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Krishnan P, Gireesh-Babu P, Rajendran KV, Chaudhari A. RNA interference-based therapeutics for shrimp viral diseases. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2009; 86:263-272. [PMID: 20066961 DOI: 10.3354/dao02126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a powerful tool to manipulate gene expression in the laboratory. The presence of a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in eukaryotic cells triggers this post-transcriptional gene-silencing mechanism, leading to a sequence-specific degradation of the target mRNA. Among its many potential biomedical applications, silencing of viral genes stands out as a promising therapeutic strategy. Marine shrimp viral diseases, especially white spot disease (WSD), represents one of the most attractive targets for the development of therapeutic RNAi owing to its widespread economic impact. This review summarizes the current knowledge in the therapeutic application of RNAi for combating viral diseases in shrimp. The basic principles of RNAi are described, focusing on features important for its therapeutic manipulation. Subsequently, a stepwise strategy for the development of therapeutic RNAi is presented.
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Liang M, Lye DC, Chen MI, Chow A, Krishnan P, Seow E, Leo YS. New influenza A (H1N1) 2009 in Singapore: the first ten adult imported cases. Singapore Med J 2009; 50:581-583. [PMID: 19551309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since late March 2009, a novel influenza H1N1 strain emerged in humans in Mexico and the United States. It has rapidly spread to many countries on different continents, prompting unprecedented activation of pandemic preparedness plans. Singapore has adopted a containment strategy with active screening of febrile travellers with respiratory symptoms from affected countries since April 27, 2009. METHODS All cases with new influenza A (H1N1) confirmed on polymerase chain reaction assay on combined nasal and throat swabs and who were admitted to the Communicable Disease Centre, were included in a prospective evaluation of clinical characteristics of new influenza A (H1N1). RESULTS From May 26 to June 3, 2009, there were ten patients with a mean age of 27.6 years, seven of whom were female. All but one travelled from the United States, six of whom travelled from New York; the last one travelled from the Philippines. Clinical illness developed within a mean of 1.4 days after arrival in Singapore, and presentation to the emergency department at a mean of 2.7 days from illness onset. Fever occurred in 90 percent, cough 70 percent, coryza 40 percent, sore throat and myalgia/arthralgia 30 percent; none had diarrhoea. The fever lasted a mean of 2.1 days. All were treated with oseltamivir. The clinical course was uncomplicated in all cases. CONCLUSION Clinical features of new influenza A (H1N1) appeared mild, and ran an uncomplicated course in immunocompetent patients.
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Chow A, Poh B, Wu C, Chan J, Krishnan P, Leo Y, Ang B. Rubbing It in: A Time-Effective Hand Hygiene Protocol for Daily Hospital Practice. Int J Infect Dis 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Chan J, Lye D, Leo Y, Koh T, Tang W, Singh A, Krishnan P. Epidemiology of Enterobacteriaceae with reduced susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins isolated from stool screening at entry to a tertiary care hospital. Int J Infect Dis 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Rowe G, Krishnan P. A Comparative Analysis of Divorce Rates in Canada and the United States, 1921-1967. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 4:61-72. [PMID: 12311907 DOI: 10.1300/j279v04n01_06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Krishnan P, Fernandes S, Savio J, Ross CR, Pradeep R, Choudhary R, Shet AS, Pais P. Melioidosis. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2008; 56:636-639. [PMID: 19051712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Melioidosis is an emerging infectious disease in India acquired through percutaneous inoculation or contaminated water. Known risk factors include diabetes mellitus, renal failure, cirrhosis, and malignancy. Melioidosis presents with a febrile illness, with protean manifestations ranging from septicemia to localized abscess formation. We present the case of a 42-year-old male from a non-endemic region who presented with fever of 2 months duration, sepsis, persistent pneumonia, right hip joint pain and hepatic and splenic abscesses. Aspiration of the joint and soft tissue fluid collection and subsequent culture yielded gram negative bacilli identified as Burkholderia pseudomallei. The epidemiology, clinical features, and laboratory diagnosis of this rare infection and its treatment is reviewed.
