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Giamblanco N, Tuccitto N, Zappalà G, Sfuncia G, Licciardello A, Marletta G. Chelating Surfaces for Native State Proteins Patterning: The Human Serum Albumin Case. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:23353-23363. [PMID: 26425809 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The paper reports a new "soft" surface functionalization strategy, based on a highly selective ion metal chelation process. The proposed stepwise methodology implies at first the construction of a monolayer of terpyridine-based thiol (Tpy), whose highly packed structuring has been followed in situ by using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D) measurements, showing that the monolayers consist of about 2.7 × 10(14) Tpy/cm(2). Then, the tridentate sites of the each Tpy moiety are employed to partially chelate divalent metal ions, providing an effective platform to anchoring proteins by completing the metal ion coordination with an available site on the protein of interest. We report the case study of the application of the process to the HSA immobilization onto various surfaces, including Tpy-Fe(II) and Tpy-Cu(II) complexes, as well as hydrophilic bare gold substrates and hydrophobic self-assembled Tpy-based monolayers. It is shown that the chelation interaction between Tpy-Cu(II) complexes and HSA produces the highest and most robust HSA immobilization, with an adsorbed mass at the steady state of ∼800 ng/cm(2), with respect to an average adsorption of ∼350 ng/cm(2) for the other surfaces. Furthermore, Cu(II)-chelated surfaces seem to promote a sort of protein "soft" landing, preventing the ubiquitous surface-induced major unfolding and transmitting an orientation information to the protein, owing to the highly specific symmetry coordination of the Tpy-Cu(II)-protein complex. Indeed, the interaction with a specific monoclonal antiboby (anti-HSA) indicated the lack of a significant protein denaturation, while a massive reorientation/denaturation process was found for all the remaining surfaces, including the Tpy-Fe(II) complex. Finally, the metal-ion-dependent HSA immobilization selectivity has been exploited to obtain micropatterned surfaces, based on the strikingly different strength of interaction and stability observed for Fe(II) and Cu(II) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Giamblanco
- Laboratory for Molecular Surfaces and Nanoscience (LAMSUN), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania and CSGI , Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Nunzio Tuccitto
- Laboratory for Molecular Surfaces and Nanoscience (LAMSUN), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania and CSGI , Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriella Zappalà
- Laboratory for Molecular Surfaces and Nanoscience (LAMSUN), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania and CSGI , Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sfuncia
- Laboratory for Molecular Surfaces and Nanoscience (LAMSUN), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania and CSGI , Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonino Licciardello
- Laboratory for Molecular Surfaces and Nanoscience (LAMSUN), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania and CSGI , Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marletta
- Laboratory for Molecular Surfaces and Nanoscience (LAMSUN), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania and CSGI , Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
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202
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Máté G, Šimeček J, Pniok M, Kertész I, Notni J, Wester HJ, Galuska L, Hermann P. The influence of the combination of carboxylate and phosphinate pendant arms in 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-based chelators on their 68Ga labelling properties. Molecules 2015. [PMID: 26197305 PMCID: PMC6331800 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200713112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to compare the coordination properties of 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (tacn) derivatives bearing varying numbers of phosphinic/carboxylic acid pendant groups towards 68Ga, 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-7-acetic-1,4-bis(methylenephosphinic) acid (NOPA) and 1,4,7- triazacyclononane-4,7-diacetic-1-[methylene(2-carboxyethyl)phosphinic] acid (NO2AP) were synthesized using Mannich reactions with trivalent or pentavalent forms of H-phosphinic acids as phosphorus components. Stepwise protonation constants logK1-3 12.06, 3.90 and 1.95, and stability constants with GaIII and CuII, logKGaL 24.01 and logKCuL 16.66, were potentiometrically determined for NOPA. Both ligands were labelled with 68Ga and compared with NOTA (tacn-N,N',N″-triacetic acid) and NOPO, a TRAP-type [tacn-N,N',N″- tris(methylenephosphinic acid)] chelator. At pH 3, NOPO and NOPA showed higher labelling efficiency (binding with lower ligand excess) at both room temperature and 95 °C, compared to NO2AP and NOTA. Labelling efficiency at pH = 0-3 correlated with a number of phosphinic acid pendants: NOPO >> NOPA > NO2AP >> NOTA; however, it was more apparent at 95 °C than at room temperature. By contrast, NOTA was found to be labelled more efficiently at pH > 4 compared to the ligands with phosphinic acids. Overall, replacement of a single phosphinate donor with a carboxylate does not challenge 68Ga labelling of TRAP-type chelators. However, the presence of carboxylates facilitates labelling at neutral or weakly acidic pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Máté
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; E-Mails: (G.M.); (I.K.); (L.G.)
