1176
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Liu W, Mao W, Wiersma R, Luxton G, Riaz N, Xing L. TH-C-AUD C-06: Nearly Real-Time Tumor-Position Monitoring During Arc Therapy with Combined MV and KV Imaging. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2962852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1177
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Sullivan PF, Lin D, Tzeng JY, van den Oord E, Perkins D, Stroup TS, Wagner M, Lee S, Wright FA, Zou F, Liu W, Downing AM, Lieberman J, Close SL. Genomewide association for schizophrenia in the CATIE study: results of stage 1. Mol Psychiatry 2008; 13:570-84. [PMID: 18347602 PMCID: PMC3910086 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2008.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2007] [Revised: 01/07/2008] [Accepted: 01/11/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Little is known for certain about the genetics of schizophrenia. The advent of genomewide association has been widely anticipated as a promising means to identify reproducible DNA sequence variation associated with this important and debilitating disorder. A total of 738 cases with DSM-IV schizophrenia (all participants in the CATIE study) and 733 group-matched controls were genotyped for 492,900 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using the Affymetrix 500K two-chip genotyping platform plus a custom 164K fill-in chip. Following multiple quality control steps for both subjects and SNPs, logistic regression analyses were used to assess the evidence for association of all SNPs with schizophrenia. We identified a number of promising SNPs for follow-up studies, although no SNP or multimarker combination of SNPs achieved genomewide statistical significance. Although a few signals coincided with genomic regions previously implicated in schizophrenia, chance could not be excluded. These data do not provide evidence for the involvement of any genomic region with schizophrenia detectable with moderate sample size. However, a planned genomewide association study for response phenotypes and inclusion of individual phenotype and genotype data from this study in meta-analyses hold promise for eventual identification of susceptibility and protective variants.
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1178
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Rother RP, Arp J, Jiang J, Ge W, Faas SJ, Liu W, Gies DR, Jevnikar AM, Garcia B, Wang H. C5 blockade with conventional immunosuppression induces long-term graft survival in presensitized recipients. Am J Transplant 2008; 8:1129-42. [PMID: 18444931 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2008.02222.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We explored whether a functionally blocking anti-C5 monoclonal antibody (mAb) combined with T- and B-cell immunosuppression can successfully prevent antibody-mediated (AMR) and cell-mediated rejection (CMR) in presensitized murine recipients of life-supporting kidney allografts. To mimic the urgent clinical features of AMR experienced by presensitized patients, we designed a murine model in which BALB/c recipients were presensitized with fully MHC-mismatched C3H donor skin grafts one week prior to C3H kidney transplantation. Presensitized recipients demonstrated high levels of circulating and intragraft antidonor antibodies and terminal complement activity, rejecting grafts within 8.5 +/- 1.3 days. Graft rejection was predominantly by AMR, characterized by interstitial hemorrhage, edema and glomerular/tubular necrosis, but also demonstrated moderate cellular infiltration, suggesting CMR involvement. Subtherapeutic treatment with cyclosporine (CsA) and LF15-0195 (LF) did not significantly delay rejection. Significantly, however, the addition of anti-C5 mAb to this CsA/LF regimen prevented terminal complement activity and inhibited both AMR and CMR, enabling indefinite (>100 days) kidney graft survival despite the persistence of antidonor antibodies. Long-term surviving kidney grafts expressed the protective proteins Bcl-x(S/L) and A-20 and demonstrated normal histology, suggestive of graft accommodation or tolerance. Thus, C5 blockade combined with routine immunosuppression offers a promising approach to prevent graft loss in presensitized patients.
