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Liu S, Zhu A, Chang X, Sun Y, Zhou H, Sun Y, Zou L, Sun Y, Su L. [Role of nitrative stress in nano nickel oxide-induced lung injury in rats]. WEI SHENG YAN JIU = JOURNAL OF HYGIENE RESEARCH 2016; 45:563-567. [PMID: 29903323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the subchronic lung injury induced by nano nickel oxide( nano NiO) and its mechanism from the view of nitrative stress in rats. METHODS A total of 40 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, control group( normal saline), 0. 015, 0. 06 and 0. 24 mg / kg nano NiO groups and 0. 24 mg / kg micro NiO group. Rats received intratracheally instilled nano NiO, micro NiO and normal saline twice a week for 6 weeks, respectively. All rats were sacrificed after the exposure to obtain lung tissues. HE staining was used to observe the lung pathological changes. The content of nitric oxide, and the activities of total nitric oxide synthase( TNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase( iNOS) in pulmonary tissue homogenate were measured by microplate reader. The levels of interleukin-2( IL-2), transforminggrowth factor-beta( TGF-β), interferon-gamma( IFN-γ) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine( 8-OHd G) in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA). RESULTS The results of lung histopathology showed that the widened alveolar speta, inflammatory infiltration and nanoparticles deposition increased with the increasing dosage of nano NiO. Compared to control group, the content of NO and the activities of TNOS and iNOS in 0. 24 mg / kg nano NiO group increased in lung homogenate( P < 0. 05). The levels of IL-2, TGF-β and IFN-γ in nano NiO 0. 06 and 0. 24 mg /kg group were higher than that of control group, and the level of 8-OHd G increased in nano NiO 0. 24 mg / kg group when compared to control group in serum( P < 0. 05). Compared to micro NiO group, the levels of NO and iNOS in lung homogenate, and the serum levels of IL-2 and 8-OHd G increased after exposed to 0. 24 mg / kg nano NiO in rats( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION Nano NiO can lead to lung injury in rats which may be related with nitrative stress reaction based on pulmonary inflammation.
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Su Z, Liu G, Song X, Liang B, Chang X, Huang D. CpG island evolution in the mammalian DHRS4 gene cluster and its role in the regulation of gene transcription. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2016; 15:gmr7752. [PMID: 27323117 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 4 (DHRS4) gene is copied during mammalian evolution; therefore, while only one DHRS4 gene is expressed in the mouse genome, the gene cluster consists of two (DHRS4 and DHRS4L1) and three (DHRS4, DHRS4L2, and DHRS4L1) copies in chimpanzees and humans, respectively. In this study, we explored the possible regulatory mechanism of the DHRS4 gene cluster in mammalian evolution by analyzing the promoter sequence, methylation of CpG islands, and RNA expression of the DHRS4 gene cluster in mice, chimpanzees, and humans by bioinformatics prediction, bisulfite sequencing PCR, and real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR. The results indicated that the DHRS4 gene was actively expressed in the three model species. The RNA level of DHRS4L1 was much lower than those of DHRS4 and DHRS4L2, and expressed lower homologous sequence identity to DHRS4 and DHRS4L2. DHRS4L2, the latest evolutionary copy of the DHRS4 gene in mammals, received a high promoter prediction score, and was the only copy of the DHRS4 gene cluster presenting hypermethylated CpG islands in the promoter region. An analysis of the relationship between the promoter characteristics and RNA expression of the DHRS4 gene cluster indicated that the development of CpG islands, in addition to the promoter sequence, during mammalian evolution could modulate the dose compensatory regulation of the copy number-varied DHRS4 gene cluster.
