1101
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Abstract
The vasodilator effects of carbon monoxide (CO) were studied in an isolated perfused rat thoracic aorta preparation. Thoracic aortas from male Sprague-Dawley laboratory rats were dissected free of surrounding tissue, cannulated proximally, and tethered to in situ length. The vessels were perfused with oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit (KH) solution at 37 degrees C in a constant flow system with a circumferentially-applied, pulsatile (300/min), basal "systolic" pressure of 100 mm Hg. Aortas were precontracted with high-potassium (K+) or norepinephrine (NE). Changes in perfusion pressure were indicative of changes in vascular resistance induced by the test gas mixtures. Oxygen (O2) content of the perfusate was kept constant, while CO and nitrogen (N2) were altered. CO (2.5, 5 and 10%) dilated both K+-contracted and NE-contracted aortas in a dose-dependent manner. A significant vasodilation in response to 5% CO (24.5% of maximal), but not to 5% N2, was obtained in the K+-contracted aortas. After the endothelium was removed chemically, the aortas continued to dilate in response to CO. These results suggest that CO has a direct vasorelaxant effect on vascular smooth muscle which is nonspecific and is not endothelium-dependent.
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1102
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Abstract
Hematoheme displays a potent cytolytic activity toward erythrocytes either in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and a halide ion (system I) or in the presence of oxygen and a reducing agent (system II). In system I it resembles the cytotoxic activity of various peroxidases, whereas in system II it resembles the destructive activity of bleomycin and a variety of metal complexes. Both types of reactions presumably involve the generation of active oxygen species, which are responsible for the damaging effects. In a first attempt to compare the chemical mechanisms of the two types of reactions we used various traps and scavengers of active oxygen species. Tryptophan as well as tyrosine and uric acid were found to be potent inhibitors of the hematoheme-H2O2-halide reaction but do not significantly inhibit the hematoheme-O2-ascorbate reaction. Pyridine, on the other hand, inhibits the oxygen-mediated reaction, but does not affect the peroxide-halide-mediated activity. The cytolytic activity of photoactivated hematoporphyrin, which involves the generation of singlet oxygen, is activated by pyridine and is strongly inhibited by diphenylisobenzofuran. The latter compound is a weak activator of both hematoheme reactions. We conclude that the two hematoheme reactions proceed by two different mechanisms and probably generate different toxic intermediates. The results further suggest that the toxic intermediate generated by photoactivated hematoporphyrin (singlet oxygen) does not play a dominant role in either of the two hematoheme reactions.
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1103
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Lin H, Hong Y. A preliminary discussion of the marital inhabiting status of the elderly. POPULATION RESEARCH (PEKING, CHINA) 1987; 4:29-33. [PMID: 12315239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
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1104
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McFaul SJ, Lin H, Everse J. The mechanism of peroxidase-mediated cytotoxicity. I. Comparison of horseradish peroxidase and lactoperoxidase. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE. SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 1986; 183:244-9. [PMID: 3763597 DOI: 10.3181/00379727-183-42413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics of the cytolytic activity expressed by lactoperoxidase and horseradish peroxidase toward erythrocytes in the presence of H2O2 and iodide have been investigated at physiological pH. The action of both enzymes was found to be very similar with respect to their kinetic mechanisms. Both enzymes showed saturation kinetics at higher enzyme concentrations under conditions where substrate concentrations were not limiting. Optimal concentrations of H2O2 and iodide were found to be 40 and 25 microM, respectively, for both enzymes. Higher concentrations of H2O2 inhibited the cytolytic activity. The pH dependence of the cytolytic reaction is also very similar for both enzymes, showing maximal activity at about pH 6.3. Moreover, the cytolytic activities of both enzymes were inhibited by tyrosine, tryptophan, cysteine, and to a lesser extent by histidine. We conclude from these data that the mechanisms of horseradish peroxidase and lactoperoxidase in promoting the lysis of erythrocytes are closely related if not identical.