| | - Jakub Šimeček
- Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Radiochemie, Technische Universität München, Walther-Meissner-Strasse 3, D-85748 Garching, Germany; E-Mails: (J.Š.); (J.N.); (H.-J.W.)
| | - Miroslav Pniok
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 12840 Prague 2, Czech Republic; E-Mail:
| | - István Kertész
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; E-Mails: (G.M.); (I.K.); (L.G.)
| | - Johannes Notni
- Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Radiochemie, Technische Universität München, Walther-Meissner-Strasse 3, D-85748 Garching, Germany; E-Mails: (J.Š.); (J.N.); (H.-J.W.)
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Radiochemie, Technische Universität München, Walther-Meissner-Strasse 3, D-85748 Garching, Germany; E-Mails: (J.Š.); (J.N.); (H.-J.W.)
| | - László Galuska
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; E-Mails: (G.M.); (I.K.); (L.G.)
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 12840 Prague 2, Czech Republic; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +420-221-951-263; Fax: +420-221-951-253
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203
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Turan N, Körkoca H, Adigüzel R, Çolak N, Buldurun K. Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Biological Activity of Novel Cyclohexane-1,3-dione Ligands and Their Metal Complexes. Molecules 2015; 20:9309-25. [PMID: 26007185 PMCID: PMC6272191 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20059309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Some new Zn(II) and Cu(II) complexes [Cu(L1)(OAc)2]∙H2O, [Cu(L1)(NO3)H2O]∙NO3∙3.5H2O, [Zn(L1)(NO3)2]∙4.5H2O, [Zn(L1)(OAc)2(H2O)2]∙3H2O, [Cu2(L2)(OAc)4]∙2H2O∙2DMF, [Cu(L2)2]∙2NO3∙1.5DMF∙H2O, [Zn(L2)2(NO3)2]∙DMF and [Zn2(L2)(OAc)4(H2O)4]∙5H2O; L1 = 2-[2-(2-methoxyphenyl)hydrazono]cyclohexane-1,3-dione and L2 = 2-[2-(3-nitrophenyl)hydrazono]cyclohexane-1,3-dione were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H-NMR,13C-NMR and ultraviolet (UV-Vis.) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, mass spectrometry and thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA). The synthesized ligands and their complexes were tested for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Salmonella typhimurium CCM 583. Some of complexes showed medium-level antibacterial activity against the test bacteria compared with ampicillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Turan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, 49250 Muş, Turkey.
| | - Hanifi Körkoca
- Nursing Department, School of Health, Muş Alparslan University, 49250 Muş, Turkey.
| | - Ragıp Adigüzel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tunceli University, 62000 Tunceli, Turkey.
| | - Naki Çolak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Hitit University, 19100 Çorum, Turkey.
| | - Kenan Buldurun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, 49250 Muş, Turkey.
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204
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Liu Y, Guo M. Studies on transition metal-quercetin complexes using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Molecules 2015; 20:8583-94. [PMID: 25985359 PMCID: PMC6272614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20058583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To systematically study the effects of the number of d electrons of the first transition metal ions (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) on the formation and stability of metal flavonoid complexes, we took the quercetin/M2+ complex as a model system to investigate the structures and properties of these complexes. Based on considerable structural information obtained through ESI-MSn, all of the first transition metal ions (Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+) were found to form different complexes with quercetin, while with the number of chelating flavonoids decreasing along with the reduction of the metal ionic radius. Quercetin forms different complexes with the above metal divalent ions through its 5-OH and 4-carbonyl groups; the complex stability is highly dependent on both the metallic ion and the flavonoid chelator itself. As for the central ion (M2+), when chelated with quercetin to form the complex, the stability of the complex decreased in the following order: Cu2+ > Ni2+ > Co2+ > Fe2+ > Zn2+. With flavonoid: metal stoichiometries at 2:1, the complexes formed between quercetin and metal ions (Fe2+, Ni2+, Co2+ and Zn2+) have the similar fragmentation mechanism, while Cu2+ displayed different fragmentation mechanism due to the concurrent oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Mingquan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
- The Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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205
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Benkhäuser C, Lützen A. Self-assembly of heteroleptic dinuclear metallosupramolecular kites from multivalent ligands via social self-sorting. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:693-700. [PMID: 26124873 PMCID: PMC4464459 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A Tröger's base-derived racemic bis(1,10-phenanthroline) ligand (rac)-1 and a bis(2,2'-bipyridine) ligand with a central 1,3-diethynylbenzene unit 2 were synthesized. Each of these ligands acts as a multivalent entity for the binding of two copper(I) ions. Upon coordination to the metal ions these two ligands undergo selective self-assembly into heteroleptic dinuclear metallosupramolecular kites in a high-fidelity social self-sorting manner as evidenced by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Benkhäuser
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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206
