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Ray R, Lizewski S, Fitzgerald LA, Little B, Ringeisen BR. Methods for imaging Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 nanofilaments. J Microbiol Methods 2010; 82:187-91. [PMID: 20561956 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2010.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Nanofilament production by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 was evaluated as a function of lifestyle (planktonic vs. sessile) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions using different sample preparation techniques prior to imaging with scanning electron microscopy. Nanofilaments could be imaged on MR-1 cells grown in biofilms or planktonically under both aerobic and anaerobic batch culture conditions after fixation, critical point drying and coating with a conductive metal. Critical point drying was a requirement for imaging nanofilaments attached to planktonically grown MR-1 cells, but not for cells grown in a biofilm. Techniques described in this paper cannot be used to differentiate nanowires from pili or flagella.
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Goyal SN, Arora S, Sharma AK, Joshi S, Ray R, Bhatia J, Kumari S, Arya DS. Preventive effect of crocin of Crocus sativus on hemodynamic, biochemical, histopathological and ultrastuctural alterations in isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 17:227-232. [PMID: 19747807 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2009.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2009] [Revised: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of crocin, a pharmacologically active constituent of Crocus sativus L., in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiotoxicity with reference to hemodynamic, antioxidant, histopathological and ultrastructural parameters. Rats were administered crocin (5, 10 and 20mg/kg/day) or vehicle orally for 21 days along with ISO (85mg/kg, subcutaneously, at 24h interval) on 20th and 21st day. On 22nd day ISO-control rats showed cardiac dysfunction as indicated by lowering of systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures. In addition, a significant decrease in maximum positive and negative rate of developed left ventricular pressure (+/-LVdp/dt(max)) and an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were observed. Furthermore, a marked reduction in the activities of myocardial creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) isoenzyme, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels along with an increase in content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed. Myocardial necrosis, edema and inflammation were evident from the light microscopic and ultrastructural changes. Crocin at the dose of 20mg/kg/day significantly modulated hemodynamic and antioxidant derangements. The preventive role of crocin on ISO-induced MI was reconfirmed by histopathological and ultrastructural examinations. The effect at the dose of 20mg/kg/day of crocin was more pronounced than that of other two doses (5 and 10mg/kg/day). The results suggest that crocin may have cardioprotective effect in ISO-induced cardiac toxicity through modulation of oxidative stress in such a way that maintains the redox status of the cell.
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Wang M, Ray R, Murdoch C, Zhang M, Walker SJ, Brewer AC, Shah AM. 024 Endothelial Nox4 NADPH oxidase enhances vasodilatation via hydrogen peroxide-induced hyperpolarisation and reduces blood pressure. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2009.191064l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Agarwal S, Mathur SR, Ray R, Sharma SC, Sinha P. Cytopathological diagnosis of hyalinizing trabecular tumour, a rare thyroid neoplasm. Cytopathology 2009; 21:133-4. [PMID: 19843138 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2009.00698.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Pattanayak M, Ray R, Dutta P. O742 Impact of life style modification in obese polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)61115-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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81
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Das P, Iyer VK, Mathur SR, Ray R. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma: a critical evaluation of cytomorphological features in seven cases. Cytopathology 2009; 21:251-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2009.00675.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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82
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Loughead J, Wileyto EP, Valdez JN, Sanborn P, Tang K, Strasser AA, Ruparel K, Ray R, Gur RC, Lerman C. Effect of abstinence challenge on brain function and cognition in smokers differs by COMT genotype. Mol Psychiatry 2009; 14:820-6. [PMID: 19065145 PMCID: PMC3896978 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2008.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The val allele of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) val(158)met polymorphism has been linked with nicotine dependence and with cognitive performance in healthy volunteers. We tested the hypothesis that the val allele is a risk factor for altered brain function and cognition during nicotine abstinence as compared with the normal smoking state. Chronic smokers (n=33) were genotyped prospectively for the COMT polymorphism for balanced selection of met/met, val/met and val/val groups. A visual N-back working memory task was performed during two separate blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging sessions in counterbalanced order: (1) smoking as usual, and (2)>or=14 h confirmed abstinence. Significant genotype by session interactions were observed for BOLD signal in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC; (P=0.0005), left DLPFC (P=0.02) and dorsal cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex (P=0.01) as well as for task reaction time (P=0.03). Smokers with val/val genotypes were more sensitive to the abstinence challenge than carriers of the met allele, with the greatest effects on BOLD signal and performance speed at the highest working memory load. These data suggest a novel brain-behavior mechanism that may underlie the increased susceptibility to nicotine dependence and smoking relapse associated with the COMT val allele. Exploration of the effects of COMT inhibitors as a possible smoking cessation aid in this group may be warranted.
