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Uhlig F, Förster A, Böttcher I, Debowski M, Dohrmann F, Grosse E, Koczoń P, Kohlmeyer B, Laue F, Menzel M, Naumann L, Oeschler H, Scheinast W, Schwab E, Senger P, Shin Y, Ströbele H, Sturm C, Surówka G, Wagner A, Waluś W. Observation of different azimuthal emission patterns of K+ and of K- mesons in heavy-ion collisions at 1-2 A GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:012301. [PMID: 16090609 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.012301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2004] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Azimuthal distributions of pi+, K+, and K- mesons have been measured in Au+Au reactions at 1.5A GeV and Ni+Ni reactions at 1.93 A GeV. In semicentral collisions at midrapidity, pi+ and K+ mesons are emitted preferentially perpendicular to the reaction plane in both collision systems. In contrast for K- mesons in Ni+Ni reactions, an in-plane elliptic flow was observed for the first time at these incident energies.
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102
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Nakase H, Shin Y, Nakagawa I, Kimura R, Sakaki T. Clinical features of postoperative cerebral venous infarction. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2005; 147:621-6; discussion 626. [PMID: 15770350 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-005-0501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2004] [Accepted: 01/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is a potential risk of sacrificing the cortical vein during neurosurgical operations, particularly in the interhemispheric or subtemporal approach. An impaired cortical vein might cause cerebral venous circulatory disturbances (CVCDs) resulting in venous infarction. In this article, we have reviewed the management and results of eight cases with symptomatic postoperative venous infarction. We have encountered eight cases with symptomatic postoperative venous infarction (0.3%) during the past 5 years. The series is composed of 3 males and 5 females, with ages that ranged from 43 to 76 years (mean age of 58.1 years), and consisted of five brain tumors, one cavernoma, one dural AVF, and one trigeminal neuralgia. Initial symptoms occurred intra-operatively in two, on 0 day after the operation in one, 1 day in three, 3 days in one, and 4 days in one case. The symptoms were intra-operative brain edema in two cases, disorientation in one, cerebellar signs in one, hemiparesis in one, aphasia in two, and headache in one case. Two cases required surgical intervention. The results were a good outcome in 6 and a fair outcome in 2 cases. In conclusion, there are two types of postoperative venous infarction; severe onset (severe type) and gradual onset (mild type). The former needs immediate treatment from the intra-operative period onward, and the prevention of the ongoing venous thrombosis is essential in the latter.
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103
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Saba M, Pasquini TA, Sanner C, Shin Y, Ketterle W, Pritchard DE. Light Scattering to Determine the Relative Phase of Two Bose-Einstein Condensates. Science 2005; 307:1945-8. [PMID: 15790851 DOI: 10.1126/science.1108801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated an experimental technique based on stimulated light scattering to continuously sample the relative phase of two spatially separated Bose-Einstein condensates of atoms. The phase measurement process created a relative phase between two condensates with no initial phase relation, read out the phase, and monitored the phase evolution. This technique was used to realize interferometry between two trapped Bose-Einstein condensates without need for splitting or recombining the atom cloud.
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104
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Pasquini TA, Shin Y, Sanner C, Saba M, Schirotzek A, Pritchard DE, Ketterle W. Quantum reflection from a solid surface at normal incidence. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:223201. [PMID: 15601088 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.223201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We observed quantum reflection of ultracold atoms from the attractive potential of a solid surface. Extremely dilute Bose-Einstein condensates of 23Na, with peak density 10(11)-10(12) atoms/cm(3), confined in a weak gravitomagnetic trap were normally incident on a silicon surface. Reflection probabilities of up to 20% were observed for incident velocities of 1-8 mm/s. The velocity dependence agrees qualitatively with the prediction for quantum reflection from the attractive Casimir-Polder potential. Atoms confined in a harmonic trap divided in half by a solid surface exhibited extended lifetime due to quantum reflection from the surface, implying a reflection probability above 50%.
