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Roche S, Tiers L, Provansal M, Seveno M, Piva MT, Jouin P, Lehmann S. Depletion of one, six, twelve or twenty major blood proteins before proteomic analysis: the more the better? J Proteomics 2009; 72:945-51. [PMID: 19341827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2009.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2008] [Revised: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Depletion of major blood proteins is one of the most promising approaches to access low abundant biomarkers using proteomics. Immunocapture columns often used for this purpose exist in different formats depending on the number of major proteins removed. In this article, we compared the relative interest of depleting either one (albumin), six (albumin, IgG, IgA, transferrin, alpha1-antitrypsin, and haptoglobin), twelve (the previous six and apo A-I and -II, orosomucoid, alpha2-macroglobulin, fibrinogen, IgM) or twenty blood proteins (the previous twelve and IgD, ceruloplasmin, apo B, complement C1q, C3, C4, plasminogen, and prealbumin). Such study raises interesting issues related to the reproducibility, practicability, specificity of the immunocapture, and to the impact of removing not only the selected molecules, but also associated peptides and proteins. Depleted sera were here analysed using different proteomic approaches, including two dimensional electrophoresis and SELDI-TOF. Altogether, our results clearly confirmed the interest of depleting major blood proteins for the proteomic detection of low abundant components. However, we observed that increasing the number of depleted proteins from twelve to twenty had a limited beneficial impact and might increase drawbacks in removing associated peptides and proteins. This conclusion is however related to the technologies that we have used, and we believe that it is necessary to adapt the immunocapture to the analytical method employed, and to the ratio between wanted and unwanted proteins removed.
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Albertini A, Roche S, Lepault J, Bressanelli S, Gaudin Y. [Structures of rhabdovirus glycoprotein]. Virologie (Montrouge) 2008; 12:407-418. [PMID: 36131396 DOI: 10.1684/vir.2021.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Glycoprotein G of the rhabdoviruses is involved in both receptor recognition at the host cell surface and membrane fusion via a low pHinduced structural rearrangement. G is an atypical fusion protein as there is a pH-dependent equilibrium between the pre- and post-fusion conformations of the protein. The atomic structures of the pre- and post-fusion conformations reveal that G is homologous to both glycoprotein gB of herpesviruses and gp64 of baculovirus and also that it combines features of the previously characterized class I and class II fusion proteins. Comparison of the structures of G pre- and post-fusion states reveals an extensive structural reorganization of the molecule that resembles that of paramyxovirus fusion protein F. It also allows to localize the fusion loops and to identify conserved key residues that constitute pH-sensitive molecular switches. Finally, the fusion properties and the structures of G also reveal some particularities that invite us to reconsider a few dogmas concerning fusion proteins.
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Tourvieille de Labrouhe D, Serre F, Walser P, Roche S, Vear F. Quantitative resistance to downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii) in sunflower (Helianthus annuus). EUPHYTICA 2008; 164:433-444. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s10681-008-9698-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2007] [Accepted: 04/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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Saintigny Y, Roche S, Meynard D, Lopez BS. Homologous recombination is involved in the repair response of mammalian cells to low doses of tritium. Radiat Res 2008; 170:172-83. [PMID: 18666811 DOI: 10.1667/rr1089.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2007] [Accepted: 04/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Radioactive compounds incorporated in tissues can have biological effects resulting from energy deposition in subcellular compartments. We addressed the genetic consequences of [(3)H] or [(14)C]thymidine incorporation into mammalian DNA. Low doses of [(3)H]thymidine in CHO cells led to enhanced sensitivity compared with [(14)C]thymidine. Compared with wild-type cells, homologous recombination (HR)-deficient cells were more sensitive to lower doses of [(3)H]thymidine but not to any dose of [(14)C]thymidine. XRCC4-defective cells, however, were sensitive to both low and high doses of [(3)H] and [(14)C]thymidine, suggesting introduction of DNA double-strand breaks, which were confirmed by gamma-H2AX focus formation. While gamma rays induced measurable HR only at toxic doses, sublethal levels of [(3)H] or [(14)C]thymidine strongly induced HR. The level of stimulation was in an inverse relationship to the emitted energies. The RAD51 gene conversion pathway was involved, because [(3)H]thymidine induced RAD51 foci, and [(3)H]thymidine-induced HR was abrogated by expression of dominant negative RAD51. In conclusion, both HR and non-homologous end-joining pathways were involved after labeled nucleotide incorporation (low doses); genetic effects were negatively correlated with the energy emitted but were positively correlated with the energy deposited in the nucleus, suggesting that low-energy beta-particle emitters, at non-toxic doses, may induce genomic instability.
