201
|
Winsper C, Lereya S, Marwaha S, Thompson A, Eyden J, Singh S. The Aetiological and Psychopathological Validity of Borderline Personality Disorder in Childhood and Adolescence: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eur Psychiatry 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
202
|
Owens L, Rose A, Thompson A, Pirmohamed M, Gilmore I, Richardson P. Baclofen : Maintenance of Abstinence in Alcohol Dependent Patients Attending a Joint Liver and Alcohol Treatment Clinic. Eur Psychiatry 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(15)31901-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
203
|
Marwaha S, Thompson A, Bebbington P, Singh S, Freeman D, Winsper C, Broome M. Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Symptoms and Psychosis: Epidemiological Evidence From a Population Survey in England. Eur Psychiatry 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30688-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
204
|
Alexander E, DeSouza N, Murray J, Riches S, Hazell S, Livni N, Thomas K, Giles S, Morgan V, Sohaib A, Thompson A, Dearnaley D. The Accuracy of T2- and Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance (T2W/DWI-MR) in the Detection of Intra-prostatic Tumour as Target Volume for Focal Dose-escalation using Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT). Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
205
|
Ball M, Magowan E, McCracken K, Beattie V, Bradford R, Thompson A, Gordon F. An investigation into the effect of dietary particle size and pelleting of diets for finishing pigs. Livest Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2014.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
206
|
Almatar MA, Peterson GM, Thompson A, McKenzie DS, Anderson TL. Community-acquired pneumonia: why aren't national antibiotic guidelines followed? Int J Clin Pract 2015; 69:259-66. [PMID: 25439025 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Adherence to guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has been shown to improve patients' clinical outcomes. This study aimed to assess adherence to the Australian Therapeutic Guidelines (TG14) for the empirical management of CAP, and explore the potential barriers affecting adherence to these guidelines. METHODS Medical records were reviewed for all patients who were diagnosed with CAP within 24 h of presentation at the Royal Hobart Hospital, the main teaching hospital in Tasmania, Australia, between July 2010 and March 2011. A survey of emergency department and medical team prescribers was also undertaken to identify potential barriers to adhere with the guidelines. χ(2) and Fisher's exact tests were used to test the significance between categorical data. To compare categorical and scale data, the Mann-Whitney U-test was used. RESULTS A total of 193 patient records were assessed. The overall adherence to TG14 for the empirical antibiotic management of CAP was 16.1% (3.1%, 20.7% and 25.4% for patients with mild, moderate and severe CAP, respectively). Ceftriaxone was prescribed to 34.4%, 26.8% and 57.4% of patients with mild, moderate and severe CAP, respectively. The response rate to the barrier survey was 43.1%; of those who responded, 46.4% thought the influence of senior doctors on junior doctors could be a factor affecting adherence to the guidelines. Other barriers noted were a lack of guideline awareness (39.3%), the requirement to calculate the severity of CAP (35.7%), and the existence of other guidelines that conflict with TG14 (28.6%). CONCLUSIONS Adherence to CAP treatment guidelines was poor, especially in patients with mild disease. Prescribing was mainly influenced by senior doctors. Efforts to improve compliance with CAP treatment guidelines should consider the potential barriers that hinder adherence.
Collapse
|
207
|
Nicholson S, Hanby A, Clements K, Kearins O, Lawrence G, Dodwell D, Bishop H, Thompson A. Variations in the management of the axilla in screen-detected Ductal Carcinoma In Situ: Evidence from the UK NHS Breast Screening Programme audit of screen detected DCIS. Eur J Surg Oncol 2015; 41:86-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
208
|
Wilner AN, Sharma BK, Thompson A, Soucy A, Krueger A. Diagnoses, procedures, drug utilization, comorbidities, and cost of health care for people with epilepsy in 2012. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 41:83-90. [PMID: 25461195 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.08.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to identify the top MD-office, inpatient and outpatient diagnoses, procedures, drug classes, comorbidities, and cost of health care for people with epilepsy. We examined health insurance claims for 8388 persons with epilepsy (females = 52%, males = 48%; average age = 35 years; privately insured = 78%, and Medicaid-insured = 22%) from eight health insurance plans for the year 2012. All of the top three diagnoses for MD-office place of service were either for other convulsions (780.39) or for epilepsy (345.90 and 345.40). Two of the top three primary diagnosis codes from the inpatient hospital and emergency department places of service were 780.39 and 345.90 for convulsions and epilepsy, respectively, while the third code was 786.50 for chest pain. The top three procedures from the MD-office setting were for immunizations (90471 and 90658) and blood counts (85025). The top three procedure codes from the outpatient hospital setting were 85025 for complete blood count, 80053 for comprehensive metabolic panel, and 80048 for basic metabolic panel. In the emergency department, the top three procedures were electrocardiogram (93010), computed tomography (70450), and chest X-ray (71020). The top five drug classes among prescription drugs billed using an NDC code were (1) anticonvulsants, (2) analgesic-opioids, (3) antidepressants, (4) penicillins, and (5) dermatologicals. The mean monthly health plan paid cost for each patient with epilepsy in 2012 was $1028 (SD = $3181). Of this total, $761 (SD = $2988; 74%) was for medical, and $267 (SD = $760; 26%) was for prescription pharmacy claims. Fifty-eight percent (58%) of the patients had one or more of 29 prespecified comorbidities, while 42% had none. Monthly health-care costs increased markedly as the number of comorbidities increased. This information should help guide cost estimates and resource allocation in order to optimally care for people with epilepsy.