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105
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Shin Y, Saba M, Vengalattore M, Pasquini TA, Sanner C, Leanhardt AE, Prentiss M, Pritchard DE, Ketterle W. Dynamical instability of a doubly quantized vortex in a Bose-Einstein condensate. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:160406. [PMID: 15524962 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.160406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Doubly quantized vortices were topologically imprinted in /F=1> 23Na condensates, and their time evolution was observed using a tomographic imaging technique. The decay into two singly quantized vortices was characterized and attributed to dynamical instability. The time scale of the splitting process was found to be longer at higher atom density.
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106
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Kim IJ, Ku JL, Kang HC, Park JH, Yoon KA, Shin Y, Park HW, Jang SG, Lim SK, Han SY, Shin YK, Lee MR, Jeong SY, Shin HR, Lee JS, Kim WH, Park JG. Mutational analysis of OGG1, MYH, MTH1 in FAP, HNPCC and sporadic colorectal cancer patients: R154H OGG1 polymorphism is associated with sporadic colorectal cancer patients. Hum Genet 2004; 115:498-503. [PMID: 15449173 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-004-1186-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2004] [Accepted: 08/16/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
MYH, OGG1 and MTH1 are members of base excision repair (BER) families, and MYH germline mutations were recently identified in patients with multiple adenomas or familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). A total of 20 APC-negative Korean FAP patients were analyzed for OGG1, MYH and MTH1 germline mutations. A total of 19 hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), 86 suspected HNPCC, and 246 sporadic colorectal cancer cases were investigated for OGG1 and MYH mutations. A total of 14 R154H OGG1 polymorphisms were identified in hereditary, sporadic colorectal cancers, and normal controls. For the case-control analysis of OGG1 R154H, a total of 625 hereditary or sporadic colorectal cancer patients and 527 normal controls were screened. R154H was a rare polymorphism associated with sporadic colorectal cancer patents (OR: 3.586, P= 0.053). R154H does not segregate with cancer phenotypes. Upon examining the possibility of recessive inheritance of R154H, we could not identify any complementary mutations in OGG1, MYH or MTH1. Samples with R154H were further screened for mutations of K-ras, beta-catenin, APC, p53, BRAF and the microsatellite instability (MSI) status. Eight somatic mutations were identified in these genes and G:C to T:A transversion mutations were not dominant in samples harboring R154H. This result raises the possibility that OGG1 R154H may function as a low/moderate-penetrance modifier for colorectal cancer development.
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107
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Shin Y, Saba M, Schirotzek A, Pasquini TA, Leanhardt AE, Pritchard DE, Ketterle W. Distillation of bose-einstein condensates in a double-well potential. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:150401. [PMID: 15169269 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.150401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Bose-Einstein condensates of sodium atoms, prepared in an optical dipole trap, were distilled into a second empty dipole trap adjacent to the first one. The distillation was driven by thermal atoms spilling over the potential barrier separating the two wells and then forming a new condensate. This process serves as a model system for metastability in condensates, provides a test for quantum kinetic theories of condensate formation, and also represents a novel technique for creating or replenishing condensates in new locations.
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108
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Shin Y, Saba M, Pasquini TA, Ketterle W, Pritchard DE, Leanhardt AE. Atom interferometry with Bose-Einstein condensates in a double-well potential. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:050405. [PMID: 14995291 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.050405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A trapped-atom interferometer was demonstrated using gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates coherently split by deforming an optical single-well potential into a double-well potential. The relative phase between the two condensates was determined from the spatial phase of the matter wave interference pattern formed upon releasing the condensates from the separated potential wells. Coherent phase evolution was observed for condensates held separated by 13 microm for up to 5 ms and was controlled by applying ac Stark shift potentials to either of the two separated condensates.