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105
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Roche S, Dauvilliers Y, Tiers L, Couderc C, Piva MT, Provansal M, Gabelle A, Lehmann S. Autoantibody profiling on high-density protein microarrays for biomarker discovery in the cerebrospinal fluid. J Immunol Methods 2008; 338:75-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2008] [Revised: 06/27/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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106
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Roche S, Albertini AAV, Lepault J, Bressanelli S, Gaudin Y. Structures of vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein: membrane fusion revisited. Cell Mol Life Sci 2008; 65:1716-28. [PMID: 18345480 PMCID: PMC11131878 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-008-7534-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Glycoprotein G of the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is involved in receptor recognition at the host cell surface and then, after endocytosis of the virion, triggers membrane fusion via a low pH-induced structural rearrangement. G is an atypical fusion protein, as there is a pH-dependent equilibrium between its pre- and post-fusion conformations. The atomic structures of these two conformations reveal that it is homologous to glycoprotein gB of herpesviruses and that it combines features of the previously characterized class I and class II fusion proteins. Comparison of the structures of G pre- and postfusion states shows a dramatic reorganization of the molecule that is reminiscent of that of paramyxovirus fusion protein F. It also allows identification of conserved key residues that constitute pH-sensitive molecular switches. Besides the similarities with other viral fusion machineries, the fusion properties and structures of G also reveal some striking particularities that invite us to reconsider a few dogmas concerning fusion proteins.
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Molina S, Missé D, Roche S, Badiou S, Cristol JP, Bonfils C, Dierick JF, Veas F, Levayer T, Bonnefont-Rousselot D, Maurel P, Coste J, Fournier-Wirth C. Identification of apolipoprotein C-III as a potential plasmatic biomarker associated with the resolution of hepatitis C virus infection. Proteomics Clin Appl 2008; 2:751-61. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.200800020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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108
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Noël D, Caton D, Roche S, Bony C, Lehmann S, Casteilla L, Jorgensen C, Cousin B. Cell specific differences between human adipose-derived and mesenchymal–stromal cells despite similar differentiation potentials. Exp Cell Res 2008; 314:1575-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2007.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2007] [Revised: 12/17/2007] [Accepted: 12/19/2007] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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109
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Delalande D, Jung C, Labedan I, Lechevalier P, Madre C, Roche S, Koné-Paut I. Les ostéoporoses juvéniles. Arch Pediatr 2008; 15:420-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2007.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2007] [Revised: 10/28/2007] [Accepted: 11/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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110
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Roche S, Gabelle A, Lehmann S. Clinical proteomics of the cerebrospinal fluid: Towards the discovery of new biomarkers. Proteomics Clin Appl 2008; 2:428-36. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.200780040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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111