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1105
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Lin H, Everse J. The cytotoxic activity of hematoporphyrin: studies on the possible role of transition metals. BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE AND METABOLIC BIOLOGY 1986; 36:60-9. [PMID: 3741702 DOI: 10.1016/0885-4505(86)90107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hematoporphyrin acquires a potent cytolytic activity toward erythrocytes when activated by visible light. Considerable evidence has been obtained suggesting that this toxic activity is mediated by certain active oxygen species, including singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radicals. These active oxygen species have also been proposed as intermediates in the toxic activity of peroxidases, hemin, and a variety of metal complexes. Unlike hematoporphyrin, all these compounds contain a liganded Fe atom, which appears to play a central role in the activation of molecular oxygen. In order to ascertain whether the generation of active oxygen by hematoporphyrin may also involve the participation of a metal ion we have compared the cytolytic activity of hematoporphyrin with that of hematoheme. The participation of a metal ion in the light-activated hematoporphyrin reaction was ruled out on the basis of four criteria: no increase in cytolytic activity was observed upon the addition of Fe or Cu ions; no evidence could be obtained for the incorporation of a metal ion into hematoporphyrin during light activation; hematoporphyrin is a more potent cytolytic agent than hematoheme on an equimolar basis; and the activities of the two cytolytic agents are affected differently by various activators and inhibitors of the toxic reaction. Our results further indicate that the mechanism of the cytolytic activity promoted by light-activated hematoporphyrin is distinctly different from that promoted by hematoheme in the presence of ascorbate. We conclude that the two cytolytic reactions are most likely propagated by two different forms of active oxygen.
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1106
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Sun Y, Lin H, Low P. The nonspecific interaction of water with the surfaces of clay minerals. J Colloid Interface Sci 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9797(86)90126-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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1107
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Lin H. Star Wars Software. Science 1986; 233:403-4. [PMID: 17794549 DOI: 10.1126/science.233.4762.403-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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1108
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Melcher U, Steffens DL, Lyttle DJ, Lebeurier G, Lin H, Choe IS, Essenberg RC. Infectious and non-infectious mutants of cauliflower mosaic virus DNA. J Gen Virol 1986; 67 ( Pt 7):1491-8. [PMID: 3723112 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-67-7-1491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutants of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV), generated in vitro by modification of recombinant DNA plasmids containing the viral genome, either retained the ability to induce disease symptoms on turnip plants, produced less severe symptoms or failed to induce symptoms. Wild-type symptoms were produced by a variant CaMV DNA of the Cabbage S isolate that had 4 bp in open reading frame (ORF) III replaced with a 16 bp sequence. Less severe symptoms, due to a delay in symptom appearance relative to inoculation with wild-type DNA, were induced by a mutant with a frameshift mutation in ORF II (pSA103). CaMV DNA, recovered from plants infected with pSA103, contained a second mutation which restored the original translation reading frame. Nucleic acid hybridization to 'squishes' of leaf tissue from plants that had been inoculated with mutant DNAs that included DNAs modified in each of the six major ORFs of CaMV DNA revealed that only those plants that appeared diseased had detectable CaMV nucleic acid in uninoculated leaves. Replicated CaMV DNA was also not detected in non-encapsidated and virion DNA fractions from inoculated leaves of non-diseased plants.
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1109
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Wu H, He XJ, Zhou H, Wang SZ, Lin H. [Effect of a large dose of thyroxin on pancreatic protein release in rats]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1986; 8:234-6. [PMID: 2946467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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1110
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Pearson FC, Weary ME, Sargent HE, Novitsky TJ, Lin H, Lindsay G, Berzofsky RN, Lane AL, Wilson JD, Cooper JF. Comparison of several control standard endotoxins to the National Reference Standard Endotoxin--an HIMA collaborative study. Appl Environ Microbiol 1985; 50:91-3. [PMID: 3896144 PMCID: PMC238577 DOI: 10.1128/aem.50.1.91-93.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A collaborative study, initiated under the auspices of the Health Industry Manufacturers Association (HIMA), was designed to establish the relationship of Escherichia coli O55:B5 endotoxin (the control standard endotoxin of HIMA and the Food and Drug Administration's Office of Medical Devices) to the U.S. National Reference Standard Endotoxin and to two internationally used control standard endotoxins. By using two Limulus amoebocyte lysate test systems, it was established that the E. coli O55:B5 endotoxin lot originally used by HIMA and the Office of Medical Devices to establish Limulus amoebocyte lysate release test criteria for pyrogen testing of medical devices contains approximately 4.5 endotoxin units (EU) per ng. Thus, the 1.0-ng/kg endotoxin dose limit currently established for medical devices is approximately the same as the 5.0-EU/kg endotoxin limit (on an activity basis) established by several other Food and Drug Administration agencies for human and animal parenteral drugs and biological products.
