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Laumbacher B, Gu S, Wank R. Activated Monocytes Prime Naïve T Cells Against Autologous Cancer: Vigorous Cancer Destruction In Vitro and In Vivo. Scand J Immunol 2012; 75:314-28. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02652.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Wang J, Liu B, Gu S, Liang J. Effects of Wnt/β-catenin signalling on proliferation and differentiation of apical papilla stem cells. Cell Prolif 2012; 45:121-31. [PMID: 22288815 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00806.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Wnt signalling pathway has been shown to play an important role in tooth development, however its effects with stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP) have remained unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine effects of Wnt/β-catenin on proliferation and differentiation of SCAP in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS SCAP were obtained, identified and cultured. Cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mRNA expression of mineralization-related genes and mineralized nodule formation were measured in presence or absence of various concentrations of lithium chloride. RESULTS MTT assay and flow cytometry demonstrated that Wnt/β-catenin activity could promote proliferation of SCAP. Real-time PCR analysis found that Wnt/β-catenin strongly upregulated expression of dentine sialophosphoprotein, osteocalcin and ALP in SCAP after incubation with mineralization induction medium, while ALP and alizarin red staining indicated that Wnt/β-catenin enhanced ALP activity and formation of mineralized nodules. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling promotes proliferation and odonto/osteogenic differentiation of SCAP.
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Abstract
The leucine-rich repeat and Ig domain containing 1 gene (LINGO1), recently considered to be conferred increased risk of essential tremor (ET), has been also implicated in Parkinson disease (PD). As the two common movement disorders have overlapping clinical and pathological features, it has been postulated that the LINGO1 gene may play a role in the pathogenesis of the two diseases. Here, we review published reports of the LINGO1 variants in ET and PD in an attempt to better understand the molecular and pathogenic relationship of LINGO1 to the two disorders.
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Bruchmüller J, van Wachem BGM, Gu S, Luo KH, Brown RC. Modeling the thermochemical degradation of biomass inside a fast pyrolysis fluidized bed reactor. AIChE J 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.13705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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105
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106
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Kishore N, Gu S. Effect of Blockage on Heat Transfer Phenomena of Spheroid Particles at Moderate Reynolds and Prandtl Numbers. Chem Eng Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Gui L, While A, Chen G, Barriball K, Gu S. Nurse teachers' working lives: a questionnaire survey of nursing schools in Mainland China. Int Nurs Rev 2011; 58:505-11. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1466-7657.2011.00902.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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109
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Armstrong LM, Gu S, Luo KH. Parametric Study of Gasification Processes in a BFB Coal Gasifier. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie1023029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bruchmüller J, van Wachem B, Gu S, Luo K. Modelling discrete fragmentation of brittle particles. POWDER TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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111
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Shen DK, Gu S, Jin B, Fang MX. Thermal degradation mechanisms of wood under inert and oxidative environments using DAEM methods. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:2047-2052. [PMID: 20951030 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 09/18/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The pyrolytic behavior of wood is investigated under inert and oxidative conditions. The TGA experiment is given a temperature variation from 323 to 1173 K by setting the heating rate between 5 and 40 K/min. The results of DTG curves show that the hemicellulose shoulder peak for birch is more visible under inert atmosphere due to the higher content of reactive xylan-based hemicellulose (mannan-based for pine). When oxygen presents, thermal reactivity of biomass (especially the cellulose) is greatly enhanced due to the acceleration of mass loss in the first stage, and complex reactions occur simultaneously in the second stage when char and lignin oxidize. A new kinetic model is employed for biomass pyrolysis, namely the distributed activation energy model (DAEM). Under inert atmosphere, the distributed activation energy for the two species is found to be increased from 180 to 220 kJ/mol at the solid conversion of 10-85% with the high correlation coefficient. Under oxidative atmosphere, the distributed activation energy is about 175-235 kJ/mol at the solid conversion of 10-65% and 300-770 kJ/mol at the solid conversion of 70-95% with the low correlation coefficient (below 0.90). Comparatively, the activation energy obtained from established global kinetic model is correspondingly lower than that from DAEM under both inert and oxidative environments, giving relatively higher correlation coefficient (more than 0.96). The results imply that the DAEM is not suitable for oxidative pyrolysis of biomass (especially for the second mass loss stage in air), but it could represent the intrinsic mechanism of thermal decomposition of wood under nitrogen better than global kinetic model when it is applicable.