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Chang X, Mazur T, Yang D. TU-FG-209-12: Treatment Site and View Recognition in X-Ray Images with Hierarchical Multiclass Recognition Models. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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79
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Chang X, Li K, Hu W. SU-F-T-357: Dosimetric Comparison of Automatic IMRT Planning and Manual IMRT Plan for Head and Neck Cancer. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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80
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Liu S, Wu Y, Chang X, Li H, Yang D. TU-FG-201-03: Automatic Pre-Delivery Verification Using Statistical Analysis of Consistencies in Treatment Plan Parameters by the Treatment Site and Modality. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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81
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Chang X, Kalet A, Liu S, Yang D. WE-H-BRC-06: A Unified Machine-Learning Based Probabilistic Model for Automated Anomaly Detection in the Treatment Plan Data. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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82
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Li K, Chang X, Wang J, Hu P, Hu W. SU-F-T-358: Is Auto-Planning Useful for Volumetric-Modulated Arc Therapy Planning in Rectal Cancer Radiotherapy? Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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83
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Wu Y, Chen X, Chang X, Huang YJ, Bao S, He Q, Li Y, Zheng J, Duan T, Wang K. Potential involvement of placental AhR in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion. Reprod Toxicol 2015; 59:45-52. [PMID: 26593447 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a common complication of pregnancy. Recent studies have demonstrated that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) might play important roles in establishing and maintaining early pregnancy. In this study, we found that placental AhR protein levels were significantly lower and placental CYP1A1 mRNA levels were higher in unexplained RSA (URSA) patients than in control subjects. The results of immunohistochemical analyzes showed that placental AhR was expressed in syncytiotrophoblast cells and that the level of AhR was markedly lower in these cells in URSA subjects than in control subjects. β-Naphthoflavone (β-NF, an AhR ligand) at 5μM significantly inhibited proliferation and migration in HTR-8/SVneo cells and was associated with the activation of AhR. Moreover, overexpressing AhR in JAR cells significantly increased CYP1A1 mRNA levels and inhibited cell migration. These results indicate that AhR is highly activated in URSA placentas and that the activation of AhR in the placenta might impair trophoblast cell proliferation and migration, possibly leading to the occurrence of URSA.
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Lei H, Hu X, Zhu P, Chang X, Zeng Y, Hu C, Li H, Hu X. Nano-level position resolution for particle tracking in digital in-line holographic microscopy. J Microsc 2015; 260:100-6. [PMID: 26239892 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional particle tracking in biological systems is a quickly growing field, many techniques have been developed providing tracking characters. Digital in-line holographic microscopy is a valuable technique for particle tracking. However, the speckle noise, out-of-focus signals and twin image influenced the particle tracking. Here an adaptive noise reduction method based on bidimensional ensemble empirical mode decomposition is introduced into digital in-line holographic microscopy. It can eliminate the speckle noise and background of the hologram adaptively. Combined with the three-dimensional deconvolution approach in the reconstruction, the particle feature would be identified effectively. Tracking the fixed beads on the cover-glass with piezoelectric stage through multiple holographic images demonstrate the tracking resolution, which approaches 2 nm in axial direction and 1 nm in transverse direction. This would facilitate the development and use in the biological area such as living cells and single-molecule approaches.
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Yang D, Wu Y, He G, Chang X, Olsen L, Mutic S. SU-E-T-218: Comprehensive Plan Integrity and Quality Check by Accessing Eclipse Planning Data Remotely Via a Novel Eclipse-API Client-Server Interface. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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86
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Chang X, Yang D. SU-D-BRD-01: An Automated Physics Weekly Chart Checking System Supporting ARIA. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4923867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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87
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Chang X, Yang D. MO-F-CAMPUS-J-02: Automatic Recognition of Patient Treatment Site in Portal Images Using Machine Learning. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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88
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Chang X, Xie Y, Wu J, Tang M, Wang B. Toxicological Characteristics of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle in Rats. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 15:1135-1142. [PMID: 26353623 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.8998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to examine liver, heart and kidney injury, immune response, and other physiological effect in rats caused by intratracheal instillation of nano titanium dioxide (TiO2) for 28 days, we assessed T lymphocytes counts, hematological indices, biochemical parameters, cytokines assay and histopathological changes in nano TiO2 treated rats. Indeed, rats treated with nano TiO2 displayed a reduction in body weight and coefficients of the hearts. Edema and loose cytoplasm on liver cells were found in nano groups. The results showed that a statistically significant increased in the BUN, HTC and AST levels than those in control group. Our data suggested that the immunologically competent cells of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ caused by nano TiO2 32 mg/kg group were significantly lower than control group. The ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ from the nano 32 mg/kg group was significantly increased and showed a disturbance of cellular immune function. But ELISA analysis showed that no significant changes in IFN-γ and IL-4 were observed throughout the experimental period in this study.