Collapse
|
209
|
Weller JM, Henning M, Butler R, Thompson A. The Impact of the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists’ Specialist Examinations on Trainee Learning and Wellbeing: A Qualitative Study. Anaesth Intensive Care 2014; 42:736-44. [DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1404200609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Assessment is an essential component of any medical specialist training program and should motivate trainees to acquire and retain the knowledge and skills essential for specialist practice, and to develop effective approaches to learning, essential for continuous professional development. Ideally, this should be achieved without creating an unreasonable burden of assessment. In this qualitative study we sought to investigate the underlying processes involved in trainees’ preparation for Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists’ examinations, focusing on how the examinations helped trainees to learn the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists’ curriculum, and to identify any potential areas for improvement. We also explored the effect the examinations had on trainees’ lives, to identify if the examinations were a potential threat to their wellbeing. Using a phenomenological approach and purposive sampling, we conducted semi-structured interviews with post-fellowship trainees (n=20) selected from three different regions, with sampling continuing to achieve data saturation. We undertook a thematic analysis of the transcribed interview data utilising a general inductive approach. Our preliminary data suggest that, while the examinations are an important extrinsic motivator to learn and important for professional development, interviewees described many test-driven learning strategies, including rote learning and memorising past examination questions. A strong theme was the considerable impact on participants’ relationships and social activities for prolonged periods. Our findings support further research in this area and, in particular, into alternative testing strategies that might increase the proportion of time spent in useful study while decreasing less useful study time.
Collapse
|
210
|
Fox J, Oates R, Thompson A, Pendleton N. 54 * OUTCOMES FOLLOWING FRACTURED HUMERUS COMPARED WITH FRACTURED NECK OF FEMUR IN OLDER ADULTS IN SALFORD. Age Ageing 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afu130.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
211
|
Thompson A, Jones H, Marqueze E, Gregson W, Atkinson G. The effects of evening bright light exposure on subsequent morning exercise performance. Int J Sports Med 2014; 36:101-6. [PMID: 25285469 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1389970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of evening bright light on the circadian timing of core temperature and morning exercise performance under conditions of high thermal stress. At 20:00 h, 8 males were exposed to a standardised light protocol and thereafter to either polychromatic bright light (2,500 lux at 50 cm, BL) or no light (0 lux, NL) for 30 min. The following morning, intermittent cycling exercise was undertaken followed by a 10 km time-trial in an environmental chamber set to 35°C and 60% relative humidity. Core body temperature was measured throughout. Data were analysed using a within-subjects model and presented as mean±SD. Time of the sleep-trough in core temperature occurred ~1.75 h later following BL (P=0.07). Prior to time-trial, core temperature was 0.27±0.42°C lower in BL (95%CI: -0.02 to 0.57, P=0.07). The time-trial was completed 1.43±0.63 min (0.98-1.87) faster in BL (P=0.001). Post time-trial, intestinal temperature was 38.21±0.56°C (37.84-38.57) in BL compared to 38.64±0.42°C (38.34-38.93) in NL (P=0.10). These data provide the first evidence that a 30-min exposure to bright light prior to sleep can influence exercise performance under hot conditions during the subsequent early morning.
Collapse
|
212
|
Lewis NCS, Jones H, Ainslie PN, Thompson A, Marrin K, Atkinson G. Influence of nocturnal and daytime sleep on initial orthostatic hypotension. Eur J Appl Physiol 2014; 115:269-76. [PMID: 25281024 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-014-3010-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of vasovagal syncope is more common in the morning. Previous researchers have reported negligible diurnal variation in the physiological responses associated with initial orthostatic hypotension (IOH). Nevertheless, physical activity and sleep prior to morning and afternoon test times have not been controlled and may influence the findings. We designed a semi-constant routine protocol to examine diurnal variation in cardiorespiratory and cerebrovascular responses to active standing. METHODS At 06:00 and 16:00 hours, nine males (27 ± 9 years) completed an upright-stand protocol. Altimetry-measured sleep durations were 3.3 ± 0.4 and 3.2 ± 0.6 h immediately prior to the morning and afternoon test times. Continuous beat-to-beat measurements of middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and end-tidal carbon dioxide were obtained. Intestinal body temperature and salivary melatonin concentrations were also measured. RESULTS Compared with the afternoon, resting HR and body temperature were 4 ± 2 beats min(-1) and 0.45 ± 0.2 °C lower, respectively, whereas melatonin concentration was 28.7 ± 3.2 pg ml(-1) higher in the morning (P ≤ 0.02). Although all individuals experienced IOH at both times of the day, the initial decline in MAP during standing was 13 ± 4 mmHg greater in the afternoon (P = 0.01). Nevertheless, the decline in MCAv was comparable at both times of day (mean difference: 2 ± 3 cm s(-1); P = 0.5). CONCLUSION These findings indicate that a bout of sleep in the afternoon in healthy young individuals results in greater IOH that is compensated for by effective cerebral blood flow regulation.