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Shen D, Gu S, Bridgwater A. Corrigendum to “The thermal performance of the polysaccharides extracted from hardwood: Cellulose and hemicellulose” [Carbohydr. Polym. 82 (1) (2010) 39–34]. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ellingson BM, Pope WB, Lai A, Nghiemphu PL, Cloughesy TF, Juhasz C, Mittal S, Muzik O, Chugani DC, Chakraborty PK, Bahl G, Barger GR, Carrillo JA, Lai A, Nghiemphu P, Tran A, Moftakhar P, Cloughesy TF, Pope WB, Bruggers C, Moore K, Khatua S, Gumerlock MK, Stolzenberg E, Fung KM, Smith ML, Kedzierska K, Chacko G, Epstein RB, Holter J, Parvataneni R, Kadambi A, Park I, Elkhaled A, Essock-Burns E, Khayal I, Butowski N, Lamborn K, Chang S, Nelson S, Sanverdi E, Ozgen B, Oguz KK, Soylemezoglu F, Mut M, Zhu JJ, Pfannl R, Do-Dai D, Yao K, Mignano J, Wu JK, Linendoll N, Beal K, Chan T, Yamamda Y, Holodny A, Gutin PH, Zhang Z, Young RJ, Lupo JM, Essock-Burns E, Cha S, Chang SM, Butowski N, Nelson SJ, Laperriere N, Perry J, Macdonald D, Mason W, Easaw J, Del Maestro R, Kucharczyk W, Hussey D, Greaves K, Moore S, Pouliot JF, Rauschkolb PK, Smith SD, Belden CJ, Lallana EC, Fadul CE, Bosscher L, Slot M, Sanchez E, Uitdehaag BM, Vandertop WP, Peerdeman SM, Blumenthal DT, Bokstein F, Artzi M, Palmon M, Aizenstein O, Sitt R, Gurevich K, Kanner A, Ram Z, Corn B, Ben Bashat D, Slot M, Bosscher L, Sanchez E, Uitdehaag BM, Vandertop WP, Peerdeman SM, Martinez N, Gorniak R, Tartaglino L, Scanlan M, Glass J, Kleijn A, Chen JW, Sun PZ, Buhrman J, Rabkin SD, Weissleder R, Martuza RL, Lamfers ML, Fulci G, Lallana EC, Brong KA, Hekmatyar K, Jerome N, Wilson M, Fadul CE, Kauppinen RA, Mok K, Valenca MM, Sherafat E, Olivier A, Pentsova E, Rosenblum M, Holodny A, Palomba L, Omuro A, Murad GJ, Yachnis AT, Dunbar EM, Essock-Burns E, Li Y, Lupo J, Polley MY, Butowski N, Cha S, Chang S, Nelson S, Kohler N, Quisling R, Dunbar EM, Swanson KR, Gu S, Chakraborty G, Alessio A, Claridge J, Rockne RC, Muzi M, Krohn KA, Spence AM, Alvord EC, Anderson AR, Kinahan P, Boone AE, Rockne RC, Mrugala MM, Swanson KR, Gutova M, Khankaldyyan V, Herrmann KA, Harutyunyan I, Abramyants Y, Annala AJ, Najbauer J, Moats RA, Shackleford GM, Barish ME, Aboody KS. Radiology. Neuro Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noq116.s17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Yao Z, Zhang Y, Li Y, Ma R, Gu S, Zhong J. e0085 Relationship between the polymorphism of apolipoprotein apo B gene XbaI EcoRI and the serum lipids in the Li nationality of Haina. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Jenkins MW, Duke AR, Gu S, Chiel HJ, Fujioka H, Watanabe M, Jansen ED, Rollins AM. Optical pacing of the embryonic heart. NATURE PHOTONICS 2010; 4:623-626. [PMID: 21423854 PMCID: PMC3059323 DOI: 10.1038/nphoton.2010.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Light has been used to noninvasively alter the excitability of both neural and cardiac tissue 1-10. Recently, pulsed laser light has been shown to be capable of eliciting action potentials in peripheral nerves and in cultured cardiomyocytes 7-10. Here, we demonstrate for the first time optical pacing (OP) of an intact heart in vivo. Pulsed 1.875 μm infrared laser light was employed to lock the heart rate to the pulse frequency of the laser. A laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) signal was used to verify the pacing. At low radiant exposures, embryonic quail hearts were reliably paced in vivo without detectable damage to the tissue, indicating that OP has great potential as a tool to study embryonic cardiac dynamics and development. In particular, OP can be utilized to control the heart rate, and thereby alter stresses and mechanically transduced signaling.