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Keane PM, Poynton FE, Hall JP, Clark IP, Sazanovich IV, Towrie M, Gunnlaugsson T, Quinn SJ, Cardin CJ, Kelly JM. Enantiomeric Conformation Controls Rate and Yield of Photoinduced Electron Transfer in DNA Sensitized by Ru(II) Dipyridophenazine Complexes. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:734-738. [PMID: 26262495 DOI: 10.1021/jz502743q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Photosensitized oxidation of guanine is an important route to DNA damage. Ruthenium polypyridyls are very useful photosensitizers, as their reactivity and DNA-binding properties are readily tunable. Here we show a strong difference in the reactivity of the two enantiomers of [Ru(TAP)2(dppz)](2+), by using time-resolved visible and IR spectroscopy. This reveals that the photosensitized one-electron oxidation of guanine in three oligonucleotide sequences proceeds with similar rates and yields for bound Δ-[Ru(TAP)2(dppz)](2+), whereas those for the Λ enantiomer are very sensitive to base sequence. It is proposed that these differences are due to preferences of each enantiomer for different binding sites in the duplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Páraic M Keane
- †School of Chemistry, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - Fergus E Poynton
- †School of Chemistry, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
- §Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - James P Hall
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
- ∥Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P Clark
- ⊥Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Igor V Sazanovich
- ⊥Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Towrie
- ⊥Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- †School of Chemistry, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
- §Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Susan J Quinn
- #School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Christine J Cardin
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - John M Kelly
- †School of Chemistry, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
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207
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Dyakova L, Culita DC, Marinescu G, Alexandrov M, Kalfin R, Patron L, Alexandrova R. Metal Zn(II), Cu(II), Ni (II) complexes of ursodeoxycholic acid as putative anticancer agents. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014; 28:543-551. [PMID: 26019542 PMCID: PMC4433944 DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2014.927973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of metal [Zn(II), Cu(II), Ni(II)] complexes with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on the viability and proliferation of tumour and non-tumour cells. Cell lines established from retrovirus-transformed chicken hepatoma (LSCC-SF-Mc29) and rat sarcoma (LSR-SF-SR) as well as from human cancers of the breast (MCF-7), uterine cervix (HeLa), lung (A549) and liver (HepG2) were used as model systems. Non-tumour human embryo (Lep-3) cells were also included in some of the experiments. The investigations were carried out by the thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test, neutral red uptake cytotoxicity assay, crystal violet staining, double staining with acridine orange and propidium iodide and the colony-forming method. The results obtained revealed that: (1) UDCA and its metal complexes in the tested concentrations decreased (to a varying degree) the viability and proliferation of the treated cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner; (2) chicken hepatoma (LSCC-SF-Mc29) cells were most sensitive to the cytotoxic and antiproliferative action of the compounds tested, followed by rat sarcoma (LSR-SF-SR) cells; (3) Cu‒UDCA and Ni‒UDCA were more effective against animal LSCC-SF-Mc29 and LSR-SF-SR cells, while Zn‒UDCA significantly decreased the viability and proliferation of human tumour cell lines; (4) applied independently, UDCA expressed lower cytotoxic/cytostatic activity as compared to metal complexes; and (5) the sensitivity of the non-tumour embryonic Lep-3 cells to the effects of UDCA and its metal complexes was comparable or even higher than those of the human tumour cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lora Dyakova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Department of Synaptic Signaling and Communications, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | | | - Gabriela Marinescu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry 'Ilie Murgulescu', Romanian Academy , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Marin Alexandrov
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Department of Pathology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Reni Kalfin
- Institute of Neurobiology, Department of Synaptic Signaling and Communications, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Luminita Patron
- Institute of Physical Chemistry 'Ilie Murgulescu', Romanian Academy , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Radostina Alexandrova
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Department of Pathology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , Sofia , Bulgaria
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208
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Choy WCH, Chan WK, Yuan Y. Recent advances in transition metal complexes and light-management engineering in organic optoelectronic devices. Adv Mater 2014; 26:5368-5398. [PMID: 25042158 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201306133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Two of the recent major research topics in optoelectronic devices are discussed: the development of new organic materials (both molecular and polymeric) for the active layer of organic optoelectronic devices (particularly organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs)), and light management, including light extraction for OLEDs and light trapping for organic solar cells (OSCs). In the first section, recent developments of phosphorescent transition metal complexes for OLEDs in the past 3-4 years are reviewed. The discussion is focused on the development of metal complexes based on iridium, platinum, and a few other transition metals. In the second part, different light-management strategies in the design of OLEDs with improved light extraction, and of OSCs with improved light trapping is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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209