Collapse
|
213
|
Bekaii-Saab T, Noonan A, Lesinski G, Mikhail S, Ciombor K, Pant S, Aparo S, Tahiri S, Thompson A, Sexton J, Marshall J, Mace T, Wu C, El-Rayes B, Timmers C, Geyer S, Zwiebel J, Villalona-Calero M. A Multi-Institutional Randomized Phase 2 Trial of the Oncolytic Virus Reolysin in the First Line Treatment Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of the Pancreas (Map). Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu438.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
214
|
Davis KF, Colebaugh AM, Eithun BL, Klieger SB, Meredith DJ, Plachter N, Sammons JS, Thompson A, Coffin SE. Reducing catheter-associated urinary tract infections: a quality-improvement initiative. Pediatrics 2014; 134:e857-64. [PMID: 25113293 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2013-3470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are among the most common health care-associated infections in the United States, yet little is known about the prevention and epidemiology of pediatric CAUTIs. METHODS An observational study was conducted to assess the impact of a CAUTI quality improvement prevention bundle that included institution-wide standardization of and training on urinary catheter insertion and maintenance practices, daily review of catheter necessity, and rapid review of all CAUTIs. Poisson regression was used to determine the impact of the bundle on CAUTI rates. A retrospective cohort study was performed to describe the epidemiology of incident pediatric CAUTIs at a tertiary care children's hospital over a 3-year period (June 2009 to June 2012). RESULTS Implementation of the CAUTI prevention bundle was associated with a 50% reduction in the mean monthly CAUTI rate (95% confidence interval: -1.28 to -0.12; P = .02) from 5.41 to 2.49 per 1000 catheter-days. The median monthly catheter utilization ratio remained unchanged; ∼90% of patients had an indication for urinary catheterization. Forty-four patients experienced 57 CAUTIs over the study period. Most patients with CAUTIs were female (75%), received care in the pediatric or cardiac ICUs (70%), and had at least 1 complex chronic condition (98%). Nearly 90% of patients who developed a CAUTI had a recognized indication for initial catheter placement. CONCLUSIONS CAUTI is a common pediatric health care-associated infection. Implementation of a prevention bundle can significantly reduce CAUTI rates in children.
Collapse
|
215
|
Stringfellow L, Thompson A. Crab antics? Contesting and perpetuating status hierarchies in professional service firms. JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONS AND ORGANIZATION 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/jpo/jou001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
216
|
Raspoet R, Shearer N, Appia-Ayme C, Haesebrouck F, Ducatelle R, Thompson A, Van Immerseel F. A genome-wide screen identifies Salmonella Enteritidis lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and the HtrA heat shock protein as crucial factors involved in egg white persistence at chicken body temperature. Poult Sci 2014; 93:1263-9. [PMID: 24795321 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Eggs contaminated with Salmonella Enteritidis are an important source of human foodborne Salmonella infections. Salmonella Enteritidis is able to contaminate egg white during formation of the egg within the chicken oviduct, and it has developed strategies to withstand the antimicrobial properties of egg white to survive in this hostile environment. The mechanisms involved in the persistence of Salmonella Enteritidis in egg white are likely to be complex. To address this issue, a microarray-based transposon library screen was performed to identify genes necessary for survival of Salmonella Enteritidis in egg white at chicken body temperature. The majority of identified genes belonged to the lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis pathway. Additionally, we provide evidence that the serine protease/heat shock protein (HtrA) appears essential for the survival of Salmonella Enteritidis in egg white at chicken body temperature.
Collapse
|
217
|
Roth D, Thompson A, Tang T, Hammer A, Molta C. SAT0027 Baseline Factors That PREDICT High Blys Levels (≥2 NG/ML) in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Data from the BLISS Trials. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
218
|
Thompson A, Moore L, Muller P, Thomas M. Re: comparison between prenatal ultrasound and postmortem findings in fetuses and infants with developmental anomalies. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2014; 43:715. [PMID: 24585387 DOI: 10.1002/uog.13348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
|
219
|
Simon T, Thompson A, Gandhi K, Hochberg M, Suissa S. FRI0095 Incidence of Malignancy in Adult Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: an Updated Analysis of the Literature. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
220
|
D'Arienzo PD, Duerden EG, Chau V, Thompson A, Belanger S, Poskitt KJ, Grunau RE, Synnes A, Miller SP, Moore AM. 1: Very Preterm Infants with Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Sepsis Demonstrate Slower Brain Metabolic Development. Paediatr Child Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/19.6.e35-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
221
|
Van Vollenhoven R, Petri M, Wallace D, Roth D, Molta C, Hammer A, Tang T, Thompson A. AB0496 Corticosteroid Use across 52 Weeks of Belimumab Therapy in SLE Patients with High Disease Activity: Combined Analyses from the BLISS Trials. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
222
|
Kirby MG, White ID, Butcher J, Challacombe B, Coe J, Grover L, Hegarty P, Jackson G, Lowndes A, Payne H, Rees J, Sangar V, Thompson A. Development of UK recommendations on treatment for post-surgical erectile dysfunction. Int J Clin Pract 2014; 68:590-608. [PMID: 24188207 PMCID: PMC4279873 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To develop a management strategy (rehabilitation programme) for postsurgical erectile dysfunction (ED) among men experiencing ED associated with treatment of prostate, bladder or rectal cancer that is suitable for use in a UK NHS healthcare context. METHODS PubMed literature searches of ED management together with a survey of 13 experts in the management of ED from across the UK were conducted. RESULTS Data from 37 articles and completed questionnaires were collated. The results discussed in this study demonstrate improved objective and subjective clinical outcomes for physical parameters, sexual satisfaction, and rates of both spontaneous erections and those associated with ED treatment strategies. CONCLUSION Based on the literature and survey analysis, recommendations are proposed for the standardisation of management strategies employed for postsurgical ED.
