201
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Hunter R. Gynaecologic Oncology Controversies in Cancer Treatment. Br J Cancer 1982. [DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1982.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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202
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Hunter R. Clinical Gynaecologic Oncology. Br J Cancer 1981. [DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1981.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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203
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Hunter R, Strickland F, Kézdy F. The adjuvant activity of nonionic block polymer surfactants. I. The role of hydrophile-lipophile balance. The Journal of Immunology 1981. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.127.3.1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
We developed an experimental model for studying the physicochemical basis of the adjuvant activity of surface-active agents. Pluronic polyols are chemically similar but physicochemically diverse surface-active agents composed of polymers of hydrophilic polyoxyethylene and lipophilic polyoxypropylene. One of them, L121, was found to be a powerful adjuvant for increasing antibody formation to BSA in mice when injected in an oil-in-water emulsion. Another, L101, was less effective in increasing antibody formation, but was more effective in inducing granulomatous inflammation. Three others had little effect on either response. The ability of these and other surface active agents to serve as adjuvants correlated with a physicochemical parameter, the hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB). All of the surfactants with strong adjuvant activity have HLB values of less than 2. They are strongly lipophilic and promote the retention of macromolecules by oil drops in oil-in-water emulsions. We propose that the adjuvant activity of these compounds is dependent on their ability to concentrate the adjuvant, immunogen, and host proteins on hydrophobic surfaces, where they are more effectively presented to cells of the immune system.
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204
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Hunter R, Strickland F, Kézdy F. The adjuvant activity of nonionic block polymer surfactants. I. The role of hydrophile-lipophile balance. J Immunol 1981; 127:1244-50. [PMID: 7264301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We developed an experimental model for studying the physicochemical basis of the adjuvant activity of surface-active agents. Pluronic polyols are chemically similar but physicochemically diverse surface-active agents composed of polymers of hydrophilic polyoxyethylene and lipophilic polyoxypropylene. One of them, L121, was found to be a powerful adjuvant for increasing antibody formation to BSA in mice when injected in an oil-in-water emulsion. Another, L101, was less effective in increasing antibody formation, but was more effective in inducing granulomatous inflammation. Three others had little effect on either response. The ability of these and other surface active agents to serve as adjuvants correlated with a physicochemical parameter, the hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB). All of the surfactants with strong adjuvant activity have HLB values of less than 2. They are strongly lipophilic and promote the retention of macromolecules by oil drops in oil-in-water emulsions. We propose that the adjuvant activity of these compounds is dependent on their ability to concentrate the adjuvant, immunogen, and host proteins on hydrophobic surfaces, where they are more effectively presented to cells of the immune system.
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205
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Marsland T, Griffin T, Ansell J, Hunter R. Control of intraperitoneal haemorrhage with antifibrinolytic therapy in a patient with ovarian carcinoma. Thromb Haemost 1981; 46:566. [PMID: 7302894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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206
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Hunter R. Manual of Gynaecologic Oncology. Br J Cancer 1981. [DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1981.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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207
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Rentea R, Lyon E, Hunter R. Biologic properties of iscador: a Viscum album preparation I. Hyperplasia of the thymic cortex and accelerated regeneration of hematopoietic cells following X-irradiation. J Transl Med 1981; 44:43-8. [PMID: 7453129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated that a preparation of Viscum album (Iscador) has unusual effects on the immune system. In CD-1 mice, the mean weight of the thymus increased from 45 to 85 mg. following six daily intraperitoneal injections of 2.5 mg. of Iscador. The thymic trophic influence was maintained over a long period of time. Sprague-Dawley rats treated with Iscador for 16 weeks showed an increase of 78% in thymic weight over controls. The increased weight of the thymus was due to increased proliferation of cortical thymocytes. The number of blast cells in the outer cortex of the thymus increased within 2 days of the first injection and remained at high levels. Thymocytes of Iscador-treated animals were 29 times more responsive to Concanavalin A than those of untreated controls. Iscador increased the amount of antibody produced by animals injected with sheep red blood cells if it was injected after the antigen. Iscador also had effects on hematopoietic cells. It accelerated the recovery of hematopoietic tissue in bone marrow and spleens of irradiated animals. We believe that V. album preparations may be valuable reagents for perturbing thymus function.
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Abstract
The concentrations of certain steroids in arterial and ovarian venous blood were measured in 42 postmenopausal women undergoing hysterectomy for uterine disease. A concentration gradient across the ovary was found for testosterone in 21 women, for androstenedione in 16, for estradiol in 15, for estrone in 8, and for dehydroepiandrosterone in 3. On the basis of postualated ovarian blood blow the gradient would result in a major contribution to the blood production rate for testosterone in about 50% of women and for estradiol in less than 20%. For androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, and estrone the gradients did not signify important ovarian secretion. There was no evidence for secretion of dihydrotestosterone, estrone sulfate, or dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. There were no apparent clinical correlates to indicate in which women the ovary was secreting steroids.