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1111
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Lin H, Heyer W. [New way of contact-free temperature determination]. DAS DENTAL-LABOR. LE LABORATOIRE DENTAIRE. THE DENTAL LABORATORY 1985; 33:619-20. [PMID: 3862623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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1112
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1113
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Phillips GL, Herzig RH, Lazarus HM, Fay JW, Wolff SN, Mill WB, Lin H, Thomas PR, Glasgow GP, Shina DC. Treatment of resistant malignant lymphoma with cyclophosphamide, total body irradiation, and transplantation of cryopreserved autologous marrow. N Engl J Med 1984; 310:1557-61. [PMID: 6374452 DOI: 10.1056/nejm198406143102403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-seven patients with malignant lymphoma in whom primary chemotherapy had failed and the prognosis was poor were treated with cyclophosphamide, total body irradiation, and transplantation of cryopreserved autologous marrow. The median time to recovery of more than 500 neutrophils per microliter and more than 10,000 platelets per microliter was 18 and 24 days, respectively. Complete remission was achieved in 15 patients (56 per cent), five of whom were in continuous remission at this writing 19 to 71 months after transplantation without further therapy and one of whom was alive in a subsequent remission at 20 months. Fifteen patients died of lymphoma, three of interstitial pneumonitis, two of sepsis, and one of congestive heart failure. This experience shows that intensive therapy and autologous-marrow transplantation can produce prolonged remissions in patients with malignant lymphoma in whom conventional chemotherapy has failed.
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1114
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Lin H, Levy RH, Lane EA, Gordon WP. Variability in the determination of fraction metabolized in a triangular metabolic problem and its resolution with stable isotope methodology. J Pharm Sci 1984; 73:285-7. [PMID: 6707907 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600730242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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1115
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Ji XJ, Liu Y, Lin H, Liu ZM. [Metabolism of homoharringtonine in rats and mice]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1982; 17:881-8. [PMID: 7183119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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1116
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Arisawa M, Makino T, Lin H, Ohno T, Iizuka R. In vitro effect of LH-releasing factor on the content of cyclic cytidine 3' 5' monophosphate (c-CMP) in the rat anterior pituitary. ENDOCRINOLOGIA JAPONICA 1982; 29:241-4. [PMID: 6290203 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj1954.29.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The effect of LH-RF on pituitary content of cyclic cytidine 3' 5' monophosphate (c-CMP), one of the newly detected cyclic nucleotides, was examined by the RIA procedure. In results showed that the pituitary content of c-CMP was lower than in various other organs of the rat. When incubated in vitro in the presence of 0.5 ng LH-RF/ml incubation medium, c-CMP content of the anterior pituitaries was reduced slightly, but the difference was not statistically significant when compared with the controls. No difference in c-CMP content was observed between the controls and the 5 ng LH-RF/ml group. C-CMP content in the rat anterior pituitary tissue did not change significantly during an in vitro time-course study (5, 15, and 30 min.) in the presence of 5 ng LH-RF/ml. In contrast, c-AMP content of the pituitary was significantly (P less than 0.05) elevated by the stimulation of 5 ng of LH-RF/ml at a 15 minutes of incubation. These data suggest that c-CMP content, unlike c-AMP, might not be changed significantly by hypothalamic gonadotropin releasing hormone.
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1117
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Lin H. [Surgical treatment of pleural mesothelioma--a report of 7 cases (author's transl)]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 1982; 4:29-31. [PMID: 7094801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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1118
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Nir I, Lin H. The skeleton, an important site of lipogenesis in the chick. ANNALS OF NUTRITION & METABOLISM 1982; 26:100-5. [PMID: 7081951 DOI: 10.1159/000176551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Studies in vitro and in vivo with chicks using 14C-1-acetate have shown that the bone could be an important site of lipogenesis. The in vitro relative activities of various bones in incorporating 14C into fatty acids varied from one tenth to one third of hepatic activity. The bone marrow activity attained about two thirds that of the liver. In vitro and in vivo activities of bones were highly correlated (r = 0.902). The activity of compact parietal bones was the lowest. Estimates of lipogenesis in vivo in various tissues (% of total incorporation) were as follows: liver, 45; skeleton, 23; skin and small intestine, 6. Incorporation by muscles, adipose tissue and kidneys were negligible.