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Liu Z, Sun Y, Su L, Sun Y, Kong S, Chang X, Guo F, Li W, Guo J, Li J. Effects of cisplatin on testicular enzymes and Sertoli cell function in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.2131/fts.2.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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90
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Chang X, Zhou L, Tang M, Wang B. Association of fine particles with respiratory disease mortality: a meta-analysis. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2015; 70:98-101. [PMID: 24965327 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2013.807763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Short-time exposure to high levels of fine particles (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter≤2.5 μm; PM2.5) may trigger respiratory disease, but this association has not been determined. The objective of this study was to evaluate and quantify the short-time exposure to fine particles on respiratory disease mortality. Published articles were obtained from electronic databases and a validity assessment was used. The meta-analysis was conducted with the incorporation of good-quality studies. After applying the inclusion criteria, 9 articles were included in the study. The methodological qualities of the published studies were good, and every study achieved a score of 3. Fine particles were significantly associated with an increase in respiratory mortality risk (for every 10 μg/m3 increment, rate difference [RD]=1.32%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.95%-1.68%; p=.000). These findings indicate that short-time exposure to fine particles could increase the risk of respiratory disease mortality.
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Mei Q, Ye Y, Zhu YL, Cheng J, Chang X, Liu YY, Li HR, Li JB. Testing the mutant selection window hypothesis in vitro and in vivo with Staphylococcus aureus exposed to fosfomycin. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 34:737-44. [PMID: 25424036 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2285-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to test the mutant selection window (MSW) hypothesis in vitro and in vivo with Staphylococcus aureus exposed to fosfomycin. With the in vitro time-kill studies, S. aureus ATCC 29213 [with a minimal concentration that inhibits colony formation by 99% (MIC99) of 2.2 μg/mL and a mutant prevention concentration (MPC) of 57.6 μg/mL] lost fosfomycin susceptibility at antibiotic concentrations (2×, 4×, and 8× MIC) that are between the lower and upper boundaries of the MSW. In the tissue-cage model, S. aureus was exposed to fosfomycin pharmacokinetics at concentrations below the MIC99, between the MIC99 and the MPC, and above the MPC, respectively. Changes in susceptibility and counts of total and resistant viable bacteria were monitored in tissue-cage fluid obtained daily. However, the selection of resistant mutants was not observed during antibacterial treatment and 48 h after the termination of fosfomycin treatment, regardless of the fosfomycin dosage. Besides, we found no differences between the in vitro-isolated mutant and its sensitive parental strain, which indicates the absence of fitness cost of fosfomycin resistance in S. aureus ATCC 29213. These findings demonstrate that agar plate determinations do not fit the MSW for fosfomycin treatment of rabbits infected with S. aureus ATCC 29213; therefore, the existence of the window must be demonstrated not only in vitro but also in vivo. Further research is needed on the exact mechanism of resistance.