Collapse
|
223
|
Brenner M, Thompson A, Jaraczewski T, Pathak P, Roy M, King T. Inhibition of Notch signaling Reduces Healing of Splinted Cutaneous Excisional Wounds in Mice. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
224
|
Whitehouse MEA, Wilson LJ, Davies AP, Cross D, Goldsmith P, Thompson A, Harden S, Baker G. Target and nontarget effects of novel "triple-stacked" Bt-transgenic cotton 1: canopy arthropod communities. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2014; 43:218-41. [PMID: 24472211 DOI: 10.1603/en13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic cotton varieties (Bollgard II) expressing two proteins (Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab) from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been widely adopted in Australia to control larvae of Helicoverpa. A triple-stacked Bt-transgenic cotton producing Cry1Ac, Cry2Ab, and Vip3A proteins (Genuity Bollgard III) is being developed to reduce the chance that Helicoverpa will develop resistance to the Bt proteins. Before its introduction, nontarget effects on the agro-ecosystem need to be evaluated under field conditions. By using beatsheet and suction sampling methods, we compared the invertebrate communities of unsprayed non-Bt-cotton, Bollgard II, and Bollgard III in five experiments across three sites in Australia. We found significant differences between invertebrate communities of non-Bt and Bt (Bollgard II and Bollgard III) cotton only in experiments where lepidopteran larval abundance was high. In beatsheet samples where lepidopterans were absent (Bt crops), organisms associated with flowers and bolls in Bt-cotton were more abundant. In suction samples, where Lepidoptera were present (i.e., in non-Bt-cotton), organisms associated with damaged plant tissue and frass were more common. Hence in our study, Bt- and non-Bt-cotton communities only differed when sufficient lepidopteran larvae were present to exert both direct and indirect effects on species assemblages. There was no overall significant difference between Bollgard II and III communities, despite the addition of the Vip gene in Bollgard III. Consequently, the use of Bollgard III in Australian cotton provides additional protection against the development of resistance by Helicoverpa to Bt toxins, while having no additional effect on cotton invertebrate communities.
Collapse
|
225
|
Roy M, Jaraczewski T, Pathak P, Brenner M, Thompson A, King T. Development of an In Vitro Organotypic Wound Model and Application of this Model to Study the Effect of Chrysin in Accelerating Wound Healing. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
226
|
Mone F, Thompson A, Stewart MC, Ong S, Shields MD. Fetal umbilical artery Doppler pulsatility index as a predictor of cardiovascular risk factors in children – a long-term follow up study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 27:1633-6. [DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2013.871698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
227
|
Pham D, Thompson A, Kron T, Devereux T, Shaw M, Dang K, Gill S, Foroudi F, Siva S. EP-1400: Stereotactic radiotherapy for primary renal cell carcinoma: Technique and early toxicity in a single institution. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)31518-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
228
|
King E, Thompson A, Hodges C, Pett-Ridge J. Towards Understanding Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Molybdenum in the Critical Zone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeps.2014.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
229
|
Omari TI, Kritas S, Cock C, Besanko L, Burgstad C, Thompson A, Rommel N, Heddle R, Fraser RJL. Swallowing dysfunction in healthy older people using pharyngeal pressure-flow analysis. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014; 26:59-68. [PMID: 24011430 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related loss of swallowing efficiency may occur for multiple reasons. Objective assessment of individual dysfunctions is difficult and may not clearly differentiate these from normal. Pharyngeal pressure-flow analysis is a novel technique that allows quantification of swallow dysfunction predisposing to aspiration risk based on a swallow risk index (SRI). In this study, we examined the effect of ageing on swallow function. METHODS Studies were performed in 68 healthy subjects aged 20-91 years (mean 59 years; 29 male), asymptomatic for oropharyngeal disease. Swallowing of liquid and viscous boluses was recorded with a pressure-impedance catheter. Indices of swallow function including the SRI, postswallow residues, upper esophageal sphincter opening and bolus transit time were derived using purpose designed software. KEY RESULTS Swallow function worsened with increasing age with a significant decline after 80 years. Higher SRI correlated with increasing age (r = 0.257, p < 0.05 for liquids and r = 0.361, p < 0.005 viscous bolus). Subjects over 80 years were overrepresented amongst those with an SRI considered diagnostically relevant (SRI > 15). In addition, upper esophageal sphincter opening was reduced and postswallow residues increased in older subjects. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Pharyngeal pressure-flow analysis reveals multiple functional abnormalities in older individuals. The higher SRI levels seen in asymptomatic elders possibly reflect a loss of functional reserve with ageing. Automated impedance manometry analysis of swallow function may allow the risk of developing disordered swallowing to be quantified numerically.
Collapse
|
230
|
Gotz VN, Thompson A, Jones K. Developing and evaluating nurse led discharge in acute medicine. Acute Med 2014; 13:159-162. [PMID: 25521086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To develop and evaluate nurse-led discharge criteria for a clinical decision unit in a large NHS Foundation Trust METHOD Criteria for nurse led discharge were developed for patients presenting to hospital via the emergency department with chest pain, headache and deliberate self poisoning. Data on length of stay on CDU and readmission were collected for these patient groups during a 2 month period, during which the nurse-led criteria were introduced. Following introduction of the criteria a survey was conducted to evaluate staff opinions of the new system. RESULTS A trend towards reduced length of stay was noted during the month after introduction of nurse-led discharge (18.26 hrs vs 20 hours p=0.582). Our staff survey indicated that the process was popular and has been continued since the study period. CONCLUSION Nurse-led discharge using defined criteria is feasible and popular with staff in an acute medical setting.