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Roche S, Cassidy F, Zhao C, Badger J, Claffey E, Mooney L, Delaney C, Dobrin S, McKeon P. Candidate gene analysis of 21q22: support for S100B as a susceptibility gene for bipolar affective disorder with psychosis. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2007; 144B:1094-6. [PMID: 17525977 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A genome-wide scan in 60 bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) affected sib-pairs (ASPs) identified linkage on chromosome 21 at 21q22 (D21S1446, NPL = 1.42, P = 0.08), a BPAD susceptibility locus supported by multiple studies. Although this linkage only approaches significance, the peak marker is located 12 Kb upstream of S100B, a neurotrophic factor implicated in the pathology of psychiatric disorders, including BPAD and schizophrenia. We hypothesized that the linkage signal at 21q22 may result from pathogenic disease variants within S100B and performed an association analysis of this gene in a collection of 125 BPAD type I trios. S100B single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2839350 (P = 0.022) and rs3788266 (P = 0.031) were significantly associated with BPAD. Since variants within S100B have also been associated with schizophrenia susceptibility, we reanalyzed the data in trios with a history of psychosis, a phenotype in common between the two disorders. SNPs rs2339350 (P = 0.016) and rs3788266 (P = 0.009) were more significantly associated in the psychotic subset. Increased significance was also obtained at the haplotype level. Interestingly, SNP rs3788266 is located within a consensus-binding site for Six-family transcription factors suggesting that this variant may directly affect S100B gene expression. Fine-mapping analyses of 21q22 have previously identified transient receptor potential gene melastatin 2 (TRPM2), which is 2 Mb upstream of S100B, as a possible BPAD susceptibility gene at 21q22. We also performed a family-based association analysis of TRPM2 which did not reveal any evidence for association of this gene with BPAD. Overall, our findings suggest that variants within the S100B gene predispose to a psychotic subtype of BPAD, possibly via alteration of gene expression.
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Kastrinaki MC, Sidiropoulos P, Roche S, Ringe J, Lehmann S, Kritikos H, Vlahava VM, Delorme B, Eliopoulos GD, Jorgensen C, Charbord P, Häupl T, Boumpas DT, Papadaki HA. Functional, molecular and proteomic characterisation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 67:741-9. [PMID: 17921184 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2007.076174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being considered as potential therapeutic agents in various inflammatory autoimmune diseases for their tissue-repair and anti-inflammatory tissue-protective properties. This study investigates the reserves and function, the molecular and proteomic profile and the differentiation potential of BM MSCs in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS We evaluated the frequency of MSCs in the BM mononuclear cell fraction using a limiting dilution assay, the proliferative/clonogenic potential and the capacity of cells to differentiate towards the osteogenic/chondrogenic/adipogenic lineages using appropriate culture conditions. We also assessed the molecular and proteomic characteristics in terms of inflammatory cytokine gene and protein expression, the relative telomere length and the survival characteristics of BM MSCs. RESULTS MSCs from patients with RA (n = 26) and age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (n = 21) were similar in frequency, differentiation potential, survival, immunophenotypic characteristics, and protein profile. Patient MSCs, however, had impaired clonogenic and proliferative potential in association with premature telomere length loss. Transcriptome analysis revealed differential expression of genes related to cell adhesion processes and cell cycle progression beyond the G1 phase. Previous treatment with methotrexate, corticosteroids, anti-cytokine and biological agents or other disease-modifying anti-inflammatory drugs did not correlate with the clonogenic and proliferative impairment of BM MSCs. CONCLUSION In spite of some restrictions related to the impaired clonogenic and proliferative potential, our findings support the use of autologous BM MSCs in RA and may have important implications for the ongoing efforts to repair tissue injury commonly seen in the course of the disease.