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Obolensky OI, Doerr TP, Ray R, Yu YK. Rigorous treatment of electrostatics for spatially varying dielectrics based on energy minimization. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2009; 79:041907. [PMID: 19518256 PMCID: PMC2775418 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.79.041907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An energy minimization formulation of electrostatics that allows computation of the electrostatic energy and forces to any desired accuracy in a system with arbitrary dielectric properties is presented. An integral equation for the scalar charge density is derived from an energy functional of the polarization vector field. This energy functional represents the true energy of the system even in nonequilibrium states. Arbitrary accuracy is achieved by solving the integral equation for the charge density via a series expansion in terms of the equation's kernel, which depends only on the geometry of the dielectrics. The streamlined formalism operates with volume charge distributions only, not resorting to introducing surface charges by hand. Therefore, it can be applied to any spatial variation of the dielectric susceptibility, which is of particular importance in applications to biomolecular systems. The simplicity of application of the formalism to real problems is shown with analytical and numerical examples.
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Thistlethwaite R, Ray R, Kessell G. Emergency cricothyroidotomy: equipment in anaesthetic practice. Anaesthesia 2009; 64:448-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2009.05900.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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85
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Ray R, Rukstalis M, Jepson C, Strasser A, Patterson F, Lynch K, Lerman C. Effects of atomoxetine on subjective and neurocognitive symptoms of nicotine abstinence. J Psychopharmacol 2009; 23:168-76. [PMID: 18515446 DOI: 10.1177/0269881108089580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine dependence has been linked to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in both clinical and general populations. This behavioural pharmacology study used a within-subject, double-blind, crossover design to test the effects of atomoxetine, a medication for ADHD, on nicotine abstinence symptoms. Fifty non treatment-seeking smokers (>/=15 cigarettes/day) completed a baseline session when they were smoking as usual and then two laboratory testing sessions after overnight abstinence and treatment with 7 days of either atomoxetine (1.2 mg/kg) or placebo. During each laboratory session, participants completed subjective measures of abstinence symptoms and performed neurocognitive tasks. In mixed effects models, atomoxetine, compared with placebo, was found to be associated with a reduction in abstinence-induced subjective withdrawal symptoms. Atomoxetine was also associated with significant reductions in self-reported smoking urges amongst smokers who scored high on a baseline measure of smoking for stimulation. However, atomoxetine had no effect on any of the cognitive tasks employed in the study. Thus, atomoxetine may reduce cravings to smoke among smokers who use nicotine to increase arousal.
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Mabrouk-Zerguini N, Léger P, Aubert S, Ray R, Leprince P, Riou B, Coriat P, Ouattara A. Tei index to assess perioperative left ventricular systolic function in patients undergoing mitral valve repair. Br J Anaesth 2008; 101:479-85. [PMID: 18640993 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aen212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using echocardiography, perioperative assessment of systolic function by fractional area change (FAC) is questionable in patients suffering from mitral regurgitation (MR). Tei index, an index expressing global cardiac function, has been reported to be unchanged after mitral valve surgery. We tested the hypothesis where the Tei index could be useful in assessing the perioperative cardiac function in patients undergoing mitral valve repair (MVR). METHODS Twenty-five patients were enrolled. Transoesophageal echocardiography was performed perioperatively before and after the correction of MR. We compared the impact of the MVR on the left ventricular FAC and the Tei index. FAC was calculated from the transgastric short-axis view and Tei index was determined from the four chambers and deep transgastric views. RESULTS Two patients were excluded because of poor acoustic windows. FAC significantly decreased after MVR from 53 (9)% to 42 (10)% (P<0.001), while Tei index was unaffected [0.46 (0.16) vs 0.47 (0.17), NS]. A significant relationship was found between the preoperative Tei index and the postoperative FAC (R=-0.64, P<0.001). Moreover, a significant and clinically relevant relationship was determined between the predicted (using preoperative Tei index) and the measured postoperative FAC (R=0.64, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS FAC but not the Tei index is influenced by MVR. The preoperative determination of the Tei index allows predicting postoperative FAC and offers the opportunity to identify patients in whom a severe unsuspected systolic dysfunction could render difficult the weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Ray R, Keyser B, Andres D, Hauck S, Benton B, Carpin C, Daher A, Simbulan‐Rosenthal C, Rosenthal D. Human bronchial/tracheal epithelial cells (BEC) are more sensitive than small airway epithelial cells (SAEC) to sulfur mustard‐induced apoptosis apparently due to a Fas (death receptor) response amplification loop. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.648.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ramam M, Bhat R, Garg T, Sharma V, Ray R, Singh MK, Banerjee U, Rajendran C. Author's reply. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2008. [DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.39716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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89