Collapse
|
231
|
Morgan A, Fenlon D, Coles C, Armstrong A, Randle K, Thompson A, Dunn J. Abstract P3-08-09: Is it me or is it hot in here? Hot flushes (or flashes): An unmet need. UK NCRI breast clinical studies group working party on symptom management (vasomotor). Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p3-08-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Hot Flushes or Flashes are a serious problem. They impact significantly on daily life and sleep quality, affecting employment, relationships and quality of life. The only effective treatment for hot flushes is oestrogen which is contraindicated in 75% of breast cancer patients. An estimated 550,000 people now live in the UK with a diagnosis of breast cancer and up to 70% women experience disabling hot flushes which can continue for years after treatment. Studies have shown that up to 50% of patients stop taking their life-saving antioestrogen drugs before 5 years1 quite probably due to unacceptable side-effects
On the initiative of the patient advocate members of the NCRI Breast Clinical Studies Group, a Working Party on Symptom Management has been established. Members of the group have a particular interest in hot flushes and include representatives from patients, oncology, psychology, gynaecology, acupuncture and the voluntary not-for-profit sector
The Working Party audited current UK clinical practice for hot flushes in cancer with a short questionnaire circulated to the UK Breast Intergroup mailing list (about 800 breast cancer health professionals) and to the Breast Cancer Care Nursing Network (about 850 clinical nurse specialists/breast care nurses). The full results of the questionnaire will be presented
Briefly, a small number of people were prescribed hormone replacement therapy or Progesterone (Megestrol acatate), more Clonidine and Gabapentin and many selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Although SSRIs have some effect in reducing the intensity of hot flushes, they have significant side effects including sexual dysfunction, in a group of women, many of whom are already suffering sexual problems due to anti-oestrogen drugs or premature menopause. In addition, available treatments (both pharmacological and non-pharmacological) varied across the UK.
The majority (95%) of respondents to our questionnaire agreed or strongly agreed that treatment and management of hot flushes is an unmet need. The questionnaire also demonstrated inequality of access to treatment in the UK.
An exploration of the US National Cancer Institute and UK clinical trials databases revealed very few studies working in this area. 21 studies in the UK, Europe and the USA since 2006. Most trials investigate non pharmacological approaches and combinations and new versions of existing approaches.
There are no agreed guidelines for managing hot flushes after breast cancer, which may limit the access and availability of appropriate interventions. It is clear from our survey that clinicians are left making individual decisions based on personal experience and availability of local services, which has led to a patchy and inequitable position on the management of this troubling problem. There is a need for research to understand the physiology of flushing and to develop and test new interventions to address this intractable problem, which continues to be a cause of considerable distress to many women after breast cancer.
1. Makubate B et al Cohort study of adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy, breast cancer recurrence and mortality.Br J Cancer. 2013;108:1515-24.
This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment (NIHR HTA) Programme (project number 10/34/01). The views and opinions expressed therein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the HTA programme, NIHR, NHS or the Department of Health.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P3-08-09.
Collapse
|
232
|
Francis P, Lenkiewicz E, Holley T, Evers L, Thompson A, McCullough AE, Barrett MT, Pockaj BA. Abstract PD4-7: Deep clonal profiling of primary breast cancer and distant lymph node metastases. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-pd4-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Breast and other solid tumors exhibit high and varying degrees of intra-tumor heterogeneity that make the management and treatment of these diseases rather difficult. In order to study clinically relevant tumor heterogeneity in detail we performed an in-depth analysis of the clonal architecture of primary chemoradiation-naive breast cancers and their lymph node metastases. We combined DNA content-based flow cytometry and ploidy analysis with high-definition array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and next-generation sequencing technologies to interrogate the genomes and transcriptomes of multiple biopsies from the tumors and involved lymph nodes. Thus rather than inferring the presence of distinct tumor cell populations, our flow-sorting based approach of first identifying and defining the clonal populations and then interrogating their genomes provides a highly objective method of exploring the clinical significance of tumor heterogeneity in solid tumors.
Material and methods: We used DAPI-based DNA content measurements and flow sorting to isolate nuclei from distinct clonal populations of diploid and aneuploid tumor cells in surgical tumor samples and distant lymph nodes from chemoradiation naive patients. In parallel, matching samples were processed for pathological, transcriptome, and IHC based assays. Each distinct sorted tumor cell population was then interrogated with aCGH and next generation sequencing. For each patient, the detailed profiles of ploidy, copy number aberrations and mutations were used to recreate and map the lineages present in the primary tumor and lymph. In one detailed case, we used 12 fresh frozen sections morphologically mapped from within a chemo-naïve primary invasive ductal carcinoma of histological grade 3 with lymph node involvement, 2-3 fresh frozen sections from 2 out of 5 lymph nodes with metastatic carcinoma, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections from 2 more of the involved lymph nodes and 5 morphologically mapped FFPE samples of normal tissue adjacent to the tumor.
Results: We identified multiple coexisting aneuploid populations within biopsies from individual patients. Our clonal analysis determined the genomic aberrations arising in lineages that spread throughout the primary tumor and later bifurcated to distinct lymph nodes, revealing distinct therapeutic targets in the trunk and branches of the tumor. We identified driver events including high-level focal amplifications (e.g. SARC) and homozygous deletions (e.g. ROBO1 and ROBO2), that converge on distinct cellular signaling pathways.