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109
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Klucken J, Shin Y, Mclean PJ, Hyman BT. Chaperone mediated degradation of aggregated alpha synuclein. AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-833268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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110
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Fateen E, el-Shafei S, el-Karaksy H, Mahmoud M, Roshdy S, el-Temtamy S, Shin Y. Diagnosis and management of galactosemia: an Egyptian experience. BRATISL MED J 2004; 105:303-9. [PMID: 15633891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To screen normal and high risk Egyptian neonates for galactosemia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study included 2238 neonates classified into two groups. Group I included screening of 1794 normal newborns. Group II included 374 high risk neonates (jaundice, hepatomegaly and failure to thrive). Group III 70 prematures. Total galactose was determined by enzymatic colourimetric method in dried blood spot (Quantase). The enzymes activities (uridyltransferase and epimerase) were measured using C14. RESULTS One case of galactosemia was found in the first group and 26 cases in the second group. 19 patients suffered from uridyltransferase deficiency, the parents of 16 (88.8%) of this classic form were consanguineous and 5 (27.7%) parents had history of a previously affected child. Mean age of diagnosis was 3.8 month with a mean total gal value of 52.9 mg/dl. 10 (55.5%) of them have cataract. The other 8 affected neonates were epimerase deficiency patients. 5 (62.5%) of them born to consanguineous parents. Parents of the epimerase deficiency neonates have no previously affected children. Mean age of diagnosis was 7.2 month with a mean total gal of 17.5 mg/dl. All eight patients have cataract. CONCLUSION Mass screening program is not available yet in Egypt. Screening of the high risk neonates is a priority. Diagnosis of different galactosemia forms is mandatory to structure the management strategy accordingly. (Fig. 4, Ref: 26.)
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111
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Förster A, Uhlig F, Böttcher I, Debowski M, Dohrmann F, Grosse E, Koczoń P, Kohlmeyer B, Laue F, Menzel M, Naumann L, Oeschler H, Scheinast W, Schwab E, Senger P, Shin Y, Ströbele H, Sturm C, Surówka G, Wagner A, Waluś W. First evidence for different freeze-out conditions for kaons and antikaons observed in heavy-ion collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:152301. [PMID: 14611460 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.152301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Differential production cross sections of K- and K+ mesons have been measured in Ni+Ni and Au+Au collisions at a beam energy of 1.5 A GeV. The K(-)/K(+) ratio is found to be nearly constant as a function of the collision centrality and system size. The spectral slopes and the polar emission pattern differ for K- and K+ mesons. These observations indicate that K+ mesons decouple earlier from the fireball than K- mesons.
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112
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Leanhardt AE, Pasquini TA, Saba M, Schirotzek A, Shin Y, Kielpinski D, Pritchard DE, Ketterle W. Cooling Bose-Einstein condensates below 500 picokelvin. Science 2003; 301:1513-5. [PMID: 12970559 DOI: 10.1126/science.1088827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Spin-polarized gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates were confined by a combination of gravitational and magnetic forces. The partially condensed atomic vapors were adiabatically decompressed by weakening the gravito-magnetic trap to a mean frequency of 1hertz, then evaporatively reduced in size to 2500 atoms. This lowered the peak condensate density to 5 x 10(10) atoms per cubic centimeter and cooled the entire cloud in all three dimensions to a kinetic temperature of 450 +/- 80 picokelvin. Such spin-polarized, dilute, and ultracold gases are important for spectroscopy, metrology, and atom optics.
