first non-DNA-binding zinc-finger domain, is associated with macrothrombocytopenia without α-granule deficiency or bleeding symptoms. A GFI1B splice variant, c.2520 + 1_2520 + 8delGTGGGCAC, which generates a short GFI1B isoform that lacks non-DNA-binding zinc-fingers 1 and 2, is associated with increased platelet CD34 expression only, without quantitative or morphologic platelet abnormalities. GFI1B represses the CD34 promoter, and this repression is attenuated by different GFI1B zinc-finger mutations, suggesting that deregulation of CD34 expression occurs at a direct transcriptional level. Patient-specific iPSC-derived megakaryocytes phenocopy these observations. Conclusions Disruption of GFI1B non-DNA-binding zinc-finger 1 is associated with mild to moderate thrombocytopenia without α-granule deficiency or bleeding symptomatology, indicating that the site of GFI1B mutation has important phenotypic implications. Platelet CD34 expression appears to be a common feature of perturbed GFI1B function, and may have diagnostic utility.
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Baldi M, Prasad K, Behera D, Kaur J, Singh N. Non-hematological toxicity and timing of B12/Folate supplementation in NSCLC patients on pemetrexed based chemotherapy: Secondary analysis of the PEMVITASTART randomized trial. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx671.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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198
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García-Muñoz A, Singh N, Leonardi C, Silva-del-Río N. Effect of hoof trimmer intervention in moderately lame cows on lameness progression and milk yield. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:9205-9214. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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199
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Wadhwa N, Diwaker P, Lotha N, Arora VK, Singh N. Cytokeratin 20 immunocytochemistry on urine sediments: A potential low-cost adjunct to cytology in the diagnosis of low-grade urothelial carcinoma. Cytopathology 2017; 28:531-535. [PMID: 28940433 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urine cytology is the corner-stone for the diagnosis of urothelial neoplasia; however, a substantial proportion of low-grade carcinomas are reported as inconclusive owing to scant cellularity and subtle cytological features. Biomarkers applied on urine sediment smears of such patients are likely to be clinically relevant. Access to Food and Drug Administration approved urinary biomarkers in resource limited setting is poor. Detection of cytokeratin 20 (CK20) in urine sediments, although still a research tool, is a promising marker as immunocytochemistry is performed regularly in several Indian laboratories. OBJECTIVE We tested the clinical utility of CK20 immunocytochemistry as a potential low-cost adjunct to urine cytology in diagnosis of low-grade urothelial carcinoma. One hundred and fifty fresh, voided urine specimens from 42 cases of biopsy proven urothelial neoplasia (14 high grade, 28 combined low-grade [n=26]) and low malignant potential [n=2]), and 20 non-neoplastic lesions were included in the study sample. RESULTS Confident diagnosis of malignancy was possible in five (17.8%) low-grade malignancies. Thirteen of 16 (81.3%) low-grade malignancies with inconclusive cytology showed positive CK20 expression. This reduced the proportion of low-grade cases with inconclusive cytology from 57.1% to 10.7% (P=.021). In addition, we could correctly classify one case of bladder lithiasis with false positive urine cytology. Discrepant CK20 staining (positive) was seen in one patient with acute cystitis. CONCLUSIONS CK20 expression in non-umbrella cells is a robust marker of urinary bladder carcinoma. It has potential clinical utility for identification of low-grade urothelial malignancy with inconclusive cytological diagnosis.
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Malhotra N, Dolkar D, Mahey R, Singh N. To flush or not to flush: a randomized controlled trial comparing follicular flushing and direct aspiration at oocyte retrieval in poor responders undergoing IVF. Fertil Steril 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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