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Marinova P, Marinov M, Kazakova M, Feodorova Y, Penchev P, Sarafian V, Stoyanov N. Synthesis and in vitro activity of platinum(II) complexes of two fluorenylspirohydantoins against a human tumour cell line. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014; 28:316-321. [PMID: 26019515 PMCID: PMC4433959 DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2014.910363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a method for synthesis and cytotoxicity of new platinum(II) complexes of (9′-fluorene)-spiro-5-hydantoin (L1) and (9′-fluorene)-spiro-5-(2-thiohydantoin) (L2). The new obtained complexes were studied by elemental analysis: ultraviolet–visible, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and 1H- and 13C-NMR for Pt(II) compounds and additionally Raman spectroscopy for free ligands. Based on the experimental data, the most probable structure of the complexes is suggested. In the present study, we have examined cytotoxic activity of (9′-fluorene)-spiro-5-hydantoin (L1) and (9′-fluorene)-spiro-5-(2-thiohydantoin) (L2) and their Pt(II) complexes on the retinoblastoma cell line WERI-Rb-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petja Marinova
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Plovdiv , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Marin Marinov
- Faculty of Plant protection and Agroecology, Agricultural University , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Maria Kazakova
- Depatment of Biology, Medical University , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Yana Feodorova
- Depatment of Biology, Medical University , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Plamen Penchev
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Plovdiv , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
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210
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Qian X, Fuku K, Kuwahara Y, Kamegawa T, Mori K, Yamashita H. Design and functionalization of photocatalytic systems within mesoporous silica. ChemSusChem 2014; 7:1528-1536. [PMID: 24828540 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201400111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades, various photocatalysts such as TiO2, transition-metal-oxide moieties within cavities and frameworks, or metal complexes have attracted considerable attention in light-excited catalytic processes. Owing to high surface areas, transparency to UV and visible light as well as easily modified surfaces, mesoporous silica-based materials have been widely used as excellent hosts for designing efficient photocatalytic systems under the background of environmental remediation and solar-energy utilization. This Minireview mainly focuses on the surface-chemistry engineering of TiO2/mesoporous silica photocatalytic systems and fabrication of binary oxides and nanocatalysts in mesoporous single-site-photocatalyst frameworks. Recently, metallic nanostructures with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) have been widely studied in catalytic applications harvesting light irradiation. Accordingly, silver and gold nanostructures confined in mesoporous silica and their corresponding catalytic activity enhanced by the LSPR effect will be introduced. In addition, the integration of metal complexes within mesoporous silica materials for the construction of functional inorganic-organic supramolecular photocatalysts will be briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufang Qian
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 (Japan)
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211
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Lord RM, Mannion JJ, Hebden AJ, Nako AE, Crossley BD, McMullon MW, Janeway FD, Phillips RM, McGowan PC. Mechanistic and cytotoxicity studies of group IV β-diketonate complexes. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:1136-9. [PMID: 24782045 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Group IV metal complexes have previously shown promise as novel anticancer agents. Here, we discuss the mechanistic and cytotoxic nature of a series of group IV β-diketonate coordination complexes. Clear evidence that the ligands are exchangeable on the metal centre and that the β-diketonate ligands can act as potential drug delivery vehicles of the group IV metal ions was obtained. When evaluated for the cytotoxicity against human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines, a general trend of decreasing potency down the group IV metals was observed. The most promising results obtained were for the hafnium complexes, with the tris diphenyl β-diketonate hafnium complex exhibiting IC50 values of 4.9 ± 0.9 μM and 3.2 ± 0.3 μM against HT-29 and MCF-7, respectively, which are comparable with the activity of cisplatin against the same cell lines. This tri β-diketonate hafnium complex is the first to show potent in vitro cytotoxic activity. The results reported show that ligand design has a significant effect on the cytotoxic potential of the complexes, and that these group IV complexes warrant further evaluation as novel metal-containing anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rianne M Lord
- Chemistry Department, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, West Yorkshire, LS2 9JT (UK)
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212