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113
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Kim IJ, Park JH, Kang HC, Shin Y, Lim SB, Ku JL, Yang HK, Lee KU, Park JG. A novel germline mutation in the MET extracellular domain in a Korean patient with the diffuse type of familial gastric cancer. J Med Genet 2003; 40:e97. [PMID: 12920089 PMCID: PMC1735541 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.40.8.e97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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114
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Sindern E, Ziemssen F, Ziemssen T, Podskarbi T, Shin Y, Brasch F, Müller KM, Schröder JM, Malin JP, Vorgerd M. Adult polyglucosan body disease: a postmortem correlation study. Neurology 2003; 61:263-5. [PMID: 12874416 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000073144.96680.cb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autopsy of a 50-year-old woman with adult polyglucosan body disease and missense mutations (Arg515His, Arg524Gln) in the glycogen branching enzyme gene (GBE) revealed accumulation of polyglucosan bodies in the heart, brain, and nerve. GBE activity was decreased in the morphologically affected tissues but was normal in unaffected tissues. GBE mRNA transcripts were similar in all tissues and in controls, which confirms the lack of tissue-specific GBE isoforms.
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MESH Headings
- 1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching Enzyme/analysis
- 1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching Enzyme/deficiency
- 1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching Enzyme/genetics
- Amino Acid Substitution
- Atrophy
- Brain/enzymology
- Brain/pathology
- Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors/genetics
- Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors/pathology
- Cardiomegaly/etiology
- Cardiomegaly/metabolism
- Cardiomegaly/pathology
- Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology
- Demyelinating Diseases/etiology
- Demyelinating Diseases/metabolism
- Demyelinating Diseases/pathology
- Ethnicity/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
- Genes, Recessive
- Glucans/metabolism
- Heart Failure/etiology
- Heart Failure/pathology
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Mutation, Missense
- Myocardium/enzymology
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/analysis
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/deficiency
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Organ Specificity
- Peripheral Nerves/enzymology
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
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115
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Park JH, Kim IJ, Kang HC, Lee SH, Shin Y, Kim KH, Lim SB, Kang SB, Lee K, Kim SY, Lee MS, Lee MK, Park JH, Moon SD, Park JG. Germline mutations of the MEN1 gene in Korean families with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) or MEN1-related disorders. Clin Genet 2003; 64:48-53. [PMID: 12791038 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.2003.00091.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a familial cancer syndrome characterized by the combined occurrence of tumours of the parathyroid glands, pancreatic islet cells and anterior pituitary gland. Mutation analysis of the MEN1 gene has enabled the genetic diagnosis of patients with MEN1. Two MEN1-related disorders - familial isolated hyperparathyroidism (FIHP) and familial pituitary adenoma - are considered to be variants of MEN1, or at least to be incompletely expressed variants. Germline mutations of the MEN1 gene have been reported in some with FIHP, but familial pituitary adenoma usually lacks the MEN1 mutation and has been described as a genetically distinct disorder. In this work, we investigated five Korean families with MEN1, one family with FIHP and one family with familial pituitary adenoma. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and sequencing were used to detect the MEN1 mutations. Screening of the genetic variations of the MEN1 gene revealed four germline mutations in five typical MEN1 families. All four germline mutations led to truncated proteins or a change in the amino acids of the functional domains. In this study, we identified three novel MEN1 germline mutations (969C >A, 973G >C and 1213C >T) and one previously reported mutation (200-201insAGCCC). The frequency of the MEN1 germline mutation in Korean MEN1 families (four of five; 80%) was similar to those reported previously. In accordance with previous studies, no MEN1 germline mutation was detected in two families with FIHP or familial pituitary adenoma.
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116
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Leanhardt AE, Shin Y, Kielpinski D, Pritchard DE, Ketterle W. Coreless vortex formation in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 90:140403. [PMID: 12731900 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.140403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Coreless vortices were phase imprinted in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. The three-component order parameter of F=1 sodium condensates held in a Ioffe-Pritchard magnetic trap was manipulated by adiabatically reducing the magnetic bias field along the trap axis to zero. This distributed the condensate population across its three spin states and created a spin texture. Each spin state acquired a different phase winding which caused the spin components to separate radially.