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Shen DK, Gu S, Luo KH, Wang SR, Fang MX. The pyrolytic degradation of wood-derived lignin from pulping process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2010; 101:6136-46. [PMID: 20307972 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2009] [Revised: 02/17/2010] [Accepted: 02/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a key component in the biomass with a complex polymeric structure of the phenyl-C(3) alkyl units. The kraft lignin from the wood pulping process is tested in TG-FTIR and Py-GC-MS. The samples are pyrolyzed in TGA coupled with FTIR from 30 to 900 degrees C at the heating rate of 20 and 40K/min. The evolution of phenolic compounds in the initial pyrolysis stage of lignin is determined by FTIR, while the second stage is mainly attributed to the production of the low molecular weight species. A bench-scale fast pyrolysis unit is employed to investigate the effect of temperature on the product yield and composition. It is found that the guaiacol-type and syringol-type compounds as the primary products of lignin pyrolysis are predominant in bio-oil, acting as the significant precursors for the formation of the derivatives such as the phenol-, cresol- and catechol-types. A series of free-radical chain-reactions, concerning the cracking of different side-chain structures and the methoxy groups on aromatic ring, are proposed to demonstrate the formation pathways for the typical compounds in bio-oil by closely relating lignin structure to the pyrolytic mechanisms. The methoxy group (-OCH(3)) is suggested to work as an important source for the formation of the small volatile species (CO, CO(2) and CH(4)) through the relevant free radical coupling reactions.
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Yang B, Yao X, Gu S, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Zhang Y. Selectivity of lynx proteins on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2010; 19:283-289. [PMID: 20002807 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2009.00981.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are major excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Two lynx proteins (Nl-lynx1 and Nl-lynx2) have been identified in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, which act as modulators on insect nAChRs. In the present study, two lynx proteins were found to act on the triplet receptor Nlalpha1/Nlalpha2/beta2 expressed in Xenopus oocytes, increasing agonist-evoked macroscopic currents, but not changing agonist sensitivity and desensitization properties. Nl-lynx1 and Nl-lynx2 increased I(max) (maximum responses) of acetylcholine to 4.85-fold and 2.40-fold of that of Nlalpha1/Nlalpha2/beta2 alone, and they also increased I(max) of imidacloprid to 2.57-fold and 1.25-fold. Although, on another triplet nAChRs Nlalpha3/Nlalpha8/beta2, Nl-lynx2 increased I(max) of acetylcholine and imidacloprid to 3.63-fold and 2.16-fold, Nl-lynx1 had no effects on I(max) of either acetylcholine or imidacloprid. The results demonstrate the selectivity of lynx proteins for different insect nAChR subtypes. This selectivity was also identified in native N. Lugens. Co-immunoprecipitation was found between Nlalpha1/Nlalpha2-containing receptors and both Nl-lynx1 and Nl-lynx2, but was only found between Nlalpha3/Nlalpha8-containing receptors and Nl-lynx2. When the previously identified Nlalpha1(Y151S) and Nlalpha3(Y151S) mutations were included (Nlalpha1(Y151S)/Nlalpha2/beta2 and Nlalpha3(Y151S)/Nlalpha8/beta2), the increase in I(max) of imidacloprid, but not acetylcholine, caused by co-expression of Nl-lynx1 and Nl-lynx2 was more noticeable than that of their wildtype counterparts. Taken together, these data suggest that two modulators, Nl-lynx1 and Nl-lynx2, might serve as an influencing factor in target site insensitivity in N. lugens, such as Y151S mutation.