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Kremer C, Schnakenburg G, Lützen A. Towards allosteric receptors - synthesis of β-cyclodextrin-functionalised 2,2'-bipyridines and their metal complexes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:814-24. [PMID: 24778736 PMCID: PMC3999858 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we present three new 2,2'-bipyridines that carry two β-cyclodextrin moieties in different substitution patterns. When coordinated by zinc(II) or copper(I) ions (or their complexes), these compounds undergo conformational changes and switch between "open" and "closed" forms and thereby bringing together or separating the cyclodextrin moieties from each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kremer
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- University of Bonn, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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213
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Álvarez-Fernández A, Díaz-Benito P, Abadía A, López-Millán AF, Abadía J. Metal species involved in long distance metal transport in plants. Front Plant Sci 2014; 5:105. [PMID: 24723928 PMCID: PMC3971170 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms plants use to transport metals from roots to shoots are not completely understood. It has long been proposed that organic molecules participate in metal translocation within the plant. However, until recently the identity of the complexes involved in the long-distance transport of metals could only be inferred by using indirect methods, such as analyzing separately the concentrations of metals and putative ligands and then using in silico chemical speciation software to predict metal species. Molecular biology approaches also have provided a breadth of information about putative metal ligands and metal complexes occurring in plant fluids. The new advances in analytical techniques based on mass spectrometry and the increased use of synchrotron X-ray spectroscopy have allowed for the identification of some metal-ligand species in plant fluids such as the xylem and phloem saps. Also, some proteins present in plant fluids can bind metals and a few studies have explored this possibility. This study reviews the analytical challenges researchers have to face to understand long-distance metal transport in plants as well as the recent advances in the identification of the ligand and metal-ligand complexes in plant fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Javier Abadía
- Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station (CSIC)Zaragoza, Spain
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214
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Hovorka R, Hytteballe S, Piehler T, Meyer-Eppler G, Topić F, Rissanen K, Engeser M, Lützen A. Self-assembly of metallosupramolecular rhombi from chiral concave 9,9'-spirobifluorene-derived bis(pyridine) ligands. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:432-41. [PMID: 24605163 PMCID: PMC3943293 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new 9,9'-spirobifluorene-based bis(4-pyridines) were synthesised in enantiopure and one also in racemic form. These ligands act as concave templates and form metallosupramolecular [(dppp)2M2L2] rhombi with cis-protected [(dppp)Pd](2+) and [(dppp)Pt](2+) ions. The self-assembly process of the racemic ligand preferably occurs in a narcissistic self-recognising manner. Hence, a mixture of all three possible stereoisomers [(dppp)2M2{(R)-L}2](OTf)4, [(dppp)2M2{(S)-L}2](OTf)4, and [(dppp)2M2{(R)-L}{(S)-L}](OTf)4 was obtained in an approximate 1.5:1.5:1 ratio which corresponds to an amplification of the homochiral assemblies by a factor of approximately three as evidenced by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The racemic homochiral assemblies could also be characterised by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Hovorka
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sophie Hytteballe
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Torsten Piehler
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Meyer-Eppler
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Filip Topić
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marianne Engeser
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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215
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Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs such as cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin are widely applied for the treatment of various types of tumours. Over the last few decades, a large variety of Pt(II) and Pt(IV) complexes have been developed to improve the applicability in a wider spectrum of cancers, increase their therapeutic window and reduce the dose-limiting side effects. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), which is the administration of a photosensitiser followed by visible light activation, is a promising route to avoid damage to healthy cells and the surrounding tissue. Transition metal complexes as photochemotherapeutic agents are an attractive option for further development in the field of photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT). These complexes exhibit different numbers and types of excited states which are easily accessible upon light irradiation, subsequently giving rise to the formation of various photoproducts that can enable a distinct mode of action. Platinum-diazido complexes are promising candidates for PACT due to the low cytotoxicity when irradiated with visible light. This review summarises the mode of action of current platinum anticancer drugs with cisplatin as a lead example and the development of non-conventional Pt(II) complexes. Background information regarding PDT the photophysical and photochemical properties of metal complexes is provided, as well as notable examples of photoactivated metal complexes with biological activity. Particular emphasis is placed on recent developments on platinum photoactivated drugs.