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117
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Greenberg SM, Shin Y, Grabowski TJ, Cooper GE, Rebeck GW, Iglesias S, Chapon F, Tournier-Lasserve E, Baron JC. Hemorrhagic stroke associated with the Iowa amyloid precursor protein mutation. Neurology 2003; 60:1020-2. [PMID: 12654973 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000050140.10044.a8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors searched for mutations in the beta-amyloid precursor protein in a Spanish family with a hereditary syndrome of hemorrhagic stroke, dementia, leukoencephalopathy, and occipital calcifications. DNA from two affected members demonstrated the Iowa amyloid precursor protein mutation previously identified as a cause of severe amyloid angiopathy without hemorrhagic stroke. These data point to other genetic or environmental factors that may determine the occurrence of symptomatic hemorrhage in amyloid angiopathy.
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118
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Leanhardt AE, Shin Y, Chikkatur AP, Kielpinski D, Ketterle W, Pritchard DE. Bose-Einstein condensates near a microfabricated surface. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 90:100404. [PMID: 12688985 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.100404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Magnetically and optically confined Bose-Einstein condensates were studied near a microfabricated surface. Condensate fragmentation observed in microfabricated magnetic traps was not observed in optical dipole traps at the same location. The measured condensate lifetime was >or=20 s and independent of the atom-surface separation under both magnetic and optical confinement. Radio-frequency spin-flip transitions driven by technical noise were directly observed for optically confined condensates and could limit the condensate lifetime in microfabricated magnetic traps.
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119
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Kaido T, Nakase H, Goda K, Shin Y, Aoyama N, Sakaki T. Value of 3D CTA in association with accessory anterior cerebral artery with ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2003; 145:157-8. [PMID: 12601465 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-002-1038-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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120
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Leanhardt AE, Görlitz A, Chikkatur AP, Kielpinski D, Shin Y, Pritchard DE, Ketterle W. Imprinting vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate using topological phases. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 89:190403. [PMID: 12443104 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.190403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Vortices were imprinted in a Bose-Einstein condensate using topological phases. Sodium condensates held in a Ioffe-Pritchard magnetic trap were transformed from a nonrotating state to one with quantized circulation by adiabatically inverting the magnetic bias field along the trap axis. Using surface wave spectroscopy, the axial angular momentum per particle of the vortex states was found to be consistent with 2 variant Planck's over 2pi or 4 variant Planck's over 2pi, depending on the hyperfine state of the condensate.
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121
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Kim J, Jeong E, Lee J, Yang S, Shin Y, Yoon Y, Chun BC. A Web-based interactive education programme on vaccination for public health officials. Asia Pac J Public Health 2002; 13 Suppl:S7-12. [PMID: 12109252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Health and Welfare Training Center of Korean National Institute of Health (KNIH) has developed various education curricula for officials who are involved in the public health or welfare sectors. Still almost all education programmes are off-line based. In off-line settings, both the lecturers and the students should come to NIH from their counties to join the education programmes, and it is impossible for the students to review or to re-practice the education contents. We developed a prototype on-line setting education programmes to provide a more convenient and more effective service to the officials. This web-based interactive education programme consisted of the specific objectives on vaccination for the public health officials who were working for the national immunization programmes. It became a prototype of web-based education and was evaluated by the participants in April, 2001. From the evaluation, we improved the contents and tried to develop more subjects for the officials' training.
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122
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Leanhardt AE, Chikkatur AP, Kielpinski D, Shin Y, Gustavson TL, Ketterle W, Pritchard DE. Propagation of Bose-Einstein condensates in a magnetic waveguide. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 89:040401. [PMID: 12144470 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.040401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates of 2-3 x 10(6) 23Na atoms were loaded into a microfabricated magnetic trap using optical tweezers. Subsequently, the condensates were released into a magnetic waveguide and propagated 12 mm. Single-mode propagation was observed along homogeneous segments of the waveguide. Inhomogeneities in the guiding potential arose from geometric deformations of the microfabricated wires and caused strong transverse excitations. Such deformations may restrict the waveguide physics that can be explored with propagating condensates. Finer perturbations to the guiding potential fragmented the condensate when it was brought closer to the surface.
