High-resolution lamellar-grating Fourier-transform spectrometer for the submillimeter region

A lamellar-grating Fourier-transform spectrometer has been constructed for high-resolution studies and for general measurements in the submillimeter region. The instrument has a maximum working resolution of 0.034 cm(-1) and an accuracy of frequency of +/-0.0015 cm(-1). To illustrate the performance of the instrument, the results of high-resolution measurements of H(2)O, CO, N(2)O, and CH(3)CN gases, and, in addition, the magnetic resonance measurements of some biological substances and the refractive index measurements of some III-V compounds are presented.

Assessment of field dependence in young children

In a series of exploratory studies to develop instruments for measuring field dependence in young children, a total of 312 Japanese middle-class children, ages 5 to 6, served as subjects. Without changing the essential nature of the original test, the geometric embedded-figures test attained relatively high internal consistency (KR-20 in the .80's) and stability (R = .83 to .52, at intervals of 1.5 to 13 mo.). Correlation pattern between the Embedded Figures Test and Wechsler subscales similar to that of older subjects was influenced by the speed factor in embedded figures and Wechsler performance scales. Correlation between Kato's portable Rod-and-frame test and embedded figures was significant only in boys. In addition, the correlation pattern between the rod and frame and the preschool Wechsler was not consistent with Witkin's conceptualization. A newly developed darkroom Rod-and-Frame Test correlated with embedded figures for both sexes. Additional analyses indicated the need for more refined instructions to subjects regarding the concept of upright. Some children had more than one anchoring point for responding. Nyborg's scoring method and the relationship of Piagetian spatial concept to rod-and-frame performance are discussed.

Histochemical studies on two types of cells containing catecholamines in sympathetic ganglia of the bullfrog

The excitation/emission spectra maxima obtained from orange fluorescing small cell clusters and greenish yellow fluorescing ganglion cell bodies were at 400--410/490--560 nm and at 400--410/470--500 nm, respectively.

A New Fluoroelastomer Derived from Tetrafluoroethylene and Propylene

(1) A process to produce C2F4-C3H6 copolymer of molecular weight over 150 000 was established by exploiting a new catalyst which permits low temperature polymerization. (2) A vulcanization recipe, comprised of peroxide and TAIC, was established to give the copolymer superior vulcanizate properties. (3) Polymer structure and properties were elucidated, and the high potential as a heat-resistant elastomer was shown. (4) The resultant vulcanizate has been proved to be a unique fluoroelastomer with outstanding heat and chemical resistance as well as mechanical properties which are adequate in practice.

Study of amphibian lipids. I. Characterization of monoglycosylceramides from the skin of Rana nigromaculata (Japanese pond frog)

1. Monoglycosylceramide was isolated from the skin of Rana nigromaculata (Japanese pond frog), and further fractionated into three subgroups (Fraction I, Fraction II and Fraction III) by borate-impregnated Florisil column chromatography. 2. Fraction I and Fraction II contained mainly glucose as their hexose components, while Fraction III contained galactose. 3. Major long chain bases of Fraction I and Fraction III were D-erythro-1, 3-dihydroxy-2-amino-4-trans-octadecene (4-sphingenine) and D-erythro-1, 3-dihydroxy-2-aminooctadecane (sphinganine), whereas those of Fraction II were D-ribo-1, 3, 4-trihydroxy-2-aminooctadecane (4D-hydroxysphinganine) and 1, 3, 4-trihydroxy-2-aminoeicosane (C20 homologues of 4D-hydroxysphinganine). This is the first evidence of the presence of trihydroxy base-containing glycolipids in the skin of vertebrates. 4. All three subgroups of monoglycosylceramide contained both hydroxy and nonhydroxy fatty acids ranging from C14 and C26. Saturated fatty acids represented more than 90% of the total. Some differences of the fatty acid composition in the three subgroups were also observed.