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Mielcarek M, Rattray I, Osborne G, Jolinon N, Dick J, Bondulich M, Franklin S, Ahmed M, Benjamin A, Goodwin D, Lazell H, Chang X, Lehar A, Wood T, Munoz-Sanjuan I, Howland D, Smith D, Lee S, Greensmith L, Bates G. M09 Myostatin Inhibition as a Novel Approach to Targeting Muscle Pathology in HD. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-309032.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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93
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Chang X, Yue L, Liu W, Wang Y, Wang L, Xu B, Wang Y, Pan J, Yan X. CD38 and E2F transcription factor 2 have uniquely increased expression in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissues. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 176:222-31. [PMID: 24397353 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to find novel rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-specific gene expression by simultaneously comparing the expression profiles of the synovial tissues from patients with RA, osteoarthritis (OA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The Illumina Human HT-12 v4 Expression BeadChip was used to investigate the global gene expression profiles in synovial tissues from RA (n = 12), OA (n = 14) and AS (n = 7) patients. By comparing the profiles in synovial tissues from RA, OA and AS, we identified the CD38, ankyrin repeat domain 38 (ANKRD38), E2F transcription factor 2 (E2F2), craniofacial development protein 1 (CFDP1), cluster of differentiation (CD)7, interferon-stimulated exonuclease gene 20 kDa (ISG20) and interleukin-2 receptor gamma (IL)-2RG genes as differentially expressed gene expression in RA synovial tissues. The increased expression of CD38, E2F2 and IL-2RG, as revealed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with synovial tissues from RA (n = 30), OA (n = 26) and AS patients (n = 20), was in agreement with the microarray data. Immunohistochemistry revealed significant CD38 expression and E2F2 in synovial membranes from RA patients (n = 5). The CD38(+) cells had high a percentage in the RA patients' blood (n = 103) and in the CD3(+) and CD56(+) subsets. The CD38(+) cell percentage was correlated significantly with RF level (P = 0·026) in RA patients. The IL-1α and IL-β levels were depressed significantly in the culture medium of RA synovial fibroblast cells (n = 5) following treatment with siRNAs targeting the E2F2 or CD38 genes. This study suggests that the uniquely increased expression of CD38 and E2F2 in RA synovial tissues contribute to the immunoactivation of the disease.
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Xiong H, Tan D, Wang S, Song S, Yang H, Gao K, Liu A, Jiao H, Mao B, Ding J, Chang X, Wang J, Wu Y, Yuan Y, Jiang Y, Zhang F, Wu H, Wu X. Genotype/phenotype analysis in Chinese laminin-α2 deficient congenital muscular dystrophy patients. Clin Genet 2014; 87:233-43. [PMID: 24611677 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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95
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Zheng D, Zhao Y, Shen Y, Chang X, Ju S, Guo L. Orexin A-mediated stimulation of 3β-HSD expression and testosterone production through MAPK signaling pathways in primary rat Leydig cells. J Endocrinol Invest 2014; 37:285-92. [PMID: 24515297 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-013-0035-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orexin A (ORA) regulates food intake, energy metabolism, gastrointestinal and reproductive functions. AIM The purpose of this study was to demonstrate whether the expression of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and testosterone was stimulated by ORA and mediated through mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in rat Leydig cells. METHODS Primary Leydig cells were isolated from male rat testes, cultured, and treated with ORA under various conditions. RESULTS Orexin receptor 1 (OX (1) R) mRNA, but not orexin receptor 2 mRNA, was detected in primary Leydig cells. ORA up-regulated the expression of OX( 1) R mRNA and protein in a dose-responsive manner and increased the phosphorylation of extracellular receptor kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 MAPK levels, but did not affect the phosphorylation of the JNK MAPK. Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs by ORA was blocked with U0126 and SB203580 inhibitors, respectively. An OX(1)R-specific inhibitor, SB334867, also blocked the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 by ORA. Inhibitor treatment also blocked 3β-HSD expression and testosterone production. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that ORA activation of OX(1)R up-regulates 3β-HSD expression and testosterone production via the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs signaling pathways in primary rat Leydig cells.
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Chang X, Fu Y, Zhang Y, Tang M, Wang B. Effects of Th1 and Th2 cells balance in pulmonary injury induced by nano titanium dioxide. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:275-283. [PMID: 24378593 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To explore the potential immunoregulatory mechanisms linking nano TiO₂ and pulmonary injury, Sprague Dawley rats were exposed by intra-tracheal instillation to nano TiO₂ with the individual doses of 0.5, 4.0 and 32 mg/kgb.w., micro TiO₂ with 32 mg/kgb.w. and 0.9% NaCl, respectively. The exposure was conducted twice a week, for four consecutive weeks. The results of lung histology demonstrated increased macrophages accumulation, extensive disruption of alveolar septa, slight alveolar thickness and expansion hyperemia. Mitochondria tumefaction organelles dissolution, endoplasmic reticulum expansion and the gap of nuclear broadening were shown. The changes of IFN-γ and IL-4 level showed no statistical difference. The mRNA expression of GATA-3 was up-regulated, whereas T-bet was significantly down-regulated. The protein expression of T-bet decreased and there were significant differences in nano 4 and 32 mg/kg groups. The imbalance of Th1/Th2 cytokines might be one of the mechanisms of immunotoxicity of respiratory system induced by nano TiO₂ particles.
