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Stewart R, Hu K, Li Z, Culliney B, Persky M, Jacobson A, Urken M, Tran T, Schantz S, Harrison L. Use of Cone Beam CT to Assess Midtreatment Nodal Response to Chemoradiation Therapy in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Implications for Adaptive Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.1320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Fucaloro AF, Burgess R, Chary P, Hu A, Kan E, Lakliang Y, Stewart R, Yoshino A. A Volumetric Study of Aqueous Primary Alcohols as Functions of Concentration and Temperature. J SOLUTION CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-015-0400-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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103
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Glenn JM, Gray M, Stewart R, Moyen NE, Kavouras SA, DiBrezzo R, Turner R, Baum J. Incremental effects of 28 days of beta-alanine supplementation on high-intensity cycling performance and blood lactate in masters female cyclists. Amino Acids 2015; 47:2593-600. [PMID: 26255281 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-2050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Within the aging population, there exists a subset of individuals termed masters athletes (MA). As masters-level competition increases in popularity, MA must find methods to enhance individual athletic performance. Longitudinal beta-alanine (BA) supplementation is suggested to enhance physical capability during exercise; however, these effects have not been evaluated in MA. To examine the longitudinal effects of BA on time to exhaustion (TTE), total work completed (TWC), and lactate clearance in female MA cyclists. Twenty-two female MA (age = 53.3 ± 1.0) participated in this double-blind design. Subjects were randomly assigned to BA (n = 11; 800 mg BA + 8 g dextrose) or placebo (PLA; n = 11; 8 g dextrose) groups and supplemented 4 doses/day over 28 days. Every 7 days, subjects completed a cycling TTE at 120% VO2max, and TWC was calculated. Blood lactate was measured at baseline, immediate post, and 20-min post each TTE. No significant differences existed between groups for any variable at baseline (p > 0.05). After 28 days supplementation, BA had greater TTE (23 vs 1% change) and TWC (21 vs 2% change) than PLA (p < 0.05). Following the 20-min TTE recovery, lactate was 24% lower in BA compared to PLA (4.35 vs. 5.76 mmol/L, respectively). No differences existed for variables during intermittent weeks. 28 days of BA supplementation increased cycling performance via an enhanced time to exhaustion and total work completed with associated lactate clearance during passive rest in female MA.
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Williams ED, Tillin T, Richards M, Tuson C, Chaturvedi N, Hughes AD, Stewart R. Depressive symptoms are doubled in older British South Asian and Black Caribbean people compared with Europeans: associations with excess co-morbidity and socioeconomic disadvantage. Psychol Med 2015; 45:1861-1871. [PMID: 25677948 PMCID: PMC4803046 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714002967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite elevated risk profiles for depression among South Asian and Black Caribbean people in the UK, prevalences of late-life depressive symptoms across the UK's three major ethnic groups have not been well characterized. METHOD Data were collected at baseline and 20-year follow-up from 632 European, 476 South Asian and 181 Black Caribbean men and women (aged 58-88 years), of a community-based cohort study from north-west London. The 10-item Geriatric Depression Scale was interviewer-administered during a clinic visit (depressive symptoms defined as a score of ⩾4 out of 10), with clinical data (adiposity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cognitive function) also collected. Sociodemographic, psychosocial, behavioural, disability, and medical history information was obtained by questionnaire. RESULTS Prevalence of depressive symptoms varied by ethnic group, affecting 9.7% of White European, 15.5% of South Asian, and 17.7% of Black Caribbean participants. Compared with White Europeans, South Asian and Black Caribbean participants were significantly more likely to have depressive symptoms (odds ratio 1.79, 95% confidence interval 1.24-2.58 and 1.80, 1.11-2.92, respectively). Adjustment for co-morbidities had most effect on the excess South Asian odds, and adjustment for socioeconomic position had most effect on the elevated Black Caribbean odds. CONCLUSIONS Higher prevalence of depressive symptoms observed among South Asian people were attenuated after adjustment for physical health, whereas the Black Caribbean increased prevalence was most explained by socioeconomic disadvantage. It is important to understand the reasons for these ethnic differences to identify opportunities for interventions to address inequalities.