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1119
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Sakai M, Makino T, Suekane H, Lin H, Yokokura T, Iizuka R. [Study on anterior-pituitary function during pregnancy and puerperium by radioimmunoassay of human FSH-subunits (author's transl)]. NIHON SANKA FUJINKA GAKKAI ZASSHI 1981; 33:2065-71. [PMID: 6802910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In order to observe the anterior pituitary function of pregnant women in terms of FSH secretion, specific and sensitive radioimmunoassays for human FSH-alpha and -beta subunits were utilized for this study. Blood levels of hFSH-alpha during pregnancy increase acutely and the values of the subunits are as follows: 428.0 +/- 92.64 ng/ml (mean +/- SE., 5-10 weeks of gestation), 962.8 +/- 132.5 ng/ml (11-20 weeks), 1889.0 +/- 137.60 ng/ml (21-30 weeks), 2959 +/- 323.40 ng/ml (31-40 weeks). After child delivery, serum levels of hFSH-alpha decreased to 22.92 ng/ml. In contrast, blood levels of hFSH-beta were not altered significantly through gestation. hFSH-beta subunits: 1.97 +/- 0.74 ng/ml (5-10 weeks of gestation), 2.66 +/- 0.52 ng/ml (11-20 weeks), 2.27 +/- 0.52 ng/ml (21-30 weeks), 2.07 +/- 0.37 ng/ml (31-40 weeks), respectively.
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1120
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Huang GJ, Gu XZ, Liu FS, Wang ZY, Zhang DW, Zhang RG, Wang GQ, Lin H, Wang LJ, Cheng GY. [Further studies on the separate entity of intraluminal type of esophageal carcinoma (author's transl)]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 1981; 3:110-2. [PMID: 7307889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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1121
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Huang GJ, Zhang DW, Wang GQ, Lin H, Wang LJ, Liu JS, Cheng GY, Wang XJ. Surgical treatment of carcinoma of the esophagus: report of 1,647. Chin Med J (Engl) 1981; 94:305-7. [PMID: 6788466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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1122
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Chen D, Lin H. Inhibitor of peritoneal mononuclear phagocyte colony forming cells. Exp Hematol 1981; 9:240-8. [PMID: 6164564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We investigated an inhibitory factor present in mouse L-cell conditioned medium. This soluble factor, colony inhibitory factor (CIF), selectively inhibits the clonal growth of mouse peritoneal exudate (PE) macrophages in vitro. CIF appears to be a non-dialyzable macromolecule which was eluted by Sephadex G200 gel filtration at post-albumin fractions. It can be fractionated by ammonium sulfate precipitation within the range of 60%--70% saturated solution at room temperature. CIF is moderately heat labile and is destroyed by incubation at high pH. CIF is more effective on PE cells from C57 mice than on those from C3H or DBA mice. It also inhibits the clonal growth of committed stem cells for both granulocytes and macrophages present in bone marrow but to a much lesser degree. CIF is not interferon since no antiviral activity is demonstrable in the CIF preparation.
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1123
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Huang GJ, Gu XZ, Zhang RG, Zhang LJ, Zhang DW, Miao YJ, Wang LJ, Lin H, Wang GQ, Xiao QL. Combined preoperative irradiation and surgery in esophageal carcinoma. Report of 408 cases. Chin Med J (Engl) 1981; 94:73-6. [PMID: 6786841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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1124
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Huang GJ, Zhang DW, Wang GQ, Lin H, Wang LJ, Cheng GY. [The international TNM staging system for carcinoma of the lung and its evaluation as assessed by the Chinese trial clinicopathological staging system for the same disease--an analysis of 183 cases (author's transl)]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 1981; 3:30-4. [PMID: 7307878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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1125
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Lin H, Wang SC. [Studies on the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids in the liver of L-thyroxine treated mice (author's transl)]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1980; 2:246-9. [PMID: 6458376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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