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Pierz KA, Gu S, Lewis ME, Hsu S, Falandry C, Salles GA, Fey MF, Martinelli G, Hitz F, Ghielmini ME. Predictive value of FCGR3A genotype on response to rituximab induction and maintenance therapy (MT) in follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.8065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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119
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Kolb SJ, Snyder PJ, Poi EJ, Renard EA, Bartlett A, Gu S, Sutton S, Arnold WD, Freimer ML, Lawson VH, Kissel JT, Prior TW. Mutant small heat shock protein B3 causes motor neuropathy: utility of a candidate gene approach. Neurology 2010; 74:502-6. [PMID: 20142617 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181cef84a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Idiopathic peripheral neuropathy is common and likely due to genetic factors that are not detectable using standard linkage analysis. We initiated a candidate gene approach to study the genetic influence of the small heat shock protein (sHSP) gene family on an axonal motor and motor/sensory neuropathy patient population. METHODS The promoter region and all exonic and intronic sequences of the 10 sHSP genes (HSPB1-HSPB10) were screened in a cohort of presumed nonacquired, axonal motor and motor/sensory neuropathy patients seen at the Ohio State University Neuromuscular Clinic. RESULTS A missense mutation in the gene encoding small heat shock protein B3 (HSPB3, also called HSP27, protein 3) was discovered in 2 siblings with an asymmetric axonal motor neuropathy. Electrophysiologic studies revealed an axonal, predominantly motor, length-dependent neuropathy. The mutation, HSPB3(R7S), is located in the N-terminal domain and involves the loss of a conserved arginine. CONCLUSIONS The discovery of an HSPB3 mutation associated with an axonal motor neuropathy using a candidate gene approach supports the notion that the small heat shock protein gene family coordinately plays an important role in motor neuron viability.
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Hu Z, Mao J, Huang G, Kuo W, Lenburg M, Ziyad S, Korkola J, Bayani N, Wang N, Gu S, Weber B, Wooster R, Gray J. A Systems Analysis of Mitotic Apparatus Inhibitors Defines a Response Network for Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Deregulation of aspects of the mitotic apparatus leads to increased genome instability, carcinogenesis and aggressive tumor behavior in human and rodent model systems1. This knowledge has stimulated development of inhibitors of elements of the mitotic apparatus as anticancer agents including PLK1, CENPE, and AURKB and several are now being tested for efficacy clincially2-6. These trials and eventual clinical use will benefit from molecular markers that predict response. In order to identify such markers, we assessed quantitative responses to the agents GSK461364, GSK923295 and GSK1070916 that target PLK1, CENPE and AURKB; respectively, in a panel of 50 breast cancer cell lines. This analysis showed that basal subtype cell lines were preferentially sensitive to all three agents and that responses among the lines to the three agents were strongly correlated. This may be explained by our discovery that components of the mitotic apparatus including PLK1, CENPE and AURKB form a transcriptionally co-regulated network comprised of more than 50 genes that is preferentially active in basal subtype of breast cell lines and primary tumors. Remarkably, this network also is activate in subsets of cancers of the lung, ovarian, prostate and brain, Wilms tumor, human blood malignancies and selected normal tissues. We then defined a mitotic apparatus network index (MANI) and showed that high MANI was associated with poor outcome clinically and with preferential responsive to GSK461364, GSK923295 and GSK1070916 in preclinical models. This suggests that measures of the MANI will identify poor outcome tumors that will likely respond well to mitotic apparatus network gene inhibitors as well as potential dose limiting normal tissues.Reference1. Quigley, D.A. et al. Nature 458, 505-8 (2009).2. Strebhardt, K. & Ullrich, A. Nat. Rev. Cancer 6, 321-330 (2006).3. Toyoshima-Morimoto, F., Taniguchi, E., Shinya, N., Iwamatsu, A. & Nishida, E. Nature 410, 215-20 (2001).4. Barr, F.A., Sillje, H.H. & Nigg, E.A. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol. 5, 429–440 (2004).5. McInnes, C. et al. Nat. Chem. Biol. 2, 608–617 (2006).6. Yamada, S. et al. Oncogene 23, 5901-5911(2004).