Conclusion: The approach highlighted here has broad implications in the study of tumor heterogeneity in breast and other solid tumors by providing a unique ultra-high resolution view of tumor heterogeneity that can advance more effective treatment and clinical management of patients with this disease.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr PD4-7.
Collapse
|
233
|
Pellock S, Thompson A, He K, Mecklin C, Yang J. Validity of Darwin’s naturalization hypothesis relates to the stages of invasion. COMMUNITY ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1556/comec.14.2013.2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
234
|
Thompson A, Mone F, McComiskey M, Ong S. Amnioreduction in a singleton pregnancy: A systematic review. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2013; 33:764-7. [DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2013.832739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
235
|
Xu H, Sobue T, Thompson A, Xie Z, Poon K, Ricker A, Cervantes J, Diaz PI, Dongari-Bagtzoglou A. Streptococcal co-infection augments Candida pathogenicity by amplifying the mucosal inflammatory response. Cell Microbiol 2013; 16:214-31. [PMID: 24079976 PMCID: PMC3956708 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitis-group streptococci are ubiquitous oral commensals that can promote polybacterial biofilm virulence. Using a novel murine oral mucosal co-infection model we sought to determine for the first time whether these organisms promote the virulence of C. albicans mucosal biofilms in oropharyngeal infection and explored mechanisms of pathogenic synergy. We found that Streptococcus oralis colonization of the oral and gastrointestinal tract was augmented in the presence of C. albicans. S. oralis and C. albicans co-infection significantly augmented the frequency and size of oral thrush lesions. Importantly, S. oralis promoted deep organ dissemination of C. albicans. Whole mouse genome tongue microarray analysis showed that when compared with animals infected with one organism, the doubly infected animals had genes in the major categories of neutrophilic response/chemotaxis/inflammation significantly upregulated, indicative of an exaggerated inflammatory response. This response was dependent on TLR2 signalling since oral lesions, transcription of pro-inflammatory genes and neutrophil infiltration, were attenuated in TLR2(-/-) animals. Furthermore, S. oralis activated neutrophils in a TLR2-dependent manner in vitro. In summary, this study identifies a previously unrecognized pathogenic synergy between oral commensal bacteriaand C. albicans. This is the first report of the ability of mucosal commensal bacteria to modify the virulence of an opportunistic fungal pathogen.
Collapse
|
236
|
Thompson A, Gurtman A, Patterson S, Juergens C, Laudat F, Emini EA, Gruber WC, Scott DA. Safety of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in infants and children: Meta-analysis of 13 clinical trials in 9 countries. Vaccine 2013; 31:5289-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
237
|
Podurgiel S, Nunes E, Yohn S, Barber J, Thompson A, Milligan M, Lee C, López-Cruz L, Pardo M, Valverde O, Lendent C, Baqi Y, Müller C, Correa M, Salamone J. The vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT-2) inhibitor tetrabenazine induces tremulous jaw movements in rodents: Implications for pharmacological models of parkinsonian tremor. Neuroscience 2013; 250:507-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
238
|
Tree A, Aluwini S, Bryant H, Hall E, Incrocci L, Kaplan I, Ostler P, Sanda M, Thompson A, van As N. Successful Patient Acceptance of Randomization Within the Pace Study (Prostate Advances in Comparative Evidence). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
239
|
Watt KD, Dierkhising R, Fan C, Heimbach JK, Tillman H, Goldstein D, Thompson A, Krishnan A, Charlton MR. Investigation of PNPLA3 and IL28B genotypes on diabetes and obesity after liver transplantation: insight into mechanisms of disease. Am J Transplant 2013; 13:2450-7. [PMID: 23859071 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
To identify genetic risks for obesity and diabetes postliver transplantation (LT), LT recipients underwent genotyping for IL28B rs12979860 (n = 295) and PNPLA3 rs738409 (n = 205) polymorphism in both donors and recipients. The development of obesity and diabetes/impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was determined 1-5 years post-LT. Recipient PNPLA-3 genotype was independently associated with obesity (BMI > 30) at 3 years posttransplant (genotype CC 33.7%, CG 48.3% and GG 82.4%, p = 0.002), with an odds ratio (OR 2.54, CI 1.38-4.66, p = 0.003), associated with the G allele. Diabetes/IFG diagnosed within 5 years posttransplant associated with PNPLA-3 non-CC genotype (HR 1.59, 1.12-2.26, p = 0.010), but not IL28B TT genotype (HR 1.46, 0.94-2.27, p = 0.092). No genotype variable was independently predictive of diabetes/IFG. The combination of PNPLA-3 non-CC and IL28B TT genotype was associated with increased risk of diabetes/IFG compared to PNPLA-3 CC, IL28B non-TT (HR 2.64, CI 1.30-5.39, p = 0.008). Donor genotypes were not associated with any of the outcomes analyzed. In conclusion, PNPLA-3 non-CC genotype is associated with posttransplant obesity but not independently with diabetes/IFG. The lack of donor related risk suggests a peripheral rather than central mechanism of insulin resistance in liver transplant recipients.