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Chang X, Liu GG, He KL, Shen ZC, Peng YF, Ye GY. Efficacy evaluation of two transgenic maize events expressing fused proteins to CrylAb-susceptible and -resistant Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2013; 106:2548-2556. [PMID: 24498757 DOI: 10.1603/ec13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (GuenCe), is a major pest of maize in China. Transgenic Bt maize could provide an effective way to control this pest. However, the potential of resistance evolution has been documented in the laboratory-a CrylAb-resistant strain of Asian corn borer (Asian corn borer-AbR) could survive well on two Bt maize events, that is, MON810 and Bt11. Pyramided transgenic crops with multiple dissimilar Bt insecticidal proteins offer a superior route for pests control compared with that with one Bt single gene. In this study, two novel transgenic Bt maize events (N30 and V3), which contained a fused gene Cry1Ab/Cry2Aj and CrylAb /Vip3DA, respectively, were evaluated for their efficacy on protection against CrylAb-susceptible Asian corn borer (Asian corn borer-BtS) as well as their potential for dealing with the Asian corn borer-AbR. In laboratory bioassay, no neonate larvae of Asian corn borer-BtS fed on the whorl leaves, tassels, husks, silks, and kernels of N30 and V3 could survive at 96 h after infestation. In contrast, only 2.0-8.7% larvae died as they fed on non-Bt maize tissues. As Asian corn borer-AbR neonate larvae fed on N30 and V3 silks and kernels, 95.0% even more larvae were killed at 96 h after infestation, and all died at 168 h after infestation, while 10.0-11.67% larvae survived on non-Bt control. In the field test under artificial infestation at middle whorl leaf and silking stages of maize, there were no significant leaf, silk, and stalk damage on Bt maize plants by comparison with severe leaf feeding, stalk born, and ear damage in control, in addition, the expression profiles of a fused protein of CrylAb/Cry2Aj or CrylAb/Vip3DA in different tissues of N30 and V3 were also confirmed. In conclusion, it is clear that both Bt maize events (N30 and V3) show great potential for protecting maize from attack by Asian corn borer that has resistance to Cry1Ab protein.
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Chang X. Association between asymptomatic carotid stenosis and cognitive function: A systematic review. J Neurol Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.1267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Chang X, Zhang X, Li X, Xu M, Zhao H, Fang W, Yao F. Use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in tracheal surgery: a case series. Perfusion 2013; 29:159-62. [PMID: 23928316 DOI: 10.1177/0267659113497072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review our experience of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in airway management during tracheal surgery. METHODS A retrospective, observational study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in tracheal surgery in Shanghai Chest Hospital between 2008 and 2012. RESULTS In all 91 tracheal surgeries, 7 high-risk cases used extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The duration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support ranged from 10 min to 31 min. All extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients underwent surgical procedures safely and there was no hospital mortality. CONCLUSIONS Although various advanced anesthesia techniques can ensure a safe airway in tracheal surgery in most cases, extracorporeal circulation plays an important role in high-risk cases.
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Chang X, Zhang Y, Tang M, Wang B. Health effects of exposure to nano-TiO2: a meta-analysis of experimental studies. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2013; 8:51. [PMID: 23351429 PMCID: PMC3599498 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-8-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The paper is aimed to investigate the toxicity of nano-TiO2 and its potential harmful impact on human health using meta-analysis of in vitro and short-time animal studies. Data were retrieved according to included and excluded criteria from 1994 to 2011. The combined toxic effects of nano-TiO2 were calculated by the different endpoints by cell and animal models. From analysis of the experimental studies, more than 50% showed positive statistical significance except the apoptosis group, and the cytotoxicity was in a dose-dependent but was not clear in size-dependent manner. Nano-TiO2 was detained in several important organs including the liver, spleen, kidney, and brain after entering the blood through different exposure routes, but the coefficient of the target organs was altered slightly from animal models. It is possible that nano-TiO2 can induce cell damage related to exposure size and dose. Further studies will be needed to demonstrate that nanoparticles have toxic effects on human body, especially in epidemiological studies.
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