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Ramam M, Bhat R, Garg T, Sharma VK, Ray R, Singh MK, Banerjee U, Rajendran C. A modified two-step treatment for actinomycetoma. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2007; 73:235-9. [PMID: 17675730 DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.32888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combination antibiotic regimens are effective in the treatment of actinomycetoma but many treatment schedules require supervised parenteral therapy for prolonged periods. We describe a schedule that includes parenteral medication in an initial, short phase followed by a longer phase of oral medication. METHODS Sixteen patients with clinically diagnosed mycetoma, who did not show any evidence of a fungal etiology, were treated presumptively for actinomycetoma. Evidence of actinomycotic infection was found on microscopy of granules / discharge and / or histopathological examination in eight (50%) patients. The treatment consisted of an intensive phase (Step 1) with gentamicin, 80 mg twice daily, intravenously and cotrimoxazole, 320/1600 mg twice daily orally for four weeks. This was followed by a maintenance phase with cotrimoxazole and doxycycline, 100 mg twice daily till all sinuses healed completely. The treatment was continued for 5-6 months. RESULTS Treatment response was assessed monthly. At the end of the intensive phase, there was a significant improvement in all 16 patients. Nine patients who continued the maintenance phase of the regimen had complete healing of sinuses with marked reductions in swelling and induration in 2.4 +/- 1.7 months. Maintenance treatment was continued for a mean of 9.1 +/- 4.3 months in these patients. Six patients have remained free of disease activity during a follow-up period of 11.1 +/- 4.2 months after treatment was stopped. Two patients developed leucopenia and thrombocytopenia necessitating withdrawal of cotrimoxazole. CONCLUSION This regimen was effective in treating actinomycetoma. The short duration of the phase requiring parenteral therapy makes it convenient to administer.
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Khantisophon N, Montet D, Loiseau G, Rakshit S, Stevens W, Ray R. Formulation of a nutritional cassava (Manihot esculentaCrantz) starch-based beverage. ACTA ALIMENTARIA 2007. [DOI: 10.1556/aalim.36.2007.3.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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91
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Ray R, Jepson C, Wileyto P, Patterson F, Strasser AA, Rukstalis M, Perkins K, Blendy J, Lerman C. CREB1 haplotypes and the relative reinforcing value of nicotine. Mol Psychiatry 2007; 12:615-7. [PMID: 17592483 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4002002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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92
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Glynn NC, Ray R, Edwards SG, Hare MC, Parry DW, Barnett CJ, Beck JJ. Quantitative Fusarium spp. and Microdochium spp. PCR assays to evaluate seed treatments for the control of Fusarium seedling blight of wheat. J Appl Microbiol 2007; 102:1645-53. [PMID: 17578430 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03190.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To develop sensitive quantitative PCR assays for the two groups of pathogens responsible for Fusarium seedling blight in wheat: Fusarium group (Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium graminearum) and Microdochium group (Microdochium nivale and Microdochium majus); and to use the assays to assess performance of fungicide seed treatments against each group. METHODS AND RESULTS Primers conserved between the species within each group were used to develop competitive PCR assays and used to quantify DNA of each group in wheat seed produced from inoculated field plots. Seed was used in seed treatment efficacy field experiments and the amount of DNA of each group was determined in emerged seedlings. The performance of treatments towards each group of pathogens was evaluated by comparison of the reduction in DNA in seedlings emerged from treated seed compared with untreated seed. CONCLUSIONS DNA from the two groups of pathogens causing Fusarium seedling blight of wheat can be quantified separately using the competitive PCR assays. These assays show improved sensitivity compared with those previously reported for the individual species and allowed the quantification of pathogen DNA in seed and seedlings. Significant reductions in pathogen DNA were evident for each seed treatment. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Quantification of DNA for each group allows the evaluation of seed treatment performance towards the two components of Fusarium seedling blight disease complex. The approach taken and the assays developed in this study will be of use for the study of other Fusarium disease complexes and their control. Based on the results reported here on the seedling stage of crop development, further studies that examine the control of seed-borne pathogens through fungicide seed treatments throughout the growing season are warranted.