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Shah AB, Chogle AR, Krishnan P. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV infected and non-HIV subjects: evolving concepts and disease patterns. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2007; 55:761-763. [PMID: 18290550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Williams J, Kona B, Kothari R, Rehman M, Krishnan P. THE USEFULNESS OF HEAD COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANS IN PATIENTS ADMITTED FOR DELIRIUM TREMENS AT A TEACHING COMMUNITY HOSPITAL. Chest 2007. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.132.4_meetingabstracts.562a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Williams J, Kona B, Shah R, Rehman M, Krishnan P. CYSTIC LUNG DISEASE DUE TO LYMPHOCYTIC INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA IN A PATIENT WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION. Chest 2007. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.132.4_meetingabstracts.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Rehman MU, Molla S, Krishnan P. FAILURE OF TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT DUE TO SUBTHERAPEUTIC LEVELS OF ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUGS. Chest 2007. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.132.4_meetingabstracts.677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Brandner B, Krishnan P, Sitham M, Man A, Saridogan E, Cutner A. Is naso-gastric tube insertion necessary to reduce the risk of gastric injury at subcostal laparoscopic insufflation? A pilot study. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2007; 24:644-5. [PMID: 17632875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
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Krishnan P. The effect of concentration in electrochemical oxidation of thiocyanate on platinum electrode. J Solid State Electrochem 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-007-0295-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sekhon S, Krishnan P, Singh B, Yamada K, Kim C. Proton conducting membrane containing room temperature ionic liquid. Electrochim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2006.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Krishnan P, Pranav SK, Sivakumar K, Shahani J, Srinivas M. Mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation—When, where and how?—In the current era. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s12055-006-0576-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Krishnan P, Pranav SK, Sivakumar K, Shahani J, Srinivias M. Extending the limits of the primary arterial switch operation for TGA. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s12055-006-0545-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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91
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Krishnan P. The scientific study of herbal wound healing therapies: Current state of play. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cacc.2006.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kanagarajan K, Williams J, Rupanagudi V, Julliard K, Gandev G, Gupta K, Krishnan P. IS CA-125 A RELIABLE SERUM MARKER FOR DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS? Chest 2005. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.128.4_meetingabstracts.141s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Rehman MU, Rupanagudi V, Patel U, Ailiani R, Shakil J, Banuru S, Niranjan S, Krishnan P. ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH NORMAL EPICARDIAL CORONARY ARTERIES ON ANGIOGRAM: HOW REAL IS IT? Chest 2005. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.128.4_meetingabstracts.279s-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Kanagarajan K, Perumalsamy K, Rupanagudi V, Gandev G, Krishnan P, Dhar S. ENDOBRONCHIAL METASTATIC DISEASE MASQUERADING AS BRONCHIAL ASTHMA. Chest 2005. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.128.4_meetingabstracts.408s-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Krishnan P, Kruger NJ, Ratcliffe RG. Metabolite fingerprinting and profiling in plants using NMR. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2005; 56:255-65. [PMID: 15520026 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eri010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Although less sensitive than mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides a powerful complementary technique for the identification and quantitative analysis of plant metabolites either in vivo or in tissue extracts. In one approach, metabolite fingerprinting, multivariate analysis of unassigned 1H NMR spectra is used to compare the overall metabolic composition of wild-type, mutant, and transgenic plant material, and to assess the impact of stress conditions on the plant metabolome. Metabolite fingerprinting by NMR is a fast, convenient, and effective tool for discriminating between groups of related samples and it identifies the most important regions of the spectrum for further analysis. In a second approach, metabolite profiling, the 1H NMR spectra of tissue extracts are assigned, a process that typically identifies 20-40 metabolites in an unfractionated extract. These profiles may also be used to compare groups of samples, and significant differences in metabolite concentrations provide the basis for hypotheses on the underlying causes for the observed segregation of the groups. Both approaches generate a metabolic phenotype for a plant, based on a system-wide but incomplete analysis of the plant metabolome. However, a review of the literature suggests that the emphasis so far has been on the accumulation of analytical data and sample classification, and that the potential of 1H NMR spectroscopy as a tool for probing the operation of metabolic networks, or as a functional genomics tool for identifying gene function, is largely untapped.
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Gala B, Kanagarajan K, Rupanagudi V, Dhar S, Doshi R, Krishnan P. Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) As A Sole Manifestation Of Visceral Involvement In Systemic Sclerosis Sine Scleroderma (ssSSc). Chest 2004. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.126.4_meetingabstracts.993s-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Krishnan P, Joshi DK, Nagarajan S, Moharir AV. Characterisation of germinating and non-germinating wheat seeds by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL : EBJ 2004; 33:76-82. [PMID: 12904911 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-003-0340-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2002] [Accepted: 06/26/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to characterise the changes, especially of water status in germinating and non-germinating wheat seeds by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. NMR relaxation time ( T(2)) measurements showed tri-phasic or bi-phasic characteristics during different stages of hydration, depending on the seed's ability to germinate. Component analysis of T(2) data revealed the existence of only two components, bound and bulk water, in dry seeds. In contrast, both the germinating and non-germinating wheat seeds had a three-component water proton system (bound, bulk and free water) in phase I of hydration. During the lag phase (phase II) of hydration, bulk water component of non-germinating seeds disappeared completely, resulting in a two component water proton system. Nevertheless, the three component water proton system was observed in the germinating seeds in phase II. Following phase II, rapid hydration (phase III) was observed in germinating seeds only. Water protons were re-organised and there were increases in bulk and free water but decreases in bound water concomitantly. Comparison of the physical state of water in these seeds by NMR spectroscopy with that of tissue leachate conductivity measurement suggests that the seed membrane system was affected more evidently in non-germinating seeds, leading to the disorganised cell structure. The present study provides evidence that the reorganisation of physical state of water in germinating wheat seeds during hydration is essential for its subsequent event of germination.
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Garg A, Patel U, Banuru S, Pasternak B, Weerackody H, Krishnan P, Khanna A. 79 DIAGNOSITIC USEFULNESS OF HOLTER MONITORING IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS OF A COMMUNITY HOSPITAL. J Investig Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-52-suppl1-632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Anghelina M, Schmeisser A, Krishnan P, Moldovan L, Strasser RH, Moldovan NI. Migration of monocytes/macrophages in vitro and in vivo is accompanied by MMP12-dependent tunnel formation and by neovascularization. COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 2003; 67:209-15. [PMID: 12858542 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2002.67.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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