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2020.
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Shen DK, Gu S. The mechanism for thermal decomposition of cellulose and its main products. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:6496-504. [PMID: 19625184 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.06.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2009] [Revised: 06/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/25/2009] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Experiment is performed to investigate the mechanism of the cellulose pyrolysis and the formation of the main products. The evolution of the gaseous products is examined by the 3-D FTIR spectrogram at the heating rate of 5-60 K/min. A pyrolysis unit, composed of fluidized bed reactor, carbon filter, vapour condensing system and gas storage, is employed to investigate the products of the cellulose pyrolysis under different temperatures (430-730 degrees C) and residence time (0.44-1.32 s). The composition in the bio-oil is characterized by GC-MS while the gases sample is analyzed by GC. The effects of temperature and residence time on the main products in bio-oil (LG, 5-HMF, FF, HAA, HA and PA) are examined thoroughly. Furthermore the possible routes for the formation of the products are developed from the direct conversion of cellulose molecules and the secondary reactions of the fragments. It is found that the formation of CO is enhanced with elevated temperature and residence time, while slight change is observed for the yield of CO(2).
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Shimono A, Ueno S, Gu S, Zhao X, Tsumura Y, Tang Y. Range shifts of Potentilla fruticosa on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau during glacial and interglacial periods revealed by chloroplast DNA sequence variation. Heredity (Edinb) 2009; 104:534-42. [DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2009.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Foller M, Mahmud H, Gu S, Wang K, Floride E, Kucherenko Y, Luik S, Laufer S, Lang F. Participation of leukotriene C(4) in the regulation of suicidal erythrocyte death. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY : AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE POLISH PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2009; 60:135-143. [PMID: 19826192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2008] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Eryptosis, the suicidal death of erythrocytes, is characterized by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine exposure at the erythrocyte surface. Eryptosis is triggered by increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration upon energy depletion. The present study explored the involvement of leukotrienes. Western blotting was employed to detect the cysteinyl-leukotriene receptor cysLT1, competitive immune assay to determine leukotriene release from erythrocytes, Fluo3 fluorescence to estimate cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration, forward scatter to analyse cell volume and annexin V-binding to disclose phosphatidylserine exposure. As a result, erythrocytes expressed the leukotriene receptor CysLT1. Glucose depletion (24 hours) significantly increased the formation of the cysteinyl-leukotrienes C(4)/D(4)/E(4). Leukotriene C(4) (10 nM) increased Ca(2+) entry, decreased forward scatter, activated caspases 3 and 8, and stimulated annexin V-binding. Glucose depletion similarly increased annexin V-binding, an effect significantly blunted in the presence of the leukotriene receptor antagonist cinalukast (1 microM) or the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor BW B70C (1 microM). In conclusion, upon energy depletion erythrocytes form leukotrienes, which in turn activate cation channels, leading to Ca(2+) entry, cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling. Cysteinyl-leukotrienes thus participate in the signaling of eryptosis during energy depletion.
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Gal A, Veske A, Jojart G, Grammatico B, Huber B, Gu S, del Porto G, Senyi K. Norrie-Warburg syndrome: two novel mutations in patients with classical clinical phenotype. ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA. SUPPLEMENT 2009:13-6. [PMID: 8741107 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00374.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Norrie-Warburg syndrome (NWS) is a rare X-linked disorder characterized by blindness, which is invariable, deafness and mental disturbances, which are present occasionally. We describe here two novel mutations, a missense mutation (C126S) and a 1-base pair insertion (insT466/T467), together with a recurrent mutation (M1V), found in patients presenting with the classical clinical phenotype of NWS. All three mutations are likely to result in prominent structural changes of the norrin protein.
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Papadikis K, Gu S, Bridgwater A. CFD modelling of the fast pyrolysis of biomass in fluidised bed reactors. Part B. Chem Eng Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2008.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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