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Kumar S, Mukherjee SN, Ghosh S, Ray R. A study for evaluation of contaminant transport characteristics through fine-grained soil. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2006; 78:2261-7. [PMID: 17120445 DOI: 10.2175/106143005x78645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Transport of soluble toxic substances through porous media lead to some significant geoenvironmental problems, for example, leachate migration from municipal and industrial solid waste resulting from unregulated disposal. Advection, dispersion, diffusion, and decay are reported to be the principal mechanisms in such phenomena. Geotechnical properties of the soil also play a significant role in this deterioration. In the present study, laboratory tests were conducted to formulate an appropriate method for assessment of migration of metal ions, such as nickel, through the soil. Relevant kinetic and process parameters, such as aquifer data, surface area, dielectric constant, pH of zero point charge (pHzpc), and permeability were also studied. One-dimensional mathematical modeling was used to describe the dynamics of the process. The present investigation was carried out at an ash pond site of a thermal power plant situated in West Bengal, India.
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Ray R, Jepson C, Patterson F, Strasser A, Rukstalis M, Perkins K, Lynch KG, O'Malley S, Berrettini WH, Lerman C. Association of OPRM1 A118G variant with the relative reinforcing value of nicotine. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2006; 188:355-63. [PMID: 16960700 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-006-0504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2006] [Accepted: 06/30/2006] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The endogenous opioid system has been implicated in substance abuse and response to pharmacotherapies for nicotine and alcohol addiction. We examined (1) the association of the functional OPRM1 A118G variant with the relative reinforcing value of nicotine and (2) the main and interacting effects of the mu-opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone on nicotine reinforcement. METHODS In a within-subject, double-blind human laboratory study, 30 smokers of each OPRM1 genotype (A/A vs. A/G or G/G) participated in two experimental sessions following 4 days of orally administered naltrexone 50 mg or placebo. Participants completed a validated assessment of the relative reinforcing value of nicotine. This cigarette choice paradigm assesses self-administration of 0.6 mg nicotine vs. 0.05 mg (denicotinized) cigarettes after a brief period of nicotine abstinence. RESULTS The relative reinforcing value of nicotine (number of nicotine cigarette puffs) was predicted by a significant OPRM1 by gender interaction. Among women, the low-activity G allele (A/G and G/G) was associated with a reduced reinforcing value of nicotine; among male smokers, there was no association with genotype. Smokers carrying a G allele were also significantly less likely to differentiate the nicotine vs. denicotinized cigarettes by subjective ratings of satisfaction and strength. No evidence for an effect of naltrexone on nicotine reinforcement was found in the overall sample or in the genotype or gender subgroups. CONCLUSIONS This study provides initial evidence for an association of the OPRM1 A118G variant with nicotine reinforcement in women.
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Walker QD, Ray R, Kuhn CM. Sex differences in neurochemical effects of dopaminergic drugs in rat striatum. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006; 31:1193-202. [PMID: 16237396 DOI: 10.1038/sj.npp.1300915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Previous data indicate that dopamine neurotransmission is differently regulated in male and female rats. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the dopamine transporter and autoreceptor as potential loci responsible for this sex difference. Fast cyclic voltammetry at carbon-fiber microelectrodes was used to monitor changes in electrically evoked levels of extracellular dopamine in the striata of anesthetized male and female rats before and after administration of an uptake inhibitor, a dopamine D2 antagonist, or a D3/D2 agonist. Administration of 40 mg/kg cocaine ip increased electrically-evoked extracellular dopamine concentrations in both sexes, but to a significantly greater extent in female striatum at the higher stimulation frequencies. The typical antipsychotic, haloperidol, increased dopamine efflux in both sexes but the effect was twice as large in the female striatum. The D3/D2 agonist quinpirole induced an unexpected, transient increase in dopamine efflux following high-frequency stimulation only in females, and evoked dopamine was higher in females across this entire time course. More detailed analysis of cocaine effects revealed no fundamental sex differences in the interaction of cocaine with DAT in vivo or in synaptosomes. These results indicate that nigrostriatal dopamine neurotransmission in the female rat is more tightly regulated by autoreceptor and transporter mechanisms, perhaps related by greater autoreceptor control of DAT activity. Thus, baseline sex differences in striatal dopamine regulation induce different pharmacologic responses. These results contribute to understanding sex differences in stimulant-induced locomotor activity in rats and may have broader implications for neurologic disorders and their pharmacotherapies in humans.