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216
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Nardon C, Boscutti G, Fregona D. Beyond platinums: gold complexes as anticancer agents. Anticancer Res 2014; 34:487-492. [PMID: 24403506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The accidental discovery of the anticancer properties of cisplatin in the mid-1960s triggered the development of alternative platinum-based drugs. However, the platinum-based treatment of tumor diseases is massively hampered by severe side-effects and development of resistance. Sulfur-containing biomolecules play a significant role in platinum anticancer chemotherapy because of their high affinity to the platinum(II) ion. Sulfur is involved in the entire metabolic processing of platinum drugs. Strong and irreversible binding of cisplatin to intracellular thiolato ligands is considered a major step of inactivation, and reactions with sulfur donors in proteins are believed to affect enzymatic processes. Consequently, the development of novel metal-based compounds with a pharmacological profile different from that of clinically-established platinum drugs is a major goal of modern medicinal chemistry and drug design. Among the non-platinum antitumor agents, gold(III) complexes have recently gained increasing attention due to their strong tumor cell growth-inhibiting effects, generally achieved by exploiting non-cisplatin-like mechanisms of action. The real breakthrough is not simply the use of gold compounds to treat cancer, but the rational design of gold-based drugs which may be very effective, non-toxic and potentially selective towards cancer cells, their potential impact relying on the possible site-specific delivery in localized cancer, thus strongly improving cellular uptake and minimizing unwanted side-effects. Cancer cells are known to overexpress specific proteins and receptors needed for tumor growth. Among them, two integral plasma membrane proteins mediate the cellular uptake of di- and tripeptides and peptide-like drugs. They are present predominantly in epithelial cells of the small intestine, bile duct, mammary glands, lung, choroid plexus, and kidney but are also localized in other tissues and are up-regulated in some types of tumors. Accordingly, we have been designing gold(III)-peptide dithiocarbamato derivatives which combine both the antitumor properties and reduced side-effects of the previously reported gold(III) analogues with enhanced bioavailability and tumor selectivity achieved by exploiting peptide transporters. Our compounds showed interesting cytotoxic properties towards a number of cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo on xenograft models, together with negligible organ and acute toxicity. With respect to their mechanisms of action, we identified mitochondria and proteasome as major in vitro and in vivo targets. These results allowed the filing of an international patent for the use of gold(III) peptidomimetics in cancer chemotherapy, as well as providing a solid starting point for them to enter phase I clinical trials in a few months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Nardon
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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217
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Zhou W, Håkansson K. Electron capture dissociation of divalent metal-adducted sulfated N-glycans released from bovine thyroid stimulating hormone. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2013; 24:1798-806. [PMID: 23982932 PMCID: PMC3867818 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0700-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Sulfated N-glycans released from bovine thyroid stimulating hormone (bTSH) were ionized with the divalent metal cations Ca(2+), Mg(2+), and Co by electrospray ionization (ESI). These metal-adducted species were subjected to infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) and electron capture dissociation (ECD) and the corresponding fragmentation patterns were compared. IRMPD generated extensive glycosidic and cross-ring cleavages, but most product ions suffered from sulfonate loss. Internal fragments were also observed, which complicated the spectra. ECD provided complementary structural information compared with IRMPD, and all observed product ions retained the sulfonate group, allowing sulfonate localization. To our knowledge, this work represents the first application of ECD towards metal-adducted sulfated N-glycans released from a glycoprotein. Due to the ability of IRMPD and ECD to provide complementary structural information, the combination of the two strategies is a promising and valuable tool for glycan structural characterization. The influence of different metal ions was also examined. Calcium adducts appeared to be the most promising species because of high sensitivity and ability to provide extensive structural information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
| | - Kristina Håkansson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
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218
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Willenbacher J, Altintas O, Roesky PW, Barner-Kowollik C. Single-chain self-folding of synthetic polymers induced by metal-ligand complexation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 35:45-51. [PMID: 24123407 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The controlled folding of a single polymer chain is for the first time realized by metal- complexation. α,ω-Bromine functional linear polymers are prepared via activators regenerated by electron transfer (ARGET) ATRP (M¯n,SEC = 5900 g mol(-1) , Đ = 1.07 and 12 000 g mol(-1) , Đ = 1.06) and the end groups of the polymers are subsequently converted to azide functionalities. A copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction is carried out in the presence of a novel triphenylphosphine ligand and the polymers to afford homotelechelic bis-triphenylphosphine polymeric-macroligands (MLs) (M¯n,SEC = 6600 g mol(-1) , Đ = 1.07, and 12 800 g mol(-1) , Đ = 1.06). Single-chain metal complexes (SCMCs) are formed in the presence of Pd(II) ions in highly diluted solution at ambient temperature. The results derived via (1) H and (31) P{(1) H} NMR experiments, SEC, and DLS unambiguously evidence the efficient formation of SCMCs via metal ligand complexation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Willenbacher
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany; Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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219
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Abstract
Quinolones are synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotics with good oral absorption and excellent bioavailability. Due to the chemical functions found on their nucleus (a carboxylic acid function at the 3-position, and in most cases a basic piperazinyl ring (or another N-heterocycle) at the 7-position, and a carbonyl oxygen atom at the 4-position) quinolones bind metal ions forming complexes in which they can act as bidentate, as unidentate and as bridging ligand, respectively. In the polymeric complexes in solid state, multiple modes of coordination are simultaneously possible. In strongly acidic conditions, quinolone molecules possessing a basic side nucleus are protonated and appear as cations in the ionic complexes. Interaction with metal ions has some important consequences for the solubility, pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of quinolones, and is also involved in the mechanism of action of these bactericidal agents. Many metal complexes with equal or enhanced antimicrobial activity compared to the parent quinolones were obtained. New strategies in the design of metal complexes of quinolones have led to compounds with anticancer activity. Analytical applications of complexation with metal ions were oriented toward two main directions: determination of quinolones based on complexation with metal ions or, reversely, determination of metal ions based on complexation with quinolones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Uivarosi
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia St, Bucharest 020956, Romania.