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Cassidy F, Zhao C, Badger J, Claffey E, Dobrin S, Roche S, McKeon P. Genome-wide scan of bipolar disorder and investigation of population stratification effects on linkage: support for susceptibility loci at 4q21, 7q36, 9p21, 12q24, 14q24, and 16p13. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2007; 144B:791-801. [PMID: 17455214 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BPD) is a complex genetic disorder with cycling symptoms of depression and mania. Despite the extreme complexity of this psychiatric disorder, attempts to localize genes which confer vulnerability to the disorder have had some success. Chromosomal regions including 4p16, 12q24, 18p11, 18q22, and 21q21 have been repeatedly linked to BPD in different populations. Here we present the results of a whole genome scan for linkage to BPD in an Irish population. Our most significant result was at 14q24 which yielded a non-parametric LOD (NPL) score of 3.27 at the D14S588 marker with a nominal P-value of 0.0006 under a narrow (bipolar type I only) model of affection. We previously reported linkage to 14q22-24 in a subset of the families tested in this analysis. We also obtained suggestive evidence for linkage at 4q21, 9p21, 12q24, and 16p13, chromosomal regions that have all been previously linked to BPD. Additionally, we report on a novel approach to linkage analysis, STRUCTURE-Guided Linkage Analysis (SGLA), which is designed to reduce genetic heterogeneity and increase the power to detect linkage. Application of this technique resulted in more highly significant evidence for linkage of BPD to three regions including 16p13, a locus that has been repeatedly linked to numerous psychiatric disorders.
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MESH Headings
- Bipolar Disorder/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- Female
- Genetic Linkage
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genomics
- Humans
- Ireland
- Male
- Siblings
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Pasquier E, Bohec C, De Saint Martin L, Le Maréchal C, Le Martelot MT, Roche S, Laurent Y, Férec C, Collet M, Mottier D. Strong evidence that skewed X-chromosome inactivation is not associated with recurrent pregnancy loss: an incident paired case control study. Hum Reprod 2007; 22:2829-33. [PMID: 17823131 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dem264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported conflicting results regarding recurrent pregnancy loss and skewed X-chromosome inactivation. Hence, we sought an association by carrying out a specifically designed incident paired case-control study with required statistical power. METHODS Design incident 1:3 matched case-control study, from 2003 to 2007. SETTING University Hospital of Brest. PATIENTS Women, from the Brittany area, consecutively referred for at least two unexplained consecutive spontaneous abortions. CONTROLS Women from the same geographic area, with no history of pregnancy loss and at least one normal pregnancy, recruited using electoral lists and then paired with cases, with respect to age, to within 1 year. INTERVENTION Assessment of skewed X-chromosome inactivation. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Comparison of the ratio of >90% skewed X-chromosome inactivation by conditional logistic regression. RESULTS Five hundred and forty-three controls (mean age: 34.3 years) were paired within 1 year to 200 cases. The cases (mean age: 33.6 years) had experienced between 2 and 14 consecutive losses (median 3). The rate of >90% skewed X-chromosome inactivation was not statistically different (P = 0.33, odds ratio: 0.58, 95% confidence interval: 0.19-1.77) between cases and paired controls, 2.27% versus 4.1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that there is no association between skewed X-chromosome inactivation and recurrent pregnancy loss, defined as two or more unexplained consecutive spontaneous abortions.
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Lehmann S, Dupuy A, Peoc'h K, Roche S, Baudin B, Quillard M, Berger F, Briand G, Chwetzoff S, Dine G, Gonzalo P, Dastugue B, Sève M, Siest G, Beaudeux JL. [Present possibilities and future development of clinical proteomics]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2007; 65:463-71. [PMID: 17913666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2007] [Accepted: 07/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on "clinical proteomics" which represents an emerging discipline in biomedical research. "Clinical proteomics" relies on the analysis of the proteome, i.e. the entire set of peptides and proteins present in a biological sample, to provide relevant data for diagnosis, prognosis or therapeutic strategies of human pathologies. This new type of approach has tremendous potential for the diagnosis of complex pathologies or for the early detection of cancers. This article reports the conclusions of a workgroup of the French Society for Clinical Biology (SFBC) 2004-2006 which evaluated the status, the impact and the future development of proteomics in the clinical field. It provides therefore a broad view going from the methods already present in the clinical laboratories (multiplex technologies...), to the tools for clinical and basis research including bioinformatics.