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209
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Horner GW, Hunter R, Thompson EJ. Isolation and characterization of a new adenovirus serotype from a yearling heifer with systemic infection. N Z Vet J 1980; 28:165-7. [PMID: 6259566 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.1980.34733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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210
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Abstract
The first reported case in Australia of a squamous carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct remnant is presented. This case shows the previously unreported feature of associated hyperthyroidism.
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211
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Hunter R. Diaphragmatic hernia in a newborn calf. Vet Med Small Anim Clin 1980; 75:315. [PMID: 6899644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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212
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213
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214
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Hunter R. The fallacy of assuming death by predation. Vet Med Small Anim Clin 1979; 74:86-8. [PMID: 256361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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215
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Howell LJ, Hunter R. Experimental infections with fowl pox in chickens. N Z Vet J 1978; 26:270-2. [PMID: 221869 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.1978.34564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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216
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Abstract
This paper describes the purification and partial characteristics of a putative oncofetal antigen, POA, which appears to be associated with the pancreas. POA is a glycoprotein of molecular weight between 800,000 and 900,000 daltons. It is found in fetal pancreas and pancreas cancer tissue, but not in normal adult pancreas. It is clearly different from carcinoembryonic antigen, other known tumor associated antigens, acute phase reactants and normal serum proteins. A quantitative rocket immunoelectrophoresis assay was developed for POA. Its specificity was monitored routinely by double immunodiffusion against known fetal and adult standards. The assay was performed on sera from over 700 patients. The results demonstrate that POA is found in the sera of most individuals. However, by far the highest absolute levels and the highest frequency of elevated levels was found in sera of patients with carcinoma of the pancreas. Elevated levels of POA were also found in the serum of a proportion of patients with carcinomas of the lung, stomach, colon, biliary tract, and breast and in a few other individuals with benign conditions. The spectrum of patients who have elevated levels of POA in their serum is quite different from that found with CEA or other known tumor markers.
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217
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Hunter R. Introduction in honour of Professor William Gissane. Injury 1978; 10:5-6. [PMID: 363623 DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1383(79)80039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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218
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Abstract
An elderly man suffering from dementia associated with hypertension developed right-sided parkinsonism marked by rigidity and flexion. At autopsy the brain showed generalized vascular changes chiefly in the white matter, diffuse plaque and neurofibrillary tangle formation in the temporal cortex, and a discrete gliotic scar in the right substantia nigra. Hemiparkinsonism with a strictly unilateral lesion confined to the substantia nigra has, to our knowledge, not been described before, and the fact that it was ipsilateral adds to its theoretical interest.
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van den Berg HW, Murphy RF, Hunter R, Elmore DT. An improved gas--liquid chromatographic assay for 5-fluorouracil in plasma. J Chromatogr 1978; 145:311-4. [PMID: 649725 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)81354-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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220
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Gelder FB, Reese CJ, Moossa AR, Hall T, Hunter R. Purification, partial characterization, and clinical evaluation of a pancreatic oncofetal antigen. Cancer Res 1978; 38:313-24. [PMID: 202385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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221
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223
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Kraemer MJ, Hunter R, Rosse C, Smith NJ. Race-related differences in peripheral blood and in bone marrow cell populations of American black and American white infants. J Natl Med Assoc 1977; 69:327-31. [PMID: 864773 PMCID: PMC2536975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study confirms that in healthy infants, a racial difference exists in peripheral blood hemoglobin levels, total leukocyte, and total neutrophil counts. Racial differences in the composition of the bone marrow are negligible. The only demonstrable difference is confined to the erythroid cell population. No significant difference exists in the incidence of myeloid cells or small lymphocytes.
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224
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Hunter R. Liver necrosis in a herd of beef cattle. Vet Med Small Anim Clin 1977; 72:609-10. [PMID: 585527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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225
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228
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Lustig JV, Rieger HL, Kraft SC, Hunter R, Rothberg RM. Humoral and cellular responses to native antigen following oral and parenteral immunization with lipid-conjugated bovine serum albumin. Cell Immunol 1976; 24:164-72. [PMID: 949746 DOI: 10.1016/0008-8749(76)90141-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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229
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Hunter R. Mental Disorder in Earlier Britain. West J Med 1976. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.6000.48-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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230
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Abstract
Dimethyl carbonate does not
decompose at temperatures up to 390�. At 300-400� ethyl methyl, diethyl, ethyl
propyl and dipropyl carbonates yield carbon dioxide, the alkene and the alcohol
at similar rates with E (kJ mol-1) 182.0, 195.0, 181.6, 182.0 and
log A (s-1) 11.72, 13.06,
11.89, 11.97, respectively. With ethyl propyl carbonate, ethylene is the
slightly favoured alkene.