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220
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Abstract
This short review highlights some of the exciting new experimental and theoretical developments in the field of photoactivatable metal complexes and their applications in biotechnology and medicine. The examples chosen are based on some of the presentations at the Royal Society Discussion Meeting in June 2012, many of which are featured in more detail in other articles in this issue. This is a young field. Even the photochemistry of well-known systems such as metal-carbonyl complexes is still being elucidated. Striking are the recent developments in theory and computation (e.g. time-dependent density functional theory) and in ultrafast-pulsed radiation techniques which allow photochemical reactions to be followed and their mechanisms to be revealed on picosecond/nanosecond time scales. Not only do some metal complexes (e.g. those of Ru and Ir) possess favourable emission properties which allow functional imaging of cells and tissues (e.g. DNA interactions), but metal complexes can also provide spatially controlled photorelease of bioactive small molecules (e.g. CO and NO)--a novel strategy for site-directed therapy. This extends to cancer therapy, where metal-based precursors offer the prospect of generating excited-state drugs with new mechanisms of action that complement and augment those of current organic photosensitizers.
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221
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Yu M, Lim NH, Ellis S, Nagase H, Triccas JA, Rutledge PJ, Todd MH. Incorporation of Bulky and Cationic Cyclam-Triazole Moieties into Marimastat Can Generate Potent MMP Inhibitory Activity without Inducing Cytotoxicity. ChemistryOpen 2013; 2:99-105. [PMID: 24551546 PMCID: PMC3703814 DOI: 10.1002/open.201300014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitory activity of a cyclam-marimastat conjugate and its metal complexes are described. The conjugate, synthesized with a copper(I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition ("click" reaction), contains two zinc-binding groups (ZBGs). The metal complexation behavior with copper(II) and zinc(II) was investigated using UV/Vis spectrophotometry and (1)H NMR spectroscopy, respectively, demonstrating that the first equivalent of the metal ion was chelated by the cyclam-triazole moiety rather than the hydroxamic acid site. Thus, the corresponding mononuclear metal-cyclam complexes were successfully prepared with one equivalent of the metal salt. Both the cyclam-marimastat conjugate and its metal complexes exhibited slightly reduced potency against MMP-1, but essentially identical inhibitory activity against MMP-3. The conjugate and its metal complexes displayed little or no cytotoxicity, further supporting their potential suitability for imaging MMP localization and activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that describes the incorporation of metal complexes into an MMP inhibitor without influencing the preexisting ZBG, and the first report of the evaluation of structures containing more than one ZBG as MMP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Yu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney Sydney, NSW 2006 (Australia)
| | - Ngee H Lim
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford 65 Aspenlea Road, London W6 8 LH (United Kingdom)
| | - Samantha Ellis
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney Sydney, NSW 2006 (Australia)
| | - Hideaki Nagase
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford 65 Aspenlea Road, London W6 8 LH (United Kingdom)
| | - James A Triccas
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney Sydney, NSW 2006 (Australia)
| | - Peter J Rutledge
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney Sydney, NSW 2006 (Australia)
| | - Matthew H Todd
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney Sydney, NSW 2006 (Australia)
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222
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Kuroiwa K, Masaki Y, Koga Y, Deming TJ. Self-assembly of discrete metal complexes in aqueous solution via block copolypeptide amphiphiles. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:2022-35. [PMID: 23337202 PMCID: PMC3565363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14012022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The integration of discrete metal complexes has been attracting significant interest due to the potential of these materials for soft metal-metal interactions and supramolecular assembly. Additionally, block copolypeptide amphiphiles have been investigated concerning their capacity for self-assembly into structures such as nanoparticles, nanosheets and nanofibers. In this study, we combined these two concepts by investigating the self-assembly of discrete metal complexes in aqueous solution using block copolypeptides. Normally, discrete metal complexes such as [Au(CN)(2)]-, when molecularly dispersed in water, cannot interact with one another. Our results demonstrated, however, that the addition of block copolypeptide amphiphiles such as K(183)L(19) to [Au(CN)(2)]- solutions induced one-dimensional integration of the discrete metal complex, resulting in photoluminescence originating from multinuclear complexes with metal-metal interactions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed a fibrous nanostructure with lengths and widths of approximately 100 and 20 nm, respectively, which grew to form advanced nanoarchitectures, including those resembling the weave patterns of Waraji (traditional Japanese straw sandals). This concept of combining block copolypeptide amphiphiles with discrete coordination compounds allows the design of flexible and functional supramolecular coordination systems in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Kuroiwa