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1179
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Yang J, Bogni A, Cheng C, Bleibel WK, Cai X, Fan Y, Yang W, Rocha JCC, Pei D, Liu W, Dolan ME, Pui CH, Relling MV. Etoposide sensitivity does not predict MLL rearrangements or risk of therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2008; 84:691-7. [PMID: 18509329 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2008.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) caused by MLL rearrangements (rMLL) can arise from topoisomerase II agents. However, whether rMLL-related leukemogenesis is inextricably linked to drug cytotoxicity remains controversial. We therefore compared (i) rMLL in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who developed t-AML and those who did not, (ii) epipodophyllotoxin toxicity in patients with t-AML and in controls, and (iii) rMLL in cells sensitive to etoposide and in those resistant to etoposide. In children with ALL, rMLL appeared to be more frequent in children who developed t-AML than in those who did not (seven pairs, P = 0.04), although independent of the cumulative etoposide dose (P = 0.5). Similarly, the frequency of epipodophyllotoxin-related toxicities did not differ between patients with t-AML and controls (26 pairs, P > 0.17). Moreover, in 25 cell lines, etoposide-induced MLL fusions did not differ in sensitive vs. resistant lines at equitoxic concentrations (P = 0.65). Together, these results indicate that epipodophyllotoxin-mediated leukemogenesis is not directly linked to drug cytotoxicity.
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1180
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Nghiemphu P, Graham C, Liu W, Than T, Lai A, Green R, Elashoff RM, Cloughesy TF. A retrospective single institutional analysis of bevacizumab and chemotherapy versus non-bevacizumab treatments for recurrent glioblastoma. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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1181
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Skoberne M, Yewdall A, Bahjat KS, Lemmens E, Liu W, Lauer P, Luckett W, Dubensky TW, Brockstedt DG, Bhardwaj N. Use of KBMA Listeria monocytogenes as an antigen loading platform for dendritic cell-mediated induction of antitumor immunity. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.3044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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1182
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Maitland ML, Kasza KE, Lacouture ME, Liu W, Soltani K, Kozloff MF, Hoffman PC, Salgia R, Karrison T, Vokes EE. Refining epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) -inhibition-related rash (EIRR) phenotypes with a cetuximab (C) monotherapy stage of a phase II trial for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.8089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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1183
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Paine ML, Snead ML, Wang HJ, Abuladze N, Pushkin A, Liu W, Kao LY, Wall SM, Kim YH, Kurtz I. Role of NBCe1 and AE2 in secretory ameloblasts. J Dent Res 2008; 87:391-5. [PMID: 18362326 DOI: 10.1177/154405910808700415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The H(+)/base transport processes that control the pH of the microenvironment adjacent to ameloblasts are not currently well-understood. Mice null for the AE2 anion exchanger have abnormal enamel. In addition, persons with mutations in the electrogenic sodium bicarbonate co-transporter NBCe1 and mice lacking NBCe1 have enamel abnormalities. These observations suggest that AE2 and NBCe1 play important roles in amelogenesis. In the present study, we aimed to understand the roles of AE2 and NBCe1 in ameloblasts. Analysis of the data showed that NBCe1 is expressed at the basolateral membrane of secretory ameloblasts, whereas AE2 is expressed at the apical membrane. Transcripts for AE2a and NBCe1-B were detected in RNA isolated from cultured ameloblast-like LS8 cells. Our data are the first evidence that AE2 and NBCe1 are expressed in ameloblasts in vivo in a polarized fashion, thereby providing a mechanism for ameloblast transcellular bicarbonate secretion in the process of enamel formation and maturation.
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1184
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Tsang EP, Gosling T, Virginas B, Voudouris C, Owusu G, Liu W. Retractable contract network for empowerment in workforce scheduling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3233/mgs-2008-4103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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1185
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Mineharu Y, Liu W, Inoue K, Matsuura N, Inoue S, Takenaka K, Ikeda H, Houkin K, Takagi Y, Kikuta K, Nozaki K, Hashimoto N, Koizumi A. Autosomal dominant moyamoya disease maps to chromosome 17q25.3. Neurology 2008; 70:2357-63. [DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000291012.49986.f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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1186
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Zhang G, Niu F, Busse HJ, Ma X, Liu W, Dong M, Feng H, An L, Cheng G. Hymenobacter psychrotolerans sp. nov., isolated from the Qinghai--Tibet Plateau permafrost region. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:1215-20. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.65588-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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1187
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Chua SJ, Soh CB, Liu W, Teng JH, Ang SS, Teo SL. Quantum dots excited InGaN/GaN phosphor-free white LEDs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pssc.200778535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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1188
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Lu D, Liu W, Li H, Ji J. The application of human anterior lens capsule autotransplantation in phacotrabeculectomy: a prospective, comparative and randomized clinical study. Eye (Lond) 2008; 23:195-201. [DOI: 10.1038/eye.2008.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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1189
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Xu ZJ, Liu W, Zhang N, Wang MW, Zhu XN. Effect of intensity clamping on laser ablation by intense femtosecond laser pulses. OPTICS EXPRESS 2008; 16:3604-3609. [PMID: 18542453 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.003604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We have experimentally demonstrated that because of intensity clamping, when the laser peak power is higher than the critical power for self-focusing, further increase of the laser power cannot result in corresponding increase of the laser ablation rate of a metallic sample placed in gases. The ablation rate will finally approach a stabilized value. Also, the experimental technique implemented in our work could be potentially used to measure the self-focusing critical power and the nonlinear refractive index.