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105
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James SS, Argento D, Stewart R. SU-C-204-05: Simulations of a Portal Imaging System for Conformal and Intensity Modulated Fast Neutron Therapy. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4923829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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106
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Moskvin V, Stewart R, Tsiamas P, Axente M, Farr J. TU-EF-304-10: Efficient Multiscale Simulation of the Proton Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) for DNA Double Strand Break (DSB) Induction and Bio-Effective Dose in the FLUKA Monte Carlo Radiation Transport Code. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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107
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Kim JM, Stewart R, Bae KY, Kang HJ, Kim SW, Shin IS, Hong YJ, Ahn Y, Jeong MH, Yoon JS. Effects of depression co-morbidity and treatment on quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndrome: the Korean depression in ACS (K-DEPACS) and the escitalopram for depression in ACS (EsDEPACS) study. Psychol Med 2015; 45:1641-1652. [PMID: 25412614 DOI: 10.1017/s003329171400275x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is common after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with adverse effects on prognosis. There is little evidence on whether depression treatment improves quality of life (QoL) in ACS patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of co-morbid depression and its treatment on QoL in ACS. METHOD In total, 1152 patients were recruited at baseline, 2-14 weeks after a confirmed ACS episode, and 828 were followed 1 year thereafter. Of 446 baseline participants with co-morbid depressive disorders, 300 were randomized to a 24-week double blind trial of escitalopram or placebo, while the remaining 146 received medical treatment only (MTO). QoL was measured by the World Health Organization Quality of Life -Abbreviated form (WHOQOL-BREF). RESULTS At baseline, QoL was significantly lower in patients with co-morbid depressive disorder than those without. QoL improvement was significantly greater in those receiving escitalopram than those receiving placebo over the 24-week treatment period. In the 1-year follow-up, the better outcomes associated with escitalopram remained evident against both placebo and MTO. CONCLUSIONS Depression was significantly associated with worse QoL even in patients with recently developed ACS. Depression treatment was associated with QoL improvement in ACS patients in the 24-week treatment period, the effects of which extended to 1 year.
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Modzelewska K, Picard D, Boer E, Miles R, Jensen R, Pysher T, Schiffman J, Jette C, Huang A, Stewart R. PM-12 * USING A ZEBRAFISH PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOR MODEL FOR PRE-CLINICAL DRUG SCREENING. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov061.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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109
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Peeler C, Taleei R, Guan F, Bronk L, Patel D, Titt U, Mirkovic D, Stewart R, Grosshans D, Mohan R. SU-F-BRD-16: Relative Biological Effectiveness of Double-Strand Break Induction for Modeling Cell Survival in Pristine Proton Beams of Different Dose-Averaged Linear Energy Transfers. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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110
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Kim M, Stewart R, Phillips M. TH-AB-BRB-07: A Feasibility Study for Personalized Fractionation Schedule for Lung Cancer. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4926138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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111
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Williams ED, Eastwood SV, Tillin T, Stewart R, Chaturvedi N, Hughes AD. Statin use is associated with reduced depressive symptoms in Europeans, but increased symptoms in ethnic minorities in the UK: an observational study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 80:172-3. [PMID: 25645209 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Bieleman H, Stewart R, Reneman M, van Ittersum M, van der Schans C, Oosterveld F. Does the physical work capacity of subjects with early osteoarthritis of hip and knee decline in five years? Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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113
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Saleeb R, Faragalla H, Yousef GM, Stewart R, Streutker CJ. Malignancies arising in allograft kidneys, with a first reported translocation RCC post-transplantation: A case series. Pathol Res Pract 2015; 211:584-7. [PMID: 26008778 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increased risk of malignancy in the post-renal transplant population has been well documented. Renal carcinoma is more common in this population, usually arising in native kidneys. Rarely, tumors arise in the transplanted kidney. Our case series reports four cases of malignancy in allograft kidneys, one of which is a first reported case of translocation RCC in a transplanted kidney. METHODS The renal transplantation database (1584 patients) at St. Michael's Hospital was reviewed for malignancies arising in allograft kidneys: reports and pathology slides were reviewed. RESULTS Four cases of malignancies arising in the allograft kidney were identified among our kidney transplant population. One patient developed a high grade urothelial carcinoma in the donor kidney post BK virus infection. The other 3 cases were renal cell carcinomas: one clear cell renal cell carcinoma, one translocation renal cell carcinoma, and one papillary renal cell carcinoma. The translocation renal cell cancer had confirmed TFE3 protein over-expression by immunohistochemistry. Molecular testing of the tumors in all 4 cases identified two separate genetic profiles, favored to represent tumors arising from donor tissues along with infiltrating recipient lymphocytes. DISCUSSION Previous reports suggested that epithelial malignancies in allograft kidneys are rare. We identified 4 such tumors in 1584 transplant patients. Further, we identified the first reported case of translocation RCC in an allograft kidney. While the rate of malignancy in allograft kidneys is low, screening of the donor kidneys by ultrasound and/or urine cytology may be of use in detecting these lesions.