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Roche S, Richard MJ, Favrot MC. Oct-4, Rex-1, and Gata-4 expression in human MSC increase the differentiation efficiency but not hTERT expression. J Cell Biochem 2007; 101:271-80. [PMID: 17211834 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Micro-environment seems to exert an important influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation and proliferative capacity in bone marrow as well as in culture ex vivo. Oct-4, Rex-1, and TERT genes are well-known for the maintenance of pluripotentiality differentiation and the proliferative capacity of embryonic stem cells. Some previous data report expression of these embryonic factors in selected clones from bone marrow adult stem cells. Our goal was to study expression of Oct-4, Rex-1, and TERT in primary cultured human MSC according to the serum concentration. In addition, we have studied the expression of Gata-4 since this factor plays a key role in organogenesis. We hypothesized that low serum concentration with appropriate growth factors may induce an undifferentiated status with a re-expression of embryonic factors and extend differentiation capacity. Thus, using a defined culture medium, we report on the increased expression of Oct-4, Rex-1, and Gata-4 in human MSC. We have correlated this expression to an increase in differentiation efficiency towards osteogenic and adipogenic phenotypes. Our data suggest that the culture medium used permits the emergence of adult stem cells with a high differentiation capacity and expression of embryonic factors. These cells may have important implications for cell therapy.
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Roche S, Jacquesson JM, Destée A, Defebvre L, Derambure P, Monaca C. Sleep and vigilance in corticobasal degeneration: a descriptive study. Neurophysiol Clin 2007; 37:261-4. [PMID: 17996814 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2007.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2006] [Revised: 05/09/2007] [Accepted: 05/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep disorders are common in extrapyramidal diseases, but have rarely been demonstrated in corticobasal degeneration (CBD). METHODS Here, we describe sleep and vigilance in five consecutive patients with CBD. RESULTS All five patients had insomnia, four displayed periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) and/or restless leg syndrome (RLS), and two had sleep respiratory disorders. None had REM sleep behaviour disorders or excessive daytime sleepiness. CONCLUSIONS Polysomnography is useful for diagnosing treatable sleep disorders in CBD.
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Sirvent A, Boureux A, Simon V, Leroy C, Roche S. The tyrosine kinase Abl is required for Src-transforming activity in mouse fibroblasts and human breast cancer cells. Oncogene 2007; 26:7313-23. [PMID: 17533370 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase Src has been implicated in signal transduction induced by growth factors and integrins. Src also shows oncogenic activity when deregulated. Accumulating evidence indicates that the tyrosine kinase Abl is an important substrate for Src signalling in normal cells. Here we show that Abl is also required for Src-induced transformation of mouse fibroblasts. Abl does not mediate tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 and Shc, two important regulators of Src oncogenic activity. In contrast, Abl controls the activation of the small GTPase Rac for oncogenic signalling and active Rac partly rescued Src transformation in cells with inactive Abl. Moreover, Abl mediates Src-induced extracellular regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) activation to drive cell transformation. Finally, we find that Abl/Rac and Abl/ERK5 pathways also operate in human MCF7 and BT549 breast cancer cells, where neoplastic transformation depends on Src-like activities. Therefore, Abl is an important regulator of Src oncogenic activity both in mouse fibroblasts and in human cancer cells. Targeting these Abl-dependent signalling cascades may be of therapeutic value in breast cancers where Src-like function is important.
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Lassagne B, Cleuziou JP, Nanot S, Escoffier W, Avriller R, Roche S, Forró L, Raquet B, Broto JM. Aharonov-Bohm conductance modulation in ballistic carbon nanotubes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 98:176802. [PMID: 17501520 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.176802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We report on magnetoconductance experiments in ballistic multiwalled carbon nanotubes threaded by magnetic fields as large as 55 T. In the high temperature regime (100 K), giant modulations of the conductance, mediated by the Fermi level location, are unveiled. The experimental data are consistently analyzed in terms of the field-dependent density of states of the external shell that modulates the injection properties at the electrode-nanotube interface, and the resulting linear conductance. This is the first unambiguous experimental evidence of Aharonov-Bohm effect in clean multiwalled carbon nanotubes.