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1190
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Liu W, Hou ZC, Qu LJ, Huang YH, Yao JF, Li N, Yang N. Population Structure and Biodiversity of Chinese Indigenous Duck Breeds Revealed by 15 Microsatellite Markers. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2008. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2008.70100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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1191
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Chang C, Liu W, Zhao X, Li S, Yu C. Effect of supervised exercise intervention on metabolic risk factors and physical fitness in Chinese obese children in early puberty. Obes Rev 2008; 9 Suppl 1:135-41. [PMID: 18307716 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2007.00455.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to study the effect of long-term supervised exercise-induced weight maintenance on metabolic risk factors and physical fitness in obese children in early puberty. A total of 49 obese children aged 12-14 years were divided into control and exercise groups. The children in the exercise group accepted exercise intervention supervised by a professional sports teacher for 9 of the 12 months. All participants in both groups received health education once every 3 months. Anthropometry and fasting serum lipids, glucose, insulin and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured at months 0, 3, 9, 12 of the intervention. Physical fitness was determined before and after intervention. After the intervention (i) BMI was reduced by 0.6 (P < 0.05) in the exercise group, but increased by 0.5 (P < 0.05) in the control group, compared with the pre-intervention level at the end of 9-month intervention; (ii) Triglyceride levels in the exercise group significantly decreased by 23.1% by 3 months (P < 0.05), and by 30.2% after 9 months (P < 0.05), but increased by 50% (P < 0.05) in the control group; high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased more by 35% (P < 0.05) in the controls than in the exercise group (P < 0.05); (iii) Fasting serum glucose, insulin level and HOMA-IR decreased, respectively, by 23.1%, 36.6% and 48.5% in the exercise group at 9 months (P < 0.05), whereas glucose levels increased by 10.9% (P < 0.05) in the control group; (iv) Exercise performance, such as upper- and lower-limb strength, flexibility and endurance, were enhanced by 17.9%, 12.3%, 22.3% and 20.4% (P < 0.01), respectively and (v) At 12 months, i.e. 3 months after terminating the supervised exercise, serum triglycerides, glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR level all returned to the pre-intervention level. Supervised decrement exercise can effectively slow the progress of obesity, improve insulin sensitivity and metabolic risk factors, but once the supervised exercise is stopped, the health benefits weaken or vanish. The key to helping these obese children is for them to cultivate good exercise habits which are sustained throughout their lives.