Collapse
|
240
|
Senkus E, Kyriakides S, Penault-Llorca F, Poortmans P, Thompson A, Zackrisson S, Cardoso F. Primary breast cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 2013; 24 Suppl 6:vi7-23. [PMID: 23970019 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
|
241
|
Rodgers GL, Esposito S, Principi N, Gutierrez-Brito M, Diez-Domingo J, Pollard AJ, Snape MD, Martinón-Torres F, Gruber WC, Patterson S, Thompson A, Gurtman A, Paradiso P, Scott DA. Immune response to 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine with a reduced dosing schedule. Vaccine 2013; 31:4765-74. [PMID: 23965217 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) has demonstrated effectiveness against pneumococcal illnesses when administered as 3 infant doses plus a toddler dose (3+1 schedule) or as an abbreviated schedule of 2 infant doses plus a toddler dose (2+1 schedule). The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) is approved and World Health Organization-prequalified for administration in a 2+1 schedule when used as part of routine immunization programs. OBJECTIVE To summarize immunologic responses elicited by PCV13 administered in a 2+1 schedule and following 2 doses in a 3+1 schedule. METHODS Studies were double-blind, randomized, active-controlled, multicenter studies except the Mexico study (open-label, single-arm). In 2+1 studies, PCV13 was administered at 2, 4, and 12 (UK) or 3, 5, and 11 (Italy) months. In 3+1 studies (Spain and Mexico), assessment was made postdose 2 of the primary series (2, 4, and 6 months). The primary immunogenicity endpoint was the proportion of participants achieving serotype-specific antipolysaccharide immunoglobulin (Ig)G concentrations ≥ 0.35μg/mL (i.e., responders) 1 month postdose 2. Pneumococcal IgG geometric mean concentrations (GMCs), opsonophagocytic activity (OPA), and concomitant vaccine responses were assessed. RESULTS PCV13 and PCV7 elicited comparable immune responses for the 7 common serotypes after 2 infant doses. The proportion of PCV13 responders postdose 2 was >85% for most of the 7 common and 6 additional serotypes, except common serotypes 6B (27.9-81.4%) and 23F (55.8-77.5%) and additional serotypes 3 (73.8-96.9%) and 6A (79.2-94.4%). Serotypes 6B and 23F elicited lower IgG GMCs postdose 2 compared with other serotypes; all serotypes demonstrated boosting posttoddler dose. All serotypes demonstrated functional activity; >95% of participants achieved OPA levels ≥ 1:8 postdose 2. Concomitant vaccine responses were similar between PCV13 and PCV7 groups. CONCLUSION Immune responses elicited by PCV13 following 2 infant doses support transition from PCV7 to PCV13 in countries using a 2+1 schedule.
Collapse
|
242
|
Goldberg R, Smith E, Bell S, Thompson A, Desmond PV. Bortezomib monotherapy in patients with multiple myeloma is associated with reactivation of hepatitis B. Intern Med J 2013; 43:835-6. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
243
|
Gutiérrez Brito M, Thompson A, Girgenti D, Giardina PC, Sarkozy DA, Gruber WC, Emini EA, Scott DA. Immunogenicity and safety of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Mexico. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2013; 33:414-421. [PMID: 23939366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and immune responses induced by a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) after immunization of infants in Mexico. METHODS PCV13 was given with other routine childhood vaccinations to 225 infants in Mexico at ages 2, 4, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS The proportions of subjects achieving immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations ≥0.35 µg/mL after the infant series and toddler dose were ≥93.1% and ≥96.7%, respectively, for all 13 serotypes. The serotype-specific pneumococcal IgG geometric mean concentrations after the infant series and toddler dose ranged from 1.18 to 9.13 µg/mL and from 1.62 to 15.41 µg/mL, respectively. The most common local reaction and systemic event after each dose were tenderness and irritability, respectively. Most fever was mild; no fever >40.0°C (i.e., severe) was reported. One subject withdrew because of Kawasaki disease 5 days after the first dose of vaccines, but this condition was not considered related to PCV13. CONCLUSIONS Overall, PCV13 administered with routine pediatric vaccines was immunogenic and safe in healthy infants in Mexico.
Collapse
|
244
|
Watt J, Thompson A, Le Riche N, Pope JE. FRI0143 Correlation between frax score and likelihood of adherence with current osteoporosis treatment guidelines among rheumatologists caring for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.1270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
245
|
Grundgeiger T, Sanderson PM, Orihuela CB, Thompson A, MacDougall HG, Nunnink L, Venkatesh B. Prospective memory in the ICU: the effect of visual cues on task execution in a representative simulation. ERGONOMICS 2013; 56:579-589. [PMID: 23514201 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2013.765604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Despite the potential dangers of clinical tasks being forgotten, few researchers have investigated prospective memory (PM) - the ability to remember to execute future tasks - in health-care contexts. Visual cues help people remember to execute intentions at the appropriate moment. Using an intensive care unit simulator, we investigated whether nurses' memory for future tasks improves when visual cues are present, and how nurses manage PM demands. Twenty-four nurses participated in a 40-minute scenario simulating the start of a morning shift. The scenario included eight PM tasks. The presence or absence of a visually conspicuous cue for each task was manipulated. The presence of a visual cue improved recall compared to no cue (64% vs. 50%, p = 0.03 one-tailed, η(p)(2) = 0.15). Nurses used deliberate reminders to manage their PM demands. PM in critical care might be supported by increasing the visibility of cues related to tasks. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY Nurses must remember to execute multiple future tasks to ensure patient safety. We investigated the effect of visual cues on nurses' ability to remember future tasks. Experimental manipulation of cues in a representative intensive care unit simulation indicated that visual cues increase the likelihood that future tasks are executed.