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Prasad HRY, Malhotra AK, Hanna N, Kochupillai V, Atri SK, Ray R, Guglani B. Arsenicosis from homeopathic medicines: a growing concern. Clin Exp Dermatol 2006; 31:497-8. [PMID: 16681630 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2006.02095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ray R, Benton BJ, Hauck SL, Carpin C, Rosenthal DS. Apoptosis due to sulfur mustard (SM) in human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) and human airway epithelial cells (HAEC): Mechanisms and intervention. FASEB J 2006. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.20.4.a121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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98
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Das S, Ray R, Das N, Srivastava LM. Effect of ascorbic acid on prevention of hypercholesterolemia induced atherosclerosis. Mol Cell Biochem 2006; 285:143-7. [PMID: 16479321 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-005-9070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2005] [Accepted: 10/28/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The notion that oxidation of lipids and propagation of free radicals may contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is supported by a large body of evidence. To circumvent the damage caused by oxygen free radicals, antioxidants are needed which provide the much needed neutralization of free radical by allowing the pairing of electrons. In this study we have investigated the effect of ascorbic acid, a water soluble antioxidant on the development of hypercholesterolemia induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. Rabbits were made hypercholesterolemic and atherosclerotic by feeding 100 mg cholesterol/day. Different doses of ascorbic acid were administered to these rabbits. Low dose of ascorbic acid (0.5 mg/100 g body weight/day) did not have any significant effect on the percent of total area covered by atherosclerotic plaque. However, ascorbic acid when fed at a higher dose (15 mg/100 g body weight/day) was highly effective in reducing the atherogenecity. With this dose the percent of total surface area covered by atherosclerotic plaque was significantly less (p < 0.001). This suggests that use of ascorbic acid may have great promise in the prevention of hypercholesterolemia induced atherosclerosis.
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Frey S, Gorse G, DiBisceglie A, Rosa D, Stamataki Z, McKeating J, Ray R, Coates S, Schultze V, Abrignan S, Houghton M, Hill H, Belshe R. O.015 A phase 1 trial of a novel E1E2/MF59C.1 hepatitis C vaccine candidate in healthy HCV-negative adults (DMID 01-002). J Clin Virol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1386-6532(06)80024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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100
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Puri A, Maulik SK, Ray R, Bhatnagar V. Electrocardiographic and biochemical evidence for the cardioprotective effect of vitamin E in doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity in rats. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2005; 15:387-91. [PMID: 16418954 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-872923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Cardiotoxicity is a major side effect limiting the use of doxorubicin, a potent chemotherapeutic agent, in the treatment of pediatric neoplastic diseases. The effect of vitamin E in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats has been studied. METHODS Eighteen Wistar male rats (age 60 - 100 days, weighing 175 - 260 g) were divided into three groups of six: group A (controls); group B (doxorubicin-treated rats); and group C (pretreatment with a high dose of vitamin E followed by doxorubicin treatment). The weights of the rats were measured daily. The rats were sacrificed seven days after the last dose of doxorubicin injection by an overdose of ether. Electrocardiogram (ECG) tracings were recorded before sacrificing the rats. The ECG tracings were then evaluated for rate and rhythm disorders by assessing the PR, ST, and QT intervals. In group B rats ECG tracings were taken three days after the completion of doxorubicin treatment, while in group C rats they were taken at the end of 2 weeks of vitamin E pretreatment and again 3 days after the completion of doxorubicin treatment. Serum levels of creatine phosphokinase (CPK-MB), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) were assessed from an intracardiac blood sample taken at the time of sacrificing the rat. RESULTS Mean weight ranged from 205 - 226 g. Mean total dose of doxorubicin in groups B and C ranged from 36 - 38 mg. The PR intervals in the three groups were recorded as 0.006, 0.070, 0.057 s for groups A, B, and C, respectively (p = 0.0024) and the QT interval as 0.023, 0.120, 0.088 s in groups A, B, and C, respectively (p = 0.00089). The ST elevation due to doxorubicin toxicity was significantly reversed by vitamin E treatment. The difference in the levels of CPK-MB and LDH between the three groups was found to be statistically significant. Serum SGOT levels also varied between the three groups but were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Vitamin E pretreatment prevented the PR, QT, and ST segment changes caused by doxorubicin. Vitamin E treatment helped to decrease the levels of CPK-MB and LDH that were increased due to myocardial damage caused by the doxorubicin. There is sufficient evidence to believe that vitamin E protects the rat myocardium from doxorubicin-induced damage.
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