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123
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Chikkatur AP, Shin Y, Leanhardt AE, Kielpinski D, Tsikata E, Gustavson TL, Pritchard DE, Ketterle W. A continuous source of Bose-Einstein condensed atoms. Science 2002; 296:2193-5. [PMID: 12077408 DOI: 10.1126/science.296.5576.2193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A continuous source of Bose-Einstein condensed sodium atoms was created by periodically replenishing a condensate held in an optical dipole trap with new condensates delivered using optical tweezers. The source contained more than 1 x 10(6) atoms at all times, raising the possibility of realizing a continuous atom laser.
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124
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Markovich KM, Tantishaiyakul V, Hamada A, Miller DD, Romstedt KJ, Shams G, Shin Y, Fraundorfer PF, Doyle K, Feller DR. Synthesis of halogenated trimetoquinol derivatives and evaluation of their .beta.-agonist and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) antagonist activities. J Med Chem 2002; 35:466-79. [PMID: 1346651 DOI: 10.1021/jm00081a007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The 5,8-difluoro (4), 5-iodo (5), 8-iodo (6), and 5-trifluoromethyl (7) derivatives of trimetoquinol (TMQ, 1) have been synthesized and evaluated for their ability to stimulate beta 1 (guinea pig atria) and beta 2 (guinea pig trachea) adrenoceptors as well as for their inhibitory activity against U46619 [a thromboxane A2 (TXA2) mimetic]-mediated contraction of rat thoracic aorta and human platelet aggregation. Both 5 and 6 were considerably less active than TMQ on both beta-adrenergic systems and gave a rank order of stimulatory potency of 1 much greater than 6 greater than or equal to 5. Similarly, iodine substitution at either position also caused a reduction in TXA2 antagonist activity with a rank order potency of 1 greater than 6 much greater than 5. Compared to 1, however, 5-iodo-TMQ (5) showed a marked selectivity for blockade of U46619 responses in rat aorta over human platelets. On beta-systems, 4 had reduced potency compared to TMQ and was similarly nonselective. Introduction of a trifluoromethyl group at the 5-position of TMQ completely abolished both beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic agonist activities while imparting weak antagonist activity on beta 1 receptors. On TXA2 systems, both 4 and 7 possessed significantly decreased inhibitory activity compared to TMQ. The synthetic approaches to the synthesis of 8-(trifluoromethyl)-TMQ (8) are also described. The enantiomers of the 8-fluoro derivative (3) of TMQ were separated on a preparative Chiralcel OD column and evaluated on beta-adrenergic systems and TXA2 systems. On beta-adrenergic systems, (S)-(+)-8-fluoro-TMQ was at least 10-fold more potent than (R)-(-)-8-fluoro-TMQ. Conversely, (R)-(-)-8-fluoro-TMQ was approximately 14-fold more potent as an antagonist of TXA2-mediated aggregation in human platelets than (S)-(+)-8-fluoro-TMQ. In contrast to platelets, (S)-(+)-8-fluoro-TMQ was an agonist in rat aorta whereas (R)-(-)-8-fluoro-TMQ was an antagonist.
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Lee H, Lee J, Lee S, Shin Y, Jung W, Kim JH, Park K, Kim K, Cho HS, Ro S, Lee S, Jeong SW, Choi T, Chung HH, Koh JS. A novel class of highly potent, selective, and non-peptidic inhibitor of Ras farnesyltransferase (FTase). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:3069-72. [PMID: 11714612 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00624-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship of a class of aryl pyrroles as farnesyltransferase inhibitors are described. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a panel of these inhibitors led to identification of 2 (LB42908) as a highly potent (IC(50)=0.9 nM against H-Ras and 2.4 nM against K-Ras) antitumor agent that is currently undergoing preclinical studies.
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