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Roche S, Rey FA, Gaudin Y, Bressanelli S. Structure of the prefusion form of the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein G. Science 2007; 315:843-8. [PMID: 17289996 DOI: 10.1126/science.1135710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Glycoprotein G of the vesicular stomatitis virus triggers membrane fusion via a low pH-induced structural rearrangement. Despite the equilibrium between the pre- and postfusion states, the structure of the prefusion form, determined to 3.0 angstrom resolution, shows that the fusogenic transition entails an extensive structural reorganization of G. Comparison with the structure of the postfusion form suggests a pathway for the conformational change. In the prefusion form, G has the shape of a tripod with the fusion loops exposed, which point toward the viral membrane, and with the antigenic sites located at the distal end of the molecule. A large number of G glycoproteins, perhaps organized as in the crystals, act cooperatively to induce membrane merging.
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121
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Roche S, Tiers L, Provansal M, Piva MT, Lehmann S. Interest of major serum protein removal for Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization - Time Of Flight (SELDI-TOF) proteomic blood profiling. Proteome Sci 2006; 4:20. [PMID: 17022823 PMCID: PMC1613235 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-4-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2006] [Accepted: 10/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization - Time Of Flight (SELDI-TOF) has been proposed as new approach for blood biomarker discovery. However, results obtained so far have been often disappointing as this technique still has difficulties to detect low-abundant plasma and serum proteins. RESULTS We used a serum depletion scheme using chicken antibodies against various abundant proteins to realized a pre-fractionation of serum prior to SELDI-TOF profiling. Depletion of major serum proteins by immunocapture was confirmed by 1D and 2D gel electrophoresis. SELDI-TOF analysis of bound and unbound (depleted) serum fractions revealed that this approach allows the detection of new low abundant protein peaks with satisfactory reproducibility. CONCLUSION The combination of immunocapture and SELDI-TOF analysis opens new avenues into proteomic profiling for the discovery of blood biomarkers.
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Dugelay JL, Roche S, Rey C, Doërr G. Still-image watermarking robust to local geometric distortions. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING SOCIETY 2006; 15:2831-42. [PMID: 16948326 DOI: 10.1109/tip.2006.877311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Geometrical distortions are the Achilles heel for many watermarking schemes. Most countermeasures proposed in the literature only address the problem of global affine transforms (e.g., rotation, scaling, and translation). In this paper, we propose an original blind watermarking algorithm robust to local geometrical distortions such as the deformations induced by Stirmark. Our method consists in adding a predefined additional information to the useful message bits at the insertion step. These additional bits are labeled as resynchronization bits or reference bits and they are modulated in the same way as the information bits. During the extraction step, the reference bits are used as anchor points to estimate and compensate for small local and global geometrical distortions. The deformations are approximated using a modified basic optical flow algorithm.
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Bressanelli S, Roche S, Rey F, Gaudin Y. Structures of VSV glycoprotein ectodomain in both pre- and post-membrane fusion conformation. Acta Crystallogr A 2006. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767306099466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Cassidy F, Roche S, Claffey E, McKeon P. First family-based test for association of neuregulin with bipolar affective disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2006; 11:706-7. [PMID: 16868568 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Roche S, Bressanelli S, Rey FA, Gaudin Y. Crystal structure of the low-pH form of the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein G. Science 2006; 313:187-91. [PMID: 16840692 DOI: 10.1126/science.1127683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The vesicular stomatitis virus has an atypical membrane fusion glycoprotein (G) exhibiting a pH-dependent equilibrium between two forms at the virus surface. Membrane fusion is triggered during the transition from the high- to low-pH form. The structure of G in its low-pH form shows the classic hairpin conformation observed in all other fusion proteins in their postfusion conformation, in spite of a novel fold combining features of fusion proteins from classes I and II. The structure provides a framework for understanding the reversibility of the G conformational change. Unexpectedly, G is homologous to gB of herpesviruses, which raises important questions on viral evolution.
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