Collapse
|
246
|
Thompson A. Human Papilloma Virus, Vaccination and Social Justice: An Analysis of a Canadian School-Based Vaccine Program. Public Health Ethics 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/phe/pht010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
|
247
|
Singleton R, Wenger J, Klejka JA, Bulkow LR, Thompson A, Sarkozy D, Emini EA, Gruber WC, Scott DA. The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for invasive pneumococcal disease in Alaska native children: results of a clinical trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2013; 32:257-63. [PMID: 23001026 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0b013e3182748ada] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During 1996 to 2000, Alaska Native children aged <5 years from Yukon Kuskokwim Delta (YKD) had invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) rates 10-fold higher than non-Alaska Native children (547/100,000/yr versus 56/100,000/yr). After 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) introduction, IPD rates decreased to 148 per 100,000 during 2001 to 2004, increasing to 426 per 100,000 during 2005 to 2007 due to non-vaccine serotype disease. In 2009, we evaluated safety, immunogenicity and impact of 13-valent PCV (PCV13) in YKD children. METHODS In a prelicensure open-label clinical trial, eligible YKD children aged <5 years were offered PCV13 as appropriate for age and prior PCV7 history. PCV13 impact was assessed using existing Alaska-wide IPD surveillance. Serotype-specific anti-pneumococcal IgG levels were measured postinfant series and posttoddler dose in a subset of subjects. Adverse events and serious adverse events were collected in all; local reactions and systemic events were collected in toddlers. All YKD children were offered licensed PCV13 when it became available. RESULTS Three hundred seventy-two subjects received PCV13 during the clinical trial and 3342 postlicensure (April 2010 to August 2011). Adverse events were typically mild, or generally consistent with common childhood illnesses. IgG levels following PCV13 were similar to other populations. In YKD children aged <5 years, 52 IPD cases (31 PCV13-serotype) occurred during 2005 to 2008 (399.0/100,000/yr) versus 9 (7 PCV13-serotype) during January 2009 to August 2011 (106.7/100,000/yr; P < 0.001). No PCV13-serotype cases occurred among PCV13 recipients (3680 person follow-up years). CONCLUSIONS PCV13-serotype IPD incidence declined significantly after PCV13 introduction. Although non-PCV13-serotype IPD also declined significantly, absence of PCV13-serotype IPD in children who received PCV13 suggests a protective vaccine effect.
Collapse
|
248
|
Ding NS, De Cruz P, Lim L, Thompson A, Desmond P. Androgenic-anabolic steroid drug-induced liver injury. Intern Med J 2013; 43:215-6. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
249
|
Fernández A, Noriega E, Thompson A. Inactivation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium on fresh produce by cold atmospheric gas plasma technology. Food Microbiol 2013; 33:24-9. [PMID: 23122497 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2012.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cold atmospheric gas plasma treatment (CAP) is an alternative approach for the decontamination of fresh and minimally processed food. In this study, the effects of growth phase, growth temperature and chemical treatment regime on the inactivation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) by Nitrogen CAP were examined. Furthermore, the efficacy of CAP treatment for decontaminating lettuce and strawberry surfaces and potato tissue inoculated with S. Typhimurium was evaluated. It was found that the rate of inactivation of S. Typhimurium was independent of the growth phase, growth temperature and chemical treatment regime. Under optimal conditions, a 2 min treatment resulted in a 2.71 log-reduction of S. Typhimurium viability on membrane filters whereas a 15 min treatment was necessary to achieve 2.72, 1.76 and 0.94 log-reductions of viability on lettuce, strawberry and potato, respectively. We suggest that the differing efficiency of CAP treatment on the inactivation of S. Typhimurium on these different types of fresh foods is a consequence of their surface features. Scanning electron microscopy of the surface structures of contaminated samples of lettuce, strawberry and potato revealed topographical features whereby S. Typhimurium cells could be protected from the active species generated by plasma.
Collapse
|
250
|
Azim HA, Michiels S, Zagouri F, Delaloge S, Filipits M, Namer M, Neven P, Symmans WF, Thompson A, André F, Loi S, Swanton C. Utility of prognostic genomic tests in breast cancer practice: The IMPAKT 2012 Working Group Consensus Statement. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:647-54. [PMID: 23337633 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We critically evaluated the available evidence on genomic tests in breast cancer to define their prognostic ability and likelihood to determine treatment benefit. DESIGN Independent evaluation of six genomic tests [Oncotype Dx™, MammaPrint(®), Genomic Grade Index, PAM50 (ROR-S), Breast Cancer Index, and EndoPredict] was carried out by a panel of experts in three parameters: analytical validity, clinical validity, and clinical utility based on the principles of the EGAPP criteria. PANEL STATEMENTS: The majority of the working group members found the available evidence on the analytical and clinical validity of Oncotype Dx™ and MammaPrint(®) to be convincing. None of the genomic tests demonstrated robust evidence of clinical utility: it was not clear from the current evidence that modifying treatment decisions based on the results of a given genomic test could result in improving clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS The IMPAKT 2012 Working Group proposed the following recommendations: (i) a need to develop models that integrate clinicopathologic factors along with genomic tests; (ii) demonstration of clinical utility should be made in the context of a prospective randomized trial; and (iii) the creation of registries for patients who are subjected to genomic testing in the daily practice.
Collapse
|