- Department of Nanoscience, Faculty of Engineering, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; E-Mails: (Y.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yoshitaka Masaki
- Department of Nanoscience, Faculty of Engineering, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; E-Mails: (Y.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yuko Koga
- Department of Nanoscience, Faculty of Engineering, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; E-Mails: (Y.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Timothy J. Deming
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; E-Mail:
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223
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Ibrahim MM, Ali HM, Abdullah MA, Hassandarvish P. Acute toxicity and gastroprotective effect of the Schiff base ligand ¹H-indole-3-ethylene-5-nitrosalicylaldimine and its nickel (II) complex on ethanol induced gastric lesions in rats. Molecules 2012; 17:12449-59. [PMID: 23090023 PMCID: PMC6268460 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171012449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was performed to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of Schiff base ligand derived from the condensation reaction of tryptamine (an indole derivative) and 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde (TNS) and its nickel (II) complex against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. The compounds were orally administered with low (30 mg/kg) and high (60 mg/kg) doses to ulcer-induced Sprague-Dawley rats. Macroscopically, the ulcer control group exhibited severe mucosal injury, whereas pre-treatment with either cimetidine or TNS and its nickel (II) complex each resulted in significant protection against gastric mucosal injury. Flattening of gastric mucosal folds was also observed in rats pretreated with TNS and its nickel complex. Histological studies of the gastric wall of ulcer control group revealed severe damage of gastric mucosa, along with edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer compared to rats pre-treated with either cimetidine or TNS and its nickel (II) compound, where there was marked gastric protection along with reduction of edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer. Acute toxicity study done on mice with a higher dose of 5 g/kg of TNS and its nickel (II) complex did not manifest any toxicological signs. Research finding suggest that TNS and its nickel (II) complex could be considered as effective gastroprotective compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdullah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (M.A.); (P.H.)
| | - Pouya Hassandarvish
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (M.A.); (P.H.)
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224
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Gwaram NS, Ali HM, Khaledi H, Abdulla MA, Hadi AHA, Lin TK, Ching CL, Ooi CL. Antibacterial evaluation of some Schiff bases derived from 2-acetylpyridine and their metal complexes. Molecules 2012; 17:5952-71. [PMID: 22609786 PMCID: PMC6269056 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17055952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of Schiff bases derived from 2-acetylpyridne and their metal complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, NMR, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectral studies. The complexes were screened for anti-bacterial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Acinetobacter baumanni (AC), Klebsiella pneumonie (KB) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) using the disc diffusion and micro broth dilution assays. Based on the overall results, the complexes showed the highest activities against MRSA while a weak antibacterial activity was observed against A. baumanii and P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nura Suleiman Gwaram
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (H.M.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (H.M.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Hamid Khaledi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (H.M.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - A. Hamid A. Hadi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (H.M.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Thong Kwai Lin
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (T.K.L.); (C.L.C.)
| | - Chai Lay Ching
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (T.K.L.); (C.L.C.)
| | - Cher Lin Ooi
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (T.K.L.); (C.L.C.)
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225
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Ajibade PA, Zulu NH. Metal complexes of diisopropylthiourea: synthesis, characterization and antibacterial studies. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:7186-98. [PMID: 22072941 PMCID: PMC3211032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12107186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Co(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Fe(III) complexes of diisopropylthiourea have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, FTIR and electronic spectroscopy. The compounds are non-electrolytes in solution and spectroscopic data of the complexes are consistent with 4-coordinate geometry for the metal(II) complexes and six coordinate octahedral for Fe(III) complex. The complexes were screened for their antibacterial activities against six bacteria: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas auriginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus pumilus. The complexes showed varied antibacterial activities and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Ajibade
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; E-Mail:
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