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1192
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Hu X, Li T, Bi S, Jin Z, Zhou G, Bai C, Li L, Cui Q, Liu W. Possible role of hydrogen sulfide on the preservation of donor rat hearts. Transplant Proc 2008; 39:3024-9. [PMID: 18089314 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2007] [Accepted: 05/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to observe the preservative effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on donor rat hearts. MATERIALS AND METHODS The hearts of 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused on a Langendorff perfusion column for 30 minutes. We calculated and recorded the left ventricular-developed pressure (LVDP), and positive and negative derivatives of left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP; +dP/dt and -dP/dt). Hearts were then arrested and stored for 6 hours at 4 degrees C: group 1, Krebs-Henseleit (KH) solution; group 2, KH solution with 1 micromol/L NaHS; group 3, KH solution with 1 micromol/L NaHS and 10 micromol/L glibenclamide; group 4, St. Thomas II solution. Hearts were transferred back to the Langendorff column. After stabilizing for 30 minutes, LV performance was assessed as before. The donor hearts were kept for pathological study including myocardial water ratio, ATP content, and myocyte apoptosis index. RESULTS The recovery rates of +dp/dtmax, -dp/dtmax, and LVDP of groups 2 and 4 were much better than those of groups 1 and 3. The hearts contracted immediately after reperfusion in group 4. Ventricular fibrillation was seen before contraction in the other 3 groups, with the longest duration in group. No significant difference in myocardial water ratio was found. The ATP content was the highest in group 2. Apoptosis was observed in the 4 groups with the lowest apoptosis index in group 2. CONCLUSIONS H2S has a protective effect on rat donor hearts at the concentration of 1 micromol/L. The protective effect is better than that of St. Thomas II solution. The protective effect of H2S can be blocked by glibenclamide.
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1193
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Yuan J, Liakat Ali M, Taylor J, Liu J, Sun G, Liu W, Masilimany P, Gulati-Sakhuja A, Pauls KP. A guanylyl cyclase-like gene is associated with Gibberella ear rot resistance in maize (Zea mays L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2008; 116:465-479. [PMID: 18074115 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-007-0683-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2006] [Revised: 11/18/2007] [Accepted: 11/21/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Gibberella ear rot, caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, is a serious disease of maize (Zea mays L.) grown in northern climates. The infected maize grain contains toxins that are very harmful to livestock and humans. A maize gene that encodes a putative 267-amino acid guanylyl cyclase-like protein (ZmGC1) was characterized and shown to be associated with resistance to this disease. The putative ZmGC1 amino acid sequence is 53% identical and 65% similar to AtGC1, an Arabidopsis guanylyl cyclase. The Zmgc1 coding sequence is nearly identical in a Gibberella ear rot-resistant line (CO387) and a susceptible line (CG62) but several nucleotide sequence differences were observed in the UTRs and introns of the two alleles. Using a 463 bp probe derived from the CG62 allele of Zmgc1 and a recombinant inbred (RI) mapping population developed from a CG62 x CO387 cross, six Zmgc1 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) fragments (ER1_1, ER1_2, ER1_3, ER1_4, ER1_5, and ER5_1) were mapped on maize chromosomes 2, 3, 7, and 8. Markers ER1_1 and ER5_1 on chromosomes 7 and 8, respectively, were significantly associated with Gibberella ear rot resistance, each in three different environments. The amount of Zmgc1 transcript in ear tissues increased more quickly and to a greater extent in the resistant genotype compared to the susceptible genotype after inoculation with F. graminearum. Zmgc1 is the first guanylyl cyclase gene characterized in maize and the first gene found to be associated with Gibberella ear rot resistance in this plant.
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1194
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Levine LE, Larson BC, Tischler JZ, Geantil P, Kassner ME, Liu W, Stoudt MR. Impact of dislocation cell elastic strain variations on line profiles from deformed copper. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1524/zksu.2008.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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1195
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Li X, Liu W, Lu G. AC-026 Retrospective study on 601 IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. Reprod Biomed Online 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61530-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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1196
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Li X, Liu W, Lu GX. AC-010 Value of β-HCG on day 14 post-IVF-embryo transfer in predicting pregnancy outcome. Reprod Biomed Online 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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1197
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Ma N, Liu WL, Le HD, Jiang XY, Liu W, Liu X, Deng CF, Zhang BK, Xiang DX. High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of resveratrol analog 3,5,4'- trimethoxystilbene in rat plasma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 30:215-20. [DOI: 10.1358/mf.2008.30.3.1139052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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1198
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Huang J, Shi T, Ma T, Zhang Y, Ma X, Lu Y, Song Q, Liu W, Ma D, Qiu X. CCDC134, a novel secretory protein, inhibits activation of ERK and JNK, but not p38 MAPK. Cell Mol Life Sci 2008; 65:338-49. [PMID: 18087676 PMCID: PMC11131760 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-007-7448-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report a novel gene, CCDC134 (coiled-coil domain containing 134), that encodes a secretory protein that can inhibit the MAPK pathway as a novel human MAPK-regulating protein. The CCDC134 mRNA contains 1280 nucleotides, encoding a protein of 229 amino acids. CCDC134 is a classical secretory protein. Expression profile analysis by Northern blot, RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot reveals that CCDC134 is widely expressed in normal adult tissues, tumor tissues and cell lines. Functional investigation reveals that overexpression of CCDC134 and its purified protein significantly inhibit transcriptional activity of Elk1 and phosphorylation of Erk and JNK/SAPK but not p38 MAPK. Conversely, specific siRNA against CCDC134 activates Elk1 transcriptional activity and promotes Erk and JNK/SAPK phosphorylation. These results clearly indicate that CCDC134 is a novel member of the secretory family and down-regulates the Raf-1/MEK/ERK and JNK/ SAPK pathways.