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Stewart R. Developing Electronic Health Records Databases for Mental Health Research. Eur Psychiatry 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30123-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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115
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Wu SI, Kao KL, Chen SC, Juang JJM, Lin CJ, Fang CK, Wu CS, Dewey M, Prince MJ, Stewart R. Antipsychotic exposure prior to acute myocardial infarction in patients with serious mental illness. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2015; 131:213-22. [PMID: 25311084 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and recent exposure to antipsychotic agents in people with serious mental illness (SMI), and modifying influences. METHOD A case-crossover design was applied using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to compare the exposure frequency of antipsychotic agents within individuals of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder between 60-day case and control periods prior to their first AMI episode during 1996-2007. RESULTS A sample of 834 patients with incident AMI was analysed. AMI was significantly associated with more recent antipsychotic exposure in schizophrenia after adjustment (OR 1.87, 95% confidence interval 1.15-3.03) bipolar disorder (OR 1.06, 0.51-2.21). This association in schizophrenia was significantly stronger in men and in patients without previous diagnoses of cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSION These findings are consistent with a short-term risk effect of antipsychotic exposure on risk of AMI and identify potentially vulnerable groups. Further research is required to clarify underlying biological mechanisms.
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Pfaeffli Dale L, Whittaker R, Jiang Y, Rolleston A, Stewart R, Maddison R. Effects of an mHealth cardiac rehabilitation intervention on lifestyle change: results from the Text4Heart randomised controlled trial. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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117
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Looi K, Stewart R, Lee M, Kerr A. Contemporary management of acute coronary syndrome in patients with atrial fibrillation: An ANZACS-QI registry study. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.04.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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118
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Wang T, Stewart R, Choi D, Harrmos S, Gamble G, Ramanathan T, White H. Utility of high-sensitivity troponins after combined aortic valve replacement and coronary artery bypass grafting towards defining myocardial infarction. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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119
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Gladding P, Erogbogbo F, Swihart M, Smart K, El-Jack S, Korcyk D, Webster M, Stewart R, Zeng I, Jullig M, Bakeev K, Jamieson M, Kasabov N, Liang L, Hu R, Schliebs S, Gopalan B, Villas-Boas S. Bioengineering silicon quantum dot theranostics using a network analysis of metabolomic and proteomic data in cardiac ischaemia. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.04.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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120
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Stewart R, Colquhoun D, Marshner S, Simes J, Sathananthan J, Kirby A, Nestel P, Glozier N, O’Neil A, Oldenburg B, Tonkin A, White H. Persistent psychological distress and mortality in patients with stable coronary artery disease in the LIPID trial. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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121
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Wang T, Stewart R, Gamble G, Ramanathan T, White H. Prognostic value of post-operative aspartate aminotransferase levels after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting and isolated isolated aortic valve replacement. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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122
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Sultana J, Chang CK, Hayes RD, Broadbent M, Stewart R, Corbett A, Ballard C. Associations between risk of mortality and atypical antipsychotic use in vascular dementia: a clinical cohort study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2014; 29:1249-54. [PMID: 24633896 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES People with vascular dementia (VaD) are frequently prescribed atypical antipsychotics to treat behavioural and psychological symptoms, but there is an alarming lack of evidence regarding their safety or efficacy in VaD. This study sought to identify the mortality risk associated with the most commonly prescribed atypical antipsychotics in people with VaD compared with people not exposed to these drugs. METHODS A clinical cohort study of 1531 people with VaD performed using anonymised versions of full electronic health records from the Clinical Record Interactive Search application at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust. Patients were identified from 2007 to 2010, of whom 337 were exposed to quetiapine, risperidone or olanzapine. The main outcome measure was mortality. RESULTS Patients exposed to atypical antipsychotics were not at increased risk of mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.87-1.26]. Exposure to risperidone did not result in an increased risk of mortality (HR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.59-1.24), and patients exposed to quetiapine had a non-significant numerical increase in mortality risk (HR = 1.14; 95% CI: 0.93-1.39; p-value = 0.20) compared with untreated patients. Too few patients were exposed to olanzapine alone to provide reliable results. CONCLUSIONS The absence of a significant increase in mortality risk associated with atypical antipsychotics in people with VaD indicates that a clinical trial of antipsychotics focussing on the treatment of aggression and agitation in this patient group will be justified and feasible following further consideration of possible confounders, which will be critical to determine the role of antipsychotics in treatment of VaD.
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Stewart R, Fielden L, Muir Z, McNeil L, Morgan H. 30 * WEIGHT LOSS AND NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT IN MOVEMENT DISORDER CLINICS (MDCS) IN THE WEST OF SCOTLAND. Age Ageing 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afu124.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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125
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McNeil L, Morgan H, Stewart R, Fielden L, Muir Z. 16 * FALLS ASSESSMENT IN MOVEMENT DISORDER CLINICS IN THE WEST OF SCOTLAND. Age Ageing 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afu124.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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