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231
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Hunter R. Leptospira hardjo infection in a dairy herd. Vet Med Small Anim Clin 1975; 70:794. [PMID: 1041086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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232
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Hunter R. Sand impaction in a herd of beef cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1975; 166:1179. [PMID: 1141036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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233
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Coon J, Hunter R. Properties of conjugated protein immunogens which selectively stimulate delayed-type hypersensitivity. J Immunol 1975; 114:1518-22. [PMID: 1123546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
If bovine serum albumin (BSA) is covalently conjugated with dodecanoic acid, its ability to stimulate delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) is enhanced whereas its ability to stimulate antibody production is suppressed. Conjugates of BSA prepared with negatively charged succinyl groups and positively charged amidine groups were unable to stimulate any detectable DTH to BSA even though their ability to bind anti-BSA antibody in a radioimmunoassay was similar to that of dodecanoyl-BSA which stimulated strong, sustained DTH. By analyzing a series of conjugates of BSA with fatty acids of varying chain length, we found that enhancement of the ability of a preparation to stimulate DTH to BSA could be separated from the suppression of its ability to stimulate antibody formation. The ability of a preparation to stimulate DTH correlated with the covalent conjugation of a large number of hydrophobic groups whereas the suppression of the ability to stimulate antibody formation correlated with covering of antibody-combining sites as measured in a radioimmunoassay.
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Hunter R. Perforated ulcer in the small intestine of a mare. Vet Med Small Anim Clin 1975; 70:199. [PMID: 1037771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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238
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Hunter R, Thomson T, Reynolds CM, Pitcher PM. Fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products in cerebrospinal fluid of patients admitted to a psychiatric unit. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1974; 37:249-51. [PMID: 4829529 PMCID: PMC494636 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.37.3.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples collected from 81 of 241 patients admitted to a district psychiatric hospital during a six month period were assayed for fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) using a haemagglutination inhibition technique. FDP were found in all serum samples. Fifteen patients (18·5%) had FDP in the CSF (range 0·7-3·75 μg/ml.) and of these 13 (87%) had associated CSF protein abnormalities and 9 (60%) were hypertensive. Mean serum FDP values were the same (4·4 μg/ml.) in patients with and without FDP in the CSF. Three patients had raised serum FDP concentrations but no FDP in the CSF. The evidence suggests that the presence of FDP in CSF indicates recent central nervous system damage. In this series the most common cause was vascular disease.
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239
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Hunter R. Psychiatry and neurology. Psychosyndrome or brain disease. Proc R Soc Med 1973; 66:359-64. [PMID: 4577334 PMCID: PMC1644877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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240
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Carter ME, Cordes DO, di Menna ME, Hunter R. Fungi isolated from bovine mycotic abortion and pneumonia with special reference to Mortierella wolfii. Res Vet Sci 1973; 14:201-6. [PMID: 4616297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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241
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Hunter R, Simpson W, Young JR. An evaluation of supine and erect chest films in children. Radiography (Lond) 1973; 39:27-31. [PMID: 4783589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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242
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Hunter R. Observations on Listeria monocytogenes type 5 (Iwanow) isolated in New Zealand. Med Lab Technol 1973; 30:51-6. [PMID: 4197997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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243
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Coon J, Hunter R. Selective induction of delayed hypersensitivity by a lipid conjugated protein antigen which is localized in thymus dependent lymphoid tissue. J Immunol 1973; 110:183-90. [PMID: 4539832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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244
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Abstract
A woman of 64 died after an illness lasting 15 years and characterized by a progressive amnesic syndrome followed by global dementia. The brain showed changes typical of Alzheimer's disease. Her monozygotic twin sister was clinically not affected and died two years later of carcinoma. This is the second report of monozygotic twin sisters apparently discordant for presenile dementia of Alzheimer type.
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Hunter R. Mammography: a surgical assessment. Aust N Z J Surg 1972; 41:226-30. [PMID: 4501629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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249
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Hunter R, Barnes J, Curzon G, Kantamaneni BD, Duncan C. Effect of folic acid by mouth on cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1971; 34:571-5. [PMID: 5122385 PMCID: PMC493871 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.34.5.571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Administration of 30 mg folic acid by mouth caused a significant fall in cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid concentration in 11 subjects. There was no significant change of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration. The fall was less marked in five patients on anticonvulsant medication and failed to reach statistical significance. Neither homovanillic acid nor 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations changed significantly when 15 mg folic acid was given in divided dosage for one, two, and four weeks. The effect appeared to be related to the height of serum-folate levels reached and to be independent of cerebrospinal fluid-folate levels, which did not change significantly. Possible mechanisms and their potential therapeutic application are discussed.
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Hunter R. Why Popeye took spinach. Lancet 1971; 1:746-7. [PMID: 4101443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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