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1199
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Muniz AS, Nobre FF, Liu H, Lyons KE, Pahwa R, Liu W, Nadal J. Assessment of the effects of subthalamic stimulation in Parkinson disease patients by artificial neural network. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2008; 2008:4700-4703. [PMID: 19163765 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2008.4650262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at applying an artificial neural network for the evaluation of the effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) on Parkinson disease (PD) patients with and without medication. A sample of 15 PD patients who have undergone STN DBS were evaluated under four test conditions: medication off and stimulation off (mof-sof), medication off and stimulation on (mof-son), medication on and stimulation off (mon-sof) and medication on and stimulation on (mon-son). A control group with 30 subjects was also evaluated. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied on vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) and the first six principal component scores (PC score) were obtained in both groups. Those PCs scores were used as input in a probabilistic neural network (PNN). PNN presented satisfactory classification performance in the separation of controls and PD with 90.1% accuracy, 69.2% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The stimulation mof-son and mon-son conditions presented better results compared to mon-sof. In the mof-son condition, 41.7% were classified as normal, while further enhancement (63.3%) was given by the mon-son condition. These results indicated the potentiality of PNN to quantitatively evaluate treatment effects. Furthermore, STN DBS shows improvement on vGRF pattern in PD patients, most substantially when used with medication.
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1200
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Pang X, Chen Z, Gao X, Liu W, Slavin M, Yao W, Yu LL. Potential of a novel polysaccharide preparation (GLPP) from Anhui-grown Ganoderma lucidum in tumor treatment and immunostimulation. J Food Sci 2007; 72:S435-42. [PMID: 17995702 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00431.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates the potential of developing novel polysaccharide-based adjuvant for tumor therapy from edible mushrooms, including Ganoderma lucidum. In the present study, a novel polysaccharide preparation (GLPP) was isolated from the fruiting body of G. lucidum grown in Anhui, China, and characterized for its physicochemical properties. GLPP had an average molecular weight of 6600 and a specific optical rotation of +25.6 degrees , contained 10.6% protein, and had a molar ratio of 0.9:15:1 for mannose, glucose, and galactose, respectively. GLPP was also investigated and compared with PSP (polysaccharopeptide preparation), a commercial antitumor and immunostimulating agent, for its antitumor and immunostimulation capacity, and potential in reducing the toxic effects induced by cyclophosphamide (Cy) treatment and Cobalt-60 ((60)Co) radiation in mice. GLPP at levels of 100 and 300 mg/kg body weight (BW)/d significantly inhibited the growth of inoculated S(180), Heps, and EAC tumor cells in mice. GLPP at a dose of 300 mg/kg BW/d showed stronger growth inhibition against all 3 tested tumor cells than PSP at 1 g/kg BW/d. GLPP also dose-dependently increased phagocytic index, phagocytic coefficient, and 50% hemolysin value in the EAC tumor-bearing mice, indicating its potential immunostimulating property. In addition, GLPP at 300 mg/kg BW/d was comparable to PSP at 1000 mg/kg BW/d in preventing the decrease of thymus index, spleen index, white blood cells, and bone marrow karyote numbers induced by Cy treatment and (60)Co radiation. These data demonstrated the potential utilization of GLPP as an adjuvant to conventional treatments of cancers